Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
  • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
  • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
  • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a building block, a mold and a press for manufacturing the building block, and a method of constructing a wall from a set of such building blocks.
• a building block is an element intended to form part of a wall.
• a wall is constructed by assembling several building blocks, which may include, for example, bricks, concrete blocks, and / or solidification blocks (chaining).
• the building blocks may include through holes, which are intended to receive reinforcing bars and / or concrete.
• the present invention improves the situation.
• the invention proposes a building block intended to be used for the construction of a wall, characterized in that it comprises several faces, the building block further comprising one or more through holes ( s), each of said faces further having a set of concave and / or convex elements, said elements concave and / or convex respectively being intended to cooperate with convex and / or concave elements of other building blocks.
• the building block is a brick.
• the building block is a chaining.
• the building block is for example made of raw earth or concrete.
• the building block has for example a parallelepiped shape.
• the invention also provides a mold configured to fabricate a building block as described above.
• the invention also provides a press configured to use the above mold for manufacturing a building block.
• the invention also provides a method of constructing a wall, comprising the steps of:
• Figure 1 is a schematic view in transparency and in perspective of a brick according to one embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view in transparency and in perspective of a chaining according to one embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of a mold for making bricks according to an embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of a press adapted to receive the mold of Figure 3;
• Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of a first example of a wall constructed from bricks and chaining.
• Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of a second example of a wall constructed from bricks and chaining.
• the invention is obj and a building block.
• a building block is an element intended to form part of a wall.
• the wall is built by assembling several building blocks, which are implemented (ie assembled) staggered.
• a building block is for example a brick 1 or a chaining 101.
• the term "chaining” is a building block designed to solidify horizontally and / or vertically a brick assembly.
• the building block 1, 101 can be made of different materials, depending on the application.
• the building block 1, 101 is for example made of compressed raw earth or concrete.
• the building block is a brick 1.
• the brick 1 here is parallelepipedal and comprises an upper face (called “facing") 3, a lower face (called “ 4), two longitudinal lateral faces (called “longitudinal fields”) 5 and 6, and two transverse lateral faces (called “transverse fields”) 7 and 8.
• Brick 1 can be hollow or full.
• Brick 1 has one or more orifices 9 and 10.
• Brick 1 shown in FIG. 1 has two orifices 9 and 10. Each orifice 9, 10 passes through brick 1 vertically between its upper face 3 and its lower face 4.
• Each edge of the ends of the orifices 9, 10 and each edge of the faces 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 has a chamfer 2.
• the chamfers 2 make it possible to increase the strength of the brick 1.
• the orifices 9, 10 are intended to receive solidifying elements, such as reinforcing bars, and / or solidification material, such as concrete, after the brick 1 has been staggered together with other building blocks (bricks and / or chaining).
• the upper 3, lower 4 and lateral 5 to 8 faces of the brick 1 each have a rectangular shape.
• the upper 3 and lower 4 faces of the brick 1 have a square shape.
• the faces 3 to 8 of the brick 1 may have any type of shape, depending on the application, that is to say of the desired shape for the wall.
• the building block is a chaining 101.
• the chaining 101 comprises a lower face (called “counter-assembly”) 104, and two longitudinal lateral faces (called “longitudinal fields”) 105 and 106.
• the chaining 101 may further comprise a transverse lateral face (called “transverse field” , not shown).
• the lower faces 104 and longitudinal sides 105 and 106 of the chaining 101 each have a rectangular shape.
• the faces 104 to 106 of the chaining 101 may have different shapes, depending on the application.
• Chaining 101 has one or more orifices.
• Chaining 101 shown in Figure 2 has two orifices 109 and 110, disposed on its lower face 104.
• Each edge of the ends of the orifices 109, 110 and each edge of the faces 104, 105, 106 has a chamfer 102.
• the chamfers 102 allow to increase the strength of chaining 101.
• Each face 3 to 8, and 104 to 106 of the building block 1, 101 comprises a set of concave elements (i.e. of grooves) Ecc and / or convex (ie ribs) Ecv.
• the brick 1 comprises convex elements Ecv on its upper face 3, on one of its longitudinal lateral faces 5, and on one of its lateral lateral faces) 7.
• the brick 1 further comprises concave elements Ecc on its lower face 4, on the other of its longitudinal lateral faces 6, and on the other of its transverse lateral faces 8.
• the concave Ecc and convex Ecv elements are rectilinear and arranged along axes orthogonal to the axes of the orifices 9, 10 of the brick 1.
• the chaining 101 comprises concave elements Ecc on its lower face 104, and on one of its longitudinal lateral faces 105.
• Chaining 101 further comprises convex elements Ecv on one of its other longitudinal side faces 106.
• the concave elements Ecc and convex Ecv are rectilinear and arranged along axes orthogonal to the axes of the orifices 109, 110 of the chaining 101.
• the Ecc and convex concave elements Ecv of a building block 1, 101 are intended to cooperate with convex Ecv and concave elements Ecc of other building blocks 1, 101.
• the function of the Ecc and convex concave elements Ecv is to form bracing to improve the quality of the assembly of building blocks 1, 101.
• the wall constructed with building blocks according to the invention thus has a better strength. In particular, the wall has better resistance to an earthquake.
• the combination of the chamfers / recesses and the concave Ecc and convex Ecv elements makes it possible to build a wall that meets seismic standards.
• the invention also relates to a mold configured to produce a building block 1, 101.
• the mold is made of a material adapted to the material forming the building block 1, 101.
• the mold is for example made of plastic or metal (for example steel) .
• FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of a mold 20 making it possible to manufacture two 1-square bricks.
• the mold 20 has two upper half-faces 21a and 21b, two lower half-faces 22a and 22b, two longitudinal lateral faces 23 and 24, and three transverse lateral faces 25, 26 and 27.
• Each of the faces 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 comprises concave elements E 'ce and convex E'cv, which are inverted with respect to what is desired for the corresponding face of the brick 1.
• the two lower half-faces 22a, 22b also include protuberances 28a and 28b making it possible to form the orifices 9, 10, bricks 1.
• a mold making it possible to manufacture a chained construction element 101 is made in a similar manner, and will not be described in detail.
• the invention is also obj and a press configured to use a mold, for example the mold 20, to manufacture a building block 1, 101.
• the press 30 comprises a frame 31, an insertion module 32 of a material used to manufacture the building block, a molding module 33 of the building block, and a means of assembly. actuating 34 of the molding module 33.
• the molding module 33 is configured to receive a mold, for example the mold 20.
• the actuating means 34 are manual and comprise a crank. It is obvious that other types of presses can be used, for example pneumatic, hydraulic, or pneumatic-pneumatic presses.
• the invention also relates to a method of constructing a wall from building blocks as described above.
• the method here comprises a first step of arranging a first set of bricks 1 side-by-side to form a first row RI of a wall 40 (FIG. 5).
• the bricks 1 of the first row RI are arranged so that the convex elements Ecv of a transverse lateral face 7 of a brick 1 cooperate with the concave elements Ecc of a transverse lateral face 8 of the adjacent brick 1.
• the method comprises a second step of disposing a second set of bricks 1, to form a second row E2, disposed above the first row El.
• the bricks 1 of the second row E2 are arranged in staggered relation to the bricks 1 of the first row R1, so that the convex elements Ecv of the upper faces 3 of the bricks 1 of the first row R1 cooperate with the concave elements Ecc of the faces lower 4 bricks 1 of the second row R2.
• the bricks 1 of the second row R2 are further arranged so that the convex elements Ecv of a transverse lateral face 7 of a brick 1 cooperate with the concave elements Ecc of a transverse lateral face 8 of the brick 1 adj acente.
• the second step is then repeated to form a predefined number of rows, for example three rows R1, R2 and R3.
• the number of rows depends on the seismic risk of the area considered, as well as the quality of the basements.
• the row R4 of chaining 1 is disposed above the row R3 of bricks 1 so that the convex elements Ecv of the upper faces 3 of the bricks 1 cooperate with the concave elements Ecc of the lower faces 104 of the chaining 101.
• Concrete bars 41 may then be vertically disposed in the orifices 9, 10, 109, 110 of the bricks 1 and chaining 101.
• Concrete reinforcing bars can also be arranged horizontally in the chaining 101.
• concrete 42 may be poured into the orifices to solidify the structure forming the wall 40.
• the steps described above are then repeated until the desired height for the wall 40 is obtained.
• FIG. 6 represents a wall 50 having three thicknesses.
• the building blocks 1, 101 are arranged in such a way that the convex elements Ecv of a longitudinal lateral face 5, 106 of a building block 1, 101 cooperate with the elements. Ecc concave with a longitudinal side face 6, 105 of the building block 1, 101 corresponding to 1 adj uent thickness.
• the building blocks 1, 101 of a thickness are further arranged in staggered relation to the blocks of 1 'thickness adj acente.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
• Retaining Walls (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=55451267

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2015
  • 2015-10-07 FR FR1559555A patent/FR3042207B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-10-07 EP EP16779073.2A patent/EP3359755A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-10-07 WO PCT/EP2016/074103 patent/WO2017060494A1/fr active Application Filing

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