EP3386970A1 - Configurational stereoisomer of difethialone, composition and rodenticide bait comprising same, and method for controlling target rodent pests - Google Patents
Configurational stereoisomer of difethialone, composition and rodenticide bait comprising same, and method for controlling target rodent pestsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3386970A1 EP3386970A1 EP16809708.7A EP16809708A EP3386970A1 EP 3386970 A1 EP3386970 A1 EP 3386970A1 EP 16809708 A EP16809708 A EP 16809708A EP 3386970 A1 EP3386970 A1 EP 3386970A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- difethialone
- stereoisomer
- homo
- enantiomer
- bait
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- VSVAQRUUFVBBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N difethialone Chemical compound OC=1SC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=1C(C1=CC=CC=C1C1)CC1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 VSVAQRUUFVBBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 347
- 239000003128 rodenticide Substances 0.000 title claims description 104
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 83
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 title claims description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title description 5
- 125000005329 tetralinyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NDCHCKSZQISZEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C1CC(C2=CC=CC=C2C1)C=1C(OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1O)=S Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C1CC(C2=CC=CC=C2C1)C=1C(OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1O)=S NDCHCKSZQISZEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 231100001160 nonlethal Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LPNBBFKOUUSUDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M p-toluate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 LPNBBFKOUUSUDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004464 cereal grain Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 26
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 18
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 11
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- -1 4'-bromo [1,1'-biphenyl] -4-yl Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001142 circular dichroism spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- QCAWEPFNJXQPAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxyfenozide Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN(C(=O)C=2C=C(C)C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1C QCAWEPFNJXQPAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001119 rodenticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012453 sprague-dawley rat model Methods 0.000 description 2
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- PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N warfarin Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 1
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoflurane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(Cl)C(F)(F)F PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ABSPRNADVQNDOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menaquinone 1 Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(CC=C(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)C2=C1 ABSPRNADVQNDOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 241000700157 Rattus norvegicus Species 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rohrzucker Natural products OCC1OC(CO)(OC2OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C1O CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- MBWXNTAXLNYFJB-NKFFZRIASA-N phylloquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C/C=C(C)/CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)C2=C1 MBWXNTAXLNYFJB-NKFFZRIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N phylloquinone Natural products CC(C)CCCCC(C)CCC(C)CCCC(=CCC1=C(C)C(=O)c2ccccc2C1=O)C SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N rebaudioside A Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D335/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D335/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D335/06—Benzothiopyrans; Hydrogenated benzothiopyrans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/002—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits
- A01N25/004—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits rodenticidal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with sulfur as the ring hetero atom
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36
- B01D15/3833—Chiral chromatography
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B57/00—Separation of optically-active compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a configuration stereoisomer of difethialone as an isolated compound, a composition and a rodenticide bait comprising such a configuration stereoisomer and a method for controlling deleterious target rodents.
- the invention thus relates to the technical field of the fight against target rodent pest populations.
- rodenticide baits As a poison for harmful target rodents. It is known from EP 2,090,164 that difethialone is a second-generation anticoagulant acting at a single dose. US 2005/181003 discloses a rodenticide bait in gel form comprising difethialone in a mass proportion of 25 ppm.
- the baits of EP 2,090,164 and US 2005/181003 are susceptible to being consumed by animals other than harmful target rodents when they are made available to harmful target rodents. They can be consumed directly (primary consumption) by pets or pets. They can also be accidentally consumed by humans. Such consumption may produce poisoning in these pets, pets, or humans that can be lethal.
- a fraction of the difethialone of these rodenticide baits may be ingested (secondary consumption) by animals - in particular by weaker rodent-killing predatory birds that have consumed such a rodenticide bait or by dead rodent-killing scavenging animals. have consumed such rodenticide bait.
- This secondary consumption is likely to eventually lead to the death of these predatory animals or scavengers that may be animals - especially birds - belonging to protected species.
- the aim of the invention is thus to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a configuration stereoisomer of difethialone, a composition and a rodenticide bait comprising such a configuration stereo-isomer and a method of controlling harmful rodent rodents that are at the same time effective in controlling target rodent pest populations and that also limit the risk of animal poisoning.
- non-targets particularly domestic or farm animals, pets or humans - accidentally consuming such a rodenticide bait, but also the risk of secondary poisoning of animals - for example foxes or wild-bird predators of weakened target rodents that have consumed rodenticide bait or wild animals scavengers of poisonous dead target rodents.
- the invention also aims at providing a configuration stereoisomer of difethialone, a composition and a rodenticide bait comprising such a configuration stereoisomer and a method for controlling harmful target rodents whose implementation complies with the rules of the invention. protection of the environment -especially with respect to the protection of birds, especially raptors-.
- the invention also aims at providing a configuration stereoisomer of difethialone, a composition and a rodenticide bait comprising such a configurational stereoisomer and a method for controlling harmful target rodents that do not require, to control a population harmful rodent rodents, use massive doses of a rodenticide and that are environmentally friendly, human health and non-target animals - especially birds-.
- the invention also aims at providing a configuration stereoisomer of difethialone, a composition and a rodenticide bait comprising such a configuration stereo-isomer and a method for controlling harmful target rodents that can be used to fight against harmful target rodents resistant to known baits for the control of harmful target rodents.
- the invention therefore also aims to provide an alternative to known rodenticide baits.
- the invention relates to a levorotatory enantiomer of a configuration stereoisomer of difethialone, called a ho-mono-isomer, of formula 3- (4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl) -1 (4 -hydroxythiocoumarin-3-yl) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, wherein the carbons 1 and 3 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group are of the same absolute configuration.
- diazolethialone refers to the compound 3- (4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl) -1- (4-hydroxythiocoumarin-3-yl) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene or 3- [3- [4] - (4-bromophenyl) phenyl] -1-tetralinyl] -2-hydroxy-4-thiochromenone or 3- [3- (4'-bromo [1,1'-biphenyl] -4-yl) -1,2 3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenyl] -4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzothiopyran-2-one of formula I) below:
- stereoisomers refers to isomers of the same semi-expanded formula, but whose relative position of atoms differs in space.
- configuration stereo-isomers refers to stereoisomers whose conversion of these configuration stereoisomers into one another requires a break / reformation of an interatomic covalent bond.
- configuration stereo-isomers refers to stereoisomers which are not conformational isomers (or "rotamers”, whose conversion of the one to the other of the conformational isomers is accompanied only by a rotation of a part of the molecule along the axis of a bond ⁇ (sigma) formed by axial overlap of orbitals);
- homo-stereoisomer of difethialone refers to the configuration stereoisomer of the difethialone of formula 3- (4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl) -1- (4-hydroxythiocoumarin-3-yl) - 1, 2,3,4- tetrahydronaphthalene, in which the carbons 1 and 3 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group are of the same absolute configuration (1S-3S or 1R-3R), said absolute configurations being determined according to the sequential priority rules and the nomenclature of Cahn, Ingold and Prelog (CIP);
- hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone refers to the configuration stereoisomer of the difethialone of formula 3- (4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl) -1- (4-hydroxythiocoumarin-3-yl) - 1, 2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, wherein the carbons 1 and 3 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group are of distinct absolute configurations (1S-3R or 1R-3S), said absolute configurations being determined according to the rules sequential prioritization and nomenclature of Cahn, Ingold and Prelog (CIP);
- the term "quantity" means a molar amount, a mass quantity or a volume quantity. The proportions are therefore proportions of a molar amount relative to a molar amount, of a mass quantity relative to a mass quantity, or of a volume quantity referred to a volume quantity;
- HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography
- HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
- retention time designates the duration, measured at the peak of the chromatogram peak, during which a compound is retained on a chromatography column.
- the invention therefore relates to the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-isomer of difethialone in the isolated state. It concerns the enantiomer levorotatory of said difethialone homo-stereoisomer separated from the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone and of the dextrorotatory and laevorotatory enantiomers of a difethialone configuration stereoisomer, referred to as hetero-isomer; stereoisomer, in which the carbons 1 and 3 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group are of distinct absolute configurations.
- the inventors have discovered that it is possible to separate the levorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer from difethialone and from said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone by high-pressure liquid chromatography in isocratic mode and under particular conditions. using a chromatography column comprising a chiral stationary phase. It was not known at the time of the invention to be able to separate the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer from difethialone and the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the inventors have succeeded in achieving this separation by selecting a column LUX ® HPLC particular chromatography Cellulose-3 (Phenomenex, Le Pecq, France) of dimension 150 x 2 mm and comprising a chiral stationary phase consisting of cellulose porous particles tris (4 -methylbenzoate), of a particle size of 3 ⁇ and a porosity of 1000 A. They used, as mobile phase, an eluent formed of a mixture of acetonitrile (A) and water comprising formic acid in a volume proportion of 0.1% in water (B) with an A / B volume ratio of 80/20.
- the flow rate of the mobile phase in the column is maintained at a value of 0.25 ml / min and the separation is carried out at room temperature.
- the composition to be analyzed is at a concentration of 1 ⁇ g of difethialone per milliliter in acetonitrile and the volume injected onto the column is 1 ⁇ l ⁇ .
- Detection can be performed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS / MS). Detection can also be performed photometrically or spectrophotometrically by adjusting the difethialone concentration and injection volume to obtain a optimal detection and by measuring the value of the area under the peak of each enantiomer.
- the value of the retention time (ti) of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer according to the invention may vary according to the operating conditions - in particular according to the temperature conditions of the column - and be between 7.8 min and 8.2 min.
- the value of the retention time (t 4 ) of the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer may vary according to the operating conditions - in particular according to the temperature conditions of the column - and be between 14.0 min and 14.4 min, so that the dextrorotatory and laevorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer can be separated by high pressure liquid chromatography on a chiral column.
- the value of the retention time (t 3 ) of the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone may vary according to the operating conditions - in particular according to the temperature conditions of the column - and be understood between 11.3 min and 11.8 min.
- the value of the retention time (t 2 ) of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone may vary according to the operating conditions -particularly according to the temperature conditions of the column-and be between 9.0 min and 9.5 min.
- the elution order of the configuration stereoisomers of the difethialone is such that ti ⁇ t 2 ⁇ t 3 ⁇ t 4 .
- the values of the retention times t 15 t 2 , t 3 and t are likely to vary, in particular with the temperature of the chromatography column.
- the order of elution of the configuration stereoisomers of the difethialone remains unchanged.
- the invention therefore relates to the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in the isolated state and having the property of being elutable, under the chromatography conditions described above, the first of the four stereoisomers. configuration of difethialone.
- the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone isolated in the pure state according to the invention, in solution in chloroform (CHCt 3 ) has a specific rotational power [a] C 589 nm measured at 25 ° C. and on the sodium D line (589 nm) of a value of -14.8 °.
- the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone isolated in the pure state according to the invention has in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) of the 500 MHz proton in CDCt 3 a multiplet exhibiting a chemical shift ( ⁇ ) between 4.9 ppm and 5.1 ppm corresponding to the proton carried by carbon 1 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- hetero-stereoisomers are distinguished from difethialone and said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone by their proton NMR spectra.
- the chemical shift of the proton carried by carbon 1 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone is between 5.2 ppm and 5 ppm. , 4 ppm, in particular of the order of 5.3 ppm.
- the invention also relates to a composition
- a composition comprising the levorotatory enantiomer according to the invention, excluding a racemic mixture of levorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone, that is to say except for a composition in which the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is in an optically inactive mixture with the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the invention therefore also relates to a composition
- a composition comprising the levogyre enantiomer of the configuration stereoisomer of the homo-stereoisomer difethialone, of formula 3- (4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl) -l- (4-hydroxythiocoumarin-3-yl) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, wherein the carbons 1 and 3 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group are of the same absolute configuration, with the exception of a mixture in which the laevorotatory enantiomer and the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone are in equal amounts.
- the invention thus relates to such a composition wherein the levorotatory enantiomer and the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone are in distinct amounts.
- said homo-stereoisomer is predominantly in the form of levorotatory enantiomer.
- a composition according to the invention comprises said homo-isomer of difethialone predominantly in the form of levorotatory enantiomer.
- the expression "said homo-stereoisomer is predominantly in the form of levorotatory enantiomer” means that the quantity (mass, molar or volume) of laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is predominant greater than 50% - in the total amount of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone present in the composition (in all its enantiomeric forms, dextrorotatory and laevorotatory).
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of said homo-isomer of difethialone in the composition is greater than at 50% -in particular greater than 60%, in particular greater than 70%, more particularly greater than 80%, preferably greater than 90%, more preferably greater than 95%, particularly preferably greater than 98%, even more preferably greater than 99% or the order of 100% -.
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone in the composition is greater than 75%, of preferably between 85% and 100%, more preferably between 90% and 99%.
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of said ho-stereoisomer of difethialone is from 96% to 100%.
- composition according to the invention In a composition according to the invention:
- the quantity of laevorotatory enantiomer of said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone relative to the sum of the amounts of each of the enantiomers (levorotatory and dextrorotatory) of said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone is greater than 0.5 (greater than at 50%);
- the laevorotatory enantiomer concentration of said homo-isomer of difethialone relative to the sum of the concentrations of each of the enantiomers (levorotatory and dextrorotatory) of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is greater than 0.5 (greater than 50); ), and;
- the proportion of levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone in the composition is greater than the proportion of the other enantiomer (dextrorotatory) of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the proportion of laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-isomer of difethialone in the composition is more than 50% relative to said homo-isomer of difethialone.
- the composition may comprise a proportion of dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone, said proportion being less than 50%, in particular less than 25, preferably between 0% and 25, in particular less than 10%. relative to the amount of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the difethialone is predominantly in the form of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the composition comprises the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone with a proportion greater than each of the proportions of each of the other enantiomers of the difethialone relative to the difethialone.
- the ratio of the amount of laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone to the sum of the amounts of each of the enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone and said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone is greater than 0.25 (greater than 25%);
- the ratio of the laevorotatory enantiomer concentration of said homo-isomer of difethialone to the sum of the concentrations of each of the enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone and said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone is greater than 0.25 (greater than 25%), and;
- the proportion of laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone in the composition is greater than the proportion of each of the enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone and of said hetero-stereoisomer of the difethialone.
- the proportion of levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone in the composition is more than 25% relative to the difethialone.
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of difethialone is greater than 25%, especially greater than 50%, in particular greater than 70%, more particularly greater than 80%, preferably greater than 90%, particularly preferably greater than 95%, more preferably greater than 98%, still more preferably greater than 99% or of the order of 100%.
- a composition according to the invention therefore comprises difethialone predominantly in the form of a laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of difethialone is greater than 70%, preferably between 80% and 100%, more preferably between 90% and 100% - relative to the amount of difethialone.
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone, such as the ratio of this amount on the amount of difethialone is between 95% and 99%.
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-isomer of difethialone such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of difethialone is between 96% and 100%.
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-isomer of difethialone such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of difethialone is substantially of the order of 100%.
- the composition comprises an amount of the levorotatory enantiomer of said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of difethialone is greater than 95%.
- a composition according to the invention may be substantially free of dextrorotatory enantiomer of said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone, that is to say that the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone may be present in the composition but only in the form of traces. It may also be substantially free of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone, that is to say that said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone may be present in the composition but only in the form of traces.
- the composition is in the liquid state and comprises a liquid solvent of difethialone.
- a liquid solvent of difethialone may be a solution of difethialone in a solvent of difethialone, excluding a racemic mixture of said levogyre and dextrorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- It may also be a solution comprising difethialone in a solvent of difethialone and wherein said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is predominantly in the form of levorotatory enantiomer.
- It may also be a solution comprising difethialone in a solvent of difethialone and in which the difethialone is predominantly in the form of levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone. It can also be a suspension or an emulsion of difethialone in a liquid medium.
- the composition is the solid state. It may also be a solid comprising difethialone, excluding a racemic mixture of dextrorotatory and levorotatory enantiomers of said ho-stereoisomer of difethialone. It may also be a solid comprising difethialone and in which said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone is predominantly in the form of levorotatory enantiomer.
- It may also be a solid comprising difethialone and in which the difethialone is predominantly in the form of a laevorotatory enantiomer of said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone.
- the invention therefore also relates to a composition comprising difethialone, the difethialone of the composition being optically active.
- the difethialone of the composition according to the invention is optically inactive.
- the invention also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for the preparation of a rodenticide bait for harmful target rodents.
- the invention also relates to a rodenticide bait comprising a composition according to the invention, and at least one edible excipient for harmful target rodents.
- a rodenticide bait according to the invention comprises:
- the laevorotatory enantiomer of the configuration stereoisomer of difethialone called a ho-mono-isomer, of formula 3- (4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl) -1- (4-hydroxythiocoumarin-3-yl) 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, in which the carbons 1 and 3 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group of said homo-stereoisomer are of the same absolute configuration, excluding a racemic mixture of laevorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of said ho - stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone and the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone are in distinct amounts.
- a rodenticide bait according to the invention comprises an edible excipient for harmful target rodents, and said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone predominantly in the form of levorotatory enantiomer.
- the inventors who succeeded in separating the laevorotatory enantiomer and the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-isomer of difethialone and the enantiomers of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone and in obtaining the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer isolated difethialone, have found that said difethialone homo-isomer is in fact the configuration stereoisomer of difethialone which is of lower hepatic persistence in harmful target rodents.
- the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is the enantiomer of the two enantiomers (levorotatory and dextrorotatory) of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone, which is the most remanent in the liver. harmful target rodents.
- this levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone has a persistence in the liver of harmful target rodents higher than that of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone makes it possible in fact to effectively fight against harmful target rodents and in particular with reduced doses of difethialone.
- the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is an alternative of choice for the production of a rodenticide bait having a rodenticide efficacy - particularly at low dose - and acceptable ecotoxicity. It is also an alternative for the production of rodenticide baits for the control of rodents that are susceptible to resistance to known rodenticide baits.
- the rodenticide bait comprises a mass quantity of difethialone such that the ratio (mass proportion) of this mass quantity of difethialone to the mass quantity of rodenticide bait is less than 200 ppm-that is less than 200 mg of difethialone per kilogram of rodenticide bait.
- the mass proportion of the difethialone in the rodenticide bait is included between 1 ppm and 100 ppm (1 mg to 100 mg of difethialone per kilogram of rodenticide bait), in particular between 5 ppm and 100 ppm (5 mg to 100 mg of difethialone per kilogram of rodenticide bait), preferably between 5 ppm and 50 ppm (5 mg to 50 mg of difethialone per kilogram of rodenticide bait), more preferably between 10 ppm and 50 ppm (10 mg to 50 mg of difethialone per kilogram of rodenticide bait), more preferably still included between 15 ppm and 50 ppm (15 mg to 50 mg of difethialone per kilogram of rodenticide bait).
- the edible excipient for harmful rodent targets is chosen to allow consumption of the bait by harmful target rodents.
- each edible excipient is non-lethal for harmful target rodents.
- the edible carrier is not a rodenticide in itself.
- the edible excipient comprises at least one food selected from the group consisting of cereal seeds-notably dehulled cereal seeds-cereal seed mills, cereal seed flours, flakes cereal seeds, cereal bran and non-cereal seeds, eg alfalfa seeds - in particular in the form of husks, in the form of milling, in the form of flour, in the form of flakes or of ses-.
- the edible carrier may include any carrier that may be consumed by harmful target rodents.
- the edible carrier comprises at least one food selected from the group consisting of plant foods and foods of animal origin.
- the edible carrier comprises at least one food chosen to stimulate the appetite of harmful target rodents.
- this food is selected from the group consisting of seeds of one or more cereals, seeds of one or more grains, seeds of one or more grains, seed flakes of one or more cereals, the sound of one or more cereals, and the grain meal of one or more cereals.
- the food is selected from the group consisting of sweet foods.
- these may be foods comprising at least one sugar selected from the group consisting of sucrose, lactose, fructose and glucose.
- It may be a sugar syrup-for example, a sugar syrup obtained by hydrolysis of the starch-or a sugar syrup obtained by hydrolysis of sucrose (invert sugar syrup), or beet sugar syrup, or maple syrup or sugar cane syrup, or syrup obtained from a plant of the genus stevia.
- the food is chosen from the group consisting of flakes and coconut albumen flour (copra).
- the food is selected from the group consisting of nuts, hazelnuts and almonds-shredded and / or powdered.
- the food is selected from the group consisting of vegetable fats, vegetable oils (for example rapeseed oil, soy fat, sunflower oil, cocoa butter, peanut oil, peanut butter, corn oil palm oil), animal fats and animal oils (butter, lard, fish oil).
- vegetable oils for example rapeseed oil, soy fat, sunflower oil, cocoa butter, peanut oil, peanut butter, corn oil palm oil
- animal fats and animal oils (butter, lard, fish oil).
- the food is selected from the group consisting of proteins of plant origin and proteins of animal origin.
- proteins of plant origin and proteins of animal origin.
- the rodenticide bait is chosen from the group consisting of solid baits comprising difethialone and a solid edible excipient.
- the rodenticide bait is a solid in the divided state, for example in the form of pellets or granules.
- the rodenticide bait can be a solid in the form of a block or paste that can be consumed by the target harmful rodents or a solid material that can be eaten by the target harmful rodents.
- the solid rodenticide bait according to the invention can be in the form of a rigid block, a semi-rigid block, a foam, a powder or a gel.
- the rodenticide bait in the form of a powder, in the form of a foam or in the form of a gel is adapted to be able to soil the fur of the target rodent (s) harmful (s) ) and to be ingested by him (them) during his (their) grooming.
- the rodenticide bait is chosen from the group consisting of liquid baits comprising difethialone and a liquid edible excipient.
- the rodenticide bait is then a drink for harmful target rodents.
- the rodenticide bait is chosen from the group consisting of liquid baits comprising difethialone and a liquid edible excipient.
- the rodenticide bait is then a drink for harmful target rodents. It may be a solution of difethialone in a solvent of difethialone, excluding a racemic mixture of dextrorotatory and levorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the invention thus also relates to a rodenticide bait in which the difethialone is optically active. However, it is not excluded that the difethialone of the rodenticide bait according to the invention is optically inactive.
- the rodenticide bait comprises at least one dye.
- a dye makes it possible in particular to give said rodenticide bait a color easily detectable and identifiable by a person handling the rodenticide bait.
- the rodenticide bait comprises at least one preservative able to ensure its conservation during storage.
- the rodenticide bait includes at least one bittering type compound denatonium benzoate, also known as the "Bitrex ®" designed to reduce the risk of accidental consumption by non-target organisms.
- the composition and the rodenticide bait according to the invention comprise exclusively difethialone as a rodenticide substance.
- the composition and the rodenticide bait according to the invention are free of any other anticoagulant substance for rodenticide use.
- the composition and rodenticide bait may include any harmful substance other than a rodenticide, such as an insecticide and / or acaricide.
- composition and the rodenticidal bait according to the invention comprise difethialone excluding a racemic mixture of levogyre and dextrorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer and at least one other substance. distinct from difethialone as a rodenticide.
- This other rodenticide substance, distinct from difethialone may be another anticoagulant, particularly anti-vitamin K or non-anticonagulant, or another non-anticoagulant rodenticide.
- the invention also relates to a method for controlling harmful target rodents in which a quantity of bait is dispersed.
- rodenticide comprising:
- At least one edible carrier for harmful target rodents at least one edible carrier for harmful target rodents
- the invention also relates to a method for controlling harmful target rodents in which a quantity of rodenticide bait according to the invention is dispersed, said quantity of bait being sufficient to be rodenticide.
- a quantity of rodenticide bait comprising said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is mainly disseminated in the form of a laevorotatory enantiomer, having an acceptable rodenticidal efficacy even at a low dose of difethialone.
- the method according to the invention thus makes it possible to limit the secondary poisoning of non-rodent mammals and of birds capable of feeding with dead or poisoned live rodents, but comprising a reduced amount, and in particular a non-lethal quantity, of difethialone.
- the method according to the invention also makes it possible to limit such secondary poisoning of non-rodent mammals and birds likely to preferentially consume the viscera, in particular the liver, of said dead or alive poisoned rodents.
- said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is predominantly in the form of levorotatory enantiomer.
- the difethialone is predominantly in the form of a laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- a rodenticide bait according to this variant of the invention is a deadly bait in a single catch or "one-shot" in English.
- the mass proportion of difethialone in the bait is between 5 ppm and 200 ppm, in particular between 5 ppm and 100 ppm, preferably between 5 ppm and 50 ppm, more preferably between between 15 ppm and 50 ppm.
- harmful target rodents consume a quantity of difethialone; o non-lethal for harmful target rodents, i.e., generally non-lethal to harmful target rodents, consuming said bait for a period of 24 consecutive hours, and;
- This other variant of the invention therefore relates to a method for controlling harmful target rodents in which a quantity of lethal rodenticide bait is dispersed for the target rodent pests consuming this rodenticide and non-lethal bait permanently for rodents or non-target animals accidentally consuming this rodenticide bait.
- This is called a "multi-dose” or "multi-feeding" control method.
- the consumption of rodenticide bait by a target rodent harmful for a period of 24 hours is insufficient to cause the death of said rodent, while repeated consumption of rodenticide bait for at least two days resulting in the death of the target rodent.
- accidental consumption of rodenticide bait by an animal or a non-target human for a period of 24 hours is most often insufficient to cause the death of said animal or a human.
- the invention therefore relates to a method for controlling harmful target rodents in which harmful target rodents are provided with a quantity of rodenticide bait capable of being ingested by the target harmful rodents, said quantity of rodenticide bait being sufficient to kill harmful target rodents consuming the rodenticide bait for several days.
- the quantity of disseminated rodenticide bait, the mass proportion of difethialone relative to the rodenticide bait and the proportion of levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone relative to the difethialone are adapted so that the consumption of rodenticide bait is lethal to harmful target rodents consuming daily bait for at least two 24-hour periods
- a quantity of rodenticide bait is dispersed so that harmful target rodents consume a quantity of difethialone sufficient to be lethal to said harmful target rodents consuming said bait for several periods of 24 hours. said periods being consecutive.
- the amount of laevorotatory enantiomer of said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone is such that the ratio of this amount to the amount of difethialone being greater than 95% - in particular of the order of 100% -, the mass proportion of difethialone relative to the rodenticide bait is between 5 ppm and 50 ppm -in particular between 10 ppm and 15 ppm-.
- harmful target rodents are provided with a quantity of rodenticide bait sufficient to satisfy daily the appetite of the target harmful rodents, said rodenticide bait comprising a major proportion of levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-steroid. isomer of difethialone.
- the amount of disseminated rodenticide bait, the proportion of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-isomer of difethialone relative to difethialone and the mass proportion of difethialone relative to the rodenticide bait to allow rodenticide bait consumption for several days by harmful target rodents, while limiting:
- the invention also relates to a chromatographic process for obtaining a laevorotatory enantiomer of a configuration stereoisomer of the homo-stereo-isomer difethialone of formula 3- (4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl) 1- (4-hydroxythiocoumarin-3-yl) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, wherein carbons 1 and 3 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene moiety of said homo-stereoisomer are of the same configuration absolute, a process in which:
- a mixture of acetonitrile (A) and water comprising 0.1% by volume of formic acid (B) is chosen as liquid mobile phase, with an A / B volume ratio of 80/20; and with a flow rate of the liquid mobile phase in the chromatography column of 0.25 mL / min;
- a liquid composition comprising said laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is introduced at the top of the chromatography column, and then;
- the liquid composition is entrained with the mobile phase in the column for chromatography under conditions suitable for separating the configuration stereoisomers from the difethialone, and; collecting a fraction of the mobile phase comprising said laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone with a retention time ti of value such that ti ⁇ t 2 ⁇ t 3 ⁇ t 4 ; t 2 , t 3 and t 4 represent the retention times of each of the configuration stereoisomers of the difethialone distinct from the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone, separately from a dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereo difethialone isomer of retention time t and separately from the levorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of a difethialone configuration stereoisomer, called a
- the liquid mobile phase of said fraction is removed so as to obtain said laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the invention also relates to a configuration stereoisomer of difethialone, a process for obtaining such a configuration stereo-isomer, a composition comprising such a configuration stereo-isomer, a rodenticide bait and a method of controlling harmful target rodents characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or hereafter.
- FIG. 1 is a chromatogram of analysis by high pressure liquid chromatography on a chiral column of difethialone (top) and of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-isomer of purified difethialone (bottom);
- FIG. 2 is a 300 MHz proton NMR spectrum of said homo-isomer of difethialone
- FIG. 3 is a 300 MHz proton NMR spectrum of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone
- FIG. 4 is a 500 MHz proton NMR spectrum of the levorotatory enantiomer of said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone;
- FIG. 5 is a 13 C-carbon NMR spectrum at 500 MHz of the levorotatory enantiomer of said ho-stereo-isomer of difethialone;
- FIG. 6 is a 500 MHz proton NMR correlation spectroscopy analysis (1H-NMR) of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone;
- FIG. 7 is a circular dichroism spectrum of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone
- FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of the temporal evolution of the hepatic concentration in rats (male and female) of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone ( ⁇ ) and said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone (O), and;
- FIG. 9 is a graphical representation of the temporal evolution of the hepatic concentration in rats (males and females) of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone ( ⁇ ) and of total difethialone ( ⁇ ) .
- the homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is identified by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H NMR) of the proton.
- the homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone in solution in CDCl 3 has a multiplet with a chemical shift ( ⁇ ) of between 4.9 ppm and 5.1 ppm and corresponding to the proton carried by the carbon 1 of the group 1,2 3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene of difethialone as illustrated in FIG.
- the hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone and the homo-stereoisomer of difethialone are distinguished by their proton NMR spectra.
- the chemical shift of the proton carried by carbon 1 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone (FIG. 3) is between 5, 2 ppm and 5.4 ppm.
- the inventors have solved the complex and unresolved problem of separating the levorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer from difethialone from a commercial difethialone preparation.
- the flow rate of the mobile phase in the column is 0.25 ml / min and the separation is carried out at a temperature of 23.2 ° C.
- the solution containing the sample to be analyzed is at a concentration of 1 ⁇ g of difethialone per milliliter in acetonitrile and is filtered on a membrane of regenerated cellulose with a cut-off of 0.2 ⁇ .
- the volume of solution containing the sample to be analyzed injected on the column is 1 ⁇ L ⁇ .
- the value of the retention time (ti) of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer according to the invention is of the order of 8.1 min as described in FIG. 1.
- the value of the retention time (t 4 ) of said dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer according to the invention is of the order of 14.4 min, so that the dextrorotatory and laevorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer can be effectively separated by high pressure liquid chromatography on a chiral column.
- the value of the retention time (t 3 ) of the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone is of the order of 11.7 min and the value of the retention time (t 2 ) of the levorotatory enantiomer of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone is of the order of 9.4 min.
- the order of elution of the enantiomers of the difethialone is such that ⁇ t 2 ⁇ t 3 ⁇ t.
- the UV spectrum of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in solution in chloroform (CHCt 3 ) has peaks of absorbance at 238.2 nm and 259.5 nm.
- the inventors have characterized the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone in the isolated state by its rotatory power (also called optical activity or circular birefringence), that is to say by its property to deflect the plane.
- rotatory power also called optical activity or circular birefringence
- polarization of a polarized light A deflection of the plane of polarization of the polarized light in the clockwise direction of rotation in facing the polarized light beam characterizes a solution and an optically active and dextrorotatory compound, and a deflection of the polarization plane of the polarized light in the counterclockwise direction of rotation facing the polarized light beam characterizes a solution and an optically active and levorotatory.
- the rotatory power of a laevorotatory enantiomer solution of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in chloroform (CHCt 3 ) is measured at a concentration of 11.05 g / L.
- the rotary power of this solution is measured by means of a P 2000 digital polarimeter (JASCO, Bouguenais, France) operating with excitation light with a wavelength of 589 nm.
- the mean rotatory power obtained over 2 series of 10 measurements is -1.635 °.
- the specific rotation power at 25 ° C [ ⁇ ] ⁇ c 58 nm of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in solution in chloroform, measured on the sodium D line (589 nm) is -14 , 8 °.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 respectively represent a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the proton (1 H NMR) at 300 MHz of the homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in CDCC 3 (FIG. 2) and a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the proton at 300 MHz in CDCC 3 of the hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone in CDCC 3 ( Figure 3).
- Said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone has (FIG. 2) a multiplet whose chemical shift ( ⁇ ) is between 4.9 ppm and 5.1 ppm corresponding to carbon 1 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group.
- said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone has (Figure 3) a multiplet whose chemical shift ( ⁇ ) is between 5.2 ppm and 5.4 ppm.
- Figure 4 shows a 500 MHz proton NMR spectrum of the levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in CDCC 3 .
- the proton NMR spectra of the dextrorotatory and levorotatory enantiomers of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone are indistinguishable from each other.
- FIG. 5 is a 13 C NMR spectrum of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in solution in CDCt 3 at a concentration of 40 mg / ml produced on a Bruker AVANCE III HD (500 MHz) spectrometer equipped of a PRODIGY motorized multi-core direct cryoprobe. It allows an identification of the 31 carbon atoms of the difethialone.
- the 13 C-NMR spectrum of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone is not distinguishable from the 13 C-NMR spectrum of the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- Said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone has a signal between 34 ppm and 38 ppm characteristic and distinctive of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- FIG. 6 is a two-dimensional (1H-NMR) two-dimensional proton NMR spectrum obtained by correlation spectroscopy of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in solution in CDCt 3 at a concentration of 40 mg / mL performed on a Bruker AVANCE III spectrometer HD (500 MHz) equipped with a PRODIGY motorized multi-core direct cryoprobe. It makes it possible to identify the coupling of the proton carried by the carbon 1 of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone with the protons carried by the carbon 2 of the 1,2,3,4 group. tetrahydronaphthalene at 2.27 ppm.
- 0.525 g ( ⁇ 0.025 g) of rat liver are weighed accurately and placed in a 50 ml polypropylene tube. 10 mL of acetone was added and the suspension is subjected to homogenization using a homogenizer / disperser ® Ultra-Turrax for a period of about 30 sec. The rod of the homogenizer / disperser is rinsed with hot water and then twice with 20 ml of acetone in a polypropylene tube. The homogenate is centrifuged for 5 minutes at a centrifugation rate of 3000 rpm (rotation per minute). The supernatant is collected and decanted into a test tube. The sample is evaporated under a stream of nitrogen (N 2 ) at a temperature of 40 ° C to form a dry extract.
- N 2 nitrogen
- the cartridge is dried by vacuum suction connected at the bottom of the cartridge.
- 1 mL of elution solution consisting of dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2 ) and of methanol (CH 3 OH) in a volume proportion of 90/10 is then deposited at the top of the cartridge and an eluate comprising difethialone is collected at the bottom of the cartridge.
- the eluate solvent was evaporated under a stream of nitrogen (N 2 ) at a temperature of 40 ° C.
- the sample is taken up in 0.5 ml of acetonitrile (NC-CH 3 ) and the acetonitrile solution containing the difethialone is filtered on a 0.2 ⁇ filter.
- the value of the retention time () of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of the difethialone according to the invention is between 7.8 min and 8.4 min (the maximum value of the peak corresponding to the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer being of the order of 8.1 min, as described in FIG.
- the value of the retention time (t 4 ) of the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer is between 13.3 min and 15.1 min (the maximum value of the peak corresponding to the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereo-isomer). isomer being of the order of 14.4 min), depending on the operating conditions -especially according to the temperature conditions of the column-.
- the value of the retention time (t 3 ) of the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone is between 11.2 min and 12.3 min (the maximum value of the peak corresponding to the dextrorotatory enantiomer of said hetero - stereoisomer being of the order of 11.7 min), depending on the operating conditions -especially according to the temperature conditions of the column-.
- the value of the retention time (t 2 ) of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone is between 9.0 min and 9.8 min (the maximum value of the peak corresponding to the laevorotatory enantiomer of said hetero - stereo-isomer being of the order of 9.4 min), depending on the operating conditions -partement depending on the temperature conditions of the column-.
- the composition of the sample is analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography as described in point A2) above.
- Gents are administered to male and female coumafen-sensitive rats (Rattus norvegicus), a solution of a mixture of said ho-stereo-isomer and said hetero-stereoisomer of difethialone in a mixture. of vegetable oil and 5% DMSO.
- the molar ratio of the amount of said homo-stereoisomer to the amount of said hetero-stereoisomer is 4/6.
- Each diastereoisomer of difethialone is formed from a racemic mixture of the two enantiomers of the corresponding diastereoisomer.
- the gavage solution is administered (on day 0) so that the amount of difethialone ingested by each rat is of the order of 3.4 mg per kilogram of rat.
- fed rats are treated daily by subcutaneous administration of a dose of vitamin K1 (as an antidote to bleeding) at the rate of 0.1U per 200g of rat's weight.
- the measured difethialone concentrations (average of the values measured in 6 rats and expressed in nanogram of enantiomer per gram of liver (ng / g) in the liver of the gavaged rats are given as a function of time ( in hours) after gavage
- the concentration of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said ho-stereo-isomer according to the invention in the liver is represented by solid circles ( ⁇ ) on the left scale and the concentration of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in the liver is represented by open circles (O) on the right scale.
- the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer according to the invention exhibits inexplicably high liver remanence compared with the homogeneity of the homo-stereoisomer of difethialone.
- the concentration of the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer according to the invention in the liver is represented by solid circles ( ⁇ ) on the left scale and the concentration of total difethialone in the liver is represented by open triangles ( ⁇ ) on the right scale.
- the corresponding values are given in Table 1 below.
- the laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer according to the invention has a high hepatic remanence with respect to the persistence of the difethialone.
- a pasty rodenticide bait according to the invention is produced by dispersing a quantity of levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone in an edible excipent comprising vegetable fat and cereal flour.
- the measured proportion of difethialone relative to the bait is 13.7 ppm and the proportion of laevorotatory enantiomer of said homo-isomer relative to the difethialone is 95.4% (13.1 mg of levorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone per kilogram of bait).
- the bait further comprises a mass proportion of 3.3% of dextrorotatory enantiomer of said homo-stereoisomer of difethialone relative to difethialone and a mass proportion of 1.4% dextrorotatory enantiomer of said hetero-stereoisomeric isomer of difethialone relative to difethialone.
- Bait with a low dose of 13.7 ppm difethialone achieves a 100% mortality rate while minimizing the risk of animal intoxication - in particular, susceptible, predatory birds or scavengers of weak rodent pests. having consumed a rodenticide bait according to the invention.
- a composition, a rodenticide bait and a method for controlling harmful target rodents are subject to infinity of variants both in the formulation of the bait and in the methods of implementation of the method.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1562225A FR3045049B1 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | DIFETHIALONE CONFIGURATION STEREO-ISOMER, COMPOSITION AND RODONTICIDE APPAT COMPRISING THE SAME, AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING HARMFUL TARGET RODENTS |
PCT/EP2016/079855 WO2017097745A1 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2016-12-06 | Configurational stereoisomer of difethialone, composition and rodenticide bait comprising same, and method for controlling target rodent pests |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3386970A1 true EP3386970A1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
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ID=55236760
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16809708.7A Withdrawn EP3386970A1 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2016-12-06 | Configurational stereoisomer of difethialone, composition and rodenticide bait comprising same, and method for controlling target rodent pests |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US10829469B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3386970A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112018011648A2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3045049B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017097745A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8333334D0 (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1984-01-18 | Ici Plc | Rodenticides |
FR2562893B1 (en) | 1984-04-12 | 1986-06-27 | Lipha | DERIVATIVES OF HYDROXY-4-2H-1-BENZOTHIOPYRAN-2-ONE, THEIR PREPARATIONS AND APPLICATIONS IN THE RODENTICIDE FIELD |
MXPA04010939A (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2005-01-25 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Rodenticidal bait system. |
ITMI20080238A1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-16 | Zapi Industrie Chimiche Spa | RHYDENTICIDE LURE BASED ON A SYNERGIC ASSOCIATION OF ANTICOAGULANT ACTIVE PRINCIPLES |
FR3022110B1 (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-07-01 | Liphatech Inc | RODONTICIDE APPAT AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING HARMFUL TARGET RODENTS USING SUCH APPAT |
-
2015
- 2015-12-11 FR FR1562225A patent/FR3045049B1/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-12-06 BR BR112018011648-3A patent/BR112018011648A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-12-06 EP EP16809708.7A patent/EP3386970A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-12-06 WO PCT/EP2016/079855 patent/WO2017097745A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-12-06 US US16/061,117 patent/US10829469B2/en active Active
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US10829469B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 |
BR112018011648A2 (en) | 2019-04-30 |
FR3045049A1 (en) | 2017-06-16 |
WO2017097745A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
US20190016697A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
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