EP3367455B1 - Méthode de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique multicolore comprenant plusieurs materiaux photoactifs - Google Patents

Méthode de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique multicolore comprenant plusieurs materiaux photoactifs Download PDF

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EP3367455B1
EP3367455B1 EP17157916.2A EP17157916A EP3367455B1 EP 3367455 B1 EP3367455 B1 EP 3367455B1 EP 17157916 A EP17157916 A EP 17157916A EP 3367455 B1 EP3367455 B1 EP 3367455B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
photoactive
photoactive material
layer
depositing
optoelectronic device
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EP17157916.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3367455A1 (fr
EP3367455C0 (fr
Inventor
Jörg ACKERMANN
Sadok BEN DKHIL
Olivier Margeat
David DUCHÉ
Ludovic Escoubas
Jean-Jacques Simon
Christine Videlot-Ackermann
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Aix Marseille Universite
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
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Aix Marseille Universite
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
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Priority to PL17157916.2T priority Critical patent/PL3367455T3/pl
Application filed by Aix Marseille Universite, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS filed Critical Aix Marseille Universite
Priority to EP17157916.2A priority patent/EP3367455B1/fr
Priority to JP2019546120A priority patent/JP7345395B2/ja
Priority to PCT/EP2018/054474 priority patent/WO2018154039A1/fr
Priority to US16/488,317 priority patent/US11277095B2/en
Priority to KR1020197027636A priority patent/KR102526444B1/ko
Publication of EP3367455A1 publication Critical patent/EP3367455A1/fr
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Publication of EP3367455C0 publication Critical patent/EP3367455C0/fr
Publication of EP3367455B1 publication Critical patent/EP3367455B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/40—Thermal treatment, e.g. annealing in the presence of a solvent vapour
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
    • H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
    • H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
    • H10K85/1135—Polyethylene dioxythiophene [PEDOT]; Derivatives thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/151—Copolymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/20—Carbon compounds, e.g. carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
    • H10K85/211—Fullerenes, e.g. C60
    • H10K85/215—Fullerenes, e.g. C60 comprising substituents, e.g. PCBM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to the field of optoelectronic devices such as solar cells having coloured photoactive layers.
  • the coloured photoactive layers may be based on organic, inorganic or hybrid organic-inorganic materials and serve to improve the external aspect of photovoltaic panels enabling these devices to better blend into their environment.
  • Coloured photoactive layers can also be used in novel applications to harvest residual light energy for example in windows or screens that are less noticeable than conventional optoelectronic devices.
  • Optoelectronic devices are used in multiple applications to either absorb or emit light.
  • Light emitting diodes are examples of efficient and cheap light sources using a photoactive layer to convert electrical energy into photons.
  • Solar cells are examples of light absorbing optoelectronic devices that use a photoactive layer to convert photons into charge carriers that are collected as electrical current.
  • Coloured solar cells and semi-transparent solar cells have been developed to improve blending of solar cells into their environment and expand their possible applications. Coloured solar cells can be designed with patterns or colours to better integrate into their environment and be used over a larger range of surfaces, especially in urban areas. Semi-transparent solar cells can further be used to harvest residual light emitted by screens or passing through windows, while still being discreet and barely noticeable.
  • Coloured solar cells can in particular be fabricated using organic materials in the photoactive layer. These organic materials typically appear in the form of a polymer and small donor molecules mixed with acceptor molecules (usually fullerenes) in a bulk heterojunction. This organic material is generally called a "blend”. Other architectures are also available to produce coloured solar cells relying on inorganic or hybrid organic-inorganic materials.
  • an electron-hole pair called an exciton is generated in the photoactive layer.
  • the holes and electrons are channeled to separate layers on top of and below the photoactive layer to create an electrical current.
  • a typical architecture for an organic solar cell comprises a glass layer, an indium tin oxide layer (upper transparent electrode), a hole extraction layer (typically Pedot:PSS or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate), the photoactive layer, an electron extraction layer (typically ZnO) and an electrically conducting substrate.
  • the electrically conducting substrate can be a semi-transparent material or a metal such as aluminum.
  • Organic solar cells can convey different colours to a photovoltaic panel due to the specific absorption bands in the visible spectrum of organic semiconductors used in the photoactive layer.
  • one possibility to conceive organic solar cells having a desired colour is to select an appropriate composition for the blend, or add additives such as metals in relevant proportions to change the absorption bands of the blend in the visible spectrum and thus the colour of the device.
  • Coloured solar cells can also be produced using inorganic materials by using for example optical filters or reflecting coating.
  • a different approach to expand the spectrum of colours available for an organic solar cell consists in changing the thickness of the photoactive layer and/or the thicknesses of the hole and electron extraction layers. It has indeed been noticed that layer thicknesses influence not only the light absorption efficiency of cells but also their colour. To change the thickness of the photoactive layer, it is possible to change the concentration of the polymer in the blend or the viscosity of the solution in which the blend is prepared before being deposited.
  • the invention provides a method for producing a multicoloured optoelectronic device according to claim 1.
  • the invention enables the production of optoelectronic devices such as solar cells that have different colours on a same substrate.
  • Prior art methods only provide means to change the colour of a device by keeping a homogeneous colour across the device.
  • Prior art methods require complex arrangements and shape designs to produce panels or arrays having multiple colours or displaying a pattern.
  • the method of the invention overcomes this requirement and enables the production of a plurality of colours that can be arranged over one single substrate of one device with any pattern.
  • the method of the invention thereby renders the fabrication of colour patterns simple, by overcoming the need to produce devices (such as solar cells) having complex shapes or specific electrical contacts for each type of colour present on a panel or array. Indeed, by ensuring that each photoactive material on the electrically conducting substrate is in contact with another photoactive material, the resulting optoelectronic device successfully channels current produced by each photoactive material in the solar cell and can be connected to other neighboring cells of a module or panel regardless of the colour or colours of their photoactive layers.
  • optical properties in a frequency range refers to the spectral absorption/emission bands of a photoactive material, which is a feature contributing to the colour of the photoactive material. It is assumed that the "frequency range” comprises a portion of the visible spectrum along at least one frequency, which gives the optoelectronic device a noticeable colour in the visible spectrum.
  • the invention teaches the use of two different photoactive materials deposited on a same substrate, theses photoactive materials can differ by their thickness (that is to say that they may have a similar composition, but lead to different colours because of specific optoelectronic properties resulting from their thickness). It is also possible that the two photoactive materials have the same thickness but very different compositions, leading to two different colours as well.
  • the "electrically conducting substrate” may refer to the metal or semi-transparent layer used as an electrode of the optoeletronic device (for example, an aluminum layer), or can also refer to one of the extraction layers that may be found on top of this electrode layer (hole or electron extraction layer).
  • photoactive material can revert both to organic compounds (polymer blends) or inorganic compounds, having any type of structure.
  • the method may further comprise:
  • a mixed photoactive material in an area at the contact between both photoactive materials reduces the risk of electrical shunts or voids appearing in the photoactive layer.
  • the mixed photoactive material in that area ensures better electrical contacts between both photoactive materials.
  • two photoactive blends can mix in liquid form prior to being dried.
  • each photoactive material on a plate may also speed up the mixing of both materials in the area where they meet on the electrically conducting substrate.
  • the method comprises:
  • the overall optoelectronic properties of the device result from a combination of the optoelectronic properties of each photoactive material present on the electrically conducting substrate. It is thus possible to design an optoelectronic device having original photo-electrical properties situated in a range between those of each of the photoactive materials used.
  • the amount of each photoactive material used on an optoelectronic device can be controlled by controlling the size of each corresponding portion on the electrically conducting substrate.
  • the photo-electrical parameter of the photoactive layer is chosen from among: open voltage, short-circuit current density, light-electricity conversion efficiency.
  • the first photoactive material and the second photoactive material may be deposited using a technique chosen from among: drop casting, slot die coating, doctor blading, spin coating, ink jet printing, screen printing, gravure and flexography.
  • the method may further comprise:
  • the method may further comprise:
  • photoactive materials from opposite sides of the electrically conducting substrate so that they can migrate across their respective portions of the electrically conducting substrate until they reach the area in which they both mix to form the mixed photoactive layer.
  • This method is particularly suitable for organic solar cells, for the fabrication of which polymer blends are used. Polymer blends can mix in liquid form prior to being dried.
  • first photoactive blend and the second photoactive blend are prepared so as to have different thicknesses on the electrically conducting substrate, it is advantageous to dry each photoactive blend separately and to deposit them sequentially on the substrate.
  • the method may further comprise:
  • the method of the invention can be combined with other techniques used to adapt the colour of a photoactive layer, such as controlling its thickness and composition.
  • the photoactive layer may further comprise an area above a contact between the first portion and the second portion comprising a photoactive material resulting from a mixture of the first photoactive material with the second photoactive material.
  • the first photoactive material at least partially overlaps the second photoactive material.
  • Such an overlap can be used to create a third colour, especially at the corresponding to a junction of the first portion with the second portion.
  • the first and the second photoactive materials may be chosen from among: P3HT:PCBM, PTB7:PCBM, PTB7-Th:PCBM, PBDB-T:PCBM, PBDB-T: ITIC .
  • the photoactive layer may further comprise at least one ferroelectric material.
  • ferroelectric material increases the open voltage of the optoelectronic device, thereby improving its electrical properties.
  • the invention can be used on light absorbing devices such as photovoltaic cells, regardless of their exact structure.
  • the multicoloured optoelectronic device is a photovoltaic panel comprising cells whose shape is independent from an arrangement of the first and second photoactive materials on the electrically conducting substrate.
  • the optoelectronic device may comprise a transparent electrically conducting substrate.
  • Transparent electrically conducting substrates enable the optoelectronic device to be used in a wider range of applications such as windows or screens to absorb residual light or emit light from a transparent support surface.
  • the invention provides a method for fabricating optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, photovoltaic panels, that can be based on any type of architecture.
  • the optoelectronic devices can be organic solar cells, perovskite-based solar cells, quantum dot based hybrid solar cells.
  • the method overcomes the need to produce optoelectronic devices that have a homogenous photoactive layer, that is to say photoactive layers of only one colour each.
  • the invention provides instead an optoelectronic device having a multicolour photoactive layer and a method for fabricating such a device.
  • the "photoactive material” is a blend, made of a polymer as well as donor and acceptor molecules to create an interpenetrated bulk heterojunction which is the equivalent of p-n junction.
  • FIGs 1a , 1b , 2a , 2b schematically illustrate the colour range that can be obtained by selecting a specific type of photoactive blend (P3HT:PCBM which stands for a blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in the case of figures 1a and 1b
  • P3HT:PCBM which stands for a blend of poly[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl] [3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl) carbonyl] thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]] and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in the case of figures 2a and 2b ), and by changing the thickness of the photoactive blend and one of the extraction layers (P
  • Figures 1a and 2a provide examples of normal device structures in which the optoelectronic device 1 (solar cell) comprises an electrically conducting substrate 10, an electron extraction layer 20, a photoactive layer 30, a hole extraction layer 40 and an upper conducting layer typically made of indium tin oxide (ITO).
  • the graph of figures 1a and 2a shows on a colour palette the possible colours that can be obtained using three different thicknesses for the ZnO electron extractor layer 20, namely in the absence of such a layer (thick line 101), with a 40 nm thick ZnO layer (dotted line 102) or with a 90 nm thick ZnO layer (straight line 103).
  • the colours of the palette comprise dark blue 110, purple 111, red 112, yellow 113, green 114, light blue 115 areas.
  • Figure 1a shows that a blend based on P3HT:PCBM cannot be used to obtain yellow, green or light blue solar cells by changing the thickness of the blend between 40 nm and 200 nm.
  • Lines joining squares to stars represent all the colours available for a given thickness of ZnO when the thickness of the photoactive blend is changed from 40 nm (at the location of the palette marked with a star) to 200 nm (at the location of the palette marked with a square).
  • figure 1b displays the same information in the case of an inverted device structure in which the hole extraction layer 40 and electron extraction layer 20 are swapped.
  • Figure 1b displays the possible colours obtained when the thickness of the photoactive layer is changed from 40 nm to 200 nm, with no hole extraction layer (thick line 104), with a hole extraction layer having a thickness of 40 nm (dotted line 105) and with a hole extraction layer having a thickness of 90 nm (straight line 106).
  • Figure 2a displays the possible colours obtained when the thickness of the photoactive layer is changed from 40 nm to 200 nm, with no electron extraction layer (thick line 201), with an electron extraction layer having a thickness of 40 nm (dotted line 202) and with an electron extraction layer having a thickness of 90 nm (straight line 203). It can be seen on figure 2a that a PTB7:PCBM polymer blend is not suitable to fabricate yellow, red or purple solar cells. A similar conclusion can be drawn from the colour palette of figure 2b , which displays the same information in the case of an inverted device structure.
  • Figure 2b displays the possible colours obtained when the thickness of the photoactive layer is changed from 40 nm to 200 nm, with no hole extraction layer (thick line 204), with a hole extraction layer having a thickness of 40 nm (dotted line 205) and with a hole extraction layer having a thickness of 90 nm (straight line 206).
  • Figures 1a , 1b , 2a , 2b teach that using only one photoactive blend composition generally does not enable to cover a wide spectrum of the visible spectrum just by changing the thickness of the blend or the thickness of interface layers.
  • the invention provides a method for depositing two different photoactive materials on a same electrically conducting substrate.
  • Figures 3a and 3b display two embodiments for fabricating a multicolour optoelectronic device according to the invention.
  • a first photoactive material 301 is deposited on a first portion 21 and a second photoactive material 302 is deposited on a second portion 22 of an electron extraction layer 20 of a solar cell. It is equally possible to deposit the photoactive material directly on an electrically conducting substrate 10, or to have the photoactive material deposited "indirectly" onto the electrically conducting substrate as in the example of figures 3a and 3b .
  • the photoactive materials are blends in the examples of figures 3a and 3b . These blends are liquid when deposited and can migrate across the electrically conducting substrate from opposite edges as illustrated on figure 3a , to meet at an area 23 where the first portion 21 contacts the second portion 22. In this area 23, the first photoactive material 301 mixes with the second photoactive material 302 to form a third photoactive material 303. Liquid blends can advantageously be miscible to promote this mixing so as to create a continuous and homogeneous electrical connection between the photoactive materials of the optoelectronic device. It is also possible to heat the photoactive materials prior to depositing them on the electrically conducting substrate to ease their migration or deposition as well as promoting a more homogeneous deposition and mixing. This heating step preferably brings both photoactive materials to a same temperature for optimal performances.
  • the substrate is spinned 300 to dry the photoactive material in order to form the photoactive layer 30.
  • Other methods for drying the photoactive material such as heat treatments, can be implemented.
  • both photoactive materials are deposited simultaneously and dried during the same spinning step.
  • each photoactive material in sequence as illustrated on figure 3b .
  • Such situations occur for example when one of the photoactive materials requires a thermal treatment step after deposition (it is then advantageous to deposit this material first, dry it, heat treat it and then deposit the other photoactive material).
  • Another situation which is suitable for a sequential deposition arises when the thicknesses of both photoactive layers are different.
  • the embodiment of figure 3b consists in depositing the first photoactive material 301 on the first portion 21 (for example by spin-coating, drop casting or ink jet printing), then drying this material by spinning 300 the substrate to form a first homogeneous layer 310.
  • the second photoactive material 302 is later deposited and treated in the same way to obtain a second homogeneous layer 320, both layers being in contact and mixed in the area 23.
  • first photoactive material and the second photoactive material are arranged so that one at least partially overlaps the other. This may give rise to different electrical properties and produce a colour gradient in the optoelectronic device.
  • Figures 4a, 4b and 4c represent an example of an optoelectronic device produced by the method of the invention.
  • Figure 4a shows a side view of a solar cell comprising two different colours provided by two different photoactive materials.
  • the first photoactive material at least partially overlaps the second photoactive material.
  • an area may appear in which a both photoactive materials mix to form a third photoactive material.
  • the first photoactive material 301 contacts the second photoactive material 302 without forming a third photoactive material at an area where both materials join.
  • both photoactive materials join in the area 23 to form a third homogeneous layer 330 that results from a mixture of the first photoactive material with the second photoactive material at the area 23.
  • Figure 4c provides one illustration viewed from the top of a solar cell produced using the method of the invention. As illustrated on figure 4c , more than two photoactive materials can be present in the optoelectronic device 1. On figure 4c , first 410, second 420, third 430 and fourth 440 homogenous colour layers make up the photoactive layer of the optoelectronic device 1. The pattern according to which these colours are arranged can be controlled using an appropriate deposition technique.
  • Solar cells produced using the method of the invention comprise several photoactive materials in their active layers.
  • the photo-electric properties of these cells can be adjusted in a range generally comprised within the values of photo-electric properties of each of the photoactive materials present in the cell.
  • the photo-electric parameter of a composite solar cell such as the one presented in this invention mostly depends on the relative amount of each photoactive material in the cell. This amount can typically be controlled by adapting the sizes of each portion on which the photoactive materials are deposited.
  • Figures 5a, 5b, 5c are graphs representing the evolution of three photo-electric parameters in a solar cell made of two photoelectric materials, as a function of the ratio between both photoelectric materials (expressed as a percentage of the total surface occupied by one of the photoactive materials).
  • Figure 5a represents the evolution of the open voltage in such a solar cell.
  • Figure 5b represents the evolution of the photocurrent density in such a solar cell.
  • Figure 5c represents the evolution of the conversion efficiency in such a solar cell. It is to be noted that the evolution of the photocurrent density with the ratio between both photoelectric materials is linear, which makes it possible to conceive a solar cell having a desired photocurrent density when this desired value lies in a range comprised between the photocurrent densities of both photoactive materials.
  • a similar selection of a value for a photo-electric parameter in a composite solar cell can be made based on the knowledge of the dependence of this parameter with the amount of each photoactive material.
  • additives in the photoelectric materials such as for example to add a ferroelectric material to increase the open voltage of the device.
  • FIG. 6a shows a multicolour solar panel produced using prior art techniques.
  • This solar panel 11 is made of cells which each have only one photoactive material in their photoactive layer. Because of this, cells 1 need to have specific shapes, and must be connected electrically in series only to cells of the same colour to avoid the appearance of undue electrical resistance across the panel.
  • a first 610, second 620, third 630, fourth 640 and fifth 650 type of cell is represented, each type being associated to a specific colour.
  • each cell 2 of the panel 12 can comprise several photoactive materials and the cells can be connected in series regardless of the composition of their photoactive layers.
  • the panel 12 comprises a first 610, second 620, third 630, fourth 640 and fifth 650 type of photoactive material, these types being associated to a specific colour.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique multicolore (1), le dispositif optoélectronique multicolore (1) étant choisi parmi : une cellule solaire, un panneau photovoltaïque (11), une cellule solaire à base de pérovskite et une cellule solaire hybride à base de points quantiques, le procédé de fabrication comprenant :
    - l'obtention d'un substrat électriquement conducteur (10) comprenant au moins une première partie (21) et une seconde partie (22) adjacente à la première partie,
    - le dépôt d'un premier matériau photoactif (301) présentant des bandes d'absorption/émission spectrales dans une première gamme de fréquences sur la première partie,
    - le dépôt d'un second matériau photoactif (302) différent du premier matériau photoactif et présentant des bandes d'absorption/émission spectrales dans une seconde gamme de fréquences sur la seconde partie, le premier matériau photoactif entrant en contact avec le second matériau photoactif, le premier matériau photoactif et le second matériau photoactif formant une couche photoactive (30) du dispositif optoélectronique multicolore,
    - dans lequel une valeur pour un paramètre photoélectrique de la couche photoactive est prédéterminée, la valeur prédéterminée étant comprise entre une valeur dudit paramètre photoélectrique dans le premier matériau photoactif et une valeur dudit paramètre photoélectrique dans le second matériau photoactif, le paramètre photoélectrique de la couche photoactive étant choisi parmi : la tension ouverte, la densité de courant de court-circuit et l'efficacité de conversion de la lumière en électricité,
    le procédé comprenant en outre :
    - la détermination des tailles respectives de la première partie et de la seconde partie de sorte que le rapport entre la quantité de premier matériau photoactif et la quantité de second matériau photoactif donne lieu à une couche photoactive ayant la valeur prédéterminée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 comprenant en outre :
    - l'association du premier matériau photoactif au second matériau photoactif dans une zone (23) où la première partie entre en contact avec la seconde partie pour former un matériau photoactif mixte (303) dans ladite zone.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le premier matériau photoactif et le second matériau photoactif sont déposés à l'aide d'une technique choisie parmi : la coulée en goutte d'eau, le revêtement par matrice à fente, le raclage, le revêtement par centrifugation, l'impression par jet d'encre, le revêtement par pulvérisation, la sérigraphie, la gravure, la flexographie.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, comprenant en outre :
    - le dépôt du premier matériau photoactif sur la première partie pour former une première couche homogène,
    - le dépôt du second matériau photoactif sur la seconde partie pour former une seconde couche homogène en contact avec la première couche homogène,
    - le séchage de la première couche homogène et de la seconde couche homogène.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, comprenant en outre :
    - le dépôt du premier matériau photoactif sur la première partie pour former une première couche homogène,
    - le séchage de la première couche homogène (310),
    - le dépôt du second matériau photoactif sur la seconde partie pour former une seconde couche homogène en contact avec la première couche homogène,
    - le séchage de la seconde couche homogène (320).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant en outre :
    - la sélection de la composition et/ou de la viscosité du premier matériau photoactif et du second matériau photoactif afin d'obtenir une épaisseur souhaitée et des bandes d'absorption/émission spectrales souhaitées pour la couche photoactive.
EP17157916.2A 2017-02-24 2017-02-24 Méthode de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique multicolore comprenant plusieurs materiaux photoactifs Active EP3367455B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17157916.2A EP3367455B1 (fr) 2017-02-24 2017-02-24 Méthode de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique multicolore comprenant plusieurs materiaux photoactifs
PL17157916.2T PL3367455T3 (pl) 2017-02-24 2017-02-24 Sposób wytwarzania wielobarwnego urządzenia optoelektronicznego zawierającego wiele materiałów światłoczułych
PCT/EP2018/054474 WO2018154039A1 (fr) 2017-02-24 2018-02-23 Procédé de production de dispositif optoélectronique multicolore comprenant de multiples matériaux photoactifs et dispositif optoélectronique ainsi produit
US16/488,317 US11277095B2 (en) 2017-02-24 2018-02-23 Method for producing a multicolour optoelectronic device comprising multiple photoactive materials and optoelectronic device thus produced
JP2019546120A JP7345395B2 (ja) 2017-02-24 2018-02-23 複数の光活性材料を含むマルチカラーオプトエレクトロニック素子を作製するための方法およびこのようにして作製されるオプトエレクトロニック素子
KR1020197027636A KR102526444B1 (ko) 2017-02-24 2018-02-23 복수의 광활성 재료들을 포함하는 다색 광전자 장치를 제조하는 방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 광전자 장치

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EP17157916.2A EP3367455B1 (fr) 2017-02-24 2017-02-24 Méthode de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique multicolore comprenant plusieurs materiaux photoactifs

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Citations (1)

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EP3389102A1 (fr) * 2015-12-07 2018-10-17 LG Chem, Ltd. Cellule solaire organique et son procédé de fabrication

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JP2001313172A (ja) 2000-02-25 2001-11-09 Seiko Epson Corp 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス白色光源、及びその製造方法
EP1672653B1 (fr) 2004-12-20 2019-07-17 Merck Patent GmbH Cellule photovoltaïque à motifs
RU2449511C2 (ru) 2006-08-14 2012-04-27 Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. Электролюминесцентное устройство, имеющее точку переменного цвета
EP2192636A1 (fr) 2008-11-26 2010-06-02 Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Diode luminescente modulable
JP5647841B2 (ja) 2010-09-17 2015-01-07 タツモ株式会社 分散型ｅｌ素子の製造方法
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JP2020508583A (ja) 2020-03-19
WO2018154039A1 (fr) 2018-08-30
US11277095B2 (en) 2022-03-15
KR102526444B1 (ko) 2023-04-27
KR20200004288A (ko) 2020-01-13
PL3367455T3 (pl) 2024-04-15
EP3367455C0 (fr) 2023-12-13
JP7345395B2 (ja) 2023-09-15
US20190393836A1 (en) 2019-12-26

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