EP3356117A1 - A head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer - Google Patents

A head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer

Info

Publication number
EP3356117A1
EP3356117A1 EP16852158.1A EP16852158A EP3356117A1 EP 3356117 A1 EP3356117 A1 EP 3356117A1 EP 16852158 A EP16852158 A EP 16852158A EP 3356117 A1 EP3356117 A1 EP 3356117A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
plate
top plate
shaft
heads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16852158.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3356117A4 (en
Inventor
Damian GASIOREK
Tomasz MACHOCZEK
Krzysztof WILK
Przemyslaw WOLNICKI
Marcin ZACHWIEJA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3DGence Sp zoo
Original Assignee
3DGence Sp zoo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3DGence Sp zoo filed Critical 3DGence Sp zoo
Publication of EP3356117A1 publication Critical patent/EP3356117A1/en
Publication of EP3356117A4 publication Critical patent/EP3356117A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2566—Die parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to a head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer.
  • thermoplastic heated up to a semi-iiquid state is fed to heads sliding in three dimensions and applied in spots or in layers.
  • one head receives plastic ized main thermoplastic material and the other head receives another thermoplastic material of different mechanical or optical properties.
  • a two-head three-dimensional printer must have a head-switching mechanism for selection of the working condition of one of the heads.
  • the head that is idle at a given time is located outside of the work table of the printer.
  • the mechanism is fitted with one head associated with an extruder that feeds the material. If the head needs to be changed, the mechanism puts one head outside of the work table and takes the other head.
  • the mechanism is equipped with two heads that are fixed in the mechanism with possibility to slide vertically.
  • the working head is located below the idle head.
  • the mechanism is fitted with cams and/or eccentrics driven with servomechanisms or electromagnets. In order to change the head, the working head is lifted and the other, idle, head is lowered to the working position.
  • the Polish patent application no. P.412 045 describes a head switching mechanism in which heads are switched as a result of their rotation around a horizontal axis.
  • heads are switched as a result of a combination of rotation around the vertical axis of a shaft located in an immobile body and a translation movement along guides that are parallel to the axis of the shaft.
  • the body preferably made of aluminum, consists of plates located on the base and fixed with screws, whereby the vertical rotating shaft is set in the extreme top and bottom plate.
  • the shaft has vertical guides with two sliding rolling carriages fixed located on them, which are fixed permanently to preferably aluminum mounts fitted with printing heads.
  • the mounts are connected at the top with the top plate of the immobile body through ties that have swinging bushings on both ends. Between the location where the ties are fixed to the top plate and the shaft, there is a calibrating tensometric sensor.
  • the shaft is fitted with two steel retaining spacers placed at 90° intervals, with a cylindrical articulation in the center between them on which a spring holder is set with one end.
  • the other end of the holder is fixed to the body with the freedom to rotate.
  • Two cuboidal spigots are screwed to the vertical plate; the spigots are fit into the holes in the base plate and blocked in the plate with a crew knob.
  • a toothed quarter-wheel is screwed, meshed with the drive geared wheel of the servomotor located on the top plate.
  • the mechanism according to the invention has, preferably in the lower part of the body, a bin with rectangular holes below the idle position of the heads and oblique walls near the holes which constitute ramps under the nozzles of the heads just before the idle positions.
  • its base is equipped with a fan.
  • figure 1 shows the mechanism in an oblique view from the side of the head in the working position
  • fig. 2 shows the mechanism in an oblique view from the side of the head in the idle position
  • fig. 3 shows an enlarged part of the mechanism marked in fig. 2 which includes the guides and the ties
  • fig. 4 shows the mechanism in a front view
  • fig. 5 shows the mechanism in a top view
  • fig. 6 shows the mechanism in a bottom view
  • fig. 7 shows the mechanism in a side view from the side of the head in the idle position
  • fig. 8 shows the mechanism in a view from the other side
  • fig. 9 shows an enlarged part of the mechanism marked in fig.
  • fig. 10 shows the mechanism in a back view on the side of the fastening to the manipulator of the printer with the locations of the cross-sections shown in the further figures in the drawing indicated, fig. 1 1 shows the mechanism in the A-A cross-section indicated in fig. 10, fig. 12 shows the mechanism in the B-B cross-section indicated in fig. 10, and fig. 13 shows the mechanism in the C-C cross-section indicated in fig. 10.
  • the bottom plate 20 is screwed to the top part of the base 21, while bin 22, which constitutes a drainer for remains of thermoplastic material from the heads, whose oblique wall cleans the head before it is put in the idle position.
  • the vertical plate 19 is fixed to the bottom plate 21, while the top plate 14 and two cuboidal spigots 17 are fixed to the vertical plate 19.
  • the spigots 17 are fit into the holes of the base plate 18 and blocked in it with the screw knob 13.
  • In the base plate there is a female part of the multi-pin cable connector, while the male part of the connector is located in the body.
  • the base plate has the fastening part 10 which fixes it to the manipulator of the printer, fitted with holes for screws. If the mechanism is to be replaced with another mechanism, according to the invention, the base plate 18 stays fixed to the manipulator of the printer.
  • the new mechanism is connected with the multi-pin connector and the screw knob 13 after the spigots 17 are slid in.
  • the shaft 2 is fixed with possibility to rotate, with a toothed quarter- wheel 1 on its end, driven by the geared wheel 1 1 of the servomotor 12, screwed to the top plate 14.
  • the rotating shaft 2 has two positions at 90° intervals, based on its two retaining spacers 16. In each of the extreme positions, it is blocked with the spring holder fixed with one end on the cylindrical articulation on the shaft 2 in the middle of the arch between the retaining spacers 16 and the other end, with the freedom to
  • the shaft 2 has vertical guides 5 for the two rolling carriages 7, on which the aluminum mounts 8, fitted with the printing heads 9, are set.
  • the mounts 8 of the heads 9 are connected in the top part with ties 6, which have swinging bushings on both ends, to the immobile top plate 14, When the shaft 2 and the guides 5 of the mounts 8 turn, the ties 6 constitute a vertical drive of the mounts 8 along the guides 5. Between the location where the ties 6 are fixed to the front part 4 of the top plate 14 and the shaft 2, the calibrating tensometric sensor 3 is fastened.
  • a beneficial effect of the invention is the significantly larger distance between the head in the idle state and the head in the working state compared to the solution where the heads are switched only around the horizontal axis, which is important in order to ensure lack of collision between the head in the idle state and the print area.
  • Another beneficial effect is the reduction of the operating time needed to change the printing input material and the associated calibration and diagnostic works to be performed on the printer. The mechanism works beneficially during operation in elevated temperatures in heat chambers.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)

Abstract

The head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer contains an immobile body made of screwed plates, whereby a rotating shaft (2) is mounted in the bottom plate (20) and the top plate (14). The shaft (2) has guides (5) on which sliding rolling carriages (7) of the mounts (8) of the heads (9) are mounted. The mounts (8) are connected to the top plate (14) with ties (6) that have swinging bushings.

Description

A head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer
Field of the invention
The invention pertains to a head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer. State of the art
In a three-dimensional printer, thermoplastic heated up to a semi-iiquid state is fed to heads sliding in three dimensions and applied in spots or in layers. In a two-head printer, one head receives plastic ized main thermoplastic material and the other head receives another thermoplastic material of different mechanical or optical properties. A two-head three-dimensional printer must have a head-switching mechanism for selection of the working condition of one of the heads.
In a known head-switching mechanism of a two-head printer, the head that is idle at a given time is located outside of the work table of the printer. The mechanism is fitted with one head associated with an extruder that feeds the material. If the head needs to be changed, the mechanism puts one head outside of the work table and takes the other head.
In another known solution, the mechanism is equipped with two heads that are fixed in the mechanism with possibility to slide vertically. The working head is located below the idle head. For vertical movement of the heads, the mechanism is fitted with cams and/or eccentrics driven with servomechanisms or electromagnets. In order to change the head, the working head is lifted and the other, idle, head is lowered to the working position.
The Polish patent application no. P.412 045 describes a head switching mechanism in which heads are switched as a result of their rotation around a horizontal axis.
Summary of the invention
In the mechanism according to the invention, heads are switched as a result of a combination of rotation around the vertical axis of a shaft located in an immobile body and a translation movement along guides that are parallel to the axis of the shaft. The body, preferably made of aluminum, consists of plates located on the base and fixed with screws, whereby the vertical rotating shaft is set in the extreme top and bottom plate. The shaft has vertical guides with two sliding rolling carriages fixed located on them, which are fixed permanently to preferably aluminum mounts fitted with printing heads. The mounts are connected at the top with the top plate of the immobile body through ties that have swinging bushings on both ends. Between the location where the ties are fixed to the top plate and the shaft, there is a calibrating tensometric sensor.
The shaft is fitted with two steel retaining spacers placed at 90° intervals, with a cylindrical articulation in the center between them on which a spring holder is set with one end. The other end of the holder is fixed to the body with the freedom to rotate. Two cuboidal spigots are screwed to the vertical plate; the spigots are fit into the holes in the base plate and blocked in the plate with a crew knob. Between the body and the base plate, there is a multi-pin cable connector.
On the top end of the shaft, a toothed quarter-wheel is screwed, meshed with the drive geared wheel of the servomotor located on the top plate.
In one of the variants, the mechanism according to the invention has, preferably in the lower part of the body, a bin with rectangular holes below the idle position of the heads and oblique walls near the holes which constitute ramps under the nozzles of the heads just before the idle positions.
In another variant of the mechanism according to the invention, its base is equipped with a fan.
Concise description of the figures in the drawing
The object of the invention is shown in the embodiment in the drawing in which figure 1 shows the mechanism in an oblique view from the side of the head in the working position, fig. 2 shows the mechanism in an oblique view from the side of the head in the idle position, fig. 3 shows an enlarged part of the mechanism marked in fig. 2 which includes the guides and the ties, fig. 4 shows the mechanism in a front view, fig. 5 shows the mechanism in a top view, fig. 6 shows the mechanism in a bottom view, fig. 7 shows the mechanism in a side view from the side of the head in the idle position, fig. 8 shows the mechanism in a view from the other side, fig. 9 shows an enlarged part of the mechanism marked in fig. 8 which includes the fastening of the spring holder on the shaft, fig. 10 shows the mechanism in a back view on the side of the fastening to the manipulator of the printer with the locations of the cross-sections shown in the further figures in the drawing indicated, fig. 1 1 shows the mechanism in the A-A cross-section indicated in fig. 10, fig. 12 shows the mechanism in the B-B cross-section indicated in fig. 10, and fig. 13 shows the mechanism in the C-C cross-section indicated in fig. 10.
Implementation of the invention
The bottom plate 20 is screwed to the top part of the base 21, while bin 22, which constitutes a drainer for remains of thermoplastic material from the heads, whose oblique wall cleans the head before it is put in the idle position. The vertical plate 19 is fixed to the bottom plate 21, while the top plate 14 and two cuboidal spigots 17 are fixed to the vertical plate 19. The spigots 17 are fit into the holes of the base plate 18 and blocked in it with the screw knob 13. In the base plate there is a female part of the multi-pin cable connector, while the male part of the connector is located in the body. The base plate has the fastening part 10 which fixes it to the manipulator of the printer, fitted with holes for screws. If the mechanism is to be replaced with another mechanism, according to the invention, the base plate 18 stays fixed to the manipulator of the printer. The new mechanism is connected with the multi-pin connector and the screw knob 13 after the spigots 17 are slid in.
In the top plate 14 and bottom plate 20, the shaft 2 is fixed with possibility to rotate, with a toothed quarter- wheel 1 on its end, driven by the geared wheel 1 1 of the servomotor 12, screwed to the top plate 14. The rotating shaft 2 has two positions at 90° intervals, based on its two retaining spacers 16. In each of the extreme positions, it is blocked with the spring holder fixed with one end on the cylindrical articulation on the shaft 2 in the middle of the arch between the retaining spacers 16 and the other end, with the freedom to
rotate around the vertical axis in the body.
The shaft 2 has vertical guides 5 for the two rolling carriages 7, on which the aluminum mounts 8, fitted with the printing heads 9, are set. The mounts 8 of the heads 9 are connected in the top part with ties 6, which have swinging bushings on both ends, to the immobile top plate 14, When the shaft 2 and the guides 5 of the mounts 8 turn, the ties 6 constitute a vertical drive of the mounts 8 along the guides 5. Between the location where the ties 6 are fixed to the front part 4 of the top plate 14 and the shaft 2, the calibrating tensometric sensor 3 is fastened.
A beneficial effect of the invention is the significantly larger distance between the head in the idle state and the head in the working state compared to the solution where the heads are switched only around the horizontal axis, which is important in order to ensure lack of collision between the head in the idle state and the print area. Another beneficial effect is the reduction of the operating time needed to change the printing input material and the associated calibration and diagnostic works to be performed on the printer. The mechanism works beneficially during operation in elevated temperatures in heat chambers.

Claims

Claims
1. A head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer having a body fitted with a servomotor, a drive transmission assembly, and two head mounts fitted with heads, characterized in that the body of the mechanism consists of a base (21), a bottom plate (20), a basic vertical plate
(19) , and a top plate (14) connected with screws, whereby in the top plate (14) and the lower plate
(20) , a vertical shaft (2) is fixed with the freedom to rotate, with a toothed quarter-wheel (1) meshed with a drive geared wheel (11) of the servomotor (12) located on the top plate (14), whereby the shaft (2) has vertical guides (5) for two rolling carriages (7) on which mounts (8) fitted with print heads (9) are fixed, and the mounts are connected at the top to the top plate (14) using the ties (6) with swinging bushings at their ends, whereby between the location where the ties (6) are fastened to the top plate (14) and the shaft (2) on the top plate (14), a calibrating tensometric sensor (3) is fastened, while the shaft (2) has two steel retaining spacers (16) located at 90° intervals, with a cylindrical articulation in the middle between them, on which a spring holder is fastened with one end, while its other end is fastened, with the freedom to rotate, to the body, while two cuboidal spigots (17) are screwed to the vertical plate (19) and fit into the holes in the base plate (18) and blocked in it with a screw knob (13), while between the body and the base plate (18) there is a multi-pin cable socket.
2. A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is fitted in the lower part with a bin (22) that has rectangular holes under the idle position of the heads (9) and has oblique wails near the holes that constitute platforms under the nozzles of the heads (9) right in front of the idle position.
3. A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that it has, in its lower part, a fan located in the base (21).
4. A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates of the body and the head mounts are made of aluminum.
EP16852158.1A 2015-09-28 2016-09-27 A head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer Withdrawn EP3356117A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL414192A PL227049B1 (en) 2015-09-28 2015-09-28 Mechanism for switching heads in the two-head spatial printer
PCT/PL2016/000109 WO2017058035A1 (en) 2015-09-28 2016-09-27 A head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3356117A1 true EP3356117A1 (en) 2018-08-08
EP3356117A4 EP3356117A4 (en) 2019-06-12

Family

ID=58423972

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16852158.1A Withdrawn EP3356117A4 (en) 2015-09-28 2016-09-27 A head-switching mechanism in a two-head three-dimensional printer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3356117A4 (en)
PL (1) PL227049B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017058035A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109501263A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-22 温州优巴信息技术有限公司 Emergency replacement type mechanism for 3D printer nozzle

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CN107139461B (en) * 2017-04-21 2023-07-07 李超 Automatic leveling device of 3D printer
CN107599393B (en) * 2017-10-24 2024-04-09 上海复志信息科技股份有限公司 Double-nozzle switching device for 3D printer
CN109366996B (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-07-05 中科院广州电子技术有限公司 A kind of extra quality extrusion system of V-type switching print head
CN110228190B (en) * 2019-05-05 2022-04-29 厦门汉印电子技术有限公司 Consumable loading and unloading device, detection method and 3D printer
CN112519217A (en) * 2019-09-17 2021-03-19 三纬国际立体列印科技股份有限公司 3D printing head with liftable nozzle
CN110587974B (en) * 2019-09-28 2021-10-15 南通新路海工业科技有限公司 Printing head assembly for fuse modeling 3D printer
PL243387B1 (en) * 2020-11-17 2023-08-21 Univ West Pomeranian Szczecin Tech Head for incremental forming of building structures
CN112776331A (en) * 2021-01-20 2021-05-11 浙江嘉兴智叠智能科技有限公司 Small-sized spray head folding and unfolding device for 3D printer
CN113715333B (en) * 2021-09-09 2023-04-11 广东动智技术有限公司 Multifunctional 3D printing head
CN116638764B (en) * 2023-06-07 2024-02-09 深圳诚一信科技有限公司 Automatic transfer carrying tray of 3D printing rapid prototyping machine
CN117698122B (en) * 2024-02-05 2024-05-17 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 Transmission switching structure, feeding module, material returning module, material feeding and returning module and material box

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CN203157146U (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-08-28 中科院广州电子技术有限公司 A three-dimensional printer extrusion head capable of feeding in a switching mode
CN103465633B (en) * 2013-09-17 2015-06-24 长春市明威科技有限公司 Single-motor double printer head 3D printer head mechanism
CN104228069B (en) * 2014-07-24 2016-08-17 苏州江南嘉捷机电技术研究院有限公司 A kind of double end 3D printer of rotatable switching printhead
CN104626589B (en) * 2015-01-30 2017-04-12 江苏浩宇电子科技有限公司 Rotary type double-nozzle switching device for 3D printing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109501263A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-22 温州优巴信息技术有限公司 Emergency replacement type mechanism for 3D printer nozzle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL414192A1 (en) 2017-04-10
WO2017058035A1 (en) 2017-04-06
EP3356117A4 (en) 2019-06-12
PL227049B1 (en) 2017-10-31

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