EP3365113B1 - Textured metallized paint - Google Patents

Textured metallized paint Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3365113B1
EP3365113B1 EP16777729.1A EP16777729A EP3365113B1 EP 3365113 B1 EP3365113 B1 EP 3365113B1 EP 16777729 A EP16777729 A EP 16777729A EP 3365113 B1 EP3365113 B1 EP 3365113B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base
pigments
layer
varnish
paint
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EP16777729.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3365113A1 (en
Inventor
Antoine VIEU
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PSA Automobiles SA
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PSA Automobiles SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of painting substrates, more particularly painting the bodywork of motor vehicles.
  • the published patent document FR 3 011 753 A1 discloses a motor vehicle painting process, with a matte and textured effect.
  • the method provides for the application of a first layer of a base forming the shade and then of a second layer of a varnish containing matting elements and texturing elements.
  • the base includes colored pigments to impart tint to the vehicle.
  • the varnish by its textured and matt character, drowns in the texture most of the dust grains and also makes the surface defects of the bodywork noticeably less visible.
  • This process is advantageous in that it makes it possible to produce a paint capable of masking certain surface defects of the bodywork without requiring touch-ups.
  • the published patent document EP 1 810 757 A1 discloses a process for producing a multilayer paint exhibiting a three-dimensional effect.
  • the process consists in applying, successively, a first coat of a first tinted base, a second coat of a second tinted base on the first coat while the latter has not yet hardened, and then a third coat of a varnish.
  • the first and second bases have different shades in order to generate a depth or three-dimensional effect. They can comprise in particular color pigments and luster pigments.
  • the varnish may comprise agents influencing the gloss of said varnish, so as to optimize the effect of depth obtained by the first two layers.
  • the depth effect achieved by the painting of this teaching is interesting but fails to produce a texturing as in the previous teaching.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a process for painting a substrate, such as a bodywork element of a motor vehicle, which makes it possible to achieve a metallic, matt and textured effect and which is also economical, in particular in terms of case of retouching or repair after the first painting.
  • the subject of the invention is a process for painting one or more substrates, in particular one or more bodywork elements of a motor vehicle, the process comprising the steps in the following order: (a) application of a first base with pigments; (b) application of a second base with pigments; (c) application of a varnish; remarkable in that the pigments of the first base are exclusively tinting, the pigments of the second base include effect pigments, and the varnish includes texturizing elements, and in that the second base is applied directly to the first base, and the varnish directly on the second base.
  • All of the pigments in the first base are tinting pigments only.
  • Effect pigments are pigments providing variable optical effects, that is to say effects other than those of simply giving a tint to the base in which they are present.
  • the pigments of the second base are predominantly, that is to say more than 50%, effect pigments.
  • the second base can also include tinting pigments with a certain transparency.
  • the effect pigments of the second base comprise interference pigments.
  • the effect pigments can include metallic pigments (mirrors, glitter, marbled), pearlescent, interference, reflective, phosphorescent, fluorescent, thermochromic, and / or Flashy.
  • the texturizing elements of the varnish comprise balls, preferably with a diameter of between 10 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the balls are made of a material which remains solid at 140 ° C., the material preferably being polyamide.
  • the varnish can also comprise matting elements, such as silica.
  • the first base forms a layer with a thickness greater than or equal to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the second base forms a layer with a thickness greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the varnish forms a layer with a thickness of between 40 and 50 ⁇ m.
  • step (a) is carried out on a layer of cataphoresis, of primer or on a layer of textured varnish.
  • a subject of the invention is also a body of a motor vehicle, covered with a textured paint comprising: a layer of a first base with pigments, applied to the body; a layer of a second base with pigments, applied over the first base layer; and a layer of varnish, applied to the second base layer; remarkable in that the pigments of the first base are exclusively tinting, the pigments of the second base include effect pigments, and the varnish includes texturizing elements.
  • the textured paint is obtained by the process according to the invention.
  • the measures of the invention are advantageous in that they make it possible to produce a painting with effects, such as in particular a metallic effect, pearlescent or a chameleon effect called flip-flop, that is to say operating a color change according to viewing angle, as the paint is textured and can be applied as a touch-up.
  • effects such as in particular a metallic effect, pearlescent or a chameleon effect called flip-flop
  • the constitution of the paint in three layers the first of which comprises a base with tinting pigments and the second of which comprises a base with effect pigments, makes it possible to ensure a coherent and regular arrangement of said effect pigments, even when the paint is applied to a surface exhibiting irregularities such as in particular the textured varnish of the original paint to which a touch-up is to be applied.
  • the first layer comprising the base with the tinting pigments performs a function of smoothing the surface of the substrate, without this smoothing having an influence on the appearance and the final rendering of the paint.
  • the rendering of the tinting pigments is in fact insensitive to the irregularities of the surface of the substrate on which the base containing them is applied.
  • the figure 1 illustrates schematically, in the view from the left, a section of a painting 102 in accordance with the state of the art.
  • the substrate is not shown.
  • a first layer of a base 104 forming the color of the paint is applied to the substrate, not shown.
  • This base 104 can include pigments or elements 106 producing a metallized effect.
  • a second coat of a textured and mat varnish 108 is applied.
  • the varnish may include solid particles and elements producing a matt effect, such as silica in particular.
  • the corrugated profile of the outer surface of the varnish layer 108 corresponds to the textured character of the paint.
  • the right view of the figure 1 illustrates the paint 102 from the left view, forming a first paint, said to be original, of the substrate, and a second paint 102 ', similar to the first paint 102.
  • the tinted base coat 104' is deposited directly on the outer surface of the varnish layer 108 of the first paint 102.
  • the tinted base coat 104 ' follows the irregular profile of the varnish layer 108 in question.
  • the metallizing elements 106 ′ take on variable and irregular orientations. The metallic effect initially obtained with the first paint is then greatly disturbed and consequently becomes unsatisfactory.
  • a second layer of a varnish 108 ′ similar or identical to the varnish layer 108 of the first paint is then applied to the base layer 104 ′.
  • the figure 1 thus illustrates the difficulties of retouching a paint according to the state of the art.
  • the figure 2 illustrates, similarly to figure 1 , a paint according to the invention and the possibility of retouching this paint.
  • the left view of the figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a painting according to the invention.
  • the substrate is not shown.
  • a first layer of a base 3 forming the color of the paint is applied to the substrate, not shown.
  • This base 103 can include exclusively tinting pigments.
  • a second layer of another base 4 is applied over the first layer.
  • the base 4 in question comprises pigments or effect elements 6, such as in particular with a metallizing effect. Given that the first layer is deposited homogeneously on a generally regular substrate (not shown), the latter forms a contact surface with the second layer which is generally smooth and regular. The effect pigments 6 are then oriented in a coherent and regular manner.
  • a third layer of a varnish 8 is then applied to the second layer.
  • the first base coat 3 thus forms the color of the paint 2, while the second coat of the other base 4 provides the optical effects of the paint 2.
  • the right view of the figure 2 illustrates, still schematically, a section of a first painting 2, said to be original, conforming to that of the left view, covered with a second painting 2 'similar to the first painting 2.
  • first tinted base layer 3 ′ of the second paint 2 ′ is deposited directly on the varnish layer 8 of the first paint 2.
  • this base layer 3 ′ forms a generally smooth outer surface in comparison with the profile irregular layer of varnish.
  • the second layer of another base 4 ' can then be applied on the first layer 3' in a regular way, that is to say that its effect pigments can be oriented in a coherent way, similar to the second layer 4 from the first painting.
  • a third layer of a varnish 8 ' is then applied to the second layer 4', similar to the first paint 2.
  • the fact of providing two base coats, the first ensuring the color of the paint, and the second ensuring the optical effects, makes it possible to apply such a paint satisfactorily to a similar first paint.
  • the first base layer 4 ′ comprising only tinting pigments makes it possible to smooth the irregularities of the textured varnish layer 8 of the first paint. Since this base does not include pigments with optical effects, the irregularities of its contact surface with the layer of varnish 8 have no visible impact on the perception of the paint thus deposited.
  • the first layer 3 ′ forms a regular receiving surface for the second base layer 4 ′ with effect pigments. They can then orient themselves in a regular and consistent manner.
  • the layers of varnish 8 and 8 'can comprise solid particles, that is to say particles remaining solid at the baking temperature of the paint (s).
  • the cooking temperature can be between 140 ° and 150 ° C.
  • the material of the particles or beads may include polyamide.
  • the beads can have a diameter of between 10 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the layers of varnish 8 and 8 ′ may comprise matting elements, such as silica, for example in the form powdery.
  • the varnish layers 8 and 8 'can comprise a resin of the single-component or two-component type.
  • the first tinting base coat 3 and 3 ' can be of the acrylic or polyester type, or a mixture of the two, and include pigments which give the paint its hue.
  • the second base layer 4 and 4 ' can be of the acrylic or polyester type, or a mixture of the two. It includes effect pigments. Effect pigments are pigments providing variable optical effects, that is to say effects other than those of simply giving a tint to the base in which they are present. By way of example, the effect pigments can be of the metallized (mirrors, glitter, marbled), pearlescent, interference, reflective, phosphorescent, fluorescent, thermochromic, and / or flashy type. Some of these effects depend on the viewing angle.
  • Flip flop paints are also called chameleon paints because they effect a color change depending on the viewing angle. Hue or light changes are possible, or even a combination of color and light changes. The optical effect is obtained thanks to the pigments included in the lacquer paint.
  • Chameleon paints are therefore used containing interference pigments for the changes in tones and pigments with a metallic effect for the variations in gloss.
  • Interference pigments react differently depending on the wavelengths of light reaching them. While reflecting certain wavelengths of light, interference pigments can almost completely absorb other wavelengths through a blanket effect. Depending on the viewing angle, certain wavelengths are absorbed, and others reflected. We therefore obtain a different color depending on the viewing angle. Interference pigments can be incorporated independently of the paint base, thanks to a gun placed at a distance from the object, however consolidation of the pigments can occur during vaporization.
  • Pigments with metallic effects are generally in the form of flakes. Due to their arrangement in the painting, they reflect light incident. Since the refraction of light follows the laws of physics (angles of incidence and refraction) and the amount of reflected light depends on the position and intensity of the source, the intensity of the refraction varies. depending on the viewing angle.
  • This type of paint known as flip flop generally alternates only two colors, one is called basic and the other is called interference color.
  • the first tinted base layer (s) 3 and 3 'advantageously have a thickness greater than or equal to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the second tinted base layer (s) 6 and 6 'advantageously have a thickness greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the layer or layers of varnish 8 and 8 ′ advantageously have a thickness of between 40 and 50 ⁇ m in order to guarantee uniformity of texture and color.
  • the figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating the stages of application of the paint according to the invention.
  • the first step is to apply the first coat of a base (3 or 3 'at the figure 2 ) containing tinting pigments.
  • This first step is followed by a second step consisting in applying a second layer of a base (4 or 4 'to the figure 2 ) containing effect pigments.
  • a stage of drying by convection for example lasting about 6 minutes with a level of 2 minutes at 80 ° C., can be provided, in particular when using water-dilutable paints.
  • the third coat of textured varnish (8 or 8 'at the figure 2 ) is applied.
  • a cooking step for example for about 20 minutes at, for example, 145 ° C.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Description

L'invention a trait au domaine de la peinture de substrats, plus particulièrement de la peinture de carrosserie de véhicule automobile.The invention relates to the field of painting substrates, more particularly painting the bodywork of motor vehicles.

Le document de brevet publié FR 3 011 753 A1 divulgue un procédé de peinture de véhicule automobile, avec un effet mat et texturé. Pour ce faire, le procédé prévoit l'application d'une première couche d'une base formant la teinte et ensuite d'une deuxième couche d'un vernis contenant des éléments matant et des éléments texturants. La base comprend des pigments colorés conférant la teinte au véhicule. Lors de son application, le vernis, de par son caractère texturé et mat, noie dans la texture la majeure partie des grains de poussière et rend aussi les défauts de surface de la carrosserie sensiblement moins visibles. Ce procédé est avantageux en ce qu'il permet de réaliser une peinture apte à masquer certains défauts de surface de la carrosserie sans requérir de retouches.The published patent document FR 3 011 753 A1 discloses a motor vehicle painting process, with a matte and textured effect. To do this, the method provides for the application of a first layer of a base forming the shade and then of a second layer of a varnish containing matting elements and texturing elements. The base includes colored pigments to impart tint to the vehicle. During its application, the varnish, by its textured and matt character, drowns in the texture most of the dust grains and also makes the surface defects of the bodywork noticeably less visible. This process is advantageous in that it makes it possible to produce a paint capable of masking certain surface defects of the bodywork without requiring touch-ups.

Le document de brevet publié EP 1 810 757 A1 divulgue un procédé de réalisation d'une peinture multicouches et présentant un effet tridimensionnel. Le procédé consiste à appliquer, successivement, une première couche d'une première base teintée, une deuxième couche d'une deuxième base teintée sur la première couche alors que cette dernière n'a pas encore durci, et ensuite une troisième couche d'un vernis. Les première et deuxième bases présentent des teintes différentes afin de générer un effet de profondeur ou tridimensionnel. Elles peuvent comprendre notamment des pigments de couleur et des pigments lustrant. Le vernis peut comprendre des agents influençant la brillance dudit vernis, de manière à optimiser l'effet de profondeur obtenu par les deux premières couches. L'effet de profondeur atteint par la peinture de cet enseignement est intéressant mais manque de produire une texturation comme dans l'enseignement précédent.The published patent document EP 1 810 757 A1 discloses a process for producing a multilayer paint exhibiting a three-dimensional effect. The process consists in applying, successively, a first coat of a first tinted base, a second coat of a second tinted base on the first coat while the latter has not yet hardened, and then a third coat of a varnish. The first and second bases have different shades in order to generate a depth or three-dimensional effect. They can comprise in particular color pigments and luster pigments. The varnish may comprise agents influencing the gloss of said varnish, so as to optimize the effect of depth obtained by the first two layers. The depth effect achieved by the painting of this teaching is interesting but fails to produce a texturing as in the previous teaching.

L'effet de texturation de l'enseignement du document FR 3 011 753 A1 susmentionné est intéressant d'un point de vue esthétique et masquage des défauts de surface de la carrosserie. Par contre, cette technique de mise en peinture pose des problèmes en cas de retouches, c'est-à-dire des réparations locales. En effet, la couche de vernis est irrégulière de par sa texturation. Le fait d'appliquer sur cette surface irrégulière, au pourtour de la zone de retouche, à nouveau une couche d'une base formant la teinte va avoir pour effet que les pigments métallisant de ladite base vont présenter des orientations variables et procurer ainsi un effet optique d'inhomogénéité et, partant, un défaut de qualité. La seule solution pour réaliser une réparation avec une telle peinture est de procéder à un ponçage de la totalité de la carrosserie, ou a minima de l'élément de carrosserie complet (porte ou capot, par exemple), et de la ou le repeindre totalement.The texturing effect of teaching the document FR 3 011 753 A1 aforementioned is interesting from the point of view of aesthetics and masking of surface defects of the body. On the other hand, this painting technique poses problems in the event of retouching, that is to say local repairs. Indeed, the layer of varnish is irregular due to its texture. The fact of applying on this irregular surface, around the perimeter of the retouching zone, again a layer of a base forming the tint will have the effect that the pigments metallizing said base will have variable orientations and thus provide an optical effect of inhomogeneity and, therefore, a quality defect. The only solution to carry out a repair with such a paint is to sand the entire body, or at least the entire body element (door or hood, for example), and to repaint it completely. .

L'invention a pour objectif de proposer un procédé de mise en peinture d'un substrat, tel qu'un élément de carrosserie de véhicule automobile, qui permette d'atteindre un effet métallisé, mat et texturé et qui soit aussi économique, notamment en cas de retouche ou de réparation après la première mise en peinture.The object of the invention is to provide a process for painting a substrate, such as a bodywork element of a motor vehicle, which makes it possible to achieve a metallic, matt and textured effect and which is also economical, in particular in terms of case of retouching or repair after the first painting.

L'invention a pour objet un procédé de peinture d'un ou plusieurs substrats, notamment d'un ou plusieurs éléments de carrosserie d'un véhicule automobile, le procédé comprenant les étapes dans l'ordre suivant : (a) application d'une première base avec des pigments ; (b) application d'une deuxième base avec des pigments ; (c) application d'un vernis ; remarquable en ce que les pigments de la première base sont exclusivement teintants, les pigments de la deuxième base comprennent des pigments à effets, et le vernis comprend des éléments texturants, et en ce que la deuxième base est directement appliquée sur la première base, et le vernis directement sur la deuxième base.The subject of the invention is a process for painting one or more substrates, in particular one or more bodywork elements of a motor vehicle, the process comprising the steps in the following order: (a) application of a first base with pigments; (b) application of a second base with pigments; (c) application of a varnish; remarkable in that the pigments of the first base are exclusively tinting, the pigments of the second base include effect pigments, and the varnish includes texturizing elements, and in that the second base is applied directly to the first base, and the varnish directly on the second base.

La totalité des pigments de la première base sont des pigments teintants uniquement.All of the pigments in the first base are tinting pigments only.

Des pigments à effets sont des pigments assurant des effets optiques variables, c'est-à-dire des effets autres que ceux de simplement donner une teinte à la base dans laquelle ils sont présents.Effect pigments are pigments providing variable optical effects, that is to say effects other than those of simply giving a tint to the base in which they are present.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, les pigments de la deuxième base sont majoritairement, c'est-à-dire à plus de 50%, des pigments à effets. La deuxième base peut comprendre également des pigments teintants avec une certaine transparence.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the pigments of the second base are predominantly, that is to say more than 50%, effect pigments. The second base can also include tinting pigments with a certain transparency.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, les pigments à effets de la deuxième base comprennent des pigments interférentiels. Les pigments à effets peuvent comprendre des pigments métallisés (miroirs, pailletés, marbrés), nacrés, interférentiels, réfléchissants, phosphorescents, fluorescents, thermochromiques, et/ou Flashy.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the effect pigments of the second base comprise interference pigments. The effect pigments can include metallic pigments (mirrors, glitter, marbled), pearlescent, interference, reflective, phosphorescent, fluorescent, thermochromic, and / or Flashy.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, les éléments texturants du vernis comprennent des billes, préférentiellement d'un diamètre compris entre 10 et 100 µm.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the texturizing elements of the varnish comprise balls, preferably with a diameter of between 10 and 100 μm.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, les billes sont en un matériau qui reste solide à 140° C, le matériau étant préférentiellement du polyamide.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the balls are made of a material which remains solid at 140 ° C., the material preferably being polyamide.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le vernis peut comprendre également des éléments matant, tels que de la silice.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the varnish can also comprise matting elements, such as silica.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la première base forme une couche d'une épaisseur supérieure ou égale à 10 µm.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first base forms a layer with a thickness greater than or equal to 10 μm.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la deuxième base forme une couche d'une épaisseur supérieure ou égale à 5 µm.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second base forms a layer with a thickness greater than or equal to 5 μm.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le vernis forme une couche d'une épaisseur comprise entre 40 et 50 µm.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the varnish forms a layer with a thickness of between 40 and 50 μm.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, l'étape (a) est réalisée sur une couche de cataphorèse, d'apprêt ou sur une couche de vernis texturé.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, step (a) is carried out on a layer of cataphoresis, of primer or on a layer of textured varnish.

L'invention a également pour objet une carrosserie d'un véhicule automobile, recouverte d'une peinture texturée comprenant : une couche d'une première base avec des pigments, appliquée sur la carrosserie ; une couche d'une deuxième base avec des pigments, appliquée sur la couche de première base ; et une couche de vernis, appliquée sur la couche de deuxième base ; remarquable en ce que les pigments de la première base sont exclusivement teintants, les pigments de la deuxième base comprennent des pigments à effets, et le vernis comprend des éléments texturants. La peinture texturée est obtenue par le procédé selon l'invention.A subject of the invention is also a body of a motor vehicle, covered with a textured paint comprising: a layer of a first base with pigments, applied to the body; a layer of a second base with pigments, applied over the first base layer; and a layer of varnish, applied to the second base layer; remarkable in that the pigments of the first base are exclusively tinting, the pigments of the second base include effect pigments, and the varnish includes texturizing elements. The textured paint is obtained by the process according to the invention.

Les caractéristiques mentionnées, notamment précédemment, en relation avec le procédé de peinture sont également applicables à la peinture de la carrosserie mentionnée ci-avant.The characteristics mentioned, in particular previously, in relation to the painting process are also applicable to the painting of the bodywork mentioned above.

Les mesures de l'invention sont intéressantes en ce qu'elles permettent de réaliser une peinture avec effets, comme notamment un effet métallisé, nacré ou un effet caméléon dit flip-flop, c'est-à-dire opérant un changement de couleur selon l'angle de vision, la peinture étant texturée et pouvant être appliquée sous forme de retouche. En effet, la constitution de la peinture en trois couches dont la première comprend une base avec des pigments teintants et dont la deuxième comprend une base avec des pigments à effets, permet d'assurer une disposition cohérente et régulière desdits pigments à effets, même lorsque la peinture est appliquée sur une surface présentant des irrégularités comme notamment le vernis texturé de la peinture d'origine sur laquelle une retouche est à appliquer. La première couche comprenant la base avec les pigments teintants assure une fonction de lissage de la surface du substrat, sans pour autant que ce lissage ait une influence sur l'aspect et le rendu final de la peinture. Le rendu des pigments teintants est en effet insensible aux irrégularités de la surface du substrat sur laquelle la base les contenant est appliquée.The measures of the invention are advantageous in that they make it possible to produce a painting with effects, such as in particular a metallic effect, pearlescent or a chameleon effect called flip-flop, that is to say operating a color change according to viewing angle, as the paint is textured and can be applied as a touch-up. Indeed, the constitution of the paint in three layers, the first of which comprises a base with tinting pigments and the second of which comprises a base with effect pigments, makes it possible to ensure a coherent and regular arrangement of said effect pigments, even when the paint is applied to a surface exhibiting irregularities such as in particular the textured varnish of the original paint to which a touch-up is to be applied. The first layer comprising the base with the tinting pigments performs a function of smoothing the surface of the substrate, without this smoothing having an influence on the appearance and the final rendering of the paint. The rendering of the tinting pigments is in fact insensitive to the irregularities of the surface of the substrate on which the base containing them is applied.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention seront mieux compris à l'aide de la description et des dessins parmi lesquels :

  • La figure 1 comprend deux vues illustrant de manière schématique la coupe d'une peinture d'origine selon l'état de la technique (vue de gauche) et de la même peinture avec une retouche (vue de droite);
  • La figure 2 comprend deux vues illustrant de manière schématique la coupe d'une peinture d'origine selon l'invention (vue de gauche) et de la même peinture avec une retouche (vue de droite),
  • La figure 3 est un logigramme illustrant les étapes de réalisation de la peinture selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be better understood with the aid of the description and the drawings, among which:
  • The figure 1 includes two views schematically illustrating the section of an original paint according to the state of the art (left view) and of the same paint with retouching (right view);
  • The figure 2 includes two views schematically illustrating the cross section of an original paint according to the invention (left view) and of the same paint with retouching (right view),
  • The figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating the stages in the production of the painting according to the invention.

La figure 1 illustre de manière schématique, à la vue de gauche, une coupe d'une peinture 102 conforme à l'état de l'art. En l'occurrence le substrat n'est pas représenté. Une première couche d'une base 104 formant la teinte de la peinture est appliquée sur le substrat non représenté. Cette base 104 peut comprendre des pigments ou éléments 106 produisant un effet métallisé. Une deuxième couche d'un vernis 108 texturé et mat est appliquée. Pour ce faire le vernis peut comprendre des particules solides et des éléments produisant un effet mat, comme notamment de la silice. Le profil ondulé de la surface extérieure de la couche de vernis 108 correspond au caractère texturé de la peinture.The figure 1 illustrates schematically, in the view from the left, a section of a painting 102 in accordance with the state of the art. In this case, the substrate is not shown. A first layer of a base 104 forming the color of the paint is applied to the substrate, not shown. This base 104 can include pigments or elements 106 producing a metallized effect. A second coat of a textured and mat varnish 108 is applied. To do this, the varnish may include solid particles and elements producing a matt effect, such as silica in particular. The corrugated profile of the outer surface of the varnish layer 108 corresponds to the textured character of the paint.

La vue de droite de la figure 1 illustre la peinture 102 de la vue de gauche, formant une première peinture, dite d'origine, du substrat, et une deuxième peinture 102', similaire à la première peinture 102. On peut observer que la couche de base teintée 104' est déposée directement sur la surface extérieure de la couche de vernis 108 de la première peinture 102. On peut également observer que la couche de base teintée 104' épouse le profil irrégulier de la couche de vernis 108 en question. On peut également observer que les éléments métallisant 106' prennent des orientations variables et irrégulières. L'effet métallisé initialement obtenu avec la première peinture se voit alors fortement perturbé et devient par conséquent non satisfaisant. Une deuxième couche d'un vernis 108' similaire ou identique à la couche de vernis 108 de la première peinture est ensuite appliquée sur la couche de base 104'.The right view of the figure 1 illustrates the paint 102 from the left view, forming a first paint, said to be original, of the substrate, and a second paint 102 ', similar to the first paint 102. It can be observed that the tinted base coat 104' is deposited directly on the outer surface of the varnish layer 108 of the first paint 102. It can also be observed that the tinted base coat 104 'follows the irregular profile of the varnish layer 108 in question. It can also be observed that the metallizing elements 106 ′ take on variable and irregular orientations. The metallic effect initially obtained with the first paint is then greatly disturbed and consequently becomes unsatisfactory. A second layer of a varnish 108 ′ similar or identical to the varnish layer 108 of the first paint is then applied to the base layer 104 ′.

La figure 1 illustre ainsi les difficultés de retouche d'une peinture selon l'état de la technique.The figure 1 thus illustrates the difficulties of retouching a paint according to the state of the art.

La figure 2 illustre, de manière similaire à la figure 1, une peinture selon l'invention et la possibilité de procéder à des retouches de cette peinture.The figure 2 illustrates, similarly to figure 1 , a paint according to the invention and the possibility of retouching this paint.

La vue de gauche de la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une peinture conforme à l'invention. En l'occurrence le substrat n'est pas représenté. Une première couche d'une base 3 formant la teinte de la peinture est appliquée sur le substrat non représenté. Cette base 103 peut comprendre des pigments exclusivement teintants. Une deuxième couche d'une autre base 4 est appliquée sur la première couche. La base 4 en question comprend des pigments ou éléments à effets 6, comme notamment à effet métallisant. Compte tenu que la première couche est déposée de manière homogène sur un substrat (non représenté) généralement régulier, celle-ci forme une surface de contact avec la deuxième couche qui est généralement lisse et régulière. Les pigments à effets 6 sont alors orientés de manière cohérente et régulière. Une troisième couche d'un vernis 8 est ensuite appliquée sur la deuxième couche.The left view of the figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a painting according to the invention. In this case, the substrate is not shown. A first layer of a base 3 forming the color of the paint is applied to the substrate, not shown. This base 103 can include exclusively tinting pigments. A second layer of another base 4 is applied over the first layer. The base 4 in question comprises pigments or effect elements 6, such as in particular with a metallizing effect. Given that the first layer is deposited homogeneously on a generally regular substrate (not shown), the latter forms a contact surface with the second layer which is generally smooth and regular. The effect pigments 6 are then oriented in a coherent and regular manner. A third layer of a varnish 8 is then applied to the second layer.

La première couche de base 3 forme ainsi la teinte de la peinture 2 alors que la deuxième couche de l'autre base 4 assure les effets optiques de la peinture 2.The first base coat 3 thus forms the color of the paint 2, while the second coat of the other base 4 provides the optical effects of the paint 2.

La vue de droite de la figure 2 illustre, toujours de manière schématique, une coupe d'une première peinture 2, dite d'origine, conforme à celle de la vue de gauche, recouverte d'une deuxième peinture 2' similaire à la première peinture 2. On peut observer que la première couche 3' de base teintée de la deuxième peinture 2' est déposée directement sur la couche de vernis 8 de la première peinture 2. On peut également observer que cette couche de base 3' forme une surface extérieure généralement lisse en comparaison avec le profil irrégulier de la couche de vernis. La deuxième couche d'une autre base 4' peut alors être appliquée sur la première couche 3' de manière régulière, c'est-à-dire que ses pigments à effets peuvent s'orienter de manière cohérente, similairement à la deuxième couche 4 de la première peinture. Une troisième couche d'un vernis 8' est ensuite appliquée sur la deuxième couche 4', similairement à la première peinture 2.The right view of the figure 2 illustrates, still schematically, a section of a first painting 2, said to be original, conforming to that of the left view, covered with a second painting 2 'similar to the first painting 2. It can be observed that the first tinted base layer 3 ′ of the second paint 2 ′ is deposited directly on the varnish layer 8 of the first paint 2. It can also be observed that this base layer 3 ′ forms a generally smooth outer surface in comparison with the profile irregular layer of varnish. The second layer of another base 4 'can then be applied on the first layer 3' in a regular way, that is to say that its effect pigments can be oriented in a coherent way, similar to the second layer 4 from the first painting. A third layer of a varnish 8 'is then applied to the second layer 4', similar to the first paint 2.

On peut observer à la figure 2 que le fait de prévoir deux couches de base, la première assurant la teinte de la peinture, et la deuxième assurant les effets optiques, permet d'appliquer une telle peinture de manière satisfaisante sur une première peinture similaire. En effet, la première couche de base 4' comprenant des pigments uniquement teintant permet de lisser les irrégularités de la couche de vernis texturée 8 de la première peinture. Etant donné que cette base ne comprend pas de pigments à effets optiques, les irrégularités de sa surface de contact avec la couche de vernis 8 n'a pas d'impact visible sur la perception de la peinture ainsi déposée. Ainsi, la première couche 3' forme une surface de réception régulière pour la deuxième couche de base 4' à pigments à effets. Ces derniers peuvent alors s'orienter de manière régulière et cohérente.We can observe at the figure 2 that the fact of providing two base coats, the first ensuring the color of the paint, and the second ensuring the optical effects, makes it possible to apply such a paint satisfactorily to a similar first paint. In fact, the first base layer 4 ′ comprising only tinting pigments makes it possible to smooth the irregularities of the textured varnish layer 8 of the first paint. Since this base does not include pigments with optical effects, the irregularities of its contact surface with the layer of varnish 8 have no visible impact on the perception of the paint thus deposited. Thus, the first layer 3 ′ forms a regular receiving surface for the second base layer 4 ′ with effect pigments. They can then orient themselves in a regular and consistent manner.

Les couches de vernis 8 et 8' peuvent comprendre des particules solides, c'est-à-dire restant solides à la température de cuisson de la ou des peintures. La température de cuisson peut être comprise entre 140° et 150°C. Le matériau des particules ou billes peut comprendre du polyamide. Les billes peuvent présenter un diamètre compris entre 10 et 100 µm. Les couches de vernis 8 et 8' peuvent comprendre des éléments matant, tels que de la silice, par exemple sous forme pulvérulente. Les couches de vernis 8 et 8' peuvent comprendre une résine du type mono- ou bi-composant.The layers of varnish 8 and 8 'can comprise solid particles, that is to say particles remaining solid at the baking temperature of the paint (s). The cooking temperature can be between 140 ° and 150 ° C. The material of the particles or beads may include polyamide. The beads can have a diameter of between 10 and 100 μm. The layers of varnish 8 and 8 ′ may comprise matting elements, such as silica, for example in the form powdery. The varnish layers 8 and 8 'can comprise a resin of the single-component or two-component type.

La première couche de base teintante 3 et 3' peut être du type acrylique ou polyester, ou un mélange des deux, et comprendre des pigments conférant à la peinture sa teinte.The first tinting base coat 3 and 3 'can be of the acrylic or polyester type, or a mixture of the two, and include pigments which give the paint its hue.

La deuxième couche de base 4 et 4' peut être du type acrylique ou polyester, ou un mélange des deux. Elle comprend des pigments à effets. Des pigments à effets sont des pigments assurant des effets optiques variables, c'est-à-dire des effets autres que ceux de simplement donner une teinte à la base dans laquelle ils sont présents. A titre d'exemple, les pigments à effets peuvent être du type métallisés (miroirs, pailletés, marbrés), nacrés, interférentiels, réfléchissants, phosphorescents, fluorescents, thermochromiques, et/ou flashy. Certains de ces effets dépendent de l'angle d'observation.The second base layer 4 and 4 'can be of the acrylic or polyester type, or a mixture of the two. It includes effect pigments. Effect pigments are pigments providing variable optical effects, that is to say effects other than those of simply giving a tint to the base in which they are present. By way of example, the effect pigments can be of the metallized (mirrors, glitter, marbled), pearlescent, interference, reflective, phosphorescent, fluorescent, thermochromic, and / or flashy type. Some of these effects depend on the viewing angle.

Les peintures flip flop sont également appelées peintures caméléon car elles opèrent un changement de couleur selon l'angle de vision. Des modifications de teinte ou de luminosité sont possibles, ou même une combinaison de changements de couleur et de luminosité. L'effet optique est obtenu grâce aux pigments inclus dans la peinture laque. On utilise donc des peintures caméléon contenant des pigments interférentiels pour les changements de tons et des pigments à effet métallique pour les variations de brillance.Flip flop paints are also called chameleon paints because they effect a color change depending on the viewing angle. Hue or light changes are possible, or even a combination of color and light changes. The optical effect is obtained thanks to the pigments included in the lacquer paint. Chameleon paints are therefore used containing interference pigments for the changes in tones and pigments with a metallic effect for the variations in gloss.

Les pigments interférentiels réagissent différemment selon les longueurs d'onde de la lumière qui les atteint. Tandis qu'ils réfléchissent certaines longueurs d'onde lumineuse, les pigments interférentiels peuvent absorber presque complètement d'autres longueurs d'onde par un effet de couverture. Selon l'angle d'observation, certaines longueurs d'onde sont absorbées, et d'autres réfléchies. On obtient donc une couleur différente selon l'angle de vision. Les pigments interférentiels peuvent être incorporés indépendamment de la base de peinture, grâce à un pistolet placé à distance de l'objet, cependant il peut se produire une consolidation des pigments durant la vaporisation.Interference pigments react differently depending on the wavelengths of light reaching them. While reflecting certain wavelengths of light, interference pigments can almost completely absorb other wavelengths through a blanket effect. Depending on the viewing angle, certain wavelengths are absorbed, and others reflected. We therefore obtain a different color depending on the viewing angle. Interference pigments can be incorporated independently of the paint base, thanks to a gun placed at a distance from the object, however consolidation of the pigments can occur during vaporization.

Les pigments à effets métalliques se présentent eux généralement sous forme de paillettes. En raison de leur disposition dans la peinture, ils réfléchissent la lumière incidente. Étant donné que la réfraction de la lumière suit les lois de la physique (angles d'incidence et de réfraction) et que la quantité de lumière réfléchie dépend de la position et de l'intensité de la source, l'intensité de la réfraction varie selon l'angle d'observation.Pigments with metallic effects are generally in the form of flakes. Due to their arrangement in the painting, they reflect light incident. Since the refraction of light follows the laws of physics (angles of incidence and refraction) and the amount of reflected light depends on the position and intensity of the source, the intensity of the refraction varies. depending on the viewing angle.

Ce type de peinture dite flip flop alterne généralement seulement deux couleurs, l'une est dite de base et l'autre est dite couleur d'interférence.This type of paint known as flip flop generally alternates only two colors, one is called basic and the other is called interference color.

La ou les premières couches de base teintées 3 et 3' présentent avantageusement une épaisseur supérieure ou égale à 10 µm.The first tinted base layer (s) 3 and 3 'advantageously have a thickness greater than or equal to 10 μm.

La ou les deuxièmes couches de base teintées 6 et 6' présentent avantageusement une épaisseur supérieure ou égale à 5 µm.The second tinted base layer (s) 6 and 6 'advantageously have a thickness greater than or equal to 5 μm.

La ou les couches de vernis 8 et 8' présentent avantageusement une épaisseur comprise entre 40 et 50 µm afin de garantir une homogénéité de texture et de teinte.The layer or layers of varnish 8 and 8 ′ advantageously have a thickness of between 40 and 50 μm in order to guarantee uniformity of texture and color.

La figure 3 est un logigramme illustrant les étapes d'application de la peinture conforme à l'invention. La première étape consiste à appliquer la première couche d'une base (3 ou 3' à la figure 2) contenant des pigments teintants. Cette première étape est suivie d'une deuxième étape consistant à appliquer une deuxième couche d'une base (4 ou 4' à la figure 2) contenant des pigments à effets. Une étape de séchage par convection, par exemple d'une durée d'environ 6 minutes avec un palier de 2 minutes à 80°C peut être prévue, en particulier en cas d'utilisation de peintures hydro-diluables. Ensuite, la troisième couche de vernis texturé (8 ou 8' à la figure 2) est appliquée. S'en suit alors une étape de cuisson, par exemple durant environ 20 minutes à, par exemple, 145°C.The figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating the stages of application of the paint according to the invention. The first step is to apply the first coat of a base (3 or 3 'at the figure 2 ) containing tinting pigments. This first step is followed by a second step consisting in applying a second layer of a base (4 or 4 'to the figure 2 ) containing effect pigments. A stage of drying by convection, for example lasting about 6 minutes with a level of 2 minutes at 80 ° C., can be provided, in particular when using water-dilutable paints. Then the third coat of textured varnish (8 or 8 'at the figure 2 ) is applied. Then follows a cooking step, for example for about 20 minutes at, for example, 145 ° C.

Claims (10)

  1. Painting process (2, 2') of one or more substrates, including one or more body parts of a motor vehicle, the process comprising the steps in the following order:
    (a) application of a first base (3, 3') with pigments;
    (b) application of a second base (4, 4') with pigments (6, 6');
    (c) application of a varnish (8,8') containing texturing elements;
    characterized by the fact that the pigments of the first base (3, 3') are exclusively tinting and the pigments (6, 6') of the second base (4, 4') include effect pigments, and that the second base (4, 4') is directly applied on the first base (3, 3'), and the varnish (8, 8') directly on the second base (4, 4').
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized that the pigments (6, 6') of the second base (4, 4') are more than 50% of the effect pigments, the effect pigments preferably comprising interferal pigments.
  3. Process according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the texturing elements of the varnish (8, 8') include logs, preferably of a diameter between 10 and 100 µm.
  4. Process according to Claim 3, characterized by the fact that the logs are made of a material which remains solid at 140° C, the material being preferably polyamide.
  5. Process according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the varnish (8, 8') also includes maturing elements, such as silica.
  6. Process according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the first (3, 3') form a layer with a thickness of 10 µm or more.
  7. Process according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized as the second base (6, 6') forms a layer of thickness greater than or equal to 5 µm.
  8. Process according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the varnish (8, 8') forms a layer of a thickness between 40 and 50 µm.
  9. Process according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized as stage (a) is performed on a coating, cataphoresis or textured varnish layer (8).
  10. Body of a motor vehicle, covered with a textured paint following the process of claims 1 to 9, including:
    - a layer of a first base (3, 3') with pigments, applied to the body;
    - a layer of a second base (4,4') with pigments (6,6'), applied to the first base layer (3,3'); and
    - a layer of varnish (8,8'), applied on the second base layer (4,4');
    characterized by
    the pigments of the first base (3, 3') are exclusively tinting, the pigments (6, 6') of the second base (4, 4') include effect pigments, and the varnish (8, 8') includes texturing elements.
EP16777729.1A 2015-10-19 2016-09-15 Textured metallized paint Active EP3365113B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1559943A FR3042427B1 (en) 2015-10-19 2015-10-19 TEXTURED METALLIZED PAINT
PCT/FR2016/052329 WO2017068255A1 (en) 2015-10-19 2016-09-15 Textured metallized paint

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EP3365113A1 EP3365113A1 (en) 2018-08-29
EP3365113B1 true EP3365113B1 (en) 2021-08-18

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FR3085602B1 (en) 2018-09-07 2023-02-24 Psa Automobiles Sa METHOD FOR APPLYING A MULTI-LAYER COATING TO ONE OR MORE BODY ELEMENTS OF A MOTOR VEHICLE AND INSTALLATION FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH A METHOD

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0358949A3 (en) * 1988-09-15 1991-04-17 BASF Corporation Multi-layer opalescent coatings containing pearlescent pigments and dyes
CA2010818A1 (en) * 1989-03-22 1990-09-22 Sol Panush Coating system exhibiting color travel and opalescent color effects
US6789905B2 (en) * 2001-08-17 2004-09-14 Basf Corporation Method of providing a retroreflective coating system through wet-on-wet application and a retroreflective coating system thereof
CA2572900C (en) * 2006-01-23 2011-03-15 Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. Method of forming multi-layered patterned coating film
FR2905914B1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-11-14 Renault Sas MOTOR VEHICLE WITH BODY COVERED BY AN OUTSIDE DECORATION AND PROTECTION ASSEMBLY
JP5489976B2 (en) * 2010-12-17 2014-05-14 本田技研工業株式会社 Multi-layer coating formation method
FR3011753B1 (en) * 2013-10-14 2018-07-20 Psa Automobiles Sa. METHOD FOR PAINTING A MOTOR VEHICLE

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FR3042427B1 (en) 2017-11-24
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WO2017068255A1 (en) 2017-04-27

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