EP3390911B1 - Module de contrôle électronique et procédé de contrôle du fonctionnement et de la sécurité d'au moins un brûleur à tube radiant - Google Patents

Module de contrôle électronique et procédé de contrôle du fonctionnement et de la sécurité d'au moins un brûleur à tube radiant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3390911B1
EP3390911B1 EP16836201.0A EP16836201A EP3390911B1 EP 3390911 B1 EP3390911 B1 EP 3390911B1 EP 16836201 A EP16836201 A EP 16836201A EP 3390911 B1 EP3390911 B1 EP 3390911B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
combustion
fuel
oxidant
quality
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16836201.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3390911A1 (fr
Inventor
Patrick Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fives Stein SA
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Fives Stein SA
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Publication date
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Priority to PL16836201T priority Critical patent/PL3390911T3/pl
Publication of EP3390911A1 publication Critical patent/EP3390911A1/fr
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Publication of EP3390911B1 publication Critical patent/EP3390911B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber having an elongated tubular form, e.g. for a radiant tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/126—Radiant burners cooperating with refractory wall surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/025—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electrical or electromechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
    • F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/02—Controlling two or more burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic control module and a method for optimum control of the combustion and of the safety of industrial burners with radiant tubes fitted in particular to horizontal or vertical lines for continuous heat treatment of metal strips.
  • FIG. 1 one can see a schematic example of part of a vertical line for continuous heat treatment of a metal strip according to the state of the art. It comprises a zone Z1 for preheating the strip 2, for example by hot gas jets, a zone Z2 for heating the strip by radiant tube burners, a zone Z3 for maintaining the temperature of the strip also equipped with gas burners. radiant tubes and downstream zones Z4 and following not detailed used for other treatments of the strip, for example its cooling.
  • This line is composed of a heat-insulated enclosure 1 into which the strip 2 penetrates on a plurality of rollers 3 ensuring its guidance in a multitude of vertical passes.
  • radiant tubes 4, 5 represented schematically by rectangles.
  • the number of radiant tubes - and therefore burners - installed can be between 200 and 400. Each of these burners is individually controlled and operates in all or nothing mode, the radiant tubes operating for example in mode. push-pull.
  • the radiant tubes 4 whose burners are off are shown in white
  • the radiant tubes 5 whose burners are lit are shown in black.
  • the maximum calorific power P max which can be supplied by the heating zone Z2 corresponds to the simultaneous ignition of all the radiant tubes.
  • each of the burners of the radiant tubes of the heating zone is ignited for 60% of the cycle time, typically set at 1 or 2 minutes.
  • the Fig. 2 presents a column of radiant tubes 4, 5 located on one side of the strip 2 which runs on rollers 3.
  • the feeds / discharge of each of the radiant tubes 4, 5 of this column are shown in this figure, the oxidizer feed , for example the combustion air, is shown diagrammatically by 6, the supply of liquid or gaseous fuel, for example natural gas, by 7 and the evacuation of the fumes by 8. It is understood that depending on the position of the fluidic connections of the radiant tubes on the supply / exhaust manifolds, the air or gas or fume exhaust pressures are different for each of the radiant tubes.
  • the ignition and extinction of a burner can also induce pressure fluctuations on the ducts of the burners located near or in the same zone of the furnace.
  • the nature or the composition of the gas can vary, sometimes in significant proportions, for example with variations in calorific value of +/- 10% compared to an average value.
  • the installation can also be supplied with several types of gas, for example natural gas and coke oven gas with very different density or calorific value characteristics.
  • the operating conditions of the burners can be extremely variable depending on the pressures of the air or gas supply or of the fume extraction, the characteristics of the gas used, the operating temperatures of the radiant tube, the influence of ignitions and extinguishing. neighboring burners in the column, zone or fluid circuit.
  • the equipment according to the state of the art does not make it possible to effectively control the quality of the flame according to the variations in the characteristics of the gas or of its supply, including during the phases of ignition and extinction of the gas. flame which are in large number on an installation comprising a large number of burners operating in all or nothing.
  • the air-to-gas ratio at each instant of the ignition, operation and extinction phases of the burner is the result at each instant of the percentage of opening of the air and gas valves, of the supply pressures of the air and gas collectors and the actual calorific value of the gas in relation to the theoretical adjustment value.
  • These differences are particularly important during the ignition and extinction phases of the flame depending on the opening and closing characteristics of the valves, their actual tightness, the wear of their sealing devices and the variations in the characteristics of the power supplies. air and gas (pressure variations due to clogging of the pipes, for example) or variations in the calorific value of the gas.
  • the current control equipment installed according to the standards in force, for example EN 746-2, and EN 298, check the existence of the flame without the quality of said flame being verified. These are therefore open-loop operating modes which do not allow combustion to be optimized.
  • combustion control faults relate to rapid phenomena, on the scale of the cycle time of the operation of the burners or the opening / closing times of the gas and / or air supply valves.
  • These short times of poor combustion control and burner operating safety require the implementation of rapid control devices, if possible local, as close as possible to the controlled burner, and operating in the form of closed control loops with fast reaction times.
  • Some commercial equipment integrates sensors located in the air and gas supplies or in the flue gases to correct the operating conditions of the burners, but none can optimize each operating phase of the all-or-nothing cycle and compensate for the variations. calorific value of the feed gas.
  • the equipment according to the state of the art does not make it possible to rapidly detect a malfunction on a radiant tube, whether it is the failure of a component or a degraded operating mode.
  • the electronic control module and the method according to the invention make it possible to optimize the combustion of radiant tube burners, to reduce the quantities of pollutants emitted, to compensate for variations in power. heat of the feed gas, improve combustion efficiency by reducing the excess air necessary to ensure proper operation of the burner and quickly detect a malfunction on said radiant tube.
  • the control module comprises a means of calculating the combustive power Va of the fuel using the data supplied by the means for measuring the quality of the combustion, the fuel flow measuring device and the oxidizing flow measuring device. , the value of Va calculated by the calculation means being compared with a theoretical value in order to detect a deviation exceeding a predefined threshold, and if the deviation exceeds the defined threshold, issuing an alert.
  • the means for controlling the quality of the combustion may be a residual oxygen sensor.
  • the module may be able to control two radiant tube burners, the combustive power Va of the fuel being calculated for each burner, in particular from the data supplied by the oxidizer and fuel flow measuring devices and the information supplied by the combustion quality control means, the two values of Va obtained for the two burners being compared to detect a deviation exceeding a defined threshold.
  • the invention thus offers a rapid and efficient system for managing the operation of radiant tube burners installed in large numbers on an industrial furnace. It optimizes combustion and reduces the amount of pollutants produced while ensuring the operational safety of the burners.
  • the invention provides a solution for controlling the burners even when the feed gas has variable characteristics (calorific value or feed pressure), by making it possible to control the quantity of gas as a function of the quantity of air to keep in the air / gas ratio required for each burner at all times.
  • the radiant tube burners are supplied by air 6 and gas 7 collectors.
  • the air supply to the burner is equipped with a flow measuring device, for example a diaphragm 13 and a pressure sensor differential 12 and an electrically or pneumatically controlled opening valve 14 with optionally an open position feedback signal.
  • the combustion air is heated by the fumes in an exchanger shown diagrammatically by 10 to supply the burner 20 with hot air.
  • the gas supply to the burner comprises a flow measuring device, for example a diaphragm 16 and a differential pressure sensor 15 and two electrically or pneumatically controlled opening valves 17 and 18 providing the double barrier function in accordance with the standard.
  • EN 746-2 and possibly at least one of which provides a copy of the opening position (in the figure the valve 18) and of a pressure switch 26 between the valves 17 and 18.
  • the burner 20 is thus supplied with gas and air. .
  • the commanded opening valves 14, 17 and 18 can also be equipped with sensors or limit switches intended to confirm the position of the fully open or closed valves.
  • the burner 20 is equipped with a flame detection means 21, for example an optical cell of the ultraviolet type and with an ignition means 22, for example an ignition electrode.
  • the radiant tube is equipped with temperature sensors, for example at least one thermocouple 25 for measuring its surface temperature and a sensor 24 located on the evacuation of wet fumes 8 of the radiant tube 4 making it possible to control the quality. combustion, for example a residual oxygen sensor.
  • the combustion system is equipped with an electronic control module 23 located in the immediate vicinity of the burner, with output 23a and 23b input signals.
  • the input signals according to the example presented are the positions of the controlled valves 14 and 18, the flame detection 21, the air and gas flow measurements 12 and 15, the residual oxygen in the wet fumes measured by the sensor 24 and the temperature of the tube measured by the thermocouple 25.
  • the output signals are the commands of the valves 14, 17 and 18 as well as the ignition command 22.
  • a digital link makes it possible to transmit and receive information between a centralized control / command system and the electronic control modules 23 and / or between the electronic control modules 23.
  • This electronic control module provides all the functions handled by the burner control systems existing on the market according to the state of the art and as defined in the standards, in particular the ignition sequencing functions, operation, burner extinction and the safety devices associated with each of these operating phases. It also has combustion control and failure control as detailed below.
  • the proposed system regulates a quantity of air which is the image of the instantaneous power to be delivered by the burner in its various operating phases, using the valve 14.
  • the differential pressure sensor 12 is connected to the electronic control module 23, which calculates the instantaneous flow rate of air delivered to the burner.
  • the sensor 24 for measuring residual oxygen in the flue gases is connected to the electronic control module 23, which determines the quantity of gas necessary in order to comply with the level of oxygen required in the wet flue gases in the various operating phases of the burner such as ignition, stabilized operation and shutdown and regulates this flow by controlling valve 18.
  • the differential pressure sensor 15 is connected to the electronic control module 23, which calculates the instantaneous flow rate of gas delivered to the burner.
  • the air and gas flows are calculated using the formula described in standard ISO 5167-2 which integrates the geometric characteristics of the primary measuring elements 13, 16, the parameters relating to the properties of the fluids and the conditions of service such as atmospheric pressure, pressures, temperatures and specific gravities of fluids which are common or individual dynamic data measured and transmitted to the electronic control module 23.
  • the electronic control module 23 calculates the residual oxygen rate expected in wet fumes and adjusts the gas flow to maintain the oxygen level required in wet fumes.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to maintain the quality of the combustion regardless of the variations in the supply pressure of the gas and of the air.
  • thermocouple 25 This publication also provides other functionalities such as a gas valve leak test sequencer controlled by pressure switch 26 as well as protection in the event of exceeding a maximum operating temperature controlled by thermocouple 25.
  • the sensor 25 for measuring the temperature of the radiant tube 4 is connected to the electronic control module 23.
  • the module 23 can thus control the stopping of the burner in the event of exceeding a maximum safety temperature reached by the radiant tube.
  • the electronic control module 23 makes it possible to rapidly detect a malfunction on the radiant tube to which it is connected and to place said tube in the safety position if the malfunction is considered significant.
  • the electronic module will issue an alert locally and / or to the centralized control / command system, keeping the radiant tube concerned in service, or stop the latter by placing it in the safety position.
  • the electronic control module 23 exchanges information with the devices for measuring and controlling the flow rates of air 12, 13, 14 and gas 15, 17, 18, 26, as well as the sensor of residual oxygen 24 and the temperature sensor 25.
  • the electronic control module 23 can thus detect a discrepancy between the information supplied by one of these components or sensors, the information supplied by the other components or sensors, and the information supplied by one of these components or sensors. theoretical data expected.
  • the electronic control module 23 calculates the Va of the fuel and compares it with the The theoretical fuel goes.
  • This theoretical Va is advantageously supplied to the module by the centralized control / command system. It can also be entered directly in the module by an operator.
  • the electronic control module 23 issues an alert beyond a certain difference threshold. When this difference reaches a second higher threshold, the radiant tube is stopped and placed in safety.
  • the first threshold is for example 10% difference and the second 15% difference.
  • the electronic control module 23 is placed in the immediate vicinity of the radiant tube that it controls. This allows a rapid exchange of information between the electronic control module and the components placed on the radiant tube due to a reduced cable length. This solution makes it possible to control and secure the radiant tube assemblies more quickly than they would be by using a centralized control / command system.
  • the proximity between the electronic control module and the radiant tube to which it is connected also facilitates the intervention of the operators during the commissioning of the equipment and during its maintenance.
  • the electronic control module 23 is connected to two radiant tubes located close to one another. He can thus detect a different behavior of the two radiant tubes which could reveal a malfunction of one of the two.
  • This solution is particularly advantageous because it makes it possible to erase the disturbances which would be linked to a variation in the characteristics of the gas or / and of the air, these being common to the two radiant tubes.
  • the electronic control module 23 detects a shift between the residual oxygen content announced by the sensor 24 of one of the radiant tubes and the flow rates measured on the air and gas of this radiant tube, this shift may be interpreted as being related to a change in the composition of the fuel and its Va.
  • the electronic control module 23 according to the invention checks whether this same offset is present on the second radiant tube. If this is the case, it is indeed a change in the characteristics of one of the fluids. If this is not the case, there is a malfunction of an organ on the first radiant tube and an alert is given by the electronic control module.
  • This analysis also makes it possible to detect the drilling of a radiant tube because it would result in an entry of the atmosphere of the furnace in the tube, if the radiant tube operates in push-pull mode (the pressure inside the tube is lower than that outside the tube), and therefore a drop in the residual oxygen level measured in the fumes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP16836201.0A 2015-12-17 2016-12-15 Module de contrôle électronique et procédé de contrôle du fonctionnement et de la sécurité d'au moins un brûleur à tube radiant Active EP3390911B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16836201T PL3390911T3 (pl) 2015-12-17 2016-12-15 Elektroniczny moduł sterujący i sposób sterowania pracą i bezpieczeństwem co najmniej jednego palinka do rury promieniującej

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1562629A FR3045783B1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 Module de controle electronique et procede de controle du fonctionnement et de la securite d'au moins un bruleur a tube radiant
PCT/EP2016/081282 WO2017103000A1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2016-12-15 Module de contrôle électronique et procédé de contrôle du fonctionnement et de la sécurité d'au moins un brûleur à tube radiant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3390911A1 EP3390911A1 (fr) 2018-10-24
EP3390911B1 true EP3390911B1 (fr) 2021-07-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16836201.0A Active EP3390911B1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2016-12-15 Module de contrôle électronique et procédé de contrôle du fonctionnement et de la sécurité d'au moins un brûleur à tube radiant

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20180372315A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP3390911B1 (pl)
JP (1) JP2018537649A (pl)
KR (1) KR20180094932A (pl)
CN (2) CN112066408A (pl)
ES (1) ES2890881T3 (pl)
FR (1) FR3045783B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3390911T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2017103000A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11421874B2 (en) 2019-03-19 2022-08-23 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Digital gas valve burner control systems and methods
CN112178914A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-01-05 苏州金猫咖啡有限公司 一种喷雾干燥塔用直燃热风系统的控制方法

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FI772751A (fi) * 1976-12-14 1978-06-15 Measurex Corp Foerfarande och anordning foer att kontrollera effektiviteten av foerbraenningen i en ugn
US4586893A (en) * 1981-12-08 1986-05-06 Somerville Michael J Control apparatus
US4493635A (en) * 1982-02-27 1985-01-15 Osaka Gas Company Limited Oxygen-enriched air ratio control device for combustion apparatus
US4585161A (en) * 1984-04-27 1986-04-29 Tokyo Gas Company Ltd. Air fuel ratio control system for furnace
JPH061122B2 (ja) * 1984-06-06 1994-01-05 新日本製鐵株式会社 吸引式ラジアントチユ−ブバ−ナ−炉の最適燃焼制御方法
US4749122A (en) * 1986-05-19 1988-06-07 The Foxboro Company Combustion control system
DE69014308T3 (de) * 1989-10-30 1998-04-16 Honeywell Inc Verbrennungsregelung mit mikromessbrücke.
FR2712961B1 (fr) * 1993-11-26 1995-12-22 Lorraine Laminage Réglage en temps réel d'un brûleur à combustible de caractéristiques variables, notamment pour four métallurgique de réchauffage.
US7128818B2 (en) * 2002-01-09 2006-10-31 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for monitoring gases in a combustion system
TWI270638B (en) * 2002-03-29 2007-01-11 Chiyoda Chem Eng Construct Co Reaction furnace and method for controlling combustion thereof
FR2934033B1 (fr) * 2008-07-15 2010-09-03 Fives Stein Dispositif de pilotage de bruleurs regeneratifs.
FR2953280B1 (fr) * 2009-11-30 2014-10-10 Fives Stein Procede de correction des reglages de combustion d'un ensemble de chambres de combustion et installation mettant en oeuvre le procede
DE102013104837A1 (de) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern von Verbrennungsprozesssystemen
FR3015009B1 (fr) * 2013-12-17 2019-01-25 Fives Stein Procede et bruleur pour reduire l'emission d'oxydes d'azote lors de la combustion d'un combustible gazeux

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112066408A (zh) 2020-12-11
ES2890881T3 (es) 2022-01-24
PL3390911T3 (pl) 2021-12-13
US20180372315A1 (en) 2018-12-27
CN108463671A (zh) 2018-08-28
FR3045783B1 (fr) 2019-08-16
FR3045783A1 (fr) 2017-06-23
WO2017103000A1 (fr) 2017-06-22
KR20180094932A (ko) 2018-08-24
JP2018537649A (ja) 2018-12-20
EP3390911A1 (fr) 2018-10-24

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