EP3350138A1 - Grain fondu d'aluminate de magnesium riche en magnesium - Google Patents
Grain fondu d'aluminate de magnesium riche en magnesiumInfo
- Publication number
- EP3350138A1 EP3350138A1 EP16777726.7A EP16777726A EP3350138A1 EP 3350138 A1 EP3350138 A1 EP 3350138A1 EP 16777726 A EP16777726 A EP 16777726A EP 3350138 A1 EP3350138 A1 EP 3350138A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- melted
- less
- grain
- ppm
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- -1 magnesium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910020068 MgAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001955 cumulated effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052599 brucite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101710156645 Peptide deformylase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003991 Rietveld refinement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/44—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates
- C04B35/443—Magnesium aluminate spinel
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- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
- C01F5/02—Magnesia
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- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/16—Preparation of alkaline-earth metal aluminates or magnesium aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
- C01F7/162—Magnesium aluminates
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
- C04B35/053—Fine ceramics
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- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
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- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5445—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof submicron sized, i.e. from 0,1 to 1 micron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/72—Products characterised by the absence or the low content of specific components, e.g. alkali metal free alumina ceramics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/72—Products characterised by the absence or the low content of specific components, e.g. alkali metal free alumina ceramics
- C04B2235/725—Metal content
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/76—Crystal structural characteristics, e.g. symmetry
- C04B2235/762—Cubic symmetry, e.g. beta-SiC
- C04B2235/763—Spinel structure AB2O4
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/78—Grain sizes and shapes, product microstructures, e.g. acicular grains, equiaxed grains, platelet-structures
- C04B2235/785—Submicron sized grains, i.e. from 0,1 to 1 micron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
- C04B2235/85—Intergranular or grain boundary phases
Definitions
- the invention relates to grains for ceramic applications consisting essentially of oxides of Al and Mg elements in the form of magnesium - rich magnesium aluminate, often referred to as MMA for "magnesium rich magnesium aluminate" in the field.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such grains, and to materials, products or ceramic coatings made from said grains, often called MMA ceramics.
- Such materials find particular, but not only, their application in the manufacture of SOFC tube, or in the manufacture of supports for the separation of gases.
- Such materials can also be used for producing refractory parts for the manufacture or processing of metals or metal alloys. They can also be used as a coating for metal parts or in the case of contact between a ceramic part and a metal.
- MMA ceramics are their coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE).
- CTE coefficient of thermal expansion
- previous studies have shown that the coefficient of thermal expansion of MMA ceramics is similar or very close to that of metals and that in addition it could be adapted, depending on the chemical composition of the ceramic material and its microstructure, to precisely match that of the metal with which it is in contact.
- CTE coefficient of thermal expansion
- Another characteristic of MMA ceramics for use at high temperature is their dimensional stability and in particular their resistance to creep. Creep means, in the sense of the present invention, the capacity of the material to deform under the effect of the stresses undergone when it is subjected to high temperatures.
- MMA ceramics are difficult to form in the aqueous phase because of their sensitivity to water. Indeed, in the presence of water, the crystalline phases of the precursors usually used to obtain MMA ceramics are transformed and an Mg (OH) 2 brucite phase which appears at the expense of the MgO periclase phase. In the end, the presence of too much initial amount of this brucite phase causes a difficulty, or even an impossibility to shaping the product.
- the present invention relates to molten grains of the MMA type which can be used for the manufacture of ceramic parts or coatings which can be more easily shaped in the aqueous phase.
- said ceramic parts or coatings may have a substantially improved creep resistance, compared to the state of the art.
- Work carried out by the applicant company has indeed been able to highlight a link between the rate of certain impurities of the grains and the final performance of the creep resistance of the ceramic material obtained from them.
- the present invention relates to a melted grain (or a mixture of melted grains) consisting essentially of a matrix of a magnesium oxide and aluminum of spinel structure MgA ⁇ C ⁇ and / or of eutectic MgO-MgAl 2 0 4 and inclusions made up essentially of magnesium oxide, said inclusions being included in said matrix, said grain having the following overall chemical composition, in weight percentages expressed in the form of oxides:
- AI 2 O 3 and MgO together represent more than 95.0% of the weight of said grain
- said grain being characterized in that the cumulative rate of CaO and Zr0 2 is less than 4000 ppm, by weight.
- the magnesium oxide matrix phase of spinel structure MgA ⁇ C ⁇ and / or the eutectic MgO-MgAl 2 0 4 thus coat said inclusions constituted essentially of magnesium oxide, as it can be seen on the enclosed electron micrograph. It is considered that such a structure makes it possible to ensure the cohesion of the grain and its resistance to hydration.
- the grain according to the invention may comprise, especially in the form of impurities, up to 5% of other oxides.
- the cumulative rate of CaO and ZrC 2 is less than 3500 ppm, more preferably less than 3000 ppm, and very preferably less than 2500 ppm by weight. Cumulative rate means the sum of the CaO and ZrO 2 levels in the melted grains.
- the CaO level is less than 3500 ppm, more preferably less than 3000 ppm, even less than 2500 ppm, or even less than 2000 ppm, and very preferably less than 1500 ppm by weight.
- the level of ZrO 2 is less than 3000 ppm, more preferably less than 2000 ppm, or even less than 1500 ppm, or even less than 1000 ppm, or even less than 500 ppm, and very preferably less than 200 ppm. weight.
- the melted grain according to the invention does not comprise an Al 2 O 3 alumina structural phase.
- the cumulative rate of BaO and SrO is less than 3000 ppm, more preferably less than 2500 ppm, and most preferably less than 2000 ppm by weight. Cumulative rate means the sum of the BaO and SrO levels in the melted grains.
- the BaO content is less than 2500 ppm, more preferably less than 2000 ppm, or even less than 1500 ppm, or even less than 1000 ppm by weight.
- the SrO level is less than 2500 ppm, more preferably less than 2000 ppm, or even less than 1500 ppm, or even less than 1000 ppm by weight.
- the a20 level is less than 2500 ppm, more preferably less than 500 ppm, or even less than 300 ppm.
- the Fe 2 O 3 content is less than 1000 ppm, more preferably less than 500 ppm, or even less than 750 ppm, or even less than 500 ppm by weight.
- the MnO 2 content is less than 500 ppm, more preferably less than 300 ppm, or even less than 200 ppm, or even less than 100 ppm by weight.
- the level of S 1 O 2 is less than 500 ppm, more preferably less than 200 ppm by weight.
- the content of T 1 O 2 is less than 500 ppm by weight.
- AI 2 O 3 represents more than 8.0% of the weight or even more than 10.0%, or even more than 12.0% of the weight of said grain.
- AI 2 O 3 may represent less than 19.5% of the weight of said grain, or even less than 19.0% or even less than 18.0% or even less than 17.0% of the weight of said grain.
- AI 2 O 3 and MgO together represent more than 96.0% of the weight of said grain. More preferably, AI 2 O 3 and MgO together represent more than 97.0% or more of 98.0% or even more than 99.0%, or even more than 99.2% and very preferably at least 99.4% of the weight of said grain.
- the matrix of the melted grain according to the invention consists of distinct zones of spinel structure and / or the eutectic MgO-MgAl 2 0 4 .
- the melted grain according to the invention comprises fine inclusions consisting essentially of oxides of calcium and zirconium, the largest dimension of which is less than 2 micrometers, preferably less than 1 micrometer, on an electron microscope slide.
- the cumulative sum of said oxides of calcium and zirconium may represent more than 80% of the mass of said inclusions and preferably more than 90% or even more than 95% of the mass of said inclusions, as for example measured by EPMA .
- the present invention also relates to the ceramic material obtained by sintering melted grains as described above or by sintering a mixture comprising melted grains such as previously described, for example in the form of ceramic part or ceramic coating.
- Such a material is in particular characterized in that it may comprise fine inclusions consisting essentially of oxides of calcium and zirconium, the number of which is less than 100 per 10,000 square micrometer, on an electron microscope slide.
- the present invention relates in particular to a mixture of melted grains as described above.
- the melted grain mixture has a median particle size dso of the particles, as measured by laser particle size, of between 0.1 and 150 microns, in particular between 1 and 100 microns, and even between 2 and 70 microns. microns, more particularly between 0.1 and 50 microns. According to one In other embodiments, in some applications, the median particle size, as measured by laser particle size, is between 20 and 150 microns.
- the median particle size of the particles may be up to 5 millimeters. It is for example between 1 micron and 5 millimeters, or even between 50 microns and 2 millimeters. It is for example between 500 microns and 5 millimeters.
- the invention relates in particular to a mixture of melted grains as previously described.
- the invention relates in particular to a mixture of melted grains having a median particle size of between 1 and 150 microns, especially between 1 and 50 microns, said grains comprising less than 50% by weight of magnesium hydroxide, after immersion of 5 grams of said mixture in 25 cm 3 of distilled water with stirring and at room temperature (25 ° C) for two hours.
- the chemical composition of the grains is given in the present description, unless explicitly stated otherwise, with reference to the corresponding simple oxides AI 2O 3 or MgO, even if said element is not present or only partially present in this form. It is the same for the impurities present in the grains, whose content is given by reference to the oxide of the corresponding element, even if said element is actually present in another form in said grains.
- Such a description is moreover consistent with the data usually provided by elemental chemical analysis according to the X-ray fluorescence devices usually used to determine the elemental composition of the materials.
- eutectic MgO-MgAl 2 0 4 is meant the MgO-spinel eutectic structure corresponding to the composition point, by weight, close to 55% of A 2 Os and 45% MgO and a temperature of about 2000 ° C. the phase diagram MgO-A1203 (invariant point of the phase diagram for which the liquid to solid reaction is complete).
- melted grain conventionally refers to a grain obtained by a manufacturing process comprising at least one melting step of an initial mixture of raw materials, a solidification step and a grinding step.
- melting of an initial mixture of raw materials is a heat treatment at a temperature sufficiently high that all the constituents of the initial mixture are in the molten (liquid) state.
- impurities is meant in particular the inevitable constituents necessarily introduced with the raw materials.
- the impurities are introduced during the preliminary step of manufacturing the melted grains by the raw materials.
- the main impurities depend, of course, on the raw materials used, most often commercial powders of MgO or Al 2 O 3 of purity greater than or equal to 95% by weight of the oxide.
- the main detectable impurities in the grain or the material according to the invention are most often and essentially oxides of calcium, iron, silicon, manganese, sodium, zirconium or even titanium.
- the chemical analysis of the material obtained by sintering melted grains according to the invention is substantially identical to that of said melted grains.
- the various elements constituting the microstructure of the material obtained by sintering melted grains according to the invention are substantially identical to those of said melted grains.
- the sintering according to the invention is normally carried out in exclusively solid phase, and in particular all the constituents of the melted grains remain in solid phase during said sintering.
- the sintering temperature of the melted grains is normally between 1200 ° C. and 1650 ° C.
- a method of manufacturing the previously described grains comprises the following steps:
- the raw materials are chosen in step a) so that the melted grains obtained in step d) are in accordance with the invention.
- any other conventional or known method of manufacturing melted grains may also be implemented, provided that the composition of the feedstock allows to obtain grains having a composition in accordance with that of the grains of the invention.
- step b) an electric arc furnace is preferably used, but all known furnaces are conceivable, such as an induction furnace or a plasma furnace, provided that they allow the initial charge to be completely melted.
- the melting is preferably carried out under neutral conditions, for example under argon, or oxidizing, preferably at atmospheric pressure.
- step b) is carried out at a temperature allowing complete melting of the feedstock. Such a temperature is higher than that of the eutectic MgO-MgAl 2 0 4 , that is to say at a temperature above 2000 ° C, more preferably above 2050 ° C.
- the cooling can be rapid, that is to say that the molten liquid is fully solidified in less than 3 minutes.
- the cooling results from casting in CS molds as described in US Pat. No. 3,993,119 or a quenching or by a blowing technique.
- step d) the solid mass is milled, according to conventional techniques, to obtain the grain size suitable for the intended application.
- the grinding can be continued until obtaining grains having a median size dso particles, as measured by laser particle size, for example between 2 and 50 microns, or even between 0.1 and 50 microns in some applications or between 20 and 150 microns in other applications (eg thermal spraying) or even up to 5 millimeters for applications such as the manufacture of refractory materials.
- a median size dso particles as measured by laser particle size, for example between 2 and 50 microns, or even between 0.1 and 50 microns in some applications or between 20 and 150 microns in other applications (eg thermal spraying) or even up to 5 millimeters for applications such as the manufacture of refractory materials.
- magnesium oxide powder having the following chemical analysis (in weight percentages): MgO>99%; CaO ⁇ 0.1%; Na 2 0 ⁇ 0.1%; Si0 2
- an aluminum oxide powder with Al 2 0 3 ⁇ 99% by weight having the following impurities (in weight percentage): Na 2 O: 0.23%, CaO ⁇ 0.02%, MgO
- the mixture consists solely of these two commercial powders mixed in a mass ratio MgO / Al 2 O 3 of 84.3 / 15.7; then coiled until a median particle size dso of the particles, as measured by laser granulometry, of the order of 3.4 micrometers.
- the elemental analysis by X-ray fluorescence of the mixture thus obtained makes it possible to determine, with a relative uncertainty of the order of 1%, the concentrations of oxides.
- the blend has an aluminum oxide content of 15.7 weight percent and a magnesium oxide content of 84.2 weight percent.
- the impurities detected are calcium (700 ppm of CaO equivalent) and sodium (400 ppm of Na 2 O equivalent); the other species are below the detection thresholds of the measuring device, the iron ( ⁇ 200 ppm Fe 2 O 3 equivalent), silicon ( ⁇ 500 ppm S1O 2 equivalent), zirconium ( ⁇ 500 ppm ZrC equivalent> 2) and titanium ( ⁇ 120 ppm TiO 2 equivalent) ) ⁇
- the composition of the mixture thus obtained is determined according to the following protocol:
- Phase analysis The analysis of the sample by X - ray diffraction makes it possible to identify the different crystalline phases of the sample. It is carried out using the EVA® software and the ICDD PDF-2 database (2005 version). The proportions of the different phases are then determined by the Rietveld method using the software HighScore Plus 4.0 (PANalytical BV).
- the Bragg peaks are modeled with "Pseudo-Voigt" functions.
- phase analysis carried out on the mixture obtained at the end of the co-grinding shows that it consists essentially of a MgO periclase phase and an Al 2 O 3 corundum phase.
- a preliminary phase analysis is performed on the sample.
- the resistance to hydration is measured by placing 5 grams of the mixture in 25 cm 3 of distilled water with stirring and at room temperature for two hours. The sample is then dried for 24 hours at 110 ° C. before a new phase analysis and a weighing.
- the comparison of the two phase analyzes according to the protocol described above and weighing before and after the hydration test makes it possible to determine the sensitivity of the sample to the hydration according to the following two criteria:
- melted grains are prepared by melting from the commercial raw materials used in Example 1, mixed in a mass ratio MgO / Al 2 O 3 of the order of 85/15.
- the powder mixture is melted in an arc furnace at a temperature of about 2100 to 2300 ° C.
- the molten liquid is solidified and cooled.
- the molten product is then milled until obtaining a powder of melted grains whose median particle size dso, as measured by laser granulometry, is of the order of 2.9 microns and whose particle size distribution is similar to that of Example 1.
- Elemental analysis by X-ray fluorescence of the melted grains thus obtained makes it possible to determine, as in Example 1, the concentrations of elemental oxides.
- the grains have an aluminum oxide content of 15.7 weight percent and a magnesium oxide content of 84.2 weight percent.
- the impurities detected are the calcium (1200 ppm CaO equivalent); the other species are below the detection limits of the measuring apparatus: iron ( ⁇ 200 ppm Fe 2 equivalent 3 ), silicon ( ⁇ 500 ppm SiO 2 equivalent), zirconium ( ⁇ 500 ppm Zr0 equivalent 2 ) and titanium ( ⁇ 100 ppm equivalent TiO 2 ).
- phase analysis carried out on the mixture of grains according to the previously described protocol shows that these consist essentially of a MgO periclase phase and a MgAl 2 O 4 spinel phase.
- an electron micrograph is presented on a molten grain obtained according to the invention: a very particular structure is observed, in which zones 1 consisting of the spinel phase MgAl 2 O 4 and / or the
- the eutectic MgO-MgAl 2 04 comprises, according to a matrix structure, grains 2 consisting essentially of the MgO periclase phase, as can be directly demonstrated by elemental analysis by a Castaing microprobe (also known as electron probe microanalysisr, EPMA).
- the darkest areas 3 on the plate correspond to the porous zones of the structure.
- Table 1 The results reported in Table 1 above show the advantages of using molten grains according to the invention in an aqueous phase shaping process because only a limited amount of brucite is detected. However, the observations made by the applicant company have shown that the presence of an excessive proportion of this phase makes the shaping in the aqueous route very difficult, if not impossible, as described below:
- Example 1 The mixture of co-milled powders of Example 1 and the powder of melted grains of Example 2 were suspended under conventional aqueous ceramic shaping conditions: 60% by weight of ceramic powder were 40% by weight of demineralized water were mixed with magnetic stirring. For 100 gram of ceramic powder, 1 gram of DOLAPIX® dispersant is added.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1558569A FR3040993A1 (fr) | 2015-09-14 | 2015-09-14 | Grain fondu d'aluminate de magnesium riche en magnesium |
| PCT/FR2016/052317 WO2017046517A1 (fr) | 2015-09-14 | 2016-09-14 | Grain fondu d'aluminate de magnesium riche en magnesium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3350138A1 true EP3350138A1 (fr) | 2018-07-25 |
Family
ID=54329826
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16777726.7A Withdrawn EP3350138A1 (fr) | 2015-09-14 | 2016-09-14 | Grain fondu d'aluminate de magnesium riche en magnesium |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10494308B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3350138A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2018530509A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20180052717A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3040993A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2017046517A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA3095046A1 (fr) | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. | Alliages ferreux a teneur reduite en carbures |
| JP7641218B2 (ja) | 2018-10-26 | 2025-03-06 | エリコン メテコ(ユーエス)インコーポレイテッド | 耐食性かつ耐摩耗性のニッケル系合金 |
| CN111747731B (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | 一种氧化镁基超高压介质陶瓷及其制备方法 |
| CN113631750A (zh) | 2019-03-28 | 2021-11-09 | 欧瑞康美科(美国)公司 | 用于涂布发动机气缸孔的热喷涂铁基合金 |
| EP3962693A1 (fr) | 2019-05-03 | 2022-03-09 | Oerlikon Metco (US) Inc. | Charge d'alimentation pulvérulente destinée au soudage en vrac résistant à l'usure, conçue pour optimiser la facilité de production |
| EP3997252B1 (fr) | 2019-07-09 | 2025-10-29 | Oerlikon Metco (US) Inc. | Alliages à base de fer conçus pour la résistance à l'usure et à la corrosion |
| CN116018329B (zh) * | 2020-07-13 | 2024-01-02 | 贺利氏科纳米北美有限责任公司 | 包含铝酸镁尖晶石的陶瓷烧结体 |
| CN114906865B (zh) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-07-18 | 西安近代化学研究所 | 一种制备MgAl2O4尖晶石的方法及MgAl2O4尖晶石 |
| CN115448703B (zh) * | 2022-09-06 | 2023-05-19 | 宜兴市隆昌耐火材料有限公司 | 一种含有锆刚玉的高温耐磨浇注料的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3993119A (en) | 1974-11-08 | 1976-11-23 | Norton Company | Progressively or continuously cycled mold for forming and discharging a fine crystalline material |
| JPS63307107A (ja) * | 1987-06-09 | 1988-12-14 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 高熱伝導性マグネシア質粉末 |
| WO2001000539A2 (fr) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-01-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Matiere ceramique, son procede de production, son utilisation, et couche de matiere ceramique deposee sur un corps metallique ou ceramique |
| WO2004030131A2 (fr) | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-08 | The Morgan Crucible Company Plc | Composants refractaires formes a partir de mgo-mgal2o4 pour piles a combustibles et/ou reformeurs |
| DE10257001A1 (de) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-06-24 | Degussa Ag | Nanoskaliges pyrogen hergestelltes Magnesium-Aluminium-Spinell |
| DE102006040270B4 (de) * | 2006-08-28 | 2009-06-10 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gebranntes feuerfestes Produkt |
-
2015
- 2015-09-14 FR FR1558569A patent/FR3040993A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-09-14 US US15/759,679 patent/US10494308B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-09-14 JP JP2018513472A patent/JP2018530509A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-09-14 WO PCT/FR2016/052317 patent/WO2017046517A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2016-09-14 KR KR1020187010193A patent/KR20180052717A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-09-14 EP EP16777726.7A patent/EP3350138A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017046517A1 (fr) | 2017-03-23 |
| JP2018530509A (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
| KR20180052717A (ko) | 2018-05-18 |
| FR3040993A1 (fr) | 2017-03-17 |
| US20190039956A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
| US10494308B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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