EP3362210B1 - Pulver auf eisenbasis für pulverspritzgiessen - Google Patents

Pulver auf eisenbasis für pulverspritzgiessen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3362210B1
EP3362210B1 EP16778335.6A EP16778335A EP3362210B1 EP 3362210 B1 EP3362210 B1 EP 3362210B1 EP 16778335 A EP16778335 A EP 16778335A EP 3362210 B1 EP3362210 B1 EP 3362210B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feedstock
injection molding
powder
iron
binder
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16778335.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3362210A1 (de
Inventor
Anna Larsson
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Hoganas AB
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Hoganas AB
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
    • B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an iron-based powder, in particular a stainless steel powder, which is useful for powder injection molding; a composition for powder injection molding; a method of making sintered components from the powder composition; and sintered components made from the powder composition.
  • a powder composition it may be possible to obtain sintered parts with densities above 96% of the theoretical density, thus resulting in excellent mechanical properties.
  • Powder injection molding also called metal injection molding (MIM) is an interesting technique for producing high density sintered components of complex shapes.
  • MIM metal injection molding
  • fine carbonyl iron powders are used in this process.
  • Other types of powders used are gas-atomized or water-atomized of very fine particle size, the cost of which is relatively high.
  • One way of achieving this is by utilizing coarser powders.
  • coarse powders have a lower surface energy than fine powders and are thus much less active during sintering.
  • Another issue is that the use of coarse and irregular powders leads a lower packing density and thus the maximal powder content of the feedstock is limited. Lower powder content results in a higher shrinkage during sintering and may lead to, inter alia, high dimensional scatter between components produced in a production run.
  • WO2012089807 discloses the use of a coarse powder which achieves a theoretical density of more than 95%. There is still a need for technology which can achieve even higher density.
  • the solid loading (i.e. the portion of iron- based powder) of an iron-based MIM feedstock i.e. the iron- based powder mixed with organic binder ready to be injected
  • the green component must shrink almost by 50% by volume. This is in contrast to PM components produced through uniaxial compaction which already in green state obtain relatively high density. Therefore, fine powders having high sintering activity are normally used in MIM. By elevating the sintering temperature coarser powders may be used. This, however, results in grain coarsening which in turn gives mechanical properties which are not optimal.
  • a coarse metal powder wherein the metal powder has a certain composition, can be used in a feedstock for powder injection molding in order to obtain components with a sintered density of at least 96% of the theoretical density.
  • An object of invention is to provide a metal injection molding feedstock composition comprising said relatively coarse stainless steel powder composition.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing injection molded sintered components from the feedstock composition, said components having a density of at least 96% of the theoretical density.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a sintered component produced according to the MIM process having a density of 96% and above, of theoretical density and a tensile strength above 800MPa as sintered, without hardening.
  • a metal injection molding feedstock comprising
  • the particle size is determined by laser diffraction using a Sympatec Helos instrument.
  • the median particle size as defined above means that 50% of the particles in the powder is larger than this value. This value is normally termed the "X50" value.
  • a method for producing a sintered component comprising the steps of:
  • a sintered component made from the feedstock composition the component having a density of at least 96% of theoretical density, and a tensile strength above 800MPa.
  • the stainless steel powder composition includes at least one iron based powder and/or pure iron powder.
  • the iron based powder and/or pure iron powder can be produced by water or gas atomization of an iron melt and optionally alloying elements.
  • the atomized powder can further be subjected to a reduction annealing process, and optionally be furthered alloyed by using a diffusion alloying process.
  • iron powder may be produced by reduction of iron- oxides.
  • the particle size of the iron- or iron- based powder composition is such that the median particle size is 25-45 ⁇ m, preferably 25-35 ⁇ m. Further, X 99 shall be at most 120 ⁇ m, preferably at most 100 ⁇ m. (X 99 means that 99% of the particles have a particle size less than X 99 )
  • the powder may optionally be admixed with Cu, preferably in the form of Cu-powder in an amount of 0-5-wt%, or 3-5-wt%.
  • hard phase materials such as MnS, MoS 2 , CaF 2 , different kinds of minerals etc.
  • machinability enhancing agents such as MnS, MoS 2 , CaF 2 , different kinds of minerals etc. may optionally be added to the iron based powder composition.
  • the feedstock composition may be prepared by mixing the iron based powder composition described above and a binder.
  • the binder in the form of at least one organic binder may be present in the feedstock composition in a concentration of 30-65% by volume, preferably 35-60% by volume, more preferably 40-55% by volume.
  • binder in the present description also other organic substances that are commonly in MIM-feedstocks are included, such as e.g. releasing agents, lubricants, wetting agents, rheology modifiers, dispersant agents.
  • suitable organic binders are waxes, polyolefins, such as polyethylenes and polypropylenes, polystyrenes, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene carbonate, polyethylene glycol, stearic acids and polyoxymethylen.
  • the feedstock composition is molded into a blank.
  • the obtained blank is then heat treated, or treated in a solvent or by other means to remove one part of the binder as is known in the art, and then further subjected to sintering in a reducing atmosphere in vacuum or in reduced pressure, at a temperature of about 1200-1400°C.
  • the sintered component may be subjected to a heat treatment process in order to obtain a desired microstructure, e.g. by heat treatment and by controlled cooling rate.
  • the hardening process may include known processes such as precipitation hardening, quench and temper, case hardening, nitriding, carburizing, nitrocarburizing, carbonitriding, induction hardening and the like.
  • a sinter-hardening process at high cooling rate may be utilized.
  • post sintering treatments may be utilized, such as surface rolling or shot peening which introduce compressive residual stresses enhancing the fatigue life.
  • Sintered components according to the invention reach a sintered density of at least 96% of the theoretical density, and tensile strength above 800 MPa.
  • compositions were compacted to a density about 4.5g/cm 3 (58% of theoretical density) into cylinders with a diameter 25mm and a height of 8mm and thereafter
  • A, C and E were sintered at 1350°C in an atmosphere of 100%H 2 by volume, during 1200 minutes.
  • Sample C was sintered at 1380°C, during 120 minutes, 100% H 2 .
  • Sintered density was measured using the water displacement method as described in standard SS-EN ISO 3369:2010. Table 2 shows the test results.
  • a feedstock containing the metal powder composition A, B, and D, respectively, were prepared and compared with a feedstock made from composition C, by mixing the powder compositions with an organic binder.
  • the binder was composed of 47.5 % polyethylene, 47.5% paraffin wax and 5% stearic acid. All percentage in weight percentage.
  • the organic binder and the powder compositions were mixed in a ratio of the metal powder:binder of 53:47 by volume.
  • the feedstock were injection molded into standard MIM tensile bars according to ISO- SS EN ISO 2740
  • the samples were then debound in hexane for 4 hours at 60°C to remove the paraffin wax, followed by sintering at 1350°C in an atmosphere of 100% hydrogen for 120 minutes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Feedstock zum Metallpulverspritzgießen, welcher Folgendes umfasst:
    a) ein Pulver auf Eisenbasis, das eine mittlere Partikelgröße von 25 bis 45 µm und 99 % der Partikel kleiner als 120 µm aufweist, wobei das Pulver auf Eisenbasis in Gewichtsprozent umfasst:
    15 bis 17 % Cr; 3 bis 5 % Ni; 3 bis 5 % Cu; 0,15 bis 0,45 % Nb; < 1,0 % Mn; < 1,0 % Si; weniger als 0,08 % C, der Rest bis auf 100 % ist Fe; und
    b) 30 bis 65 Vol.-% des Feedstocks eines Binders.
  2. Feedstock nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Binder in Form mindestens eines organischen Binders vorliegt.
  3. Feedstock nach Anspruch 2, wobei der mindestens eine organische Binder aus der Gruppe von Wachsen, Polyolefinen, wie Polyethylenen und Polypropylenen, Polystyrolen, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyethylencarbonat, Polyethylenglycol, Stearinsäuren und Polyoxymethylen ausgewählt ist.
  4. Verwendung eines Feedstocks nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 zum Metallpulverspritzgießen.
  5. Verfahren, welches die Schritte umfasst:
    a) Herstellen eines Metallpulverspritzguss-Feedstocks nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    b) Formen des Feedstocks zu einem ungesinterten Rohling,
    c) Entfernen des organischen Binders,
    d) Sintern des erhaltenen Rohlings in einer reduzierenden Atmosphäre bei einer Temperatur zwischen 1200 und 1400°C,
    e) Abkühlen des Sinterformteils und
    f) gegebenenfalls Unterziehen des Formteils einer Behandlung nach dem Sintern, wie z.B. Ausscheidungshärten, Einsatzhärten, Nitrieren, Aufkohlen, Nitrocarburieren, Carbonitrieren, Induktionshärten, Oberflächenwalzen und/oder Kugelstrahlen.
EP16778335.6A 2015-10-15 2016-10-05 Pulver auf eisenbasis für pulverspritzgiessen Active EP3362210B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15189896.2A EP3156155A1 (de) 2015-10-15 2015-10-15 Pulver auf eisenbasis für pulverspritzgiessen
PCT/EP2016/073721 WO2017063923A1 (en) 2015-10-15 2016-10-05 Iron based powders for powder injection molding

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3362210A1 EP3362210A1 (de) 2018-08-22
EP3362210B1 true EP3362210B1 (de) 2020-05-06

Family

ID=54364968

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15189896.2A Withdrawn EP3156155A1 (de) 2015-10-15 2015-10-15 Pulver auf eisenbasis für pulverspritzgiessen
EP16778335.6A Active EP3362210B1 (de) 2015-10-15 2016-10-05 Pulver auf eisenbasis für pulverspritzgiessen

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15189896.2A Withdrawn EP3156155A1 (de) 2015-10-15 2015-10-15 Pulver auf eisenbasis für pulverspritzgiessen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3156155A1 (de)
CN (1) CN108367356B (de)
DK (1) DK3362210T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2808207T3 (de)
TW (1) TWI714649B (de)
WO (1) WO2017063923A1 (de)

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CN113195759B (zh) 2018-10-26 2023-09-19 欧瑞康美科（美国）公司 耐腐蚀和耐磨镍基合金
CN109454238A (zh) * 2018-11-08 2019-03-12 江苏精研科技股份有限公司 一种通过注射成型制备机油压力控制阀阀套的方法
WO2020172744A1 (en) * 2019-02-25 2020-09-03 Rio Tinto Iron And Titanium Canada Inc. Metallic iron powder
JP7263840B2 (ja) * 2019-02-28 2023-04-25 セイコーエプソン株式会社 粉末冶金用析出硬化系ステンレス鋼粉末、コンパウンド、造粒粉末および析出硬化系ステンレス鋼焼結体
CA3136967A1 (en) 2019-05-03 2020-11-12 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Powder feedstock for wear resistant bulk welding configured to optimize manufacturability
JP7552080B2 (ja) 2019-09-11 2024-09-18 セイコーエプソン株式会社 析出硬化系ステンレス鋼粉末、コンパウンド、造粒粉末、析出硬化系ステンレス鋼焼結体および析出硬化系ステンレス鋼焼結体の製造方法
TWI726451B (zh) * 2019-10-21 2021-05-01 晟銘電子科技股份有限公司 具有滲氮層的成型體的製備方法及其成型體
CN114540710B (zh) * 2020-08-04 2023-01-20 湖州慧金材料科技有限公司 无磁注射成型材料g19、制备方法及其在适合穿戴设备制造方面的应用
CN114378293B (zh) * 2021-09-15 2024-05-24 东莞市环力智能科技有限公司 一种奥氏体不锈钢搅拌头的烧结工艺及不锈钢搅拌头

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017063923A1 (en) 2017-04-20
DK3362210T3 (da) 2020-08-03
TWI714649B (zh) 2021-01-01
TW201728769A (zh) 2017-08-16
ES2808207T3 (es) 2021-02-25
CN108367356B (zh) 2020-10-27
EP3156155A1 (de) 2017-04-19
EP3362210A1 (de) 2018-08-22
CN108367356A (zh) 2018-08-03

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