EP3356868A1 - Panneau routier rétroréfléchissant, matériau en bande rétroréfléchissant et procédé de fabrication associé - Google Patents

Panneau routier rétroréfléchissant, matériau en bande rétroréfléchissant et procédé de fabrication associé

Info

Publication number
EP3356868A1
EP3356868A1 EP16784804.3A EP16784804A EP3356868A1 EP 3356868 A1 EP3356868 A1 EP 3356868A1 EP 16784804 A EP16784804 A EP 16784804A EP 3356868 A1 EP3356868 A1 EP 3356868A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mirror
strip material
shield
triple
mirror surfaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16784804.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Pfundstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Erich Utsch AG
Original Assignee
Erich Utsch AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erich Utsch AG filed Critical Erich Utsch AG
Publication of EP3356868A1 publication Critical patent/EP3356868A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
    • G02B5/122—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type
    • G02B5/124—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a retroreflective shield, a retroreflective tape material, and a method of making a retroreflective shield.
  • Retroreflective sheeting is laminated, has long been known.
  • the use of retroreflective sheeting for license plate or signage is mandatory in a variety of countries through their respective national registration requirements.
  • Retroreflective license plates or signs have a high detectability under retroreflective condition due to their retroreflectivity.
  • retroreflective materials for traffic safety and lighting requirements for reflective fabrics are deposited, for example, in DIN 67520.
  • retroreflective materials are classified according to the luminance perceived by a road user from a considered traffic sign.
  • the construction of the considered retroreflective structures is irrelevant.
  • the reflection classes (RA classes) describe the minimum requirements for a material with regard to a specific retroreflective value.
  • the structural design of a selected reflection material has a great importance.
  • the structure determines the durability of a sign as well as the reflection reserves of a reflective fabric.
  • the performance of modern microprismatic films is superior to those of older glass-blowing technology, which has long been known from the prior art.
  • the reflective foil construction is differentiated according to the structure A, the structure B and the structure C.
  • the structure A comprises a base reflective foil and glass beads.
  • a transparent intermediate layer is provided between the reflective foil and the glass spheres so that the spheres act as a thick lens and a light beam incident on the sphere is refracted such that its focal point lies substantially behind the sphere substantially on the reflective layer. This reflects light back in a narrow angle to the light source.
  • Reflective films with the structure B represent a more retroreflective film based on encapsulated glass spheres.
  • a reflection layer lies in a region directly against the glass spheres. This ensures that retroreflection can be achieved in a wider viewing angle range than type A foils.
  • an air cushion can be arranged above the balls to the incident light.
  • Reflective films with the structure C have a reflective layer within the film based on a microprismatic technology. These types of foils exceed the requirements of glassblowing technology.
  • a layer having a prismatic structure is applied to a carrier layer, which is further coated with a cover layer toward the reflective side.
  • Reflective films of the structure C are complicated to produce due to the micro-prism technology. Several layers must be connected.
  • a suitable transparent layer must be applied to protect the microprismatic structure, since it is very sensitive.
  • retroreflectors are also known from the prior art, which are used, for example, on people, obstacles, traffic signs, guidance devices and vehicles to improve their visibility at night in the spotlight.
  • Retroreflektoren throw against the direction of incidence back a light beam to the light source. So that the observer does not have to look directly into the reflected light beam, irradiated retroreflective agents work best if they have a small angular spread, but even if they are illuminated obliquely, they have good effects. These two parameters characterize retroreflective elements.
  • triple mirror structures are known as reflectors made of transparent materials. These structures have a smooth surface in the direction of irradiation. From the back, such reflectors have a structure of many prominent cube corners. For reflection, these reflectors need not be mirrored, since inside the material, a total reflection results inside the material at the interface between the cube corners and the air. These elements are often referred to as cat's eyes.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved variant of a retroreflective shield and an improved production method.
  • a retroreflective shield having the features of claim 1 a retroreflective belt material having the features of claim 16, and a method of making a retroreflective shield having the features of claim 30.
  • Advantageous further embodiments are specified in each of the subclaims. All combinations, as well as only individual combinations, between the retroreflective shield, the retroreflective strip material and the method for producing a retroreflective shield can be used together. Furthermore, it is also envisaged and possible to use one or more features. male of the shield, the band material and the method to combine arbitrarily.
  • the shield is designed for the front surface retroreflective.
  • the described features of the cusp mirror structure can all be expressly applied to the retroreflective shield, the retroreflective ribbon, and the described method of making a retroreflective shield.
  • a triple mirror structure in a body will be described.
  • the body can also be designed as a shield or band material.
  • a front surface retroreflective shield comprising a triple mirror structure, wherein the triple mirror structure comprises a triple mirror with at least three mutually perpendicular mirror faces for retroreflection, wherein the triple mirror is formed as a recess in a surface of the shield and forms mirror surfaces, which mirror from the air side are formed.
  • the shield is made of metal at least in the region of the mirror surfaces.
  • the metal aluminum or an aluminum alloy is particularly preferred.
  • the shield according to the invention and the strip material according to the invention therefore differ from the prior art widely known retoreflectors based on prismatic elements in that the retroreflection is not based on total internal reflection on the surfaces of the prismatic elements, but on a front surface Reflection on the mirror surfaces of the triple mirror structure, ie. seen from the air side of the retroreflective shield or tape.
  • the exterior surfaces of a prismatic element-based retroreflector based on total internal reflection when illuminated from the air side, form retroreflective corner mirrors, even when the prismatic surfaces are mirrored.
  • the geometry of the body surface, in which the prismatic Seen surfaces are formed is different, depending on whether they are viewed from the inside of the body or from the air side of the body. A geometry in which retroreflection occurs is always possible only from one of the two half-spaces.
  • an arrangement of three mirror surfaces is meant perpendicular to each other in the three spatial planes, so that these three mirror surfaces are suitable as a reflector to retroreflect incident light.
  • Retroreflective in this context means to throw back an incident light beam to the source irrespective of the angle of incidence.
  • the invention uses only the geometry of triple mirror surfaces.
  • the mirror surfaces are not first formed by total internal reflection in the interior of a material, but according to the invention as a recess with reflective surfaces, which are arranged as a triple mirror to each other at right angles in the three spatial planes provided.
  • depressions are introduced into a surface of a shield, which are formed only in regions as mirror surfaces.
  • triple mirrors always at least three surfaces are necessary.
  • a multiple of three is provided on mirror surfaces.
  • a depression in a shield can also be equipped with six or nine mirror surfaces.
  • the prerequisite for the formation of a triple mirror for retroreflection is merely that in each case three mirror surfaces in the three spatial directions are arranged at right angles to each other so as to retroreflect at least part of the incident light. In each case three mirror surfaces which are arranged in three mutually perpendicular spatial directions, then form a triple mirror.
  • the mirror surfaces form a tip. In a further embodiment it is provided that the tip forms the lowest point of the depression. In a further embodiment it is provided that the mirror surfaces are triangular. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the mirror surfaces are quadrangular, preferably square. A triple mirror structure with square-shaped mirror surfaces is referred to below as "full cubes.” In a further embodiment, it is provided that the triple mirror has a triangular base area.
  • the triple mirrors are formed as a recess in the surface of the shield, that this recess is formed as an impression of a cube corner. It follows that the impression of the corner of a cube is formed as a tip of the depression, which then represents the lowest point of the depression. Furthermore, it follows that the three mirror surfaces are configured substantially triangular.
  • the base of the recess as a triple mirror results in a substantially triangular shape.
  • the mirror surface in this context is a reflective surface, i. E.
  • the mirror surfaces provide a sufficiently smooth surface to reflect light or other radiation.
  • a triple mirror structure with square-shaped mirrors as a "full-cubes" structure is also possible, since the degree of retroreflection of a triple mirror can be influenced both by the size of the mirror surfaces and by the surface properties of the mirror surfaces.
  • the requirements for the degree of reflection vary depending on the application.
  • the degree of reflection can be adjusted for example by the size of the mirror surfaces. The smaller the mirror surface the less reflection, the bigger the more. It is conceivable, on the one hand, that a corner of a cube is introduced into the shield only in a shallow depth as an impression. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the area, which is configured as a reflecting mirror surface for a triple mirror, is adapted in size in a depression.
  • the degree of retroreflection can also be adapted by the surfaces of the mirror surfaces by more or less reflective mirror surfaces. In this case, a triple mirror with strongly reflecting mirror surfaces reflects more light than a triple mirror, in which the mirror surfaces, or at least one mirror surface, have a reduced degree of reflection.
  • triangular shapes and squares can be chosen for the mirror surfaces of a triplet mirror.
  • a triple mirror which has a directional symmetric retroreflective effect.
  • triple mirrors which are formed of squares. If mirror surfaces of different formats and shapes are selected for the triple mirror, then a different degree of retroreflection results, depending on the viewing angle or angle of illumination.
  • the triple mirror comprises a mirror surface which has at least one side with a length in the range of 70 to 400 ⁇ m.
  • the triple mirror structure has a microstructure at least in regions.
  • the triple mirrors are formed from triangular, mutually adjacent mirror surfaces.
  • the triple mirror of this embodiment is equipped as an imprint of an equilateral pyramid with equilateral triangular base in the surface of the shield.
  • Such a triple mirror then has 6 pages.
  • the lengths of these sides are preferably designed in the range from 70 to 400 ⁇ m.
  • the depth of the triple mirror structure can also be in the micrometer range.
  • the depth of the triple mirror structure is thus the distance from the surface of the shield to the deepest point of the depression, in which the mirror surfaces of the Tripeispiegeis are designed.
  • the mirror surfaces are formed as smooth surfaces in a recess on the surface of the shield in the material of the shield inside.
  • the shield has a coating at least in the region of the mirror surfaces. The coating can be made substantially reflective.
  • the coating can also be transparent. In particular, it may be colored to achieve a color effect of the shield, for. White or yellow.
  • the coating is based on a polymeric material, for. B. a suitable transparent acrylic paint system.
  • the coating can fill in the triple mirrors. It is preferred that the coating at least partially has a thickness in the range from 50 pm to 500 pm, particularly preferably from 100 pm to 200 pm and in particular 150 pm.
  • the coating can be designed for light scattering. It is preferred that the material of the coating comprises light scattering means. For example, additives in the form of microbodies can be provided. In a further embodiment it can be provided that the coating protects the mirror surfaces.
  • a transparent protective layer can be provided which prevents the adhesion of dirt to the mirror surfaces or the change due to external influences of the mirror surfaces. Furthermore, it can be provided, for example, that this coating has a kind of lotus effect and thus already counteracts contamination in a preventive manner. The accumulation of condensation or the adhesion of ice and snow can also hinder the triple-mirror function of the shield.
  • a coating can be designed such that it prevents the adhesion of condensation water and / or ice and snow.
  • a coating simplifies the cleaning of the shield.
  • a transparent coating completely fill the structure with the triple-mirror depressions, so that no dirt of water or ice can accumulate in the depressions, which impairs the triple mirror function.
  • a further advantage of such a transparent coating filling the recesses is that a larger angle range is reflected by incident light, since the front surface of the transparent coating facing the light incidence causes refraction of the incident light towards the axis of symmetry.
  • a coating can be applied both in areas and on the whole shield. In an area-wise application can be provided that the coating is applied only on the mirror surfaces or only on certain areas.
  • a coating is transparent.
  • a transparent coating may be colored to produce a colored reflection effect.
  • a transparent coating can also be used as a cover-like closure against external influences over the depression in which the triple mirrors are formed.
  • the coating has a metallization.
  • the coating has a metallization.
  • the Mirror surfaces do not have the desired reflectance.
  • the shield metal and / or plastic and / or wood can be formed at least partially in this material.
  • this list is intended to emphasize that it is generally conceivable to incorporate the above-described triple mirror structure into every technically sensible material. It is possible that in the first material recesses are introduced with mirror surfaces. The mirror surfaces are arranged at right angles to each other in the three spatial directions and three mirror surfaces each represent a triple mirror. The reflectivity of such a surface can be generated in a further step by a corresponding coating.
  • only one structural form of surfaces which are arranged perpendicular to one another in the three spatial planes, are formed in a material which initially has no front-surface reflectivity but only the geometric structure of a triple mirror.
  • the front-surface reflectivity of these surfaces can then be achieved in a further step by applying a reflective coating at least in the region of the mirror surfaces. Due to the reflective coating, the reflector function is then only achieved. This may be necessary, for example, when a material is too rough to form reflective surfaces therein.
  • the material of the coating comprises aluminum, chromium or nickel or consists of these materials.
  • the triple mirror structure can comprise at least some of the triple mirrors. Furthermore, it can be provided that the triple mirrors are substantially adjacent to one another.
  • the individual triple mirrors can each have base surfaces, from which recesses are formed in the surface of the material. It can be provided that the depressions in which the triple mirrors are formed are spaced apart from one another, that is to say they are spaced apart from each other. that only a certain number per surface of the shield are present and provided therebetween an unstructured shield surface. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the triple mirrors have a triangular base surface and are formed from individual triangular mirror surfaces, wherein the sides of the triple mirror base surface adjoin one another either directly or indirectly at a distance. Due to the density of the arrangement of the triple mirrors on the surface of the shield, the degree of retroreflection of the shield can be influenced or adjusted. It is conceivable that many corner mirrors per area a high degree of retroreflection is achieved and by the arrangement of fewer triple mirrors per surface, a lower reflectance can be set.
  • the cusp mirror structure may be arranged on the entire shield or only partially on the shield.
  • a sign has a legend, for example with numbers and / or characters, in particular letters. Furthermore, it can be provided that the legend comprises a structure or pattern and / or characters which are not numbers and / or characters.
  • the legend is designed relief-like and / or plastic. Furthermore, a legend can be colored.
  • a legend can be imprinted on the sign.
  • the raised areas can then be colored by means of a thermal transfer process.
  • the raised areas for example of numbers and / or characters by color transfer of a carrier film are dyed by heat.
  • the use of a retroreflective shield according to the above description as a license plate and / or traffic and / or sign is additionally or separately proposed.
  • triple mirror structure can also be applied to a strip material from which a shield is made. Therefore, in addition to being separate from a sign discussed above according to another aspect of the invention, a retroreflective tape material is proposed.
  • the retroreflective strip material according to the invention has a triple mirror structure, wherein the triple mirror structure comprises a triple mirror with at least three mirror surfaces arranged at right angles to each other for retroreflection, the triple mirror being formed as a recess in a surface of the strip material.
  • the mirror surfaces are formed from the air side of the strip material of a mirror.
  • the strip material consists of metal at least in the region of the mirror surfaces.
  • aluminum or an aluminum alloy is particularly preferred.
  • the triple mirror structure of the retroreflective strip material is designed like the triple mirror structure of the shield explained above. In this regard, reference is made to further explanations and explanations of the above triple mirror structure. All the features of the above-described triple mirrors and the above-explained triple mirror structure are also applicable to the strip material according to the invention.
  • the band material can be wound up, that is to say that the band material can be wound on a roll or another body, for example. If necessary, it can be processed again for further use.
  • the mirror surfaces form a tip.
  • this tip forms the lowest point of the depression.
  • the mirror surfaces are triangular.
  • the triple mirror has a triangular base.
  • the mirror surfaces are designed substantially square.
  • the triple mirrors are formed in the strip material as an impression of a cube corner.
  • the triple mirrors are designed as an impression of a cube corner in the strip surface.
  • the top of the cube corner represents the lowest point of the triple mirror.
  • the mirror surfaces are at least partially formed as an impression of the cube surfaces.
  • the mirror surfaces may for example be designed triangular or square and adjacent to each other. This also means that the three mirror surfaces are arranged at right angles to each other in the three spatial planes. From the impression then results in a triangular base of the recess.
  • the triple mirror has six sides. It is particularly preferred that the triple mirror has at least one side with a length in the range of 70 to 400 pm. Furthermore, it can be provided that the triple mirror structure has a microstructure at least in some areas.
  • the strip material has a coating at least in the region of the mirror surfaces.
  • the coating can also be made reflective from the air side of the strip material. Additionally or separately, it can be provided that the coating protects the mirror surfaces.
  • a coil coating may further have the same characteristics as the shield coating discussed above.
  • the strip material consists of a combination of different materials, for example a composite material. It is also possible that the mirror surfaces are only partially formed in a material suitable for reflection and partially in another material.
  • the cusp mirror structure may extend completely over a surface of the ribbon material or only partially.
  • a retroreflective shield or a shield blank from the described strip material.
  • a shield blank may be cut from the retroreflective tape material, punched or cut out of the retroreflective tape material.
  • the shield blank or the shield can be embossed to form a shield edge and / or a legend.
  • raised areas are designed for a legend.
  • the legend is colored.
  • a thermal transfer method is particularly preferred, color being applied by a carrier film to the raised regions under the influence of heat.
  • the contact pressure was about 180 to 360 N / mm 2 .
  • triple mirrors with a side length of 70 to 400 pm were pressed into the aluminum material.
  • the depth of these triple mirror structures was approximately between 20 pm and 150 pm.
  • the result of these experiments was an aluminum surface with excellent retroreflective properties.
  • a method of making a retroreflective shield as described above is also suggested.
  • the method according to the invention has at least the following steps:
  • the strip material has at least on the surface at which the triple mirror structure is introduced, a metallic layer z.
  • a metallic layer z As aluminum or an aluminum alloy, particularly preferably the strip material made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the above-described triple mirror structure is first introduced into a strip material. From the strip material sections can then be worked out, for example by cutting, cutting or punching, which can be used as shield plate or shield blank. For this purpose, it can be provided, for example, that such pieces separated from the strip material are used further directly as a shield.
  • the shield plates can also be subjected to further processing steps, such as, for example, introducing a legend or further shaping processing. Furthermore, it is also possible for shield plates to be first separated from a band material provided, into which the triple mirror structure according to the above description is introduced.
  • the described triple mirror structure is introduced into the band material provided in a continuous production process.
  • the strip material is processed in a process from roll to roll.
  • a strip material without a triple mirror structure is continuously provided with the described structure and then rewound onto a roll in a state with a triple mirror structure.
  • the strip material wound on a roll provided with the cusp mirror structure can then be easily used for further manufacturing processes, for example for the manufacture of shield plates.
  • the triple mirror structure is introduced into the surface of the strip material by means of a negative mold.
  • a negative form is to be understood as a negative form of the triple mirror structure, for example the stamping structure of a stamp.
  • the triple mirror structure is preferably introduced into the surface of the strip material or shield plate by means of a stamp.
  • the structure can be embossed, rolled or printed with the stamp.
  • the negative mold is designed as a roller, with which the surface of the strip material or shield plate is at least partially rolled off.
  • the roll width can be in a preferred example 0.05 m to 1 m, preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 m. If the roll width is smaller than the width of the shield plate or of the strip material, the surface may need to be rolled off several times in order to introduce the structures according to the invention in all areas which are to have retroreflective properties.
  • the negative form of the triple mirrors in a stamp or in a roller can be configured, for example, as protruding cube corners or as a "full-cube" structure, and it is particularly preferred here for the triple mirrors to be designed as outstanding cube corners from the negative mold.
  • the introduction of the triple mirror structure into the surface of the strip material or a shield plate and the separation of the shield plate from the strip material take place simultaneously. This can be done for example by a correspondingly designed negative mold.
  • these steps are carried out individually and successively in any order. It is also explicitly conceivable and provided that only shield plates are produced from a strip material, in which then a triple mirror structure is introduced.
  • a shield plate is produced by means of an injection molding or die casting process.
  • structures are introduced for the impression in the shield plate, which are complementary to those with the retroreflective structures according to the invention. In an impression of these structures then arise in the surface of the shield plate areas with retroreflective properties.
  • a coating is applied to the strip material or the shield plate.
  • the coating is preferably applied by laminating and / or gluing and / or welding and / or spraying onto the strip material or the shield plate.
  • the coating is formed from the air side of a mirror.
  • a legend is applied to the strip material or the board. It is possible that the legend is applied directly to the strip material or shield plate and the coating. It is preferred that the legend is plastically designed and colored. A coloring of a plastically designed legend can be carried out for example by a thermal transfer method. Furthermore, an edge region and / or a frame of a shield plate can be formed as a relief or as a plastic. Furthermore, it can also be provided that a separation of the shield plate from the strip material and the introduction of a plastically designed legend in a single process step are completed. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the introduction of a legend is carried out in a single process step.
  • Fig. 9 a surface of a body with a triple mirror structure
  • FIG. 10 to FIG. 13 a body with coating
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. FIG. 15 shows a further triple mirror structure on the surface of a body and.
  • FIG. 16 to FIG. 18 different variants of a shield.
  • FIG. 1 shows the principle of a retroreflector whose structure is used here as a triple mirror 1.
  • the physical principle is based on the fact that an incident light beam L is reflected back to the light source independently of the angle of incidence.
  • three mirror surfaces 2, 4, 6 must be arranged perpendicular to one another.
  • the vertical arrangement of the mirror surfaces 2,4,6 is here characterized by the spatial coordinate system with the axes XYZ.
  • the mirror surfaces 2, 4, 6 are of square design, so that a triple mirror of the "full cubes" variant is shown here
  • the retroreflective principle of the triple mirror 1 is schematically outlined here by the arrows L, which are to represent incident light beams
  • the beam path shown in Fig. 1 lies in the transparent material of the body whose surfaces form the triple mirror 1.
  • the in ig. 1 shown optical path outside the material of the body whose surfaces form the triple mirror 1, d. H .
  • a body according to the invention does not show any back-surface but front-surface retroreflection from the air side of the body.
  • the exterior surfaces of a prismatic element-based retroreflector based on total internal reflection when illuminated from the air side, form retroreflective corner mirrors, even when the prismatic surfaces are mirrored.
  • the geometry of the body surface in which the prismatic surfaces are formed differs depending on whether they are viewed from within the body or from the air side of the body. A geometry in which retroreflection occurs is always possible only from one of the two half-spaces.
  • FIG. 2 shows a surface 8 of a body 10 which has a triple mirror 1.
  • three mirror surfaces 2,4,6 are formed as an impression of a cube corner in the surface 8 and each have a triangular shape.
  • the three mirror surfaces 2,4,6 are perpendicular to each other in the three spatial planes, which are spanned by the axes XYZ of the drawn coordinate system.
  • FIG. 3 shows a surface 8 of a body 10 in which a triple mirror 1 is introduced as an oblique impression of a cube corner.
  • the three mirror surfaces 2,4,6 each have a triangular, albeit different triangular shape.
  • the triple mirror 1 it is not necessary for the triple mirror 1 to be symmetrical. It can also be asymmetrical, as shown for example in Figure 3, be formed. In this case, only one example is formed in FIG.
  • a triple mirror 1 can also be designed asymmetrically in another way.
  • FIG. 4 shows a triple mirror 1 as in FIG. 2, which is introduced as a depression into the surface 8 of a body 10.
  • the triple mirror 1 in this case has three mirror surfaces 2, 4, 6, which are arranged perpendicular to each other in the three spatial planes.
  • Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the Tripeispiegeis 1 as a depression in the body. From the section Z-Z, the depth T of the Tripeispiegeis 1 can be seen, with which this is introduced into the surface 8 of the body 10. The depth T of the triple playing gel extends from the surface 8 to the deepest point of the recess.
  • FIG. 5 shows the triple mirror 1 from FIGS. 2 and 4, which is introduced into the surface 8 of a body 10.
  • the triple mirror 1 has six sides, which are marked with Si to S 6 .
  • the base G of the Tripeispiegeis 1 is formed by the sides Si, S 2 and S 3 .
  • FIG. 6 shows a triple mirror 14 which is formed protruding from the surface 8 of a body 10.
  • a recess 16 is formed in the surface 8 of the body 10 while a recess 16 is formed.
  • the mirror surfaces 2 ⁇ , 4 ⁇ and 6 ⁇ are formed in this recess 16. These mirror surfaces do not adjoin one another. They are formed at right angles to each other only in the three spatial planes and thus provide a retroreflective function.
  • a light beam is shown, which is reflected by the three mirror surfaces 2 ⁇ , 4 ⁇ , 6 ⁇ in the direction of the light source.
  • FIG. 7 shows a section through the body 10 from FIG.
  • the recess 16 is shown with the mirror surface T of the triple mirror.
  • the mirror surfaces of the triple mirror must be formed only as small areas of the surfaces of the recess in order to achieve the retroreflecting function of the triple mirror.
  • the degree of retroreflection can be influenced.
  • the orientation of the mirror surfaces at right angles to each other in the three spatial planes is decisive for the triple mirror function.
  • the mirror surfaces can have any shape.
  • the degree of retroreflection can be adjusted. By smaller mirror surfaces 2 ⁇ , 4 ⁇ , 6 ⁇ less light is retroreflected. Furthermore, it is also possible to design the mirror surfaces with only a partially reflective surface or only a little reflective surface, for example a matted surface, so that the incident light is only partially retroreflected. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the light is reflected with a certain angular spread, so that a viewer is not dazzled. For this purpose, for example, be provided to align the mirror surfaces with a deviation at right angles to each other.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show a depression with two triple mirrors.
  • the mirror surfaces 2 ⁇ , 4 ⁇ , 6 ⁇ are arranged at right angles to each other in three spatial planes and thereby have a retroreflective function.
  • the mirror surfaces 18, 20, 22 in the recess 16 are arranged at right angles to each other in further spatial planes and represent a further triple mirror with retroreflecting function.
  • light beams L are schematically drawn, which once consist of the triple mirror the mirror surfaces 2 ⁇ , 4 ⁇ , 6 ⁇ are thrown back to a light source and once from the mirror surfaces 18,20,22.
  • FIG. 9 shows the depression 16 from FIG. 8 in section 7.-7. From this sectional view of the body 10 through the recess 16 it can be seen that the mirror surfaces 2 18 and 20 are formed in the recess 16 into it. In the sectional view, the other mirror surfaces 4 ⁇ 6 ⁇ 12 are not visible.
  • a coating 24 is shown in FIG.
  • the coating on the surface 8 of the body 10 is mounted so that the coating 24 covers the recesses 16 with the triple mirrors.
  • the coating In order to ensure the retroreflective function of the triple mirrors formed in the recess 16, the coating must be made transparent so that a light beam can reach the mirror surfaces.
  • a body 10 is shown in section, in which a depression 16 with a mirror surface T of a triple mirror is formed.
  • a coating 26 is applied to the surface 8 of the body 10 so that the coating 26 also extends into the recess 16 and over the mirror surface T of the triple mirror. To ensure the retroreflective function of the triple mirrors, such a coating is made transparent.
  • FIG. 12 shows another possibility of superficially providing a body 10 with a transparent coating 28.
  • the coating fills the recesses 16, in which the triple mirror is configured on.
  • An internal total reflection in the coating does not take place in this embodiment, since the transparent coating 28 is directly adjacent to the material of the body 10.
  • the transparent coating in the recesses provides a reflection in a larger angular range, because the surface of the transparent coating usually causes a refraction of the incident light rays to the symmetry axis.
  • the transparent coating which also fills the cavity between the individual mirror surfaces, Thus, retroreflection is possible in a larger angular range of incident light than without this coating arrangement.
  • FIG. 13 shows a body 10 with a surface 8 into which a triple mirror is formed as a depression 16 with three triangular mirror surfaces. This arrangement is shown in section. However, the mirror surfaces have uneven surfaces so that they have insufficient reflectivity. By the sectional view only the mirror surfaces 48 and 50 can be seen. The third mirror surface is not visible.
  • the mirror surfaces additionally have a coating 30 which has been introduced into the depression 16 in order to produce the reflectivity of the mirror surfaces. It is conceivable to provide for such a coating, for example, a metallization such as aluminum, or a coating which forms a smooth surface when applied, which is suitable for reflection.
  • the body 10 can be made of any material whose surface is not necessarily suitable for reflection. Only in a further manufacturing step, the mirror surfaces are processed or coated so that they are suitable for reflection afterwards. The choice of coating can be varied depending on the location. Thereafter, it is conceivable to apply metals, lacquers, paints or even just another surface treatment in the area of the mirror surfaces in order to produce or improve the reflectivity of the mirror surfaces. In FIG. 13, the insufficiently reflecting mirror surfaces 48, 50 have been coated with the coating 30 in order to compensate for unevenness. The surface of the coating 30 is reflective for the triple mirror function.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show a body 10 with a surface 8, into each of which a triple mirror structure consisting of individual triple mirrors 34 with triangular mirror surfaces is introduced.
  • the individual triple mirrors are introduced into the surface 8 of the body 10 at a distance from one another.
  • the sides of the individual triple mirrors 34 adjoin one another directly.
  • the density of the triple mirrors per area can be adapted.
  • this degree of retroreflection does not depend only on the density of the triple mirrors on the surface. Rather, it can also be influenced by the degree of reflection of the individual mirror surfaces as already explained above. The degree of reflection can thus be adjusted by several factors.
  • FIG. 16 shows by way of example a motor vehicle license plate 38 with a legend 36.
  • the illustrated license plate 38 from FIG. 16 is provided with a triple mirror structure with triangular mirror surfaces, shown here schematically in the enlargement 40, which are arranged in a metallic shield plate, which is e.g. , B. aluminum or an aluminum alloy, are introduced.
  • the license plate 38 may also be provided with other triple mirror structures as described above.
  • such a shield 38 has on the surface a retroreflective structure according to the invention.
  • a triple mirror structure consisting of the triple mirrors 42 can be introduced directly into a surface of the license plate 38 a, as shown in FIG. 17.
  • FIG. 17 Another embodiment of a license plate is shown in FIG.
  • the license plate consists of a plate blank 46, which is provided with a band material 44 with a triple mirror structure with the triple mirrors 42.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un panneau routier rétroréfléchissant et un matériau en bande rétroréfléchissant présentant une structure de miroir en trièdre, ladite structure de miroir en trièdre comportant un miroir en trièdre (1) pourvu d'au moins trois surfaces réfléchissantes (2, 4, 6) disposées à angle droit les unes par rapport aux autres pour la rétroréflexion, ledit miroir en trièdre (1) étant conçu sous forme de renfoncement ménagé dans une surface (8) du panneau routier ou du matériau en bande. La présente invention concerne en outre un procédé de fabrication d'un tel panneau rétroréfléchissant.
EP16784804.3A 2015-10-01 2016-09-29 Panneau routier rétroréfléchissant, matériau en bande rétroréfléchissant et procédé de fabrication associé Withdrawn EP3356868A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015116715.8A DE102015116715A1 (de) 2015-10-01 2015-10-01 Retroreflektierendes Schild und Herstellungsverfahren hierzu
PCT/EP2016/073370 WO2017055516A1 (fr) 2015-10-01 2016-09-29 Panneau routier rétroréfléchissant, matériau en bande rétroréfléchissant et procédé de fabrication associé

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EP3356868A1 true EP3356868A1 (fr) 2018-08-08

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EP16784804.3A Withdrawn EP3356868A1 (fr) 2015-10-01 2016-09-29 Panneau routier rétroréfléchissant, matériau en bande rétroréfléchissant et procédé de fabrication associé

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EP (1) EP3356868A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015116715A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017055516A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019234060A1 (fr) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 Technische Hochschule Nuernberg Georg Simon Ohm Réflecteur et agencement de réflecteurs
DE202022000086U1 (de) 2022-01-14 2022-02-25 Id4Us Gmbh Multifunktionales RFID-Radaretiketten-System
DE102022000123B4 (de) 2022-01-14 2023-10-12 Id4Us Gmbh Multifunktionales RFID-Radaretiketten-System

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4189209A (en) * 1978-10-13 1980-02-19 Ferro Corporation Retroreflector of integrated light reflecting units of varying configurations
DE8606540U1 (de) * 1986-03-10 1986-08-07 Helmut K. Pinsch (GmbH & Co), 22761 Hamburg Anordbarer Retroreflektor für die Reflexion von elektromagnetischen Strahlen
US5873187A (en) * 1995-12-21 1999-02-23 Iit Research Institute Spherodized fluorescent beads for improved roadway pavement marker visibility
US20050185279A1 (en) * 1999-01-21 2005-08-25 Reflexite Corporation Durable, open-faced retroreflective prismatic construction
US6644818B2 (en) * 2000-10-02 2003-11-11 Printmark Industries, Inc. Retroreflective prismatic retro-reflectors without visually disturbing seams
DE10228013B4 (de) * 2002-06-22 2005-11-03 Hans-Erich Sen. Gubela Teiltransmissionsreflektor, Verwendung des Teiltransmissionsreflektors und optisches Sensorsystem
DE102007006405B4 (de) * 2007-02-05 2012-02-16 Imos Gubela Gmbh Reflektor mit einer Trapez-Reflexion und Verfahren für die Licht-Feinabtastung zur Erkennung eines Gegenstandes

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