EP3377839A1 - Device for projecting a projectile by compressed air using electromagnetic piston compression, associated control method - Google Patents

Device for projecting a projectile by compressed air using electromagnetic piston compression, associated control method

Info

Publication number
EP3377839A1
EP3377839A1 EP16808928.2A EP16808928A EP3377839A1 EP 3377839 A1 EP3377839 A1 EP 3377839A1 EP 16808928 A EP16808928 A EP 16808928A EP 3377839 A1 EP3377839 A1 EP 3377839A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
projectile
projecting
compressed air
sheath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16808928.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3377839B1 (en
Inventor
Guy Lemarquand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tokyo Marui Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tokyo Marui Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Marui Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Marui Co Ltd
Publication of EP3377839A1 publication Critical patent/EP3377839A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3377839B1 publication Critical patent/EP3377839B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
    • F41B11/64—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas having a piston effecting a compressor stroke during the firing of each shot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B6/00—Electromagnetic launchers ; Plasma-actuated launchers
    • F41B6/003—Electromagnetic launchers ; Plasma-actuated launchers using at least one driving coil for accelerating the projectile, e.g. an annular coil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for projecting a projectile by compressed air whose compression is obtained by an electromagnetic piston.
  • the invention also covers a method of controlling the electromagnetic piston compression projection device.
  • the power of the projectiles is limited to stay in the field of sports, playful and strategic game.
  • electromechanical means comprise an electric motor and a set of pinions driven by said motor called “gear box”. These gears have two functions, one to feed a thrust nose with a projectile and the other to propel said projectile with pressurized air, from the thrust nose.
  • the thrust nose is a hollow tube, sealingly connected to a fixed pressure chamber.
  • the set is intended to be housed in a replica weapon.
  • This push nose can take two positions, a rear position allowing the introduction of a ball in front of said thrust nose and a forward position in which the thrust nose introduces the projectile into the barrel of the weapon replica.
  • This projectile usually a ball, is positioned in front of the thrust nose from a reserve.
  • the fixed pressure chamber comprises a piston movable in translation in said fixed pressure chamber.
  • the front part of the movable piston carries sealing means with the fixed chamber in which it is movable in translation.
  • the rear of the piston is supported on one end of a spring interposed between the rear of said piston, the other end of the spring bearing against the bottom of a housing in which is disposed all the electromagnetic means.
  • the gears and the motor ensure the displacement of the piston in the fixed chamber of pressure towards the rear of the chamber, generally by means of a rack, which compresses the spring and when the piston is moved back to the maximum of its translation, the spring is also compressed to the maximum, simultaneously.
  • the piston drive pinion is provided with a toothless pad, so that when it is rotated immediately after the maximum compression, said pinion releases the piston which is propelled forwards into the chamber under the effect the relaxation of the spring. This displacement compresses the air in said chamber. This accelerates very strongly the air in the nose of thrust and this air then propels the projectile, in this case the ball in the barrel.
  • This mechanism is very interesting because it uses electrical energy that can be stored in batteries or batteries to power the engine.
  • This area is therefore looking for a mechanism that retains the advantages of electrical energy, which minimizes consumption to increase the capacity of the number of shots or for the same capacity to lighten the weight of the replica of weapon, which does not generate or few vibrations, shocks and noises.
  • the field is primarily looking for technical performance that consist of the same power consumed to deliver the optimal power and therefore to improve the projection efficiency of the projectile.
  • the present invention makes it possible to overcome the problems of the prior art, to provide new features and even to provide control of the projection device.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the projection device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the various constituents of said device represented in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 a detail sectional view of the electromagnetic projection means, after assembly
  • Figure 5 an exploded perspective view of the thrust nose
  • FIGS. 7A to 7E a basic block diagram of the operation of the electromagnetic projection device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 8 a phase diagram illustrating the control method of the electromagnetic projection device according to the present invention
  • Figure 9 a view of the diagram of the magnetic fluxes in play
  • FIG. 10 a first variant embodiment of the vent of the field plate and the cylinder head
  • Figure 11 a second embodiment of the vent of the field plate and the cylinder head.
  • This various components are especially designed to be integrated in a housing that can be a replica weapon.
  • This replica weapon comprises at least one barrel for guiding the projectile projected by the projection device according to the present invention.
  • a source of electrical energy must be associated with the projection device according to the invention to allow its operation, said source not forming part of the present invention and remaining within the reach of those skilled in the art .
  • a sleeve 10 which receives inside mobile electromagnetic means 12 and a thrust nose 14.
  • the sheath 10 is of cylindrical inner shape with a diameter Dl.
  • the sheath material is soft iron with very low carbon content or iron / cobalt alloy.
  • annular groove 10-3 is formed on the inner wall of the sheath.
  • the sleeve 10 comprises at least one light, in this case two lights 16-1, 16-2, each arranged along a generatrix, therefore parallel. These lights are open and allow the communication of the inside of the sheath and the outside of said sheath.
  • These lights 16-1, 16-2, have a length L and extend substantially from the rear end 10-2 of the sleeve 10.
  • the sleeve 10 receives the electromagnetic projection means 12 as detailed in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5.
  • These electromagnetic means 12 comprise at the rear end 10-2 of the sleeve 10, a cylinder head 18 made of very low-grade soft iron. in carbon or in iron / cobalt alloy.
  • This yoke is fixed on the rear end of the sheath 10 by means of a countersink of a diameter D 2 ⁇ D 1, receiving the thickness of the sheath so that the cylinder head externally has a diameter D 1 identical to that of the sheath, as shown in FIG. figure 1.
  • This yoke 18 has a second countersink with a diameter D3 ⁇ D2 so as to generate a space E said circulation.
  • this yoke 18 carries, in the preferred embodiment retained, a hole 20 of axial passage, of diameter d, opening on the front side of the yoke 20-1 and the rear side 20-2.
  • the rear face 22 of the breech constitutes the rear of the device.
  • the electromagnetic means 12 further include a permanent magnet 24, attached to the yoke 18 to which it is secured. This permanent magnet takes the form of a cylindrical bar of a diameter equal to D3.
  • the length of the permanent magnet 24 is such that the front end of the magnet 24 is at a distance L1 from the rear face 22 of the yoke 18.
  • This permanent magnet 24 is axially magnetized, that is to say that the front end of the bar constitutes a north pole and the other end, rear, constitutes a south pole.
  • This permanent magnet 24 is pierced with a central axial hole 26, also of a diameter d.
  • a field plate 28 is attached to the permanent magnet 24.
  • This plate 28 field is made of soft iron and this plate is in the form of a ring of outside diameter D3. This plate 28 field is also pierced with a central axial hole, also of diameter d.
  • This stack further comprises a damper 32 in the form of a ring of elastomeric material, for example, attached to the plate 28 field and the same outside diameter.
  • This ring also carries a central hole.
  • the electromagnetic projection means 12 are completed by a piston 34.
  • This piston is of cylindrical section and an outside diameter equal to D2-e and inside equal to D3 + e, e being considered as a gap or a set of operation.
  • the thickness of the piston 34 is therefore substantially equal to the clearance space E close to the games.
  • the piston comprises a zone 34-1 before guiding and a rear zone 34-2 guiding inside the sheath 10. Between these two zones 34-1 front guiding and 34-2 rear guide, a counterbore 36 is formed in the thickness of the piston countersink which receives a winding 38 of a conductive wire, for example copper or aluminum, on at least one layer.
  • a conductive wire for example copper or aluminum
  • the ends 38-1 and 38-2 of the wire constituting this winding 38 are arranged to protrude at the rear of the piston and are connected, each for example by means of a terminal 40-1, 40-2, rigid and conductive at the source of electrical energy, not shown.
  • the connection is for example obtained by a flexible braid 42-1 and 42-2 which connects the source of electrical energy and said rigid and conductive terminals.
  • the rigid terminals 40 provide in addition to the electrical connection, a mechanical guidance and an anti-rotation effect because these terminals 40 are provided to pass through the lights 16-1, 16-2.
  • This head 44 has a teat shape with a rounded end, a maximum diameter ⁇ .
  • the pacifier shape provides an excellent coefficient of penetration into the air.
  • sealing means 46 with respect to the inner surface of the sleeve 10, are carried by said piston 34.
  • These sealing means 46 may be in the form of at least one segment-type seal or in the case shown , in the form of dynamic seals.
  • These dynamic seals consist in providing at least one peripheral groove 48, 3 grooves in line with the zone 34-1 of the front guide in the embodiment shown, in the zone where the space between the piston and the inner surface of the sheath is the weakest e. These grooves are irregularly spaced and optionally have different depths to generate depressions that annihilate any leaks. These grooves avoid the mechanical friction of a segment or a seal.
  • the thrust nose 14 comprises, as shown in detail in FIGS. 5 and 6, a projection tube 50 with a front end 50-1 and a rear end 50-2.
  • the rear end carries a cap 52, coming from manufacture with said tube, this cap having a profile conjugate that of the piston 34 and more particularly of the head 44 of the piston 34 and a diameter ⁇ greater than ⁇ to accommodate said piston .
  • This cap 52 comprises means 54 sealing with the inner wall of the sheath 10, in the form of at least one peripheral groove, in this case two grooves 54-1 and 54-2, intended to each receive a seal 56 O-ring type, 56-1 and 56-2.
  • the cap 52 receives the head 44 of the piston and a reinforcement 58 is formed to the right of the contact surface as shown in Figures 7, in particular.
  • a seal 60 O-ring type is disposed in a groove 62 formed in the inner wall, right of the rear end 50-2 of the tube 50 projection. This zone being possibly reinforced in rigidity by the reinforcement 58, see FIG.
  • This seal 60 is smaller than that of the front tip of the head 44 of the piston to provide a seal with this nose.
  • the thrust nose 14 also comprises means 64 for returning the position.
  • These means 64 of return in position comprise a stop 66 before, arranged and monolithic with the tube, a cup 68, adapted to be mounted on the tube and to bear against said stop, a housing 70 cylindrical, made in two half -coques 70-1 and 70-2, intended to close around said tube 50 projection, and a spring 72 interposed between the rear end of said housing 70 and the cup 68.
  • the two half-shells of the cylindrical casing 70 are held in place by positioning pins and by a peripheral circlip 74 which is housed in a groove 76.
  • the sleeve has received the thrust nose and more particularly the cap 52.
  • the casing 70 is held in the sheath immobile in translation by the circlip 74 which cooperates with the groove 10-3 formed in the sheath.
  • the piston 34 is forward and its head 44 cooperates in conjunction with the inside of the cap 52.
  • the front tip of the head 44 is inserted into the seal 60 carried by the inside of the rear portion 50-2 of the projection tube 50.
  • the spring 72 pushes the tube forward.
  • the piston 34 has its rear portion 34-2 which partially surrounds the bar 24, the concentrator 28 and the damper 32.
  • Fig. 7B when the piston sees its coil 38 fed with a +/- polarity, the created field generates a backward force which moves the piston 34 rearwardly.
  • the sealing means 46 played their role and the piston was perfectly guided in the sleeve 10 by the zones 34-1 and 34-2 during this phase of recoil.
  • a seal in the barrel keeps the ball in position so that it can not move by the movements of the weapon replica alone.
  • Ball B remains in front of the end of the projection tube.
  • Ball B receives pressurized air which launches it and accelerates it during its displacement.
  • the air is compressed during the translational movement of the piston due to the sealing generated by the sealing means 46 of the piston 34 and the seals 56-1, 56-2 of sealing the cap 52.
  • FIG. 8 shows the operating phases of the control method of the device which has just been described.
  • the phase a / corresponds to the phase of compression of the air the piston moving forward with a constant acceleration phase followed by a phase b / braking by inversion of the polarity of the current , just before it came to a stop.
  • the piston retreats slowly during a phase c / consuming very little energy and then the piston is braked in its recoil movement during a phase d /, before returning to the initial position.
  • the displacement of the piston is thus perfectly controlled and controlled to confer a constant acceleration to the end of the race and to limit the energy consumption.
  • This provides flexibility in the movements, without significant shocks to armament or after shooting with the effect of recoil, while retaining the good impressions of the shot and its different phases.
  • vents are formed at the edge of the holes 30 of the concentrator 28 and the outlet of the cylinder head 18.
  • vents facilitate the evacuation of air from the device during the rearward translation of the piston and an introduction of air from outside the device during the forward translation of the same piston.
  • the flows are not turbulent as at the output of a rough hole and do not generate a drag, so energy losses and energy overconsumption.
  • the piston head is teat-shaped for good penetration into the air during movement but the shape can have any improved penetrating profile, these forms of aerodynamic studies within the reach of the man of the art of the domain.
  • the material of the piston may be chosen from composite materials in order to reduce the weight and to limit the disturbances of the magnetic fields, leaving them to act with maximum efficiency.
  • the ends of the conductive wires of the winding 38 can also pass through passages formed through the yoke 18, the lights provided on the sleeve then being removed.
  • the polarities mentioned in the foregoing description have been mentioned +/- and - / + only to indicate a polarity inversion but the direction must be adapted according to the embodiment, the choice of orientation of the permanent magnet inducing the choice of directions of movement, polarities in particular.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The subject matter of the invention is a device for projecting a projectile B using compressed air, in particular provided to be built into a weapon replica, associated with an electric power source, characterised in that it includes a sheath (10) which receives electromagnetic means (12) for moving a piston (34) which is movable in said sheath (10) between a thrust nose (14), sealing the front (10‐1) of said sheath provided with a projection tube, and a breech (18) sealing the rear (10‐2) of said sheath. The invention also relates to a method for controlling said device.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE PROJECTION D'UN PROJECTILE PAR AIR COMPRIME PAR  DEVICE FOR PROJECTING A PROJECTILE BY AIR COMPRESSED BY
COMPRESSION PAR PISTON ELECTROMAGNETIQUE, PROCEDE DE  ELECTROMAGNETIC PISTON COMPRESSION, METHOD OF
PILOTAGE ASSOCIE  ASSOCIATED PILOTAGE
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de projection d'un projectile par air comprimé dont la compression est obtenue par un piston électromagnétique. The present invention relates to a device for projecting a projectile by compressed air whose compression is obtained by an electromagnetic piston.
L'invention couvre aussi un procédé de pilotage du dispositif de projection à compression par piston électromagnétique.  The invention also covers a method of controlling the electromagnetic piston compression projection device.
On connaît une activité sportive et ludique dite "airsoft" qui consiste à utiliser des répliques d'armes et des projectiles notamment à des fins de jeux par équipes. We know a sports and playful activity called "airsoft" which consists of using replicas of weapons and projectiles especially for purposes of team games.
La puissance des projectiles est limitée afin de rester dans le domaine du jeu sportif, ludique et stratégique.  The power of the projectiles is limited to stay in the field of sports, playful and strategic game.
De nombreux agencements ont été proposés au cours du temps.  Many arrangements have been proposed over time.
II existe en effet des agencements qui utilisent des réserves de gaz comprimé afin de propulser le projectile grâce à un volume de gaz sous pression libéré à la demande à partir de la réserve de gaz. Ces réserves peuvent être de dimensions différentes mais un des problèmes est l'encombrement. Soit le volume est suffisant mais le contenant sous pression est encombrant soit il s'agit de cartouches de petit volume mais le nombre possible de tirs est limité. There are indeed arrangements that use reserves of compressed gas to propel the projectile through a volume of pressurized gas released on demand from the gas reserve. These reserves may be of different sizes but one of the problems is congestion. Either the volume is sufficient but the pressurized container is bulky or it is small volume cartridges but the possible number of shots is limited.
II faut de plus soit remplir le contenant sous pression, soit acheter des cartouches, ce qui n'est pas particulièrement satisfaisant. It is also necessary to fill the container under pressure or to buy cartridges, which is not particularly satisfactory.
Un autre agencement, très courant et commercialisé en grand nombre, est basé sur des moyens électromécaniques. Ces moyens électromécaniques comprennent un moteur électrique et un ensemble de pignons entraînés par ledit moteur dite "gear box". Ces pignons ont deux fonctions, l'une d'alimenter un nez de poussée avec un projectile et l'autre de propulser ledit projectile avec de l'air sous pression, à partir du nez de poussée.  Another arrangement, very common and marketed in large numbers, is based on electromechanical means. These electromechanical means comprise an electric motor and a set of pinions driven by said motor called "gear box". These gears have two functions, one to feed a thrust nose with a projectile and the other to propel said projectile with pressurized air, from the thrust nose.
Le nez de poussée est un tube creux, relié de façon étanche à une chambre fixe de pression. L'ensemble étant prévu pour être logé dans une réplique d'arme. The thrust nose is a hollow tube, sealingly connected to a fixed pressure chamber. The set is intended to be housed in a replica weapon.
Ce nez de poussée peut prendre deux positions, une position arrière permettant l'introduction d'une bille devant ledit nez de poussée et une position avant dans laquelle le nez de poussée introduit le projectile dans le canon de la réplique d'arme. Ce projectile, généralement une bille, est positionné devant le nez de poussée à partir d'une réserve. This push nose can take two positions, a rear position allowing the introduction of a ball in front of said thrust nose and a forward position in which the thrust nose introduces the projectile into the barrel of the weapon replica. This projectile, usually a ball, is positioned in front of the thrust nose from a reserve.
La chambre fixe de pression comprend un piston, mobile en translation dans ladite chambre fixe de pression.  The fixed pressure chamber comprises a piston movable in translation in said fixed pressure chamber.
La partie avant du piston mobile porte des moyens d'étanchéité avec la chambre fixe dans laquelle il est mobile en translation. L'arrière du piston prend appui sur une extrémité d'un ressort interposé entre l'arrière dudit piston, l'autre extrémité du ressort prenant appui sur le fond d'un carter dans lequel est disposé l'ensemble des moyens électromagnétiques. The front part of the movable piston carries sealing means with the fixed chamber in which it is movable in translation. The rear of the piston is supported on one end of a spring interposed between the rear of said piston, the other end of the spring bearing against the bottom of a housing in which is disposed all the electromagnetic means.
Les pignons et le moteur assurent le déplacement du piston dans la chambre fixe de pression vers l'arrière de la chambre, généralement au moyen d'une crémaillère, ce qui comprime le ressort et lorsque le piston est reculé au maximum de sa translation, le ressort se trouve également comprimé au maximum, simultanément. The gears and the motor ensure the displacement of the piston in the fixed chamber of pressure towards the rear of the chamber, generally by means of a rack, which compresses the spring and when the piston is moved back to the maximum of its translation, the spring is also compressed to the maximum, simultaneously.
Le pignon d'entraînement du piston est muni d'une plage sans denture, si bien que lors de sa rotation, immédiatement après la compression maximale, ledit pignon libère le piston qui se trouve propulsé vers l'avant dans la chambre sous l'effet de la détente du ressort. Ce déplacement comprime l'air dans ladite chambre. Ceci accélère donc très fortement l'air dans le nez de poussée et cet air propulse alors le projectile, en l'occurrence la bille dans le canon. Ce mécanisme est très intéressant car il utilise l'énergie électrique qui peut être stockée dans des accus ou des piles pour alimenter le moteur.  The piston drive pinion is provided with a toothless pad, so that when it is rotated immediately after the maximum compression, said pinion releases the piston which is propelled forwards into the chamber under the effect the relaxation of the spring. This displacement compresses the air in said chamber. This accelerates very strongly the air in the nose of thrust and this air then propels the projectile, in this case the ball in the barrel. This mechanism is very interesting because it uses electrical energy that can be stored in batteries or batteries to power the engine.
Ce type d'énergie est très pratique, aisément disponible, aisément rechargeable, avec une bonne autonomie. Par contre, la poussée est directement tributaire du ressort et on sait qu'un ressort a des propriétés qui varient au cours du temps, qui varient en fonction de la température. Surtout un ressort présente un inconvénient majeur, celui de libérer une poussée qui est irrégulière avec une forte puissance en début de poussée et avec une atténuation en fin de course. This type of energy is very practical, easily available, easily rechargeable, with good autonomy. By cons, the thrust is directly dependent on the spring and it is known that a spring has properties that vary over time, which vary depending on the temperature. Especially a spring has a major disadvantage, that of releasing a thrust that is irregular with high power at the beginning of thrust and with an attenuation at the end of the race.
Enfin, les moyens électromécaniques sont néanmoins fortement consommateurs d'énergie notamment du fait des frottements  Finally, the electromechanical means are nonetheless strongly energy-consuming in particular because of friction
Or, il faudrait au contraire disposer soit d'une force libérée constante, soit progressive afin de lancer la bille en vainquant l'inertie puis en accélérant ladite bille une fois mise en déplacement, c'est-à-dire avoir la maîtrise de l'accélération de la bille afin d'optimiser le transfert d'énergie. De même, la libération du ressort/piston comme la butée du ressort/piston en fin de course conduisent à un défaut flagrant de souplesse induisant sur la précision du tir et pour le moins sur le confort du tireur. However, it would be necessary instead to have a constant released force, or progressive to launch the ball by overcoming the inertia and accelerating said ball once moved, that is to say have the control of the ball. ball acceleration to optimize energy transfer. Likewise, the release of the spring / piston as the stop of the spring / piston at the end of the race leads to a flagrant defect of flexibility inducing on the accuracy of the shot and at least on the comfort of the shooter.
Ce domaine est donc à la recherche d'un mécanisme qui conserve les avantages de l'énergie électrique, qui diminue au maximum la consommation de façon à augmenter la capacité du nombre de tirs ou pour une même capacité alléger le poids de la réplique d'arme, qui ne génère pas ou peu de vibrations, chocs et bruits.  This area is therefore looking for a mechanism that retains the advantages of electrical energy, which minimizes consumption to increase the capacity of the number of shots or for the same capacity to lighten the weight of the replica of weapon, which does not generate or few vibrations, shocks and noises.
En effet, il serait utile de diminuer le bruit du mécanisme, sachant que les moyens électromécaniques émettent nécessairement un certain bruit, du fait de l'engrènement des pignons, surtout dans un volume fermé faisant caisse de résonnance, ce qui diminue la furtivité du tireur.  Indeed, it would be useful to reduce the noise of the mechanism, knowing that the electromechanical means necessarily emit a certain noise, because of the meshing of the gears, especially in a closed volume making sound box, which reduces the stealth of the shooter .
Le domaine est surtout à la recherche de performances techniques qui consistent pour une même puissance consommée à délivrer la puissance optimale donc à améliorer le rendement de projection du projectile.  The field is primarily looking for technical performance that consist of the same power consumed to deliver the optimal power and therefore to improve the projection efficiency of the projectile.
C'est ainsi que la présente invention permet de pallier les problèmes de l'art antérieur, d'apporter des caractéristiques nouvelles et même de proposer un pilotage du dispositif de projection. Thus, the present invention makes it possible to overcome the problems of the prior art, to provide new features and even to provide control of the projection device.
Le dispositif et son procédé de pilotage sont maintenant décrits en détail suivant un mode de réalisation particulier, non limitatif, cette description étant établie en regard des dessins annexés. Sur ces dessins, les différentes figures représentent :  The device and its driving method are now described in detail according to a particular embodiment, not limiting, this description being established with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these drawings, the different figures represent:
Figure 1 : une vue en perspective du dispositif de projection selon la présente invention,  Figure 1 is a perspective view of the projection device according to the present invention,
Figure 2 : une vue éclatée des différents constituants dudit dispositif représenté sur la figure 1,  FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the various constituents of said device represented in FIG.
- Figure 3 : une vue en coupe de détail, en éclaté du piston mobile, du noyau et du concentrateur de champ,  - Figure 3: a detail sectional view, exploded of the movable piston, the core and the field concentrator,
Figure 4 : une vue en coupe de détail des moyens électromagnétiques de projection, après montage,  FIG. 4: a detail sectional view of the electromagnetic projection means, after assembly,
Figure 5 : une vue en perspective éclatée du nez de poussée,  Figure 5: an exploded perspective view of the thrust nose,
- Figure 6 : une vue en coupe du nez de poussée, après montage,  - Figure 6: a sectional view of the thrust nose, after assembly,
Figures 7A à 7E : un synoptique basique de fonctionnement du dispositif de projection électromagnétique selon la présente invention, Figure 8 : un diagramme de phases illustrant le procédé de pilotage du dispositif de projection électromagnétique selon la présente invention, FIGS. 7A to 7E: a basic block diagram of the operation of the electromagnetic projection device according to the present invention, FIG. 8: a phase diagram illustrating the control method of the electromagnetic projection device according to the present invention,
Figure 9 : une vue du schéma des flux magnétiques en jeu,  Figure 9: a view of the diagram of the magnetic fluxes in play,
Figure 10 : une première variante de réalisation de l'évent de la plaque de champ et de la culasse,  FIG. 10: a first variant embodiment of the vent of the field plate and the cylinder head,
Figure 11 : une deuxième variante de réalisation de l'évent de la plaque de champ et de la culasse.  Figure 11: a second embodiment of the vent of the field plate and the cylinder head.
La présente invention est maintenant décrite en regard des figures 1 et 2 afin de définir les parties constituantes du dispositif de projection électromagnétique selon la présente invention.  The present invention is now described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 to define the constituent parts of the electromagnetic projection device according to the present invention.
Ces différents constituants sont notamment conçus pour être intégrés dans un carter qui peut être une réplique d'arme. Cette réplique d'arme comporte au moins un canon destiné à guider le projectile projeté par le dispositif de projection selon la présente invention.  These various components are especially designed to be integrated in a housing that can be a replica weapon. This replica weapon comprises at least one barrel for guiding the projectile projected by the projection device according to the present invention.
Une source d'énergie électrique, non représentée, doit être associée au dispositif de projection selon l'invention pour en permettre son fonctionnement, ladite source ne faisant pas partie de la présente invention et restant à la portée de l'homme de l'art. A source of electrical energy, not shown, must be associated with the projection device according to the invention to allow its operation, said source not forming part of the present invention and remaining within the reach of those skilled in the art .
Sur ces figures, on a représenté un fourreau 10 qui reçoit à l'intérieur des moyens 12 électromagnétiques mobiles et un nez de poussée 14. In these figures, there is shown a sleeve 10 which receives inside mobile electromagnetic means 12 and a thrust nose 14.
Le fourreau 10 est de forme intérieure cylindrique d'un diamètre Dl. De façon préférentielle le matériau du fourreau est en fer doux à très faible teneur en carbone ou en alliage de fer/cobalt.  The sheath 10 is of cylindrical inner shape with a diameter Dl. Preferably the sheath material is soft iron with very low carbon content or iron / cobalt alloy.
A proximité de l'extrémité 10-1 avant du fourreau, une gorge 10-3 annulaire est ménagée sur la paroi interne du fourreau.  Near the front end 10-1 of the sheath, an annular groove 10-3 is formed on the inner wall of the sheath.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le fourreau 10 comporte au moins une lumière, en l'occurrence deux lumières 16-1, 16-2, disposées chacune suivant une génératrice, donc parallèles. Ces lumières sont débouchantes et permettent la mise en communication de l'intérieur du fourreau et l'extérieur dudit fourreau.  According to a particular embodiment, the sleeve 10 comprises at least one light, in this case two lights 16-1, 16-2, each arranged along a generatrix, therefore parallel. These lights are open and allow the communication of the inside of the sheath and the outside of said sheath.
Ces lumières 16-1, 16-2, ont une longueur L et se prolongent sensiblement à partir de l'extrémité 10-2 arrière du fourreau 10.  These lights 16-1, 16-2, have a length L and extend substantially from the rear end 10-2 of the sleeve 10.
Le fourreau 10 reçoit les moyens 12 électromagnétiques de projection ainsi que détaillé sur les figures 3, 4 et 5. Ces moyens 12 électromagnétiques comprennent à l'extrémité 10-2 arrière du fourreau 10, une culasse 18 réalisée en fer doux à très faible teneur en carbone ou en alliage de fer/cobalt. Cette culasse est fixée sur l'extrémité arrière du fourreau 10 grâce à un lamage d'un diamètre D2<D1, recevant l'épaisseur du fourreau si bien que la culasse présente extérieurement un diamètre Dl identique à celui du fourreau, comme montré sur la figure 1. The sleeve 10 receives the electromagnetic projection means 12 as detailed in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5. These electromagnetic means 12 comprise at the rear end 10-2 of the sleeve 10, a cylinder head 18 made of very low-grade soft iron. in carbon or in iron / cobalt alloy. This yoke is fixed on the rear end of the sheath 10 by means of a countersink of a diameter D 2 <D 1, receiving the thickness of the sheath so that the cylinder head externally has a diameter D 1 identical to that of the sheath, as shown in FIG. figure 1.
Cette culasse 18 comporte un second lamage d'un diamètre D3<D2 de façon à générer un espace E dit de circulation. This yoke 18 has a second countersink with a diameter D3 <D2 so as to generate a space E said circulation.
De façon préférentielle, cette culasse 18 porte, dans le mode de réalisation préférentiel retenu, un trou 20 de passage axial, de diamètre d, débouchant du côté avant de la culasse en 20-1 et du côté arrière en 20-2. La face 22 arrière de la culasse constitue l'arrière du dispositif. Les moyens 12 électromagnétiques comprennent de plus un aimant 24 permanent, rapporté sur la culasse 18 à laquelle il est solidarisé. Cet aimant 24 permanent prend la forme d'un barreau cylindrique d'un diamètre égal à D3.  Preferably, this yoke 18 carries, in the preferred embodiment retained, a hole 20 of axial passage, of diameter d, opening on the front side of the yoke 20-1 and the rear side 20-2. The rear face 22 of the breech constitutes the rear of the device. The electromagnetic means 12 further include a permanent magnet 24, attached to the yoke 18 to which it is secured. This permanent magnet takes the form of a cylindrical bar of a diameter equal to D3.
La longueur de l'aimant 24 permanent est telle que l'extrémité avant de l'aimant 24 se situe à une distance Ll de la face 22 arrière de la culasse 18.  The length of the permanent magnet 24 is such that the front end of the magnet 24 is at a distance L1 from the rear face 22 of the yoke 18.
Cet aimant 24 permanent est à aimantation axiale c'est-à-dire que l'extrémité avant du barreau constitue un pôle nord et l'autre extrémité, arrière, constitue un pôle sud. This permanent magnet 24 is axially magnetized, that is to say that the front end of the bar constitutes a north pole and the other end, rear, constitutes a south pole.
Cet aimant 24 permanent est percé d'un trou 26 axial, central, également d'un diamètre d. This permanent magnet 24 is pierced with a central axial hole 26, also of a diameter d.
Une plaque 28 de champ est rapportée sur l'aimant 24 permanent. Cette plaque 28 de champ est réalisée en fer doux et cette plaque se présente sous la forme d'un anneau de diamètre extérieur D3. Cette plaque 28 de champ est également percée d'un trou 30 axial, central, également de diamètre d. A field plate 28 is attached to the permanent magnet 24. This plate 28 field is made of soft iron and this plate is in the form of a ring of outside diameter D3. This plate 28 field is also pierced with a central axial hole, also of diameter d.
Cet empilage comprend de plus un amortisseur 32 sous forme d'un anneau en matériau élastomère par exemple, rapporté sur la plaque 28 de champ et de même diamètre extérieur. Cette anneau porte également un trou central.  This stack further comprises a damper 32 in the form of a ring of elastomeric material, for example, attached to the plate 28 field and the same outside diameter. This ring also carries a central hole.
Les moyens 12 électromagnétiques de projection sont complétés par un piston 34. Ce piston est de section cylindrique et d'un diamètre extérieur égal à D2-e et intérieur égal à D3+e, e étant considéré comme un entrefer ou un jeu de fonctionnement. L'épaisseur du piston 34 est donc sensiblement égale à l'espace E de circulation aux jeux e près. The electromagnetic projection means 12 are completed by a piston 34. This piston is of cylindrical section and an outside diameter equal to D2-e and inside equal to D3 + e, e being considered as a gap or a set of operation. The thickness of the piston 34 is therefore substantially equal to the clearance space E close to the games.
Avantageusement, le piston comprend une zone 34-1 avant de guidage et un zone 34-2 arrière de guidage à l'intérieur du fourreau 10. Entre ces deux zones 34-1 avant de guidage et 34-2 arrière de guidage, un lamage 36 est ménagé dans l'épaisseur du piston, lamage qui reçoit un enroulement 38 d'un fil conducteur, par exemple en cuivre ou en aluminium, sur au moins une couche. Advantageously, the piston comprises a zone 34-1 before guiding and a rear zone 34-2 guiding inside the sheath 10. Between these two zones 34-1 front guiding and 34-2 rear guide, a counterbore 36 is formed in the thickness of the piston countersink which receives a winding 38 of a conductive wire, for example copper or aluminum, on at least one layer.
Les extrémités 38-1 et 38-2 du fil constituant cet enroulement 38 sont agencées pour faire saillie à l'arrière du piston et sont reliées, chacune par exemple au moyen d'une borne 40-1, 40-2, rigide et conductrice, à la source d'énergie électrique, non représentée. La liaison est par exemple obtenue par une tresse souple 42-1 et 42-2 qui relie la source d'énergie électrique et lesdites bornes rigides et conductrices.  The ends 38-1 and 38-2 of the wire constituting this winding 38 are arranged to protrude at the rear of the piston and are connected, each for example by means of a terminal 40-1, 40-2, rigid and conductive at the source of electrical energy, not shown. The connection is for example obtained by a flexible braid 42-1 and 42-2 which connects the source of electrical energy and said rigid and conductive terminals.
Les bornes 40 rigides assurent en plus de la liaison électrique, un guidage mécanique et un effet anti-rotation car ces bornes 40 sont prévues pour passer à travers les lumières 16-1, 16- 2.  The rigid terminals 40 provide in addition to the electrical connection, a mechanical guidance and an anti-rotation effect because these terminals 40 are provided to pass through the lights 16-1, 16-2.
En amont de la zone 34-1 avant de guidage, sur l'avant du piston 34, il est prévu une tête 44 de piston, venue de fabrication avec ledit piston 34.  Upstream of the zone 34-1 before guiding, on the front of the piston 34, there is provided a piston head 44, coming from manufacture with said piston 34.
Cette tête 44 présente une forme de tétine avec une extrémité arrondie, d'un diamètre maximal φ.  This head 44 has a teat shape with a rounded end, a maximum diameter φ.
La forme de tétine assure un excellent coefficient de pénétration dans l'air.  The pacifier shape provides an excellent coefficient of penetration into the air.
Avantageusement, des moyens 46 d'étanchéité par rapport à la surface intérieure du fourreau 10, sont portés par ledit piston 34. Ces moyens 46 d'étanchéité peuvent se présenter sous forme d'au moins un joint du type segment ou dans le cas représenté, sous forme de joints dynamiques. Advantageously, sealing means 46 with respect to the inner surface of the sleeve 10, are carried by said piston 34. These sealing means 46 may be in the form of at least one segment-type seal or in the case shown , in the form of dynamic seals.
Ces joints dynamiques consistent à ménager au moins une gorge 48 périphérique, 3 gorges au droit de la zone 34-1 de guidage avant dans le mode de réalisation représenté, dans la zone où l'espace entre le piston et la surface intérieure du fourreau est la plus faible e. Ces gorges sont espacées de façon irrégulière et présentent éventuellement des profondeurs différentes afin de générer des dépressions qui annihilent les fuites éventuelles. Ces gorges évitent les frottements mécaniques d'un segment ou d'un joint.  These dynamic seals consist in providing at least one peripheral groove 48, 3 grooves in line with the zone 34-1 of the front guide in the embodiment shown, in the zone where the space between the piston and the inner surface of the sheath is the weakest e. These grooves are irregularly spaced and optionally have different depths to generate depressions that annihilate any leaks. These grooves avoid the mechanical friction of a segment or a seal.
Le nez 14 de poussée comporte, comme montré en détail sur les figures 5 et 6, un tube 50 de projection avec une extrémité 50-1 avant et une extrémité 50-2 arrière.  The thrust nose 14 comprises, as shown in detail in FIGS. 5 and 6, a projection tube 50 with a front end 50-1 and a rear end 50-2.
L'extrémité arrière porte une coiffe 52, venue de fabrication avec ledit tube, cette coiffe ayant un profil conjugué de celui du piston 34 et plus particulièrement de la tête 44 du piston 34 et d'un diamètre Φ supérieur à φ pour accueillir ledit piston. Cette coiffe 52 comprend des moyens 54 d'étanchéité avec la paroi intérieure du fourreau 10, sous la forme d'au moins une gorge périphérique, en l'occurrence deux gorges 54-1 et 54-2, destinées à recevoir chacune un joint 56 du type joint torique, 56-1 et 56-2. The rear end carries a cap 52, coming from manufacture with said tube, this cap having a profile conjugate that of the piston 34 and more particularly of the head 44 of the piston 34 and a diameter Φ greater than φ to accommodate said piston . This cap 52 comprises means 54 sealing with the inner wall of the sheath 10, in the form of at least one peripheral groove, in this case two grooves 54-1 and 54-2, intended to each receive a seal 56 O-ring type, 56-1 and 56-2.
Ces joints toriques assurent l'étanchéité avec la surface intérieure du fourreau 10. La coiffe 52 reçoit la tête 44 du piston et un renfort 58 est ménagé au droit de la surface de contact comme montré sur les figures 7, notamment. These O-rings seal with the inner surface of the sleeve 10. The cap 52 receives the head 44 of the piston and a reinforcement 58 is formed to the right of the contact surface as shown in Figures 7, in particular.
Un joint 60, du type joint torique est disposé dans une gorge 62 ménagée dans la paroi intérieure, au droit de l'extrémité 50-2 arrière du tube 50 de projection. Cette zone étant éventuellement renforcée en rigidité par le renfort 58, voir figure 6.  A seal 60, O-ring type is disposed in a groove 62 formed in the inner wall, right of the rear end 50-2 of the tube 50 projection. This zone being possibly reinforced in rigidity by the reinforcement 58, see FIG.
Le diamètre intérieur de ce joint 60 est inférieur à celui de la pointe avant de la tête 44 du piston afin de venir assurer une étanchéité avec cette pointe avant. The inner diameter of this seal 60 is smaller than that of the front tip of the head 44 of the piston to provide a seal with this nose.
Le nez 14 de poussée comporte également des moyens 64 de rappel en position.  The thrust nose 14 also comprises means 64 for returning the position.
Ces moyens 64 de rappel en position comprennent une butée 66 avant, ménagée et monolithique avec le tube, une coupelle 68, apte à venir se monter sur le tube et à venir en appui contre ladite butée, un carter 70 cylindrique, réalisé en deux demi-coques 70-1 et 70-2, destinées à venir se fermer autour dudit tube 50 de projection, et un ressort 72 interposé entre l'extrémité arrière dudit carter 70 et la coupelle 68.  These means 64 of return in position comprise a stop 66 before, arranged and monolithic with the tube, a cup 68, adapted to be mounted on the tube and to bear against said stop, a housing 70 cylindrical, made in two half -coques 70-1 and 70-2, intended to close around said tube 50 projection, and a spring 72 interposed between the rear end of said housing 70 and the cup 68.
Les deux demi-coques du carter 70 cylindrique sont maintenues en place par des ergots de positionnement et par un circlip 74 périphérique qui se loge dans une gorge 76.  The two half-shells of the cylindrical casing 70 are held in place by positioning pins and by a peripheral circlip 74 which is housed in a groove 76.
L'agencement est représenté une fois monté sur les figures 7. The arrangement is shown once mounted in FIGS.
Le fonctionnement basique est représenté sur le synoptique de ces figures 7.  The basic operation is shown in the block diagram of these figures 7.
Sur la figure 7A, le fourreau a reçu le nez de poussée et plus particulièrement la coiffe 52. Le carter 70 est maintenu dans le fourreau immobile en translation par le circlip 74 qui coopère avec la gorge 10-3 ménagée dans le fourreau.  In FIG. 7A, the sleeve has received the thrust nose and more particularly the cap 52. The casing 70 is held in the sheath immobile in translation by the circlip 74 which cooperates with the groove 10-3 formed in the sheath.
Le piston 34 est vers l'avant et sa tête 44 coopère de façon conjuguée avec l'intérieur de la coiffe 52. La pointe avant de la tête 44 est introduite dans le joint 60 porté par l'intérieur de la partie arrière 50-2 du tube 50 de projection. The piston 34 is forward and its head 44 cooperates in conjunction with the inside of the cap 52. The front tip of the head 44 is inserted into the seal 60 carried by the inside of the rear portion 50-2 of the projection tube 50.
Le ressort 72 pousse le tube vers l'avant.  The spring 72 pushes the tube forward.
Le piston 34 a sa partie arrière 34-2 qui entoure partiellement le barreau 24, le concentrateur 28 et l'amortisseur 32. Sur la figure 7B, lorsque le piston voit son enroulement 38 alimenté en courant avec une polarité +/-, le champ créé génère une force vers l'arrière qui déplace le piston 34 vers l'arrière. The piston 34 has its rear portion 34-2 which partially surrounds the bar 24, the concentrator 28 and the damper 32. In Fig. 7B, when the piston sees its coil 38 fed with a +/- polarity, the created field generates a backward force which moves the piston 34 rearwardly.
Le retrait du piston provoque une dépression d'air au droit de la tête 44 et dans le tube 50 de projection ainsi qu'un frottement sur le joint 60, ce qui assure un retrait du tube 50 de projection à rencontre de l'effort de rappel du ressort 72. Ce recul permet l'introduction d'une bille B devant l'extrémité avant du tube 50 de projection.  The withdrawal of the piston causes an air depression to the right of the head 44 and in the projection tube 50 and a friction on the seal 60, which ensures a withdrawal of the tube 50 of projection against the effort of recall of the spring 72. This retraction allows the introduction of a ball B in front of the front end of the tube 50 projection.
Lors du recul du piston 34, l'air de la chambre à l'arrière du piston est évacué à travers la succession de trous de diamètre d, 20, 26, 30, y compris à travers l'anneau amortisseur. Sur la figure 7C, le piston 34 est reculé au maximum et se trouve en butée sur l'amortisseur 32 par l'intérieur de la tête 44 du piston 34.  During the retreat of the piston 34, the air from the chamber at the rear of the piston is discharged through the succession of holes of diameter d, 20, 26, 30, including through the damping ring. In FIG. 7C, the piston 34 is moved as far back as possible and is in abutment with the damper 32 from the inside of the head 44 of the piston 34.
Les moyens 46 d'étanchéité ont joué leur rôle et le piston a été parfaitement guidé dans le fourreau 10 par les zones 34-1 et 34-2 durant cette phase de recul.  The sealing means 46 played their role and the piston was perfectly guided in the sleeve 10 by the zones 34-1 and 34-2 during this phase of recoil.
Durant cette phase, après un recul de course très limité, sensiblement le diamètre de la bille B, le tube 50 de projection a été ramené vers l'avant par le ressort 72 et la bille se trouve positionnée immédiatement devant l'extrémité 50-1 avant du tube 50 de projection. During this phase, after a very limited stroke back, substantially the diameter of the ball B, the projection tube 50 has been brought forward by the spring 72 and the ball is positioned immediately in front of the end 50-1 before the projection tube 50.
Généralement un joint dans le canon maintient la bille en position afin qu'elle ne puisse pas ses déplacer par les seuls mouvements de la réplique d'arme. Generally a seal in the barrel keeps the ball in position so that it can not move by the movements of the weapon replica alone.
La bille B reste devant l'extrémité du tube de projection.  Ball B remains in front of the end of the projection tube.
Sur la figure 7D, la polarité du courant est inversée -/+ et lors de l'alimentation, le piston 34 est déplacé vers l'avant avec une force très importante du fait de la superposition quasi intégrale de l'enroulement 38 dudit piston et de l'aimant 24 permanent. In FIG. 7D, the polarity of the current is reversed - / + and during the supply, the piston 34 is moved forward with a very great force due to the almost complete superimposition of the winding 38 of said piston and of the permanent magnet 24.
La bille B reçoit de l'air sous pression qui la lance et l'accélère durant son déplacement.  Ball B receives pressurized air which launches it and accelerates it during its displacement.
L'air est comprimé lors du mouvement de translation du piston du fait de l'étanchéité générée par les moyens 46 d'étanchéité du piston 34 et par les joints 56-1, 56-2 d'étanchéité de la coiffe 52.  The air is compressed during the translational movement of the piston due to the sealing generated by the sealing means 46 of the piston 34 and the seals 56-1, 56-2 of sealing the cap 52.
Durant l'avancée du piston jusqu'à la mise en butée dans la coiffe du piston, voir figure 7E, la vitesse augmente, la pression se maintient, ce qui assure la projection de la bille, déjà lancée à grande vitesse, l'accélération étant constante durant le déplacement actif du piston.  During the advance of the piston to the abutment in the piston cap, see Figure 7E, the speed increases, the pressure is maintained, which ensures the projection of the ball, already launched at high speed, the acceleration being constant during the active movement of the piston.
Le fonctionnement permet d'atteindre un excellent rendement énergétique de près de 90%. Sur la figure 8, on a représenté les phases de fonctionnement du procédé de pilotage du dispositif qui vient d'être décrit. Sur cette figure, la phase a/ correspond à la phase de compression de l'air le piston se déplaçant vers l'avant avec une phase d'accélération maintenue constante suivie d'une phase b/ de freinage par inversion de la polarité du courant, juste avant son arrivée en butée. Ensuite, le piston recule lentement au cours d'une phase c/ consommant très peu d'énergie puis le piston est freiné dans son mouvement de recul durant une phase d/, avant son retour à la position initiale. The operation achieves an excellent energy efficiency of nearly 90%. FIG. 8 shows the operating phases of the control method of the device which has just been described. In this figure, the phase a / corresponds to the phase of compression of the air the piston moving forward with a constant acceleration phase followed by a phase b / braking by inversion of the polarity of the current , just before it came to a stop. Then, the piston retreats slowly during a phase c / consuming very little energy and then the piston is braked in its recoil movement during a phase d /, before returning to the initial position.
Le déplacement du piston est ainsi parfaitement piloté et contrôlé pour conférer une accélération constante jusqu'au bout de la course et pour limiter la consommation énergétique.  The displacement of the piston is thus perfectly controlled and controlled to confer a constant acceleration to the end of the race and to limit the energy consumption.
Ceci assure une souplesse dans les mouvements, sans chocs trop importants ni à l'armement ni après le tir avec l'effet de recul, tout en conservant les bonnes impressions du tir et de ses différentes phases. This provides flexibility in the movements, without significant shocks to armament or after shooting with the effect of recoil, while retaining the good impressions of the shot and its different phases.
Les lignes de champ magnétique et les efforts induits sont symbolisées sur la figure 9 pour une meilleure visualisation des phénomènes.  The magnetic field lines and the induced forces are symbolized in FIG. 9 for a better visualization of the phenomena.
De façon à améliorer le rendement, les pertes sont diminuées, notamment par la présence d'évents sur deux variantes représentées sur les figures 10 et 11. In order to improve the efficiency, the losses are reduced, in particular by the presence of vents on two variants shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
Ces évents sont ménagés au bord des trous 30 du concentrateur 28 et de sortie de la culasse 18.  These vents are formed at the edge of the holes 30 of the concentrator 28 and the outlet of the cylinder head 18.
Ces évents facilitent l'évacuation de l'air hors du dispositif lors de la translation arrière du piston et une introduction de l'air de l'extérieur du dispositif lors de la translation avant de ce même piston. En effet, les écoulements ne sont pas turbulents comme en sortie d'un trou brut et ne génèrent pas une traînée, donc des pertes d'énergie donc une surconsommation d'énergie.  These vents facilitate the evacuation of air from the device during the rearward translation of the piston and an introduction of air from outside the device during the forward translation of the same piston. Indeed, the flows are not turbulent as at the output of a rough hole and do not generate a drag, so energy losses and energy overconsumption.
De façon identique, la tête du piston est en forme de tétine pour un bonne pénétration dans l'air lors du déplacement mais la forme peut présenter tout profil pénétrant amélioré, ces formes relevant d'études aérodynamiques à la portée de l'homme de l'art du domaine. Le matériau du piston peut être choisi parmi les matériaux composites afin de diminuer le poids et de limiter les perturbations des champs magnétiques, les laissant agir avec une efficacité maximale.  Similarly, the piston head is teat-shaped for good penetration into the air during movement but the shape can have any improved penetrating profile, these forms of aerodynamic studies within the reach of the man of the art of the domain. The material of the piston may be chosen from composite materials in order to reduce the weight and to limit the disturbances of the magnetic fields, leaving them to act with maximum efficiency.
Selon une variante d'agencement, les extrémités des fils conducteurs de l'enroulement 38 peuvent aussi passer à travers des passages ménagés à travers la culasse 18, les lumières ménagées sur le fourreau étant alors supprimées. Les polarités mentionnées dans la description qui précède ont été mentionnées +/- et -/+ uniquement pour indiquer une inversion de polarité mais le sens doit être adapté en fonction du mode de réalisation, le choix de l'orientation de l'aimant permanent induisant le choix des sens de déplacements, des polarités notamment. According to an alternative arrangement, the ends of the conductive wires of the winding 38 can also pass through passages formed through the yoke 18, the lights provided on the sleeve then being removed. The polarities mentioned in the foregoing description have been mentioned +/- and - / + only to indicate a polarity inversion but the direction must be adapted according to the embodiment, the choice of orientation of the permanent magnet inducing the choice of directions of movement, polarities in particular.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé, notamment prévu pour être intégré dans une réplique d'arme, associé à une source d'énergie électrique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un fourreau (10) qui reçoit à l'intérieur des moyens (12) électromagnétiques de déplacement d'un piston (34) mobile dans ledit fourreau (10) entre un nez de poussée (14), obturant l'avant (10-1) dudit fourreau muni d'un tube (50) de projection et une culasse (18) obturant l'arrière (10-2) dudit fourreau. 1. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air, in particular intended to be integrated in a replica weapon, associated with a source of electrical energy, characterized in that it comprises a sleeve (10) which receives at inside the electromagnetic means (12) for moving a piston (34) movable in said sheath (10) between a thrust nose (14), closing the front (10-1) of said sheath provided with a tube (50) and a yoke (18) closing the rear (10-2) of said sheath.
2. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (12) électromagnétiques de déplacement d'un piston (34) mobile comprennent un aimant (24) permanent, solidaire de ladite culasse (18) et un enroulement (38) d'un fil conducteur, disposé sur le piston (34) et relié électriquement à la source d'énergie électrique.  2. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic means (12) for moving a piston (34) movable comprise a magnet (24) permanent, integral with said cylinder head (18) and a winding (38) of a conductive wire disposed on the piston (34) and electrically connected to the source of electrical energy.
3. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fourreau (10) comprend au moins une lumière (16-1, 16-2), disposée suivant une génératrice dudit fourreau et débouchante et les extrémités (38-1, 38-2) du fil conducteur constituant cet enroulement (38) sont en saillie à l'arrière du piston (34) et sont solidaires chacune d'une borne (40-1, 40-2), rigide et conductrice, solidaire de l'arrière dudit piston (34).  3. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath (10) comprises at least one lumen (16-1, 16-2) arranged along a generatrix of said sheath and opening and the ends (38-1, 38-2) of the conductor wire constituting this winding (38) project from the rear of the piston (34) and are each integral with a terminal (40-1, 40-2). rigid and conductive, integral with the rear of said piston (34).
4. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (12) électromagnétiques de déplacement d'un piston (34) mobile dans ledit fourreau (10) comprennent un concentrateur de champ associé à l'aimant permanent.  4. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the means (12) electromagnetic displacement of a piston (34) movable in said sleeve (10) comprise a field concentrator associated with the permanent magnet.
5. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon l'une des revendications 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la culasse (18), l'aimant (24) permanent et la plaque (28) de champ portent un trou (20, 26, 30).  5. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to one of claims 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the yoke (18), the magnet (24) permanent and the plate (28) of field carry a hole (20, 26, 30).
6. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les trous de la plaque (28) de champ et de la culasse (18) sur la face (22) arrière portent un évent. 6. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to claim 5, characterized in that the holes of the plate (28) field and the yoke (18) on the face (22) rear carry a vent.
7. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le piston (34) porte des moyens (46) d'étanchéité par rapport à la surface intérieure du fourreau (10). 7. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (34) carries means (46) for sealing with respect to the inner surface of the sheath (10). ).
8. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (46) d'étanchéité par rapport à la surface intérieure du fourreau (10) sont des joints dynamiques sous forme d'au moins une gorge (48) périphérique.  8. Apparatus for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to claim 7, characterized in that the means (46) for sealing with respect to the inner surface of the sheath (10) are dynamic seals in the form of less than a peripheral groove (48).
9. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le nez (14) de poussée comporte un tube (50) de projection avec une extrémité (50-1) avant et une extrémité (50-2) arrière, une coiffe (52) ayant un profil conjugué de celui du piston (34), des moyens (54) d'étanchéité avec la paroi intérieure du fourreau (10), et des moyens (64) de rappel en position dudit tube (50) de projection.  9. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nose (14) of thrust comprises a tube (50) projection with a end (50-1) before and a rear end (50-2), a cap (52) having a profile conjugate with that of the piston (34), sealing means (54) with the inner wall of the sheath (10), and means (64) ) return in position of said tube (50) projection.
10. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (64) de rappel en position comprennent une butée (66) avant, ménagée et monolithique avec le tube (50), une coupelle (68), apte à venir se monter sur ledit tube et à venir en appui contre ladite butée, un carter (70) cylindrique, réalisé en deux demi-coques (70-1, 70-2), solidarisées par un circlip (74) périphérique et destinées à venir se fermer autour dudit tube (50) de projection, et un ressort (72) interposé entre l'extrémité arrière dudit carter (70) et la coupelle (68).  10. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to claim 9, characterized in that the means (64) for return in position comprise a stop (66) before, arranged and monolithic with the tube (50), a cup (68), adapted to be mounted on said tube and bearing against said stop, a housing (70) cylindrical, made in two half-shells (70-1, 70-2), secured by a circlip ( 74) and intended to close around said projection tube (50), and a spring (72) interposed between the rear end of said housing (70) and the cup (68).
11. Dispositif de projection d'un projectile B par air comprimé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fourreau (10) et la culasse (18) sont en matériau métallique choisi parmi le fer doux à très faible teneur en carbone ou un alliage de fer/cobalt.  11. Device for projecting a projectile B by compressed air according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath (10) and the yoke (18) are made of metallic material selected from soft iron with very low content carbon or an alloy of iron / cobalt.
12. Procédé de pilotage du dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à réaliser les étapes suivantes :  12. Control method of the device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists in carrying out the following steps:
Alimenter avec une polarité +/- l'enroulement (38) du piston (34) dans le fourreau (10) pour provoquer son déplacement en translation vers l'arrière jusqu'en butée, Inverser la polarité -/+ de l'alimentation de l'enroulement (38) pour provoquer le déplacement en translation du piston (34) vers l'avant jusqu'à ce que ledit piston vienne en butée contre le nez (14) de poussée.  Feed with a polarity +/- the winding (38) of the piston (34) in the sleeve (10) to cause its displacement in translation backwards to the stop, reverse polarity - / + of the power supply of winding (38) to cause the piston (34) to move in translation forwards until said piston abuts the thrust nose (14).
13. Procédé de pilotage du dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à réaliser les étapes suivantes : Alimenter avec une polarité +/- l'enroulement (38) du piston (34) pour provoquer son déplacement vers l'arrière, 13. Control method of the device according to claim 12, characterized in that it consists in carrying out the following steps: Feeding with a polarity +/- the winding (38) of the piston (34) to cause its movement backwards,
Inverser la polarité -/+ de l'enroulement (38) avant l'arrivée du piston (34) en butée de façon à assurer un freinage dudit piston,  Reversing the polarity - / + of the winding (38) before the arrival of the piston (34) in abutment so as to ensure braking of said piston,
- Alimenter avec une polarité -/+ l'enroulement (38) du piston (34) pour provoquer son déplacement vers l'avant, et - Feeding with a polarity - / + the winding (38) of the piston (34) to cause its movement forward, and
Inverser la polarité +/- de l'enroulement (38) avant l'arrivée du piston (34) en butée contre le nez (14) de poussée de façon à assurer un freinage dudit piston.  Reverse the +/- polarity of the winding (38) before the arrival of the piston (34) abuts against the nose (14) thrust so as to ensure braking of said piston.
EP16808928.2A 2015-11-17 2016-11-17 Device for projecting a projectile by compressed air using electromagnetic piston compression, associated control method Active EP3377839B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1561055A FR3043766B1 (en) 2015-11-17 2015-11-17 DEVICE FOR PROJECTING A COMPRESSED COMPRESSED AIR PROJECTILE WITH AN ELECTROMAGNETIC PISTON, A CONTROL METHOD
PCT/EP2016/078034 WO2017085202A1 (en) 2015-11-17 2016-11-17 Device for projecting a projectile by compressed air using electromagnetic piston compression, associated control method

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EP3377839A1 true EP3377839A1 (en) 2018-09-26
EP3377839B1 EP3377839B1 (en) 2022-01-26

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EP (1) EP3377839B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6982879B2 (en)
DK (1) DK3377839T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3043766B1 (en)
HK (1) HK1254528A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017085202A1 (en)

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CN108759559A (en) * 2018-07-20 2018-11-06 西南交通大学 A kind of two-stage light gas gun
US20230115688A1 (en) * 2021-10-13 2023-04-13 Moab Ventures Llc Launching system for an air gun
IT202200006629A1 (en) * 2022-04-04 2023-10-04 Luigi Baldassin SIMULATION WEAPON AND ITS METHOD OF OPERATION

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US2568432A (en) * 1949-08-25 1951-09-18 Ivan R Cook Electric air gun
DE58908803D1 (en) * 1988-11-11 1995-02-02 Igenwert Gmbh ACCELERATOR.
US6901689B1 (en) * 2001-12-05 2005-06-07 Jason Bergstrom Firearm pneumatic counter-recoil modulator and airgun thrust-adjustor
US7607424B2 (en) * 2004-02-17 2009-10-27 Planet Eclipse Limited Electro-magnetically operated rotating projectile loader
TWM351338U (en) * 2008-09-19 2009-02-21 Shu-Mei Ceng Pneumatic toy gun
TWI486545B (en) * 2013-08-27 2015-06-01 Incorn Hobby Corp Toy gun high speed dual power gear structure
JP5517380B1 (en) * 2013-09-24 2014-06-11 株式会社ケーエスシー Electric toy gun
US9404707B2 (en) * 2014-06-09 2016-08-02 Thomas Gore Air gun with gas spring assembly
CN204313712U (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-05-06 成容 Electromagnetic pneumatic rifle
US9797678B2 (en) * 2016-09-02 2017-10-24 Jui-Fu Tseng Electromagnetic valve activated firing mechanism of airsoft gun

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US10663251B2 (en) 2020-05-26
DK3377839T3 (en) 2022-03-28
JP6982879B2 (en) 2021-12-17
FR3043766A1 (en) 2017-05-19
FR3043766B1 (en) 2017-12-22
WO2017085202A1 (en) 2017-05-26
JP2018535383A (en) 2018-11-29
EP3377839B1 (en) 2022-01-26
HK1254528A1 (en) 2019-07-19
US20190249945A1 (en) 2019-08-15

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