EP3361485B1 - Transformer with integrated cooling - Google Patents

Transformer with integrated cooling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3361485B1
EP3361485B1 EP18154040.2A EP18154040A EP3361485B1 EP 3361485 B1 EP3361485 B1 EP 3361485B1 EP 18154040 A EP18154040 A EP 18154040A EP 3361485 B1 EP3361485 B1 EP 3361485B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
coolant line
coolant
transformer
line
coil
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EP18154040.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3361485A1 (en
Inventor
Nicolai Tarasinski
Volker Kegel
Dennis Kremer (GR)
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Deere and Co
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Deere and Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2876—Cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/125—Cooling by synthetic insulating and incombustible liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transformer with integrated cooling, comprising a primary and secondary side winding and a partially or completely embedded in at least one of the two windings coolant line, which can be fed from a supply device with coolant.
  • a water-cooled electrical coil of a transformer known. This comprises a laminated core and a multi-layer winding applied thereto. A cooling pipe formed as a flexible hose is wound around the outer surface of the winding. The cooling line is traversed by a coolant for cooling the coil or the winding. According to a different embodiment of the coil, an internal arrangement of the cooling line between the layers of the winding is also proposed.
  • Transformers according to the preamble of claim 1 are made JP S62 80314 U and from JP S56 107536 A known.
  • the transformer with integrated cooling comprises a primary and secondary winding and a partially or completely embedded in at least one of the two windings coolant line, which can be fed from a supply device with coolant.
  • the coolant line has a variety from outlet openings, which open in the direction of the at least one winding in order to pressurize them with coolant.
  • the heated coolant can flow away between the turns of the at least one winding in the direction of a collecting container and can be supplied from there by means of a coolant pump encompassed by the supply device to a heat exchanger for discharging absorbed waste heat. Due to the capillary action of adjacent turns an automatic distribution of the coolant is ensured within the respective winding of the transformer.
  • the transformer may, for example, be a medium frequency transformer for frequencies in the range of a few hundred Hz to several thousand Hz, which is part of an energy transmission path between a power supply station and an electrically operated agricultural vehicle, for example an agricultural tractor.
  • the transmission of electrical energy is typically at medium voltage levels, requiring on-board adjustment (reduction) to on-board voltage levels.
  • the transformer may be formed as a two- or three-phase transformer.
  • the coolant line is designed as a flexible hose and is made of heat-resistant plastic, in particular PTFE, silicone or Viton.
  • the number and / or distribution of the outlet openings along the wall of the coolant line is determined on the basis of tests and / or computer-aided simulations.
  • the coolant line runs with the at least one winding wound in the same direction, so that possible field inhomogeneities and thus power losses leading gaps can be reduced within the respective winding.
  • the coolant line can in this case run between adjacent turns of the same winding layer or form a separate (intermediate) layer.
  • a first and / or second coolant line may be provided, wherein the first coolant line is wound around an inner winding layer of the primary side winding and / or the second coolant line around an outer winding layer of the secondary side winding.
  • an insulating layer and / or (consisting of copper foil) RF shield is provided, thus the use of a common coolant line due to the spatial separation is not possible.
  • the two coolant lines run as far as possible in the edge region of the winding package formed by the primary and secondary windings, so that undesired To avoid field inhomogeneities within the winding package, including the associated power losses largely.
  • the first coolant line has unidirectionally distributed outlet openings along its wall, so that coolant flows through the primary-side winding from the inside to the outside.
  • the second coolant line it is possible for the second coolant line to have only inwardly directed outlet openings along its wall, which makes it possible to deploy the coolant specifically for cooling the secondary-side winding.
  • the heated coolant exits at the end faces of the primary and secondary windings to flow back from there under the action of gravity in the collecting container.
  • the first coolant line an inner diameter of 2 to 4 mm and / or the second coolant line has an inner diameter of 5 to 7 mm.
  • the exact inner diameter depends - as well as that of the outlet openings - from different circumstances, in particular the viscosity of the coolant used, the delivery volume of the coolant pump, the flow resistance of the windings, the dissipated power loss, and the like.
  • the coolant flowing through the coolant line is preferably a nonconductive cooling fluid with non-corrosive properties, for example a heat-resistant oil, in particular silicone oil.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the transformer according to the invention in section.
  • the transformer 10 includes a laminated core 12 and a arranged on the laminated core 12 winding body 14 made of plastic.
  • the winding body 14 carries an inner primary-side winding 16 and an outer secondary-side winding 18.
  • Each of the windings 16, 18 has a plurality of winding layers 20, 22.
  • the individual turns 24, 26 of the winding layers 20, 22 are made of copper enameled wire or enamel-insulated stranded wire. Between the two windings 16, 18 extends an existing plastic film insulating layer 28th
  • the transformer 10 is designed as a voltage dropper, in which the windings 24 of the primary-side winding 16 have a relation to the turns 26 of the secondary-side winding 18 of smaller diameter.
  • first and second coolant line 30, 32 is provided, wherein the first coolant line 30 in the form of an intermediate layer 34 about an inner (first) winding layer 20 of the primary-side winding 16 and the second coolant line 32 in the form of an outer layer 36 to an external (last ) Winding layer 22 of the secondary-side winding 18 is wound in the same direction.
  • the coolant lines 30, 32 each extend along the spaces formed by adjacent turns 24, 26, 38, 40, so that they are partially or completely embedded in the respective winding 16, 18.
  • the secondary-side winding 18 is in this case surrounded together with the second coolant line 32 by a further final insulating layer 42.
  • the two coolant lines 30, 32 are part of a coolant circuit 44, which consists of a collecting container 46, a coolant pump 50 encompassed by a supply device 48, a heat exchanger 52 for discharging absorbed waste heat and associated supply lines 54, 56 and 58.
  • the collecting container 46 is formed for example by a bottom trough of an outer housing, not shown, of the transformer 10.
  • Each of the coolant lines 30, 32 has a plurality of outlet openings 60, 62, which open in the direction of the respective winding 16, 18 in order to directly impinge or flush with them coolant. More specifically, the first coolant line 30 along its wall unidirectionally distributed arranged outlet openings 60, whereas the second Coolant line 32 along its wall has only inwardly directed outlet openings 62.
  • the heated coolant then exits at the end faces 64, 66 of the primary and secondary windings 16, 18 to flow back from there into the collecting container 46 under the effect of gravity.
  • the coolant lines 30, 32 are each designed as flexible hose lines and are made of heat-resistant plastic, in particular PTFE, silicone or Viton.
  • the number and / or distribution of the outlet openings 60, 62 along the walls of the coolant lines 30, 32 is determined on the basis of tests and / or computer-aided simulations.
  • the first coolant line 30 has an inner diameter of 2 to 4 mm and the second coolant line 32 has an inner diameter of 5 to 7 mm.
  • the exact inner diameter depends - as well as that of the outlet openings 60, 62 - on different circumstances, in particular the viscosity of the coolant used, the delivery volume of the coolant pump 50, the flow resistance of the windings 16, 18, the dissipated power loss, and the like.
  • the coolant flowing through the coolant line 30, 32 is a non-conductive cooling fluid with non-corrosive properties, for example a heat-resistant oil, in particular silicone oil.
  • Fig. 2 additionally shows an external perspective view of the in Fig. 1 reproduced transformer 10, wherein the further insulating layer 42 is omitted, so that the course of the second coolant line 32 along the formed by the adjacent turns 26 of the secondary-side winding 18 spaces 40 is visible.
  • the transformer 10 is a medium frequency transformer for frequencies in the range of several 100 Hz to several 1000 Hz, which is part of a not shown energy transmission path between a power station and an electrically operated agricultural vehicle, such as an agricultural tractor. To reduce line losses, the transmission of electrical energy to medium voltage level, which makes an on-board adjustment (reduction) to on-board voltage level required.
  • the transformer 10 is designed as a two- or three-phase transformer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Transformator mit integrierter Kühlung, umfassend eine primar- und sekundärseitige Wicklung sowie eine in zumindest eine der beiden Wicklungen teilweise oder vollständig eingebettete Kühlmittelleitung, die aus einer Versorgungseinrichtung mit Kühlmittel speisbar ist.The invention relates to a transformer with integrated cooling, comprising a primary and secondary side winding and a partially or completely embedded in at least one of the two windings coolant line, which can be fed from a supply device with coolant.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist aus der DE 10 2012 208 545 A1 eine wassergekühlte elektrische Spule eines Transformators bekannt. Diese umfasst einen geblechten Kern sowie eine darauf aufgebrachte mehrlagige Wicklung. Eine als flexibler Schlauch ausgebildete Kühlleitung ist um die Außenoberfläche der Wicklung gewunden. Die Kühlleitung ist zur Kühlung der Spule bzw. der Wicklung von einem Kühlmittel durchflossen. Gemäß einer abweichenden Ausgestaltung der Spule wird zudem eine innenliegende Anordnung der Kühlleitung zwischen den Lagen der Wicklung vorgeschlagen.In this context is from the DE 10 2012 208 545 A1 a water-cooled electrical coil of a transformer known. This comprises a laminated core and a multi-layer winding applied thereto. A cooling pipe formed as a flexible hose is wound around the outer surface of the winding. The cooling line is traversed by a coolant for cooling the coil or the winding. According to a different embodiment of the coil, an internal arrangement of the cooling line between the layers of the winding is also proposed.

Transformatoren nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sind aus JP S62 80314 U und aus JP S56 107536 A bekannt.Transformers according to the preamble of claim 1 are made JP S62 80314 U and from JP S56 107536 A known.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Transformator der eingangs genannten Art hinsichtlich seiner Leistungsdichte durch weitere Verbesserung der Kühlleistung zu optimieren. Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Transformator mit integrierter Kühlung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.It is an object of the present invention to optimize a transformer of the type mentioned in terms of its power density by further improving the cooling performance. This object is achieved by a transformer with integrated cooling with the features of claim 1.

Der Transformator mit integrierter Kühlung umfasst eine primar- und sekundärseitige Wicklung sowie eine in zumindest eine der beiden Wicklungen teilweise oder vollständig eingebettete Kühlmittelleitung, die aus einer Versorgungseinrichtung mit Kühlmittel speisbar ist. Hierbei weist die Kühlmittelleitung eine Vielzahl von Austrittsöffnungen auf, die in Richtung der zumindest einen Wicklung münden, um diese mit Kühlmittel zu beaufschlagen.The transformer with integrated cooling comprises a primary and secondary winding and a partially or completely embedded in at least one of the two windings coolant line, which can be fed from a supply device with coolant. Here, the coolant line has a variety from outlet openings, which open in the direction of the at least one winding in order to pressurize them with coolant.

Durch die unmittelbare Umspülung der zu kühlenden Windungen mit Kühlmittel ist eine besonders gute Wärmeableitung sichergestellt, was zu einer entsprechenden Verbesserung der Leistungsdichte des Transformators führt. Das erwärmte Kühlmittel kann hierbei zwischen den Windungen der zumindest einen Wicklung in Richtung eines Auffangbehälters abfließen und von dort mittels einer von der Versorgungseinrichtung umfassten Kühlmittelpumpe einem Wärmetauscher zur Abgabe aufgenommener Abwärme zugeführt werden. Aufgrund der Kapillarwirkung aneinander grenzender Windungen ist eine selbsttätige Verteilung des Kühlmittels innerhalb der betreffenden Wicklung des Transformators gewährleistet.By the immediate flushing of the windings to be cooled with coolant, a particularly good heat dissipation is ensured, which leads to a corresponding improvement in the power density of the transformer. In this case, the heated coolant can flow away between the turns of the at least one winding in the direction of a collecting container and can be supplied from there by means of a coolant pump encompassed by the supply device to a heat exchanger for discharging absorbed waste heat. Due to the capillary action of adjacent turns an automatic distribution of the coolant is ensured within the respective winding of the transformer.

In Laborversuchen konnte mittels eines mit der vorstehend beschriebenen integrierten Kühlung ausgestatteten Transformators eine Leistungsdichte von mehr als 5kW/kg erzielt werden.In laboratory experiments, a power density of more than 5 kW / kg could be achieved by means of a transformer equipped with the above-described integrated cooling.

Bei dem Transformator kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Mittelfrequenztransformator für Frequenzen im Bereich einiger 100 Hz bis einiger 1000 Hz handeln, der Bestandteil einer Energieübertragungsstrecke zwischen einer Energieversorgungsstation und einem elektrisch betriebenen landwirtschaftlichen Fahrzeug, beispielweise einem landwirtschaftlichen Traktor, ist. Zur Reduzierung von Leitungsverlusten erfolgt die Übertragung der elektrischen Energie typischerweise auf Mittelspannungsniveau, was eine fahrzeugseitige Anpassung (Verringerung) auf Bordspannungsniveau erforderlich macht. Hierzu kann der Transformator als Zwei- oder Dreiphasentransformator ausgebildet sein.The transformer may, for example, be a medium frequency transformer for frequencies in the range of a few hundred Hz to several thousand Hz, which is part of an energy transmission path between a power supply station and an electrically operated agricultural vehicle, for example an agricultural tractor. In order to reduce line losses, the transmission of electrical energy is typically at medium voltage levels, requiring on-board adjustment (reduction) to on-board voltage levels. For this purpose, the transformer may be formed as a two- or three-phase transformer.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Transformators gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Advantageous embodiments of the transformer according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Vorzugsweise ist die Kühlmittelleitung als flexible Schlauchleitung ausgebildet und besteht aus hitzebeständigem Kunststoff, insbesondere aus PTFE, Silikon oder Viton. Die Anzahl und/oder Verteilung der Austrittsöffnungen entlang der Wandung der Kühlmittelleitung wird hierbei auf Grundlage von Versuchen und/oder computergestützten Simulationen ermittelt.Preferably, the coolant line is designed as a flexible hose and is made of heat-resistant plastic, in particular PTFE, silicone or Viton. The number and / or distribution of the outlet openings along the wall of the coolant line is determined on the basis of tests and / or computer-aided simulations.

Erfindungsgemäß verläuft die Kühlmittelleitung mit der zumindest einen Wicklung gleichsinnig gewunden, sodass zu möglichen Feldinhomogenitäten und damit Leistungsverlusten führende Zwischenräume innerhalb der betreffenden Wicklung reduziert werden können. Die Kühlmittelleitung kann hierbei zwischen benachbarten Windungen ein und derselben Wicklungslage verlaufen oder aber eine separate (Zwischen-)Lage bilden.According to the invention, the coolant line runs with the at least one winding wound in the same direction, so that possible field inhomogeneities and thus power losses leading gaps can be reduced within the respective winding. The coolant line can in this case run between adjacent turns of the same winding layer or form a separate (intermediate) layer.

Insbesondere kann eine erste und/oder zweite Kühlmittelleitung vorgesehen sein, wobei die erste Kühlmittelleitung um eine innenliegende Wicklungslage der primärseitigen Wicklung und/oder die zweite Kühlmittelleitung um eine außenliegende Wicklungslage der sekundärseitigen Wicklung gewunden ist. Eine derartige Konfiguration ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn zwischen primär- und sekundärseitiger Wicklung des Transformators eine Isolierlage und/oder eine (aus Kupferfolie bestehende) HF-Abschirmung vorgesehen ist, mithin die Verwendung einer gemeinsamen Kühlmittelleitung aufgrund der räumlichen Trennung nicht möglich ist. Mit anderen Worten verlaufen die beiden Kühlmittelleitungen jeweils möglichst im Randbereich des durch die primär- und sekundärseitigen Wicklungen gebildeten Wicklungspakets, sodass sich unerwünschte Feldinhomogenitäten innerhalb des Wicklungspakets einschließlich der damit einhergehenden Leistungsverluste weitgehend vermeiden lassen.In particular, a first and / or second coolant line may be provided, wherein the first coolant line is wound around an inner winding layer of the primary side winding and / or the second coolant line around an outer winding layer of the secondary side winding. Such a configuration is particularly advantageous if between the primary and secondary side winding of the transformer, an insulating layer and / or (consisting of copper foil) RF shield is provided, thus the use of a common coolant line due to the spatial separation is not possible. In other words, the two coolant lines run as far as possible in the edge region of the winding package formed by the primary and secondary windings, so that undesired To avoid field inhomogeneities within the winding package, including the associated power losses largely.

Hierbei besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die erste Kühlmittelleitung entlang ihrer Wandung unidirektional verteilt angeordnete Austrittsöffnungen aufweist, sodass die primärseitige Wicklung von innen nach außen mit Kühlmittel durchströmt wird.In this case, there is the possibility that the first coolant line has unidirectionally distributed outlet openings along its wall, so that coolant flows through the primary-side winding from the inside to the outside.

Dementsprechend ist es möglich, dass die zweite Kühlmittelleitung entlang ihrer Wandung ausschließlich nach innen gerichtete Austrittsöffnungen aufweist, was es ermöglicht, das Kühlmittel gezielt zur Kühlung der sekundärseitigen Wicklung auszubringen.Accordingly, it is possible for the second coolant line to have only inwardly directed outlet openings along its wall, which makes it possible to deploy the coolant specifically for cooling the secondary-side winding.

Das erwärmte Kühlmittel tritt hierbei an den Stirnseiten der primär- und sekundärseitigen Wicklungen aus, um von dort unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft in den Auffangbehälter zurückzufließen.The heated coolant exits at the end faces of the primary and secondary windings to flow back from there under the action of gravity in the collecting container.

Für den Fall, dass der Transformator als Spannungsherabsetzer ausgebildet ist, mithin die sekundärseitig auftretenden Verlustleistungen größer sind als die primärseitigen, hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die erste Kühlmittelleitung einen Innendurchmesser von 2 bis 4 mm und/oder die zweite Kühlmittelleitung einen Innendurchmesser von 5 bis 7 mm aufweist. Der genaue Innendurchmesser hängt - wie auch derjenige der Austrittsöffnungen - von unterschiedlichen Gegebenheiten ab, insbesondere der Viskosität des verwendeten Kühlmittels, dem Fördervolumen der Kühlmittelpumpe, dem Durchflusswiderstand der Wicklungen, der abzuführenden Verlustleistung, und dergleichen.In the event that the transformer is designed as a voltage reducer, thus the secondary power losses are greater than the primary side, it has proved to be advantageous if the first coolant line an inner diameter of 2 to 4 mm and / or the second coolant line has an inner diameter of 5 to 7 mm. The exact inner diameter depends - as well as that of the outlet openings - from different circumstances, in particular the viscosity of the coolant used, the delivery volume of the coolant pump, the flow resistance of the windings, the dissipated power loss, and the like.

Bei dem durch die Kühlmittelleitung fließenden Kühlmittel handelt es sich bevorzugt um eine nichtleitende Kühlflüssigkeit mit nichtkorrosiven Eigenschaften, beispielsweise um ein hitzebeständiges Öl, insbesondere Silikonöl.The coolant flowing through the coolant line is preferably a nonconductive cooling fluid with non-corrosive properties, for example a heat-resistant oil, in particular silicone oil.

Der erfindungsgemäße Transformator mit integrierter Kühlung wird im Folgenden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Transformators im Schnitt, und
Fig. 2
ein perspektivische Außenansicht des in Fig. 1 wiedergegebenen Transformators.
The transformer according to the invention with integrated cooling is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of an embodiment of the transformer according to the invention in section, and
Fig. 2
an external perspective view of Fig. 1 reproduced transformer.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Transformators im Schnitt. Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the transformer according to the invention in section.

Der Transformator 10 umfasst ein Blechpaket 12 sowie einen auf dem Blechpaket 12 angeordneten Wickelkörper 14 aus Kunststoff. Der Wickelkörper 14 trägt eine innenliegende primärseitige Wicklung 16 sowie eine außenliegende sekundärseitige Wicklung 18. Jede der Wicklungen 16, 18 weist mehrere Wicklungslagen 20, 22 auf. Die einzelnen Windungen 24, 26 der Wicklungslagen 20, 22 bestehen aus Kupferlackdraht oder lackisolierter Litze. Zwischen den beiden Wicklungen 16, 18 verläuft eine aus Kunststofffolie bestehende Isolierlage 28.The transformer 10 includes a laminated core 12 and a arranged on the laminated core 12 winding body 14 made of plastic. The winding body 14 carries an inner primary-side winding 16 and an outer secondary-side winding 18. Each of the windings 16, 18 has a plurality of winding layers 20, 22. The individual turns 24, 26 of the winding layers 20, 22 are made of copper enameled wire or enamel-insulated stranded wire. Between the two windings 16, 18 extends an existing plastic film insulating layer 28th

Beispielsgemäß ist der Transformator 10 als Spannungsherabsetzer ausgebildet, bei dem die Windungen 24 der primärseitigen Wicklung 16 einen gegenüber den Windungen 26 der sekundärseitigen Wicklung 18 geringeren Durchmesser aufweisen.By way of example, the transformer 10 is designed as a voltage dropper, in which the windings 24 of the primary-side winding 16 have a relation to the turns 26 of the secondary-side winding 18 of smaller diameter.

Des Weiteren ist eine erste und zweite Kühlmittelleitung 30, 32 vorgesehen, wobei die erste Kühlmittelleitung 30 in Gestalt einer Zwischenlage 34 um eine innenliegende (erste) Wicklungslage 20 der primärseitigen Wicklung 16 und die zweite Kühlmittelleitung 32 in Gestalt einer Außenlage 36 um eine außenliegende (letzte) Wicklungslage 22 der sekundärseitigen Wicklung 18 gleichsinnig gewunden ist. Wie sich Fig. 1 entnehmen lässt, verlaufen die Kühlmittelleitungen 30, 32 jeweils entlang der durch aneinandergrenzende Windungen 24, 26 gebildeten Zwischenräume 38, 40, sodass diese in die betreffende Wicklung 16, 18 teilweise oder vollständig eingebettet sind. Die sekundärseitige Wicklung 18 ist hierbei gemeinsam mit der zweiten Kühlmittelleitung 32 von einer weiteren abschließenden Isolierlage 42 umgeben.Furthermore, a first and second coolant line 30, 32 is provided, wherein the first coolant line 30 in the form of an intermediate layer 34 about an inner (first) winding layer 20 of the primary-side winding 16 and the second coolant line 32 in the form of an outer layer 36 to an external (last ) Winding layer 22 of the secondary-side winding 18 is wound in the same direction. Like yourself Fig. 1 can be seen, the coolant lines 30, 32 each extend along the spaces formed by adjacent turns 24, 26, 38, 40, so that they are partially or completely embedded in the respective winding 16, 18. The secondary-side winding 18 is in this case surrounded together with the second coolant line 32 by a further final insulating layer 42.

Die beiden Kühlmittelleitungen 30, 32 sind Bestandteil eines Kühlmittelkreislaufs 44, der aus einem Auffangbehälter 46, einer von einer Versorgungseinrichtung 48 umfassten Kühlmittelpumpe 50, einem Wärmetauscher 52 zur Abgabe aufgenommener Abwärme sowie zugehörigen Zuleitungen 54, 56 und 58 besteht. Der Auffangbehälter 46 ist beispielsweise durch eine Bodenwanne eines nicht dargestellten Außengehäuses des Transformators 10 gebildet.The two coolant lines 30, 32 are part of a coolant circuit 44, which consists of a collecting container 46, a coolant pump 50 encompassed by a supply device 48, a heat exchanger 52 for discharging absorbed waste heat and associated supply lines 54, 56 and 58. The collecting container 46 is formed for example by a bottom trough of an outer housing, not shown, of the transformer 10.

Jede der Kühlmittelleitungen 30, 32 weist eine Vielzahl von Austrittsöffnungen 60, 62 auf, die in Richtung der betreffenden Wicklung 16, 18 münden, um diese unmittelbar mit Kühlmittel zu beaufschlagen bzw. zu umspülen. Genauer gesagt weist die erste Kühlmittelleitung 30 entlang ihrer Wandung unidirektional verteilt angeordnete Austrittsöffnungen 60 auf, wohingegen die zweite Kühlmittelleitung 32 entlang ihrer Wandung ausschließlich nach innen gerichtete Austrittsöffnungen 62 aufweist.Each of the coolant lines 30, 32 has a plurality of outlet openings 60, 62, which open in the direction of the respective winding 16, 18 in order to directly impinge or flush with them coolant. More specifically, the first coolant line 30 along its wall unidirectionally distributed arranged outlet openings 60, whereas the second Coolant line 32 along its wall has only inwardly directed outlet openings 62.

Das erwärmte Kühlmittel tritt anschließend an den Stirnseiten 64, 66 der primär- und sekundärseitigen Wicklungen 16, 18 aus, um von dort unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft in den Auffangbehälter 46 zurückzufließen.The heated coolant then exits at the end faces 64, 66 of the primary and secondary windings 16, 18 to flow back from there into the collecting container 46 under the effect of gravity.

Die Kühlmittelleitungen 30, 32 sind jeweils als flexible Schlauchleitungen ausgebildet und bestehen aus hitzebeständigem Kunststoff, insbesondere aus PTFE, Silikon oder Viton. Die Anzahl und/oder Verteilung der Austrittsöffnungen 60, 62 entlang der Wandungen der Kühlmittelleitungen 30, 32 wird hierbei auf Grundlage von Versuchen und/oder computergestützten Simulationen ermittelt.The coolant lines 30, 32 are each designed as flexible hose lines and are made of heat-resistant plastic, in particular PTFE, silicone or Viton. The number and / or distribution of the outlet openings 60, 62 along the walls of the coolant lines 30, 32 is determined on the basis of tests and / or computer-aided simulations.

Beispielsgemäß weist die erste Kühlmittelleitung 30 einen Innendurchmesser von 2 bis 4 mm und die zweite Kühlmittelleitung 32 einen Innendurchmesser von 5 bis 7 mm auf. Der genaue Innendurchmesser hängt - wie auch derjenige der Austrittsöffnungen 60, 62 - von unterschiedlichen Gegebenheiten ab, insbesondere der Viskosität des verwendeten Kühlmittels, dem Fördervolumen der Kühlmittelpumpe 50, dem Durchflusswiderstand der Wicklungen 16, 18, der abzuführenden Verlustleistung, und dergleichen.By way of example, the first coolant line 30 has an inner diameter of 2 to 4 mm and the second coolant line 32 has an inner diameter of 5 to 7 mm. The exact inner diameter depends - as well as that of the outlet openings 60, 62 - on different circumstances, in particular the viscosity of the coolant used, the delivery volume of the coolant pump 50, the flow resistance of the windings 16, 18, the dissipated power loss, and the like.

Bei dem durch die Kühlmittelleitung 30, 32 fließenden Kühlmittel handelt es sich um eine nichtleitende Kühlflüssigkeit mit nichtkorrosiven Eigenschaften, beispielsweise um ein hitzebeständiges Öl, insbesondere Silikonöl.The coolant flowing through the coolant line 30, 32 is a non-conductive cooling fluid with non-corrosive properties, for example a heat-resistant oil, in particular silicone oil.

Fig. 2 zeigt ergänzend eine perspektivische Außenansicht des in Fig. 1 wiedergegebenen Transformators 10, wobei die weitere Isolierlage 42 weggelassen ist, sodass der Verlauf der zweiten Kühlmittelleitung 32 entlang der durch die aneinandergrenzenden Windungen 26 der sekundärseitigen Wicklung 18 gebildeten Zwischenräume 40 sichtbar ist. Fig. 2 additionally shows an external perspective view of the in Fig. 1 reproduced transformer 10, wherein the further insulating layer 42 is omitted, so that the course of the second coolant line 32 along the formed by the adjacent turns 26 of the secondary-side winding 18 spaces 40 is visible.

Bei dem Transformator 10 handelt es sich um einen Mittelfrequenztransformator für Frequenzen im Bereich einiger 100 Hz bis einiger 1000 Hz, der Bestandteil einer nicht dargestellten Energieübertragungsstrecke zwischen einer Energieversorgungsstation und einem elektrisch betriebenen landwirtschaftlichen Fahrzeug, beispielweise einem landwirtschaftlichen Traktor, ist. Zur Reduzierung von Leitungsverlusten erfolgt die Übertragung der elektrischen Energie auf Mittelspannungsniveau, was eine fahrzeugseitige Anpassung (Verringerung) auf Bordspannungsniveau erforderlich macht. Hierzu ist der Transformator 10 als Zwei- oder Dreiphasentransformator ausgebildet.The transformer 10 is a medium frequency transformer for frequencies in the range of several 100 Hz to several 1000 Hz, which is part of a not shown energy transmission path between a power station and an electrically operated agricultural vehicle, such as an agricultural tractor. To reduce line losses, the transmission of electrical energy to medium voltage level, which makes an on-board adjustment (reduction) to on-board voltage level required. For this purpose, the transformer 10 is designed as a two- or three-phase transformer.

Claims (7)

  1. Transformer with integrated cooling, comprising a primary-side and secondary-side coil (16, 18) and a coolant line (30, 32), which is partly or completely embedded into at least one of the two coils (16, 18) and can be fed with coolant from a supply device (48), wherein the coolant line (30, 32) has a multiplicity of outlet openings (60, 62), which lead in the direction of the at least one coil (16, 18), in order to supply coolant to said outlet openings, characterized in that the coolant line (30, 32) runs with the at least one coil (16, 18) wound in the same direction between adjacent windings (24, 26) of one and the same coil layer (20, 22) and along the intermediate spaces formed by windings (24, 26) adjoining one another and is partly or completely embedded into the relevant coil (16, 18).
  2. Transformer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coolant line (30, 32) is designed as a flexible hose line and consists of heat-resistant plastic, in particular of PTFE, silicone or Viton.
  3. Transformer according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a first and/or second coolant line (30, 32) is provided, wherein the first coolant line (30) is wound around an inner coil layer (20) of the primary-side coil (16) and/or the second coolant line (32) is wound around an outer coil layer (22) of the secondary-side coil (18).
  4. Transformer according to Claim 3, characterized in that the first coolant line (30) has outlet openings (60) arranged so as to be distributed in a unidirectional manner along the wall of said first coolant line.
  5. Transformer according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the second coolant line (32) has outlet openings (62) oriented exclusively inwards along the wall of said second coolant line.
  6. Transformer according to at least one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the first coolant line (30) has an inner diameter of 2 to 4 mm and/or the second coolant line (32) has an inner diameter of 5 to 7 mm.
  7. Transformer according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the coolant flowing through the coolant line (30, 32) is a heat-resistant oil, in particular silicone oil.
EP18154040.2A 2017-02-10 2018-01-30 Transformer with integrated cooling Active EP3361485B1 (en)

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ES2884080T3 (en) * 2018-10-31 2021-12-10 Abb Power Grids Switzerland Ag Transformer and manufacturing procedure of a transformer
CN110069020A (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-07-30 中国长江电力股份有限公司 A kind of transformer forced oil circulation water-cooling cooler simulation control subsystem

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US20210287844A1 (en) 2021-09-16
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EP3361485A1 (en) 2018-08-15
US20180233271A1 (en) 2018-08-16

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