EP3347528B1 - Drilling machine - Google Patents

Drilling machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3347528B1
EP3347528B1 EP16775808.5A EP16775808A EP3347528B1 EP 3347528 B1 EP3347528 B1 EP 3347528B1 EP 16775808 A EP16775808 A EP 16775808A EP 3347528 B1 EP3347528 B1 EP 3347528B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
drilling
anchor
drilling machine
anchoring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16775808.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3347528A1 (en
Inventor
Sara CASCARINO
Daniel Perpezat
Laurent Pivert
Régis Bernasinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Original Assignee
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Soletanche Freyssinet SA filed Critical Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Publication of EP3347528A1 publication Critical patent/EP3347528A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3347528B1 publication Critical patent/EP3347528B1/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/02Foundation pits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/22Component parts
    • E02F3/24Digging wheels; Digging elements of wheels; Drives for wheels
    • E02F3/241Digging wheels; Digging elements of wheels; Drives for wheels digging wheels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00Rotary drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02Surface drives for rotary drilling
    • E21B3/022Top drives
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2250/00Production methods
    • E02D2250/0038Production methods using an auger, i.e. continuous flight type
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2600/00Miscellaneous
    • E02D2600/40Miscellaneous comprising stabilising elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of drilling in the ground, in particular with a view to manufacturing foundations, such as for example continuous screens made up of juxtaposed concrete wall elements.
  • It relates more precisely to a drilling machine for making excavations in the ground in a substantially vertical drilling direction, and more particularly in hard ground.
  • This type of drilling machine is generally used for drilling in hard ground, for example in granite.
  • the displacement device makes it possible to exert a complementary thrust on the drilling tools, which aims to facilitate excavation.
  • the displacement device consisting of jacks, supports the weight of the drilling module when the machine is suspended, that is to say when it is not in contact with the ground to be drilled. This is particularly the case when the drilling machine is moved, for example to be brought in line with the zone to be drilled, or even when it is extracted from the excavation after the drilling operation.
  • the drilling module is particularly heavy since it includes the motorized cutting members, hydraulic circuits, as well as the pumping member. It is therefore understood that the jacks must support a very large weight when the drilling machine is suspended, which is liable to damage them.
  • An object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a more robust drilling machine.
  • the invention achieves its object by the fact that the drilling machine according to the invention is suspended from a lifting cable which is fixed to a fixing part of the drilling module.
  • the drilling module which is suspended from the lifting cable, and not the anchoring module as is the case in the previous drilling machine.
  • the displacement device since the drilling module is generally heavier than the anchoring module, it is understood that the displacement device only supports the weight of the anchoring module when the drilling machine is in suspension. The displacement device is then less stressed, which makes it possible to increase its service life.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that, in the event of the anchoring module released, the drilling module remains supported by the lifting cable.
  • the lifting cable is connected directly to the drilling module, and indirectly to the anchoring module via the drilling module and the displacement device.
  • the drilling machine has a deployed position in which the cutters are distant from the anchor module, and a retracted position in which the cutters are close to the anchor module.
  • substantially vertical is meant a direction which forms an angle, in absolute value, less than or equal to 10 ° with respect to the vertical.
  • the fixing part extends above the anchoring module.
  • the anchoring module remains below the lifting cable, which makes it possible to prevent damage to said cable.
  • the drilling module has a lower section carrying the cutting members, and an upper section extending in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module inside said anchoring module, the part fixing being disposed at the upper end of the upper section of the drilling module.
  • the anchoring module comprises means for guiding in translation the upper section of the drilling module in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module.
  • the upper section is a bar slidably mounted in the anchoring module, said bar passing longitudinally through the anchoring module.
  • the bar extends above the upper end of the anchoring module.
  • the anchoring module comprises two anchoring elements arranged on either side of the bar, the anchoring elements being connected to one another and extending in the longitudinal direction of the bar. anchoring module.
  • the two anchoring elements are connected to each other by guide members in which slide the upper section, in particular the bar, of the drilling module.
  • the drilling module has a lower section carrying the cutting members, and an upper section surrounding the anchoring module, the fixing part being disposed at the upper end of the upper section of the anchoring module. drilling.
  • anchoring module is placed in the upper section of the drilling module.
  • One advantage of this conformation is that the anchoring module then has two large opposite anchoring faces, which can be preferable to ensure grip in certain types of terrain. Another advantage is to reduce the number of actuators necessary to deploy the anchoring elements.
  • the drilling module is mounted to pivot relative to the anchoring module in a first vertical plane, and at least one of the lower and upper sections comprises trajectory correction means for rotating the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in said first vertical plane.
  • the drilling module is preferably mounted on the anchoring module with a clearance allowing such pivoting in the first vertical plane.
  • trajectory correction means make it possible to modify the spatial position of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in order to modify the position of the cutting members, which makes it possible to adjust the drilling trajectory.
  • This trajectory adjustment, by pivoting the drilling module, is preferably carried out after immobilization of the anchoring module in the excavation.
  • the trajectory correction means comprise deployable pads, arranged on the front and rear faces of the lower and / or upper sections, to come to bear against at least one of the walls of the excavation in order to make the module pivot. drilling relative to the anchoring module.
  • the front and rear faces of the lower section and of the upper section are those which are arranged opposite the larger walls of the excavation.
  • the lower section further comprises an anti-sway device.
  • One advantage is to prevent the waddle of the drilling module, which makes it possible to prevent the drilling trajectory from deviating from the desired trajectory.
  • the anti-sway device preferably comprises deployable skids configured to bear against at least one of the walls of the excavation in order to prevent the pivoting of the drilling module in a second vertical plane orthogonal to the foreground.
  • the deployable pads are preferably arranged on the lateral edges of the lower section of the drilling module.
  • the displacement device comprises one or more thrust cylinders arranged between the anchoring module and the drilling module.
  • the displacement device is arranged between the anchoring module and the lower section of the drilling module.
  • the displacement device comprises damping means for damping the vibrations generated by the cutting members of the drilling module when the drilling is carried out.
  • the damping is carried out hydraulically, thanks to the hydraulic damping device.
  • the latter preferably, but not exclusively, comprises a spring accumulator with at least one nozzle.
  • the oil contained in one of the chambers of the hydraulic thrust cylinder is compressed and flows through the nozzle to the spring accumulator to dampen the rise in pressure of the oil, which allows the depreciation to be carried out.
  • the leakage rate of the nozzle and the spring preload of the spring accumulator are adjustable, which makes it possible to adjust the damping coefficient and the recoil resistance of the cylinders as a function of the weight applied to the cutting members. .
  • the damping means comprise one or more springs associated with the thrust cylinders.
  • the anchoring element comprises at least one front anchoring shoe and at least one rear anchoring shoe, the front and rear anchoring shoes being deployable in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module. , so as to bear against the walls of the excavation to immobilize the anchoring module in the ground.
  • the deployment of the anchoring pads is achieved by means of actuators, such as jacks, arranged in the anchoring module.
  • actuators such as jacks
  • said drilling machine is a milling cutter, the cutting members of which comprise two pairs of drums which are rotating about parallel axes of rotation, distinct and perpendicular to the direction of drilling.
  • first vertical plane mentioned above is then parallel to the axes of rotation, while the second vertical plane is orthogonal to the axes of rotation.
  • the drilling module further comprises a cuttings suction device which comprises a pumping member arranged in the lower part of the drilling module and an evacuation pipe, connected to the discharge member. pumping, which extends inside the drill module to an upper end of the drill module located above the anchor module.
  • the fact that the drilling module is suspended from the lifting cable has the advantageous effect of facilitating the integration of the hoses into the drilling machine, and in particular the cuttings evacuation pipe.
  • the discharge pipe extends inside said bar.
  • the drilling machine 10 is designed to perform an excavation E in a soil S in a substantially vertical drilling direction F.
  • the drilling machine 10 according to the invention is designed to make vertical trenches in the ground.
  • the drilling machine 10 comprises a drilling module 12 which is provided with cutting members 14 which, in this example, comprise two pairs of drums 16, 18 which are rotatable about axes of rotation A, B which are parallel, distinct and perpendicular to the drilling direction F.
  • the pairs of drums 16 and 18 carry cutting teeth referenced 20. It is understood that, in this example, the drilling machine 10 is a milling cutter.
  • the drilling machine 10 also comprises an anchoring module 22 which is located above the cutting members 14 and which has a longitudinal direction L, which is substantially vertical.
  • the anchoring module 22 comprises anchoring elements 24 which have the function of blocking the movement of the anchoring module 22 relative to the walls of the excavation E in the drilling direction F. In other words, when they are actuated, the anchoring elements immobilize the anchor module in the ground.
  • the anchoring module 22 comprises two anchoring elements 24, each anchoring element comprising four front anchoring pads 30 and four rear anchoring pads 32. It is understood that the pads of front anchoring 30 are arranged on the front face 26 of the anchoring module 22, while the rear anchoring pads 32 are arranged on the rear face 28 of the anchoring module 22.
  • the front and rear anchoring pads 30, 32 can be deployed in a transverse direction T which is transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the anchoring module, so as to bear against the two largest walls P1 , P2 opposite the excavation E, in order to immobilize the anchoring module 22 in the ground S.
  • the anchoring pads are deployed by means of jacks arranged in the anchoring module.
  • the drilling module 12 has a lower section 40, disposed below the anchoring module 22, which carries the cutting members 14 as well as a pumping member 42 and a cuttings suction device 44 .
  • the pumping member 42 includes a nozzle 46 which opens between the two pairs of drums 16, 18 to aspirate the fragments of excavated soil.
  • the drilling module 12 further comprises an upper section 51 which is in the form of a longitudinal bar, oriented vertically, which extends from an upper end 40a of the lower section 40.
  • the upper section 51 in the form of a bar extends in the longitudinal direction L of the anchoring module inside said anchoring module 22. More precisely, the upper section 51 in the form of a bar crosses the module longitudinally. anchor 22, and protrudes beyond the upper end 22a of the anchor module 22.
  • the two anchoring elements 24 are arranged on either side of the upper section 51 in the form of a bar.
  • the drilling module 12 is movable in translation with respect to the anchoring module in the drilling direction F, that is to say in a substantially vertical direction. This is how the drilling module can move from a retracted position, shown in figure 2A , in in which the cutters 14 are close to the anchoring module 22, in a deployed position, illustrated in figure 2B , in which the cutters 14 are spaced from the anchoring module.
  • the drilling machine 10 comprises a displacement device 50, in this case hydraulic thrust cylinders 52, 54, which are arranged between the anchoring module 22 and the drilling module 12, to move in translation. the drilling module relative to the anchoring module according to the drilling direction. More precisely, the displacement device 50, consisting of the thrust cylinders 52 and 54, is arranged between the lower end 22b of the anchoring module and the upper end 40a of the lower section 40 of the drilling module 12.
  • the actuation of the thrust cylinders 52, 54 has the effect of moving the drilling module 12 relative to the anchoring module 22 in translation in the drilling direction F.
  • the actuation of the thrust cylinders has the effect of exerting a thrust on the cutting members 14 directed in the direction of drilling F.
  • the cuttings suction device 44 further comprises an evacuation pipe 45, which is connected to the pumping member 42 and which extends inside the drilling module, and more precisely inside the drilling module.
  • the upper section 51 in the form of a bar, up to an upper end of the drilling module 12 located above the anchoring module 22.
  • This discharge pipe 45 has the function of discharging the excavated cuttings to a station of treatment of cuttings located on the surface.
  • the displacement device 50 further comprises damping means 60 for damping the vibrations generated by the cutting members 14 of the drilling module during the drilling.
  • damping means 60 are illustrated in figure 8 .
  • the latter comprise a hydraulic damping device 62 which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic thrust cylinders 52, 54.
  • the hydraulic damping device preferably comprises a spring accumulator 64 with at least one nozzle.
  • the damping means 60 further include a device 66 for regulating the damping coefficient of the damping means and more precisely the damping coefficient of the spring accumulator 64. Also, during an impact, the vibrations generated by the cutters are not transmitted to the anchoring module 22.
  • the nozzle leakage rate and the accumulator spring preload are remotely adjustable.
  • the drilling machine 10 is suspended from a lifting cable 70 which is fixed to a fixing part 53 of the drilling module 12.
  • the fixing part 53 is disposed at the upper end. of the drilling module.
  • the lifting cable 70 makes it possible to suspend the drilling machine 10 from a lifting device (not shown here) known elsewhere.
  • the lifting cable 70 is fixed to an upper end 51a of the upper section 51 of the drilling module 12. It is noted that this upper end 51a of the upper section 51 of the drilling module 12 forms the fixing part 53 which extends above the anchoring module 22 to which the lifting cable 70 is fixed .
  • the two anchoring elements 24 are connected to one another by connecting members 25 which also constitute means for guiding in translation the upper section 51 in the form of a bar.
  • the connecting members 25 form sheaths in which the upper bar-shaped section 51 is slidably mounted in the drilling direction.
  • first vertical plane Q1 which is parallel to the axes of rotation A and B of the drums.
  • This first vertical plane Q1 is illustrated on the figure 1 . It is specified that the pivoting of the drilling module 12 relative to the anchoring module 22 is of the order of a few degrees and makes it possible to modify the position of the cutters 14 in order to correct the drilling trajectory if necessary.
  • the lower section 40 of the drilling module 12 comprises trajectory correction means 80 which have the function of rotating the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in the first vertical plane Q1 .
  • these trajectory correction means comprise deployable pads 82, 84 which are arranged on the front face 40a and on the rear face 40b of the lower section 40 of the drilling module.
  • the deployable pads 82, 84 are configured to bear against one or the other of the larger walls P1 , P2 of the excavation E in order to rotate the drilling module relative to the anchoring module.
  • it is the deployable pad 84 of the rear face of the lower section 40 of the drilling module which is actuated so as to come to bear against the wall P2.
  • the drilling module 12 pivots in the first vertical plane Q1 so that the cutters 14 approach the wall P1 opposite the excavation.
  • the drilling module can tilt slightly relative to the anchoring module, which makes it possible to adjust the position of the cutting members 14.
  • the pivot angle ⁇ has been exaggerated to facilitate understanding of the invention.
  • the pivoting of the drilling module 12 relative to the anchoring module 22 can be achieved while the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground S thanks to the actuation of the anchoring elements 24, the pads d 'anchor 30, 32 being deployed.
  • the drilling module is first pivoted in order to correct the drilling trajectory, then the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground, following which the cutting members are actuated. .
  • the lower section 40 further comprises an anti-sway device 86.
  • This anti-sway device 86 comprises deployable side pads 88 which are configured to bear against one or the other of the smaller walls P3, P4 orthogonal to the larger walls P1 , P2. It will be understood that the actuation of the deployable lateral skids makes it possible to stabilize the drilling module so that it does not have a rocking movement in the second vertical plane Q2.
  • the drilling machine 110 comprises a drilling module 112 provided with cutting members 114.
  • the drilling machine 110 further comprises an anchoring module 122, which extends in a substantially vertical longitudinal direction L , and which is provided with two anchoring elements 124 for blocking the movement of the anchoring module 122 relative to the walls of the excavation E in the drilling direction F, which is also substantially vertical.
  • the anchoring elements include front 130 and rear anchoring pads (not visible) which are arranged on each of the larger front and rear faces of the anchoring module. These anchoring pads can be deployed so as to be able to bear against the largest walls P1 , P2 of the excavation in order to immobilize the anchoring module in the ground S.
  • the drilling module 112 is also provided with cutting members 114, this drilling module being movable in translation with respect to the anchoring module in the drilling direction F.
  • the drilling module 112 has a lower section 140 which carries the cutters 114 as well as an upper section 151 which extends above the lower section 140.
  • the upper section 151 has, in this second embodiment, a structure which frames the anchoring module 122.
  • the anchor module 122 is slidably mounted inside the upper section 151 of the drilling module.
  • the displacement of the drilling module 112 relative to the anchoring module is achieved by means of a displacement device 150, visible on the figure 5 , which comprises a single thrust cylinder 152.
  • This thrust cylinder 152 is arranged between the anchoring module 122 and the lower section 140 of the drilling module 112.
  • the figure 4 shows the drilling rig in the retracted position, while the figure 5 illustrates the drilling machine in the deployed position, the thrust cylinder 152 itself being deployed, so that the cutters 114 are distant from the anchoring module 122.
  • the drilling machine 110 is also suspended from a lifting cable 170 which is fixed to a fixing part 153 of the drilling module which is disposed at an upper end 112a of the drilling module 112. .
  • the fixing portion 153 extends above the anchoring module 122, the airfoil 170 of the cable being thus fixed at said fixing portion 153.
  • the drilling module 112 is also mounted with play with the anchoring module 122.
  • the drilling module 112 of the drilling machine according to the second embodiment is also pivotally mounted relative to the anchoring module 122. This pivoting is performed in a manner similar to what is illustrated in figure 7 .
  • the lower section 140 comprises first trajectory correction means 180, which comprise front lower deployable pads 182 on the front face 140a and rear lower deployable pads 184 on the rear face 140b.
  • the upper section 151 comprises second trajectory correction means 190 which comprise front upper deployable pads 192 arranged on the front face 151b and rear upper deployable pads 194 arranged on the rear face 151c of the upper section of the drilling module.
  • deployable pads 182, 184, 192, 194 are configured to come to bear against one or the other of the larger walls P1 , P2 of the excavation E in order to rotate the drilling module relative to the module of anchoring in the first vertical plane Q1 . It is understood that the front lower deployable skids 182 of the lower section 140 of the drilling module are actuated in conjunction with the skids. deployable upper rear 194 disposed on the rear face of the upper section 151 so as to facilitate the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in a first direction.
  • the lower rear deployable skates 184 of the lower section 140 are actuated in conjunction with the upper front deployable skids 192 of the front face of the upper section 151 of the drilling module, so as also to facilitate the drilling pivot relative to the module. anchoring in a second direction of rotation, opposite to the first direction.
  • pivot axis of the drilling module is horizontal and is located substantially between the deployable pads 192, 194 of the upper section and the deployable pads 182, 184 of the lower section.
  • the lower section 140 of the drilling module also includes an anti-sway device 186 comprising deployable side pads 188 disposed along the side edges of the lower section 140, these deployable side pads being configured to bear against one or the other. other of the smaller walls of the excavation P3, P4. It is specified that the side edges 140c, 140d of the lower section 140 are contiguous to the front and rear faces of said lower section 140.
  • the drilling machine 110 according to the second embodiment comprises damping means similar to that of the first embodiment, as illustrated in figure 8 .
  • the drilling machine 110 is also a mill whose cutting members 114 comprise two pairs of drums 116, 118 provided with cutting teeth, which are rotatable around it. 'axes of rotation A, B parallel, distinct and perpendicular to the drilling direction F.
  • the drilling module 112 also comprises a cuttings suction device 144 which comprises a pumping member 142 arranged in the lower part of the drilling module and an evacuation pipe 145 for the evacuation of the cuttings.
  • the discharge pipe 145 being connected to the pumping member 142 and extends inside the drilling module and the anchoring module to an upper end of the drilling module which is located above of the anchoring module, the discharge pipe 145 passing through the fixing part 153.

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Description

Arrière-plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

La présente invention a trait au domaine du forage dans le sol, notamment en vue de fabriquer des fondations, comme par exemple des écrans continus constitués d'éléments de paroi de béton juxtaposés.The present invention relates to the field of drilling in the ground, in particular with a view to manufacturing foundations, such as for example continuous screens made up of juxtaposed concrete wall elements.

Elle concerne plus précisément une machine de forage pour réaliser des excavations dans le sol selon une direction de forage sensiblement verticale, et plus particulièrement dans des terrains durs.It relates more precisely to a drilling machine for making excavations in the ground in a substantially vertical drilling direction, and more particularly in hard ground.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement une machine comportant :

  • un module d'ancrage muni d'au moins un élément d'ancrage pour bloquer le déplacement du module d'ancrage par rapport aux parois de l'excavation selon la direction de forage, le module d'ancrage ayant une direction longitudinale sensiblement verticale ;
  • un module de forage muni d'organes de coupe, le module de forage étant mobile en translation par rapport au module d'ancrage selon la direction de forage ;
  • un dispositif de déplacement, disposé entre le module d'ancrage et le module de forage, pour déplacer le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage selon la direction de forage.
The invention relates more particularly to a machine comprising:
  • an anchoring module provided with at least one anchoring element for blocking the movement of the anchoring module relative to the walls of the excavation along the drilling direction, the anchoring module having a substantially vertical longitudinal direction;
  • a drilling module provided with cutting members, the drilling module being movable in translation with respect to the anchoring module according to the drilling direction;
  • a displacement device, arranged between the anchoring module and the drilling module, for moving the drilling module relative to the anchoring module according to the drilling direction.

Ce type de machine de forage est généralement utilisé pour forer dans des terrains durs, par exemple dans du granite. Le dispositif de déplacement permet d'exercer une poussée complémentaire sur les outils de forage, qui a pour but de faciliter l'excavation.This type of drilling machine is generally used for drilling in hard ground, for example in granite. The displacement device makes it possible to exert a complementary thrust on the drilling tools, which aims to facilitate excavation.

Une telle machine est notamment décrite dans DE 103 36 315 A1 et dans EP 0 811 724 . On comprend que le module d'ancrage permet d'immobiliser la machine de forage dans l'excavation.Such a machine is in particular described in DE 103 36 315 A1 and in EP 0 811 724 . It is understood that the anchoring module makes it possible to immobilize the drilling machine in the excavation.

Dans cette machine, le dispositif de déplacement, constitué par des vérins, supporte le poids du module de forage lorsque la machine est suspendue, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'elle n'est pas en contact avec le sol à forer. C'est notamment le cas, lorsque la machine de forage est déplacée, par exemple pour être amenée au droit de la zone à forer, ou bien encore lorsqu'elle est extraite de l'excavation après l'opération de forage.In this machine, the displacement device, consisting of jacks, supports the weight of the drilling module when the machine is suspended, that is to say when it is not in contact with the ground to be drilled. This is particularly the case when the drilling machine is moved, for example to be brought in line with the zone to be drilled, or even when it is extracted from the excavation after the drilling operation.

Le module de forage est particulièrement lourd dès lors qu'il comprend les organes de coupe motorisés, des circuits hydrauliques, ainsi que l'organe de pompage. On comprend donc que les vérins doivent supporter un poids très important lorsque la machine de forage est suspendue, ce qui est susceptible de les endommager.The drilling module is particularly heavy since it includes the motorized cutting members, hydraulic circuits, as well as the pumping member. It is therefore understood that the jacks must support a very large weight when the drilling machine is suspended, which is liable to damage them.

Objet et résumé de l'inventionPurpose and summary of the invention

Un but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients précités en proposant une machine de forage plus robuste.An object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a more robust drilling machine.

L'invention atteint son but par le fait que la machine de forage selon l'invention est suspendue à un câble de sustentation qui est fixé à une partie de fixation du module de forage.The invention achieves its object by the fact that the drilling machine according to the invention is suspended from a lifting cable which is fixed to a fixing part of the drilling module.

Autrement dit, selon l'invention, c'est le module de forage qui est suspendu au câble de sustentation, et non pas le module d'ancrage comme c'est le cas dans la machine de forage antérieure.In other words, according to the invention, it is the drilling module which is suspended from the lifting cable, and not the anchoring module as is the case in the previous drilling machine.

Dans la mesure où le module de forage est généralement plus lourd que le module d'ancrage, on comprend que le dispositif de déplacement ne supporte que le poids du module d'ancrage lorsque la machine de forage est en suspension. Le dispositif de déplacement est alors moins sollicité, ce qui permet d'augmenter sa durée de vie.Since the drilling module is generally heavier than the anchoring module, it is understood that the displacement device only supports the weight of the anchoring module when the drilling machine is in suspension. The displacement device is then less stressed, which makes it possible to increase its service life.

Un autre intérêt de l'invention est que, en cas de dégrippage du module d'ancrage, le module de forage reste soutenu par le câble de sustentation.Another advantage of the invention is that, in the event of the anchoring module released, the drilling module remains supported by the lifting cable.

On comprend donc que le câble de sustentation est relié directement au module de forage, et indirectement au module d'ancrage via le module de forage et le dispositif de déplacement.It is therefore understood that the lifting cable is connected directly to the drilling module, and indirectly to the anchoring module via the drilling module and the displacement device.

La machine de forage présente une position déployée dans laquelle les organes de coupe sont distants du module d'ancrage, et une position rétractée dans laquelle les organes de coupe sont proches du module d'ancrage.The drilling machine has a deployed position in which the cutters are distant from the anchor module, and a retracted position in which the cutters are close to the anchor module.

Par « sensiblement verticale », on entend une direction qui fait un angle, en valeur absolue, inférieur ou égal à 10° par rapport à la verticale.By "substantially vertical" is meant a direction which forms an angle, in absolute value, less than or equal to 10 ° with respect to the vertical.

Avantageusement, la partie de fixation s'étend au-dessus du module d'ancrage.Advantageously, the fixing part extends above the anchoring module.

Grâce à cette configuration, le module d'ancrage reste en dessous du câble de sustentation, ce qui permet d'éviter un endommagement dudit câble.Thanks to this configuration, the anchoring module remains below the lifting cable, which makes it possible to prevent damage to said cable.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation préférentiel, le module de forage présente une section inférieure portant les organes de coupe, et une section supérieure s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale du module d'ancrage à l'intérieur dudit module d'ancrage, la partie de fixation étant disposée à l'extrémité supérieure de la section supérieure du module de forage.According to a first preferred embodiment, the drilling module has a lower section carrying the cutting members, and an upper section extending in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module inside said anchoring module, the part fixing being disposed at the upper end of the upper section of the drilling module.

On comprend que la section supérieure fait saillie au-delà de l'extrémité supérieure du module d'ancrage.It is understood that the upper section protrudes beyond the upper end of the anchoring module.

En outre, le module d'ancrage comporte des moyens pour guider en translation la section supérieure du module de forage selon la direction longitudinale du module d'ancrage.In addition, the anchoring module comprises means for guiding in translation the upper section of the drilling module in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module.

De préférence, la section supérieure est une barre montée coulissante dans le module d'ancrage, ladite barre traversant longitudinalement le module d'ancrage. De façon préférentielle, mais non exclusivement, la barre s'étend au-dessus de l'extrémité supérieure du module d'ancrage.Preferably, the upper section is a bar slidably mounted in the anchoring module, said bar passing longitudinally through the anchoring module. Preferably, but not exclusively, the bar extends above the upper end of the anchoring module.

Selon une variante préférentielle, le module d'ancrage comporte deux éléments d'ancrage disposés de part et d'autre de la barre, les éléments d'ancrage étant reliés l'un à l'autre et s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale du module d'ancrage.According to a preferred variant, the anchoring module comprises two anchoring elements arranged on either side of the bar, the anchoring elements being connected to one another and extending in the longitudinal direction of the bar. anchoring module.

Cette configuration avantageuse permet de réduire le poids du module d'ancrage. Les deux éléments d'ancrage sont reliés l'un à l'autre par des organes de guidage dans lesquels coulissent la section supérieure, notamment la barre, du module de forage.This advantageous configuration makes it possible to reduce the weight of the anchoring module. The two anchoring elements are connected to each other by guide members in which slide the upper section, in particular the bar, of the drilling module.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, le module de forage présente une section inférieure portant les organes de coupe, et une section supérieure encadrant le module d'ancrage, la partie de fixation étant disposée à l'extrémité supérieure de la section supérieure du module de forage.According to a second embodiment, the drilling module has a lower section carrying the cutting members, and an upper section surrounding the anchoring module, the fixing part being disposed at the upper end of the upper section of the anchoring module. drilling.

On comprend donc que le module d'ancrage est disposé dans la section supérieure du module de forage.It is therefore understood that the anchoring module is placed in the upper section of the drilling module.

Un intérêt de cette conformation est que le module d'ancrage présente alors deux larges faces d'ancrage opposées, ce qui peut être préférable pour assurer l'accroche dans certains types de terrains. Un autre intérêt est de diminuer le nombre d'actuateurs nécessaires pour déployer les éléments d'ancrage.One advantage of this conformation is that the anchoring module then has two large opposite anchoring faces, which can be preferable to ensure grip in certain types of terrain. Another advantage is to reduce the number of actuators necessary to deploy the anchoring elements.

Selon un aspect avantageux de l'invention, le module de forage est monté pivotant par rapport au module d'ancrage dans un premier plan vertical, et au moins l'une des sections inférieure et supérieure comporte des moyens de correction de trajectoire pour faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage dans ledit premier plan vertical.According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the drilling module is mounted to pivot relative to the anchoring module in a first vertical plane, and at least one of the lower and upper sections comprises trajectory correction means for rotating the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in said first vertical plane.

Pour ce faire, le module de forage est préférentiellement monté au module d'ancrage avec un jeu autorisant un tel pivotement dans le premier plan vertical.To do this, the drilling module is preferably mounted on the anchoring module with a clearance allowing such pivoting in the first vertical plane.

Aussi, les moyens de correction de trajectoire permettent de modifier la position spatiale du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage afin de modifier la position des organes de coupe, ce qui permet d'ajuster la trajectoire de forage.Also, the trajectory correction means make it possible to modify the spatial position of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in order to modify the position of the cutting members, which makes it possible to adjust the drilling trajectory.

Cet ajustement de trajectoire, par pivotement du module de forage, est préférentiellement réalisé après immobilisation du module d'ancrage dans l'excavation.This trajectory adjustment, by pivoting the drilling module, is preferably carried out after immobilization of the anchoring module in the excavation.

De préférence, les moyens de correction de trajectoire comprennent des patins déployables, disposés en faces avant et arrière des sections inférieure et/ou supérieure, pour venir en appui contre au moins l'une des parois de l'excavation afin de faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage.Preferably, the trajectory correction means comprise deployable pads, arranged on the front and rear faces of the lower and / or upper sections, to come to bear against at least one of the walls of the excavation in order to make the module pivot. drilling relative to the anchoring module.

Les faces avant et arrière de la section inférieure et de la section supérieure sont celles qui sont disposées en vis-à-vis des plus grandes parois de l'excavation.The front and rear faces of the lower section and of the upper section are those which are arranged opposite the larger walls of the excavation.

On comprend que lorsque l'un des patins déployables vient en appui contre l'une des parois de l'excavation, il provoque par contre-réaction le pivotement du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage, et donc par rapport à l'excavation.It is understood that when one of the deployable pads comes to bear against one of the walls of the excavation, it causes by feedback the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module, and therefore relative to the 'excavation.

Avantageusement, la section inférieure comporte en outre un dispositif anti-balancement.Advantageously, the lower section further comprises an anti-sway device.

Un intérêt est d'empêcher le dandinement du module de forage, ce qui permet d'éviter que la trajectoire de forage ne dévie par rapport à la trajectoire désirée.One advantage is to prevent the waddle of the drilling module, which makes it possible to prevent the drilling trajectory from deviating from the desired trajectory.

Pour ce faire, le dispositif anti-balancement comporte préférentiellement des patins déployables configurés pour venir en appui contre au moins l'une des parois de l'excavation afin d'empêcher le pivotement du module de forage dans un deuxième plan vertical orthogonal au premier plan vertical. Les patins déployables sont préférentiellement disposés sur les bords latéraux de la section inférieure du module de forage.To do this, the anti-sway device preferably comprises deployable skids configured to bear against at least one of the walls of the excavation in order to prevent the pivoting of the drilling module in a second vertical plane orthogonal to the foreground. vertical. The deployable pads are preferably arranged on the lateral edges of the lower section of the drilling module.

Avantageusement, le dispositif de déplacement comporte un ou plusieurs vérins de poussée disposés entre le module d'ancrage et le module de forage.Advantageously, the displacement device comprises one or more thrust cylinders arranged between the anchoring module and the drilling module.

De préférence, le dispositif de déplacement est disposé entre le module d'ancrage et la section inférieure du module de forage.Preferably, the displacement device is arranged between the anchoring module and the lower section of the drilling module.

Avantageusement, le dispositif de déplacement comporte des moyens d'amortissement pour amortir les vibrations générées par les organes de coupe du module de forage lors de la réalisation du forage.Advantageously, the displacement device comprises damping means for damping the vibrations generated by the cutting members of the drilling module when the drilling is carried out.

De préférence, mais non exclusivement, l'amortissement est réalisé de manière hydraulique, grâce au dispositif d'amortissement hydraulique. Ce dernier comporte de préférence, mais non exclusivement, un accumulateur à ressort avec au moins un gicleur. Lors d'un choc, l'huile contenue dans l'une des chambres du vérin de poussée hydraulique est comprimée et s'écoule à travers le gicleur vers l'accumulateur à ressort pour amortir la montée en pression de l'huile, ce qui permet de réaliser l'amortissement. De préférence, le débit de fuite du gicleur et la précontrainte du ressort de l'accumulateur à ressort sont réglables, ce qui permet de régler le coefficient d'amortissement et la résistance en recul des vérins en fonction du poids appliqué sur les organes de coupe.Preferably, but not exclusively, the damping is carried out hydraulically, thanks to the hydraulic damping device. The latter preferably, but not exclusively, comprises a spring accumulator with at least one nozzle. In the event of an impact, the oil contained in one of the chambers of the hydraulic thrust cylinder is compressed and flows through the nozzle to the spring accumulator to dampen the rise in pressure of the oil, which allows the depreciation to be carried out. Preferably, the leakage rate of the nozzle and the spring preload of the spring accumulator are adjustable, which makes it possible to adjust the damping coefficient and the recoil resistance of the cylinders as a function of the weight applied to the cutting members. .

De façon alternative, les moyens d'amortissement comprennent un ou plusieurs ressorts associés aux vérins de poussée.Alternatively, the damping means comprise one or more springs associated with the thrust cylinders.

Avantageusement, l'élément d'ancrage comporte au moins un patin d'ancrage avant et au moins un patin d'ancrage arrière, les patins d'ancrage avant et arrière étant déployables selon une direction transversale à la direction longitudinale du module d'ancrage, de façon à prendre appui contre les parois de l'excavation pour immobiliser le module d'ancrage dans le sol.Advantageously, the anchoring element comprises at least one front anchoring shoe and at least one rear anchoring shoe, the front and rear anchoring shoes being deployable in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module. , so as to bear against the walls of the excavation to immobilize the anchoring module in the ground.

De préférence, le déploiement des patins d'ancrage est réalisé grâce à des actuateurs, tels des vérins, disposés dans le module d'ancrage.Preferably, the deployment of the anchoring pads is achieved by means of actuators, such as jacks, arranged in the anchoring module.

Avantageusement, ladite machine de forage est une fraise dont les organes de coupe comportent deux paires de tambours qui sont rotatifs autour d'axes de rotation parallèles, distincts et perpendiculaires à la direction de forage.Advantageously, said drilling machine is a milling cutter, the cutting members of which comprise two pairs of drums which are rotating about parallel axes of rotation, distinct and perpendicular to the direction of drilling.

On précise que le premier plan vertical mentionné ci-dessus est alors parallèle aux axes de rotation, tandis que le deuxième plan vertical est orthogonal aux axes de rotation.It is specified that the first vertical plane mentioned above is then parallel to the axes of rotation, while the second vertical plane is orthogonal to the axes of rotation.

Pour permettre l'évacuation du sol excavé, le module de forage comporte en outre un dispositif d'aspiration de déblais qui comprend un organe de pompage disposé en partie inférieure du module de forage et une conduite d'évacuation, reliée à l'organe de pompage, qui s'étend à l'intérieur du module de forage jusqu'à une extrémité supérieure du module de forage située au-dessus du module d'ancrage.To allow the evacuation of the excavated soil, the drilling module further comprises a cuttings suction device which comprises a pumping member arranged in the lower part of the drilling module and an evacuation pipe, connected to the discharge member. pumping, which extends inside the drill module to an upper end of the drill module located above the anchor module.

Le fait que le module de forage soit suspendu au câble de sustentation a pour effet avantageux de faciliter l'intégration des flexibles dans la machine de forage, et en particulier la conduite d'évacuation des déblais.The fact that the drilling module is suspended from the lifting cable has the advantageous effect of facilitating the integration of the hoses into the drilling machine, and in particular the cuttings evacuation pipe.

Lorsque le module de forage comporte une section supérieure sous forme d'une barre, la conduite d'évacuation s'étend à l'intérieur de ladite barre.When the drilling module has an upper section in the form of a bar, the discharge pipe extends inside said bar.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation de la machine de forage selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2A est une vue de face de la machine de forage de la figure 1 , le module de forage étant en position rétractée;
  • la figure 2B est une vue de face de la machine de forage de la figure 2A , en position déployée ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de la machine de forage selon l'invention, le module de forage étant en position rétractée ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de face de la machine de forage de la figure 3 , le module de forage étant en position rétractée ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de face de la machine de forage de la figure 3 , le module de forage étant en position déployée.
  • la figure 6 est une illustration schématique de la machine de forage selon l'invention, vue de côté, en cours de forage, le module d'ancrage étant immobilisé dans le sol ;
  • la figure 7 est une illustration de la machine de forage de la figure 6 où le module de forage est incliné par rapport au module d'ancrage ; et
  • la figure 8 illustre un exemple de moyens d'amortissement hydrauliques.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the drilling machine according to the invention;
  • the figure 2A is a front view of the drilling machine from the figure 1 , the drilling module being in the retracted position;
  • the figure 2B is a front view of the drilling machine from the figure 2A , in the deployed position;
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the drilling machine according to the invention, the drilling module being in the retracted position;
  • the figure 4 is a front view of the drilling machine from the figure 3 , the drilling module being in the retracted position;
  • the figure 5 is a front view of the drilling machine from the figure 3 , the drilling module being in the deployed position.
  • the figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the drilling machine according to the invention, seen from the side, during drilling, the anchoring module being immobilized in the ground;
  • the figure 7 is an illustration of the drilling machine of the figure 6 where the drilling module is inclined relative to the anchoring module; and
  • the figure 8 illustrates an example of hydraulic damping means.

Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention

A l'aide des figures 1 , 2A et 2B , on va tout d'abord décrire un premier mode de réalisation d'une machine de forage 10 conforme à la présente invention. La machine de forage 10 est conçue pour réaliser une excavation E dans un sol S selon une direction de forage F sensiblement verticale. Autrement dit, la machine de forage 10 selon l'invention est conçue pour réaliser des tranchées verticales dans le sol. La machine de forage 10 comporte un module de forage 12 qui est muni d'organes de coupe 14 qui, dans cet exemple, comportent deux paires de tambours 16, 18 qui sont rotatifs autour d'axes de rotation A, B qui sont parallèles, distincts et perpendiculaires à la direction de forage F. Les paires de tambours 16 et 18 portent des dents de coupe référencées 20. On comprend que, dans cet exemple, la machine de forage 10 est une fraise.Using the figures 1 , 2A and 2B , we will first describe a first embodiment of a drilling machine 10 according to the present invention. The drilling machine 10 is designed to perform an excavation E in a soil S in a substantially vertical drilling direction F. In other words, the drilling machine 10 according to the invention is designed to make vertical trenches in the ground. The drilling machine 10 comprises a drilling module 12 which is provided with cutting members 14 which, in this example, comprise two pairs of drums 16, 18 which are rotatable about axes of rotation A, B which are parallel, distinct and perpendicular to the drilling direction F. The pairs of drums 16 and 18 carry cutting teeth referenced 20. It is understood that, in this example, the drilling machine 10 is a milling cutter.

La machine de forage 10 comporte par ailleurs un module d'ancrage 22 qui se trouve au-dessus des organes de coupe 14 et qui présente une direction longitudinale L, laquelle est sensiblement verticale. Le module d'ancrage 22 comprend des éléments d'ancrage 24 qui ont pour fonction de bloquer le déplacement du module d'ancrage 22 par rapport aux parois de l'excavation E selon la direction de forage F. Autrement dit, lorsqu'ils sont actionnés, les éléments d'ancrage immobilisent le module d'ancrage dans le sol. Dans le premier mode de réalisation, le module d'ancrage 22 comporte deux éléments d'ancrage 24, chaque élément d'ancrage comportant quatre patins d'ancrage avant 30 et quatre patins d'ancrage arrière 32. On comprend que les patins d'ancrage avant 30 sont disposés en face avant 26 du module d'ancrage 22, tandis que les patins d'ancrage arrière 32 sont disposés sur la face arrière 28 du module d'ancrage 22. The drilling machine 10 also comprises an anchoring module 22 which is located above the cutting members 14 and which has a longitudinal direction L, which is substantially vertical. The anchoring module 22 comprises anchoring elements 24 which have the function of blocking the movement of the anchoring module 22 relative to the walls of the excavation E in the drilling direction F. In other words, when they are actuated, the anchoring elements immobilize the anchor module in the ground. In the first embodiment, the anchoring module 22 comprises two anchoring elements 24, each anchoring element comprising four front anchoring pads 30 and four rear anchoring pads 32. It is understood that the pads of front anchoring 30 are arranged on the front face 26 of the anchoring module 22, while the rear anchoring pads 32 are arranged on the rear face 28 of the anchoring module 22.

Les patins d'ancrage avant et arrière 30, 32 sont déployables selon une direction transversale T qui est transversale à la direction longitudinale L du module d'ancrage, de façon à prendre appui contre les deux plus grandes parois P1, P2 opposées de l'excavation E, et ce afin d'immobiliser le module d'ancrage 22 dans le sol S. Pour ce faire, les patins d'ancrage sont déployés grâce à des vérins disposés dans le module d'ancrage.The front and rear anchoring pads 30, 32 can be deployed in a transverse direction T which is transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the anchoring module, so as to bear against the two largest walls P1 , P2 opposite the excavation E, in order to immobilize the anchoring module 22 in the ground S. To do this, the anchoring pads are deployed by means of jacks arranged in the anchoring module.

En se référant à nouveau à la figure 2A , on constate que le module de forage 12 présente une section inférieure 40, disposée en-dessous du module d'ancrage 22, qui porte les organes de coupe 14 ainsi qu'un organe de pompage 42 et un dispositif d'aspiration de déblai 44. L'organe de pompage 42 comporte une buse 46 qui débouche entre les deux paires de tambours 16, 18 afin d'aspirer des fragments de sol excavés.Referring again to the figure 2A , we see that the drilling module 12 has a lower section 40, disposed below the anchoring module 22, which carries the cutting members 14 as well as a pumping member 42 and a cuttings suction device 44 . the pumping member 42 includes a nozzle 46 which opens between the two pairs of drums 16, 18 to aspirate the fragments of excavated soil.

Le module de forage 12 comporte en outre une section supérieure 51 qui se présente sous la forme d'une barre longitudinale, orientée verticalement, qui s'étend depuis une extrémité supérieure 40a de la section inférieure 40. The drilling module 12 further comprises an upper section 51 which is in the form of a longitudinal bar, oriented vertically, which extends from an upper end 40a of the lower section 40.

Comme on le constate sur les figures 1 , 2A et 2B , la section supérieure 51 en forme de barre s'étend selon la direction longitudinale L du module d'ancrage à l'intérieur dudit module d'ancrage 22. Plus précisément, la section supérieure 51 en forme de barre traverse longitudinalement le module d'ancrage 22, et fait saillie au-delà de l'extrémité supérieure 22a du module d'ancrage 22. As can be seen on the figures 1 , 2A and 2B , the upper section 51 in the form of a bar extends in the longitudinal direction L of the anchoring module inside said anchoring module 22. More precisely, the upper section 51 in the form of a bar crosses the module longitudinally. anchor 22, and protrudes beyond the upper end 22a of the anchor module 22.

On constate par ailleurs que les deux éléments d'ancrage 24 sont disposés de part et d'autre de la section supérieure 51 en forme de barre.It is also noted that the two anchoring elements 24 are arranged on either side of the upper section 51 in the form of a bar.

Par ailleurs, le module de forage 12 est mobile en translation par rapport au module d'ancrage selon la direction de forage F, c'est-à-dire selon une direction sensiblement verticale. C'est ainsi que le module de forage peut passer d'une position rétractée, illustrée en figure 2A , dans laquelle les organes de coupe 14 sont proches du module d'ancrage 22, à une position déployée, illustrée en figure 2B , dans laquelle les organes de coupe 14 sont distants du module d'ancrage.Furthermore, the drilling module 12 is movable in translation with respect to the anchoring module in the drilling direction F, that is to say in a substantially vertical direction. This is how the drilling module can move from a retracted position, shown in figure 2A , in in which the cutters 14 are close to the anchoring module 22, in a deployed position, illustrated in figure 2B , in which the cutters 14 are spaced from the anchoring module.

Pour ce faire, la machine de forage 10 comporte un dispositif de déplacement 50, en l'espèce des vérins de poussée hydrauliques 52, 54, qui sont disposés entre le module d'ancrage 22 et le module de forage 12, pour déplacer en translation le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage selon la direction de forage. Plus précisément, le dispositif de déplacement 50, constitué par les vérins de poussée 52 et 54 est disposé entre l'extrémité inférieure 22b du module d'ancrage et l'extrémité supérieure 40a de la section inférieure 40 du module de forage 12. To do this, the drilling machine 10 comprises a displacement device 50, in this case hydraulic thrust cylinders 52, 54, which are arranged between the anchoring module 22 and the drilling module 12, to move in translation. the drilling module relative to the anchoring module according to the drilling direction. More precisely, the displacement device 50, consisting of the thrust cylinders 52 and 54, is arranged between the lower end 22b of the anchoring module and the upper end 40a of the lower section 40 of the drilling module 12.

On comprend donc que l'actionnement des vérins de poussée 52, 54 a pour effet de déplacer le module de forage 12 par rapport au module d'ancrage 22 en translation selon la direction de forage F. En particulier, lorsque le module d'ancrage est immobilisé dans le sol, l'actionnement des vérins de poussée a pour effet d'exercer une poussée sur les organes de coupe 14 dirigée selon la direction de forage F. It is therefore understood that the actuation of the thrust cylinders 52, 54 has the effect of moving the drilling module 12 relative to the anchoring module 22 in translation in the drilling direction F. In particular, when the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground, the actuation of the thrust cylinders has the effect of exerting a thrust on the cutting members 14 directed in the direction of drilling F.

Le dispositif d'aspiration de déblais 44 comporte en outre une conduite d'évacuation 45, qui est reliée à l'organe de pompage 42 et qui s'étend à l'intérieur du module de forage, et plus précisément à l'intérieur de la section supérieure 51 en forme de barre, jusqu'à une extrémité supérieure du module de forage 12 située au-dessus du module d'ancrage 22. Cette conduite d'évacuation 45 a pour fonction d'évacuer les déblais excavés vers une station de traitement des déblais située en surface.The cuttings suction device 44 further comprises an evacuation pipe 45, which is connected to the pumping member 42 and which extends inside the drilling module, and more precisely inside the drilling module. the upper section 51 in the form of a bar, up to an upper end of the drilling module 12 located above the anchoring module 22. This discharge pipe 45 has the function of discharging the excavated cuttings to a station of treatment of cuttings located on the surface.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 2A , le dispositif de déplacement 50 comporte en outre des moyens d'amortissement 60 pour amortir les vibrations générées par les organes de coupe 14 du module de forage lors de la réalisation du forage.In the example of figure 2A , the displacement device 50 further comprises damping means 60 for damping the vibrations generated by the cutting members 14 of the drilling module during the drilling.

Ces moyens d'amortissement 60 sont illustrés en figure 8 . Ces derniers comportent un dispositif d'amortissement hydraulique 62 qui est relié fluidiquement aux vérins de poussée hydrauliques 52, 54. Dans cet exemple, le dispositif d'amortissement hydraulique comporte de préférence un accumulateur à ressorts 64 avec au moins un gicleur. Lors d'un choc subi par les organes de coupe 14, l'huile contenue dans l'une des chambres 52a, 54a des vérins de poussée hydrauliques 52, 54 est comprimée et s'écoule à travers le gicleur vers l'accumulateur à ressorts 64 pour amortir la montée en pression de l'huile, ce qui permet de réaliser l'amortissement. Les moyens d'amortissement 60 comportent en outre un dispositif 66 de régulation du coefficient d'amortissement des moyens d'amortissement et plus précisément du coefficient d'amortissement de l'accumulateur à ressort 64. Aussi, lors d'un choc, les vibrations générées par les organes de coupe ne sont pas transmises au module d'ancrage 22. These damping means 60 are illustrated in figure 8 . The latter comprise a hydraulic damping device 62 which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic thrust cylinders 52, 54. In this example, the hydraulic damping device preferably comprises a spring accumulator 64 with at least one nozzle. During an impact suffered by the cutters 14, the oil contained in one of the chambers 52a, 54a of the hydraulic thrust cylinders 52, 54 is compressed and flows through the nozzle to the spring accumulator 64 to dampen the rise in pressure of the oil, which makes it possible to achieve damping. The damping means 60 further include a device 66 for regulating the damping coefficient of the damping means and more precisely the damping coefficient of the spring accumulator 64. Also, during an impact, the vibrations generated by the cutters are not transmitted to the anchoring module 22.

De préférence, le débit de fuite du gicleur et la précontrainte du ressort de l'accumulateur sont réglables à distance.Preferably, the nozzle leakage rate and the accumulator spring preload are remotely adjustable.

Conformément à l'invention, la machine de forage 10 est suspendue à un câble de sustentation 70 qui est fixé à une partie de fixation 53 du module de forage 12. Dans cet exemple, la partie de fixation 53 est disposée à l'extrémité supérieure du module de forage. Le câble de sustentation 70 permet de suspendre la machine de forage 10 à un engin de levage (non représenté ici) connu par ailleurs.According to the invention, the drilling machine 10 is suspended from a lifting cable 70 which is fixed to a fixing part 53 of the drilling module 12. In this example, the fixing part 53 is disposed at the upper end. of the drilling module. The lifting cable 70 makes it possible to suspend the drilling machine 10 from a lifting device (not shown here) known elsewhere.

Plus précisément, dans ce premier mode de réalisation, le câble de sustentation 70 est fixé à une extrémité supérieure 51a de la section supérieure 51 du module de forage 12. On constate que cette extrémité supérieure 51a de la section supérieure 51 du module de forage 12 forme la partie de fixation 53 qui s'étend au-dessus du module d'ancrage 22 à laquelle est fixé le câble de sustentation 70. More precisely, in this first embodiment, the lifting cable 70 is fixed to an upper end 51a of the upper section 51 of the drilling module 12. It is noted that this upper end 51a of the upper section 51 of the drilling module 12 forms the fixing part 53 which extends above the anchoring module 22 to which the lifting cable 70 is fixed .

Comme on le voit sur la figure 2A , les deux éléments d'ancrage 24 sont reliés l'un à l'autre par des organes de liaison 25 qui constituent également des moyens de guidage en translation de la section supérieure 51 en forme de barre. Les organes de liaison 25 forment des fourreaux dans lesquels la section supérieure 51 en forme de barre est montée coulissante selon la direction de forage.As seen on the figure 2A , the two anchoring elements 24 are connected to one another by connecting members 25 which also constitute means for guiding in translation the upper section 51 in the form of a bar. The connecting members 25 form sheaths in which the upper bar-shaped section 51 is slidably mounted in the drilling direction.

Considéré selon la direction transversale T, parallèle à la direction de déploiement des patins d'ancrage, un jeu est ménagé entre la section supérieure 51 et les organes de liaison 25, de façon que le module d'ancrage 12 puisse pivoter par rapport au module d'ancrage 22, ce pivotement se faisant dans un premier plan Q1 vertical qui est parallèle aux axes de rotation A et B des tambours. Ce premier plan vertical Q1 est illustré sur la figure 1 . On précise que le pivotement du module de forage 12 par rapport au module d'ancrage 22 est de l'ordre de quelques degrés et permet de modifier la position des organes de coupe 14 afin de corriger si besoin la trajectoire de forage.Considered in the transverse direction T, parallel to the direction of deployment of the anchoring pads, a clearance is provided between the upper section 51 and the connecting members 25, so that the anchoring module 12 can pivot relative to the module. anchoring 22, this pivoting taking place in a first vertical plane Q1 which is parallel to the axes of rotation A and B of the drums. This first vertical plane Q1 is illustrated on the figure 1 . It is specified that the pivoting of the drilling module 12 relative to the anchoring module 22 is of the order of a few degrees and makes it possible to modify the position of the cutters 14 in order to correct the drilling trajectory if necessary.

A l'aide des figures 6 et 7 représentant de façon schématique en vue de côté la machine de forage selon l'invention, il va maintenant être expliqué comment est effectué le pivotement du module de forage 12 par rapport au module d'ancrage 22. La section inférieure 40 du module de forage 12 comporte des moyens de correction de trajectoire 80 qui ont pour fonction de faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage dans le premier plan vertical Q1. Pour ce faire, ces moyens de correction de trajectoire comprennent des patins déployables 82, 84 qui sont disposés en face avant 40a et en face arrière 40b de la section inférieure 40 du module de forage.Using the figures 6 and 7 schematically showing a side view of the drilling machine according to the invention, it will now be explained how the pivoting of the drilling module 12 relative to the anchoring module 22 is performed. The lower section 40 of the drilling module 12 comprises trajectory correction means 80 which have the function of rotating the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in the first vertical plane Q1 . To do this, these trajectory correction means comprise deployable pads 82, 84 which are arranged on the front face 40a and on the rear face 40b of the lower section 40 of the drilling module.

Les patins déployables 82, 84 sont configurés pour venir en appui contre l'une ou l'autre des plus grandes parois P1, P2 de l'excavation E afin de faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage. Dans l'exemple de la figure 7 , c'est le patin déployable 84 de la face arrière de la section inférieure 40 du module de forage qui est actionné de façon à venir en appui contre la paroi P2. Par contre-réaction, le module de forage 12 pivote dans le premier plan vertical Q1 de telle sorte que les organes de coupe 14 se rapprochent de la paroi P1 opposé de l'excavation. Dans la mesure où il existe un jeu entre les organes de liaison 25 et la section supérieure du module de forage, on comprend que le module de forage peut légèrement s'incliner par rapport au module d'ancrage, ce qui permet d'ajuster la position des organes de coupe 14. Bien évidemment, sur la figure 7 , l'angle α de pivotement a été exagéré pour faciliter la compréhension de l'invention.The deployable pads 82, 84 are configured to bear against one or the other of the larger walls P1 , P2 of the excavation E in order to rotate the drilling module relative to the anchoring module. In the example of figure 7 , it is the deployable pad 84 of the rear face of the lower section 40 of the drilling module which is actuated so as to come to bear against the wall P2. By feedback, the drilling module 12 pivots in the first vertical plane Q1 so that the cutters 14 approach the wall P1 opposite the excavation. Insofar as there is a play between the connecting members 25 and the upper section of the drilling module, it will be understood that the drilling module can tilt slightly relative to the anchoring module, which makes it possible to adjust the position of the cutting members 14. Obviously, on the figure 7 , the pivot angle α has been exaggerated to facilitate understanding of the invention.

On précise également que le pivotement du module de forage 12 par rapport au module d'ancrage 22 peut être réalisé alors que le module d'ancrage est immobilisé dans le sol S grâce à l'actionnement des éléments d'ancrage 24, les patins d'ancrage 30, 32 étant déployés.It is also specified that the pivoting of the drilling module 12 relative to the anchoring module 22 can be achieved while the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground S thanks to the actuation of the anchoring elements 24, the pads d 'anchor 30, 32 being deployed.

Selon un autre exemple d'utilisation, on fait tout d'abord pivoter le module de forage afin de corriger la trajectoire de forage, puis on immobilise le module d'ancrage dans le sol, à la suite de quoi on actionne les organes de coupe.According to another example of use, the drilling module is first pivoted in order to correct the drilling trajectory, then the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground, following which the cutting members are actuated. .

Afin d'éviter que la machine de forage 10 se balance à l'extrémité du câble de sustentation 70 dans un mouvement de balancement dans un plan vertical Q2 orthogonal au premier plan vertical Q1, la section inférieure 40 comporte en outre un dispositif anti-balancement 86. Ce dispositif anti-balancement 86, comme schématisé en figure 1 , comporte des patins latéraux déployables 88 qui sont configurés pour venir en appui contre l'une ou l'autre des plus petites parois P3, P4 orthogonales aux plus grandes parois P1, P2. On comprend que l'actionnement des patins latéraux déployables permet de stabiliser le module de forage de sorte qu'il ne présente pas un mouvement de balancier dans le deuxième plan vertical Q2. In order to prevent the drilling machine 10 from swinging at the end of the lifting cable 70 in a rocking motion in a vertical plane Q2 orthogonal to the first vertical plane Q1 , the lower section 40 further comprises an anti-sway device 86. This anti-sway device 86, as shown diagrammatically in figure 1 , comprises deployable side pads 88 which are configured to bear against one or the other of the smaller walls P3, P4 orthogonal to the larger walls P1 , P2. It will be understood that the actuation of the deployable lateral skids makes it possible to stabilize the drilling module so that it does not have a rocking movement in the second vertical plane Q2.

A l'aide des figures 3 à 5 , on va maintenant décrire un deuxième mode de réalisation de la machine de forage 110 selon l'invention. Les caractéristiques techniques communes au premier mode de réalisation portent la même référence augmentée de la valeur 100. Using the figures 3 to 5 , we will now describe a second embodiment of the drilling machine 110 according to the invention. The technical characteristics common to the first embodiment bear the same reference increased by the value 100.

La machine de forage 110 comporte un module de forage 112 muni d'organes de coupe 114. La machine de forage 110 comporte en outre un module d'ancrage 122, qui s'étend selon une direction longitudinale L sensiblement verticale, et qui est muni de deux éléments d'ancrage 124 pour bloquer le déplacement du module d'ancrage 122 par rapport aux parois de l'excavation E selon la direction de forage F, qui est également sensiblement verticale.The drilling machine 110 comprises a drilling module 112 provided with cutting members 114. The drilling machine 110 further comprises an anchoring module 122, which extends in a substantially vertical longitudinal direction L , and which is provided with two anchoring elements 124 for blocking the movement of the anchoring module 122 relative to the walls of the excavation E in the drilling direction F, which is also substantially vertical.

Les éléments d'ancrage comportent des patins d'ancrage avant 130 et arrière (non visibles) qui sont disposés sur chacune des plus grandes faces avant et arrière du module d'ancrage. Ces patins d'ancrage sont déployables de façon à pouvoir venir en appui contre les plus grandes parois P1, P2 de l'excavation afin d'immobiliser le module d'ancrage dans le sol S. The anchoring elements include front 130 and rear anchoring pads (not visible) which are arranged on each of the larger front and rear faces of the anchoring module. These anchoring pads can be deployed so as to be able to bear against the largest walls P1 , P2 of the excavation in order to immobilize the anchoring module in the ground S.

Le module de forage 112 est également muni d'organes de coupe 114, ce module de forage étant mobile en translation par rapport au module d'ancrage selon la direction de forage F. Dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, le module de forage 112 présente une section inférieure 140 qui porte les organes de coupe 114 ainsi qu'une section supérieure 151 qui s'étend au-dessus de la section inférieure 140. De façon notable, la section supérieure 151 présente, dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, une structure qui encadre le module d'ancrage 122. The drilling module 112 is also provided with cutting members 114, this drilling module being movable in translation with respect to the anchoring module in the drilling direction F. In this second embodiment, the drilling module 112 has a lower section 140 which carries the cutters 114 as well as an upper section 151 which extends above the lower section 140. Notably, the upper section 151 has, in this second embodiment, a structure which frames the anchoring module 122.

Comme on le comprend à l'aide des figures 4 et 5 , le module d'ancrage 122 est monté coulissant à l'intérieur de la section supérieure 151 du module de forage. Le déplacement du module de forage 112 par rapport au module d'ancrage est réalisé grâce à un dispositif de déplacement 150, visible sur la figure 5 , qui comporte un unique vérin de poussée 152. Ce vérin de poussée 152 est disposé entre le module d'ancrage 122 et la section inférieure 140 du module de forage 112. La figure 4 illustre la machine de forage en position rétractée, tandis que la figure 5 illustre la machine de forage en position déployée, le vérin de poussée 152 étant lui-même déployé, de sorte que les organes de coupe 114 sont distants du module d'ancrage 122. As can be understood from the figures 4 and 5 , the anchor module 122 is slidably mounted inside the upper section 151 of the drilling module. The displacement of the drilling module 112 relative to the anchoring module is achieved by means of a displacement device 150, visible on the figure 5 , which comprises a single thrust cylinder 152. This thrust cylinder 152 is arranged between the anchoring module 122 and the lower section 140 of the drilling module 112. The figure 4 shows the drilling rig in the retracted position, while the figure 5 illustrates the drilling machine in the deployed position, the thrust cylinder 152 itself being deployed, so that the cutters 114 are distant from the anchoring module 122.

La machine de forage 110 selon le second mode de réalisation de l'invention est également suspendue à un câble de sustentation 170 qui est fixé à une partie de fixation 153 du module de forage qui est disposée à une extrémité supérieure 112a du module de forage 112. La partie de fixation 153 s'étend au-dessus du module d'ancrage 122, le câble de sustentation 170 étant donc fixé à ladite partie de fixation 153. The drilling machine 110 according to the second embodiment of the invention is also suspended from a lifting cable 170 which is fixed to a fixing part 153 of the drilling module which is disposed at an upper end 112a of the drilling module 112. . the fixing portion 153 extends above the anchoring module 122, the airfoil 170 of the cable being thus fixed at said fixing portion 153.

Le module de forage 112 est également monté avec jeu avec le module d'ancrage 122. En conséquence de quoi, tout comme dans le premier mode de réalisation, le module de forage 112 de la machine de forage selon le deuxième mode de réalisation est également monté pivotant par rapport au module d'ancrage 122. Ce pivotement s'effectue de façon similaire à ce qui est illustré en figure 7 . The drilling module 112 is also mounted with play with the anchoring module 122. As a result, just like in the first embodiment, the drilling module 112 of the drilling machine according to the second embodiment is also pivotally mounted relative to the anchoring module 122. This pivoting is performed in a manner similar to what is illustrated in figure 7 .

Pour effectuer ce pivotement, la section inférieure 140 comporte des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 180, qui comprennent des patins déployables inférieurs avant 182 en face avant 140a et des patins déployables inférieurs arrière 184 en face arrière 140b. En outre, la section supérieure 151 comporte des seconds moyens de correction de trajectoire 190 qui comprennent des patins déployables supérieurs avant 192 disposés en face avant 151b et des patins déployables supérieurs arrière 194 disposés en face arrière 151c de la section supérieure du module de forage.To perform this pivoting, the lower section 140 comprises first trajectory correction means 180, which comprise front lower deployable pads 182 on the front face 140a and rear lower deployable pads 184 on the rear face 140b. In addition, the upper section 151 comprises second trajectory correction means 190 which comprise front upper deployable pads 192 arranged on the front face 151b and rear upper deployable pads 194 arranged on the rear face 151c of the upper section of the drilling module.

Ces patins déployables 182, 184, 192, 194 sont configurés pour venir en appui contre l'une ou l'autre des plus grandes parois P1, P2 de l'excavation E afin de faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage dans le premier plan vertical Q1. On comprend que les patins déployables inférieurs avant 182 de la section inférieure 140 du module de forage sont actionnés conjointement avec les patins déployables supérieurs arrière 194 disposés en face arrière de la section supérieure 151 de façon à faciliter le pivotement du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage dans un premier sens. Inversement, les patins déployables inférieurs arrière 184 de la section inférieure 140 sont actionnés conjointement avec les patins déployables supérieurs avant 192 de la face avant de la section supérieure 151 du module de forage, de façon à également faciliter le pivotement de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage dans un second sens de rotation, opposé au premier sens.These deployable pads 182, 184, 192, 194 are configured to come to bear against one or the other of the larger walls P1 , P2 of the excavation E in order to rotate the drilling module relative to the module of anchoring in the first vertical plane Q1 . It is understood that the front lower deployable skids 182 of the lower section 140 of the drilling module are actuated in conjunction with the skids. deployable upper rear 194 disposed on the rear face of the upper section 151 so as to facilitate the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in a first direction. Conversely, the lower rear deployable skates 184 of the lower section 140 are actuated in conjunction with the upper front deployable skids 192 of the front face of the upper section 151 of the drilling module, so as also to facilitate the drilling pivot relative to the module. anchoring in a second direction of rotation, opposite to the first direction.

Aussi, on comprend que l'axe de pivotement du module de forage est horizontal et se situe sensiblement entre les patins déployables 192, 194 de la section supérieure et les patins déployables 182, 184 de la section inférieure.Also, it is understood that the pivot axis of the drilling module is horizontal and is located substantially between the deployable pads 192, 194 of the upper section and the deployable pads 182, 184 of the lower section.

La section inférieure 140 du module de forage comporte également un dispositif anti-balancement 186 comprenant des patins latéraux déployables 188 disposés le long des bords latéraux de la section inférieure 140, ces patins latéraux déployables étant configurés pour venir en appui contre l'une ou l'autre des plus petites parois de l'excavation P3, P4. On précise que les bords latéraux 140c, 140d de la section inférieure 140 sont contigus aux faces avant et arrière de ladite section inférieure 140. The lower section 140 of the drilling module also includes an anti-sway device 186 comprising deployable side pads 188 disposed along the side edges of the lower section 140, these deployable side pads being configured to bear against one or the other. other of the smaller walls of the excavation P3, P4. It is specified that the side edges 140c, 140d of the lower section 140 are contiguous to the front and rear faces of said lower section 140.

La machine de forage 110 selon le second mode de réalisation comprend des moyens d'amortissement similaires à celui du premier mode de réalisation, tels qu'illustrés en figure 8 . The drilling machine 110 according to the second embodiment comprises damping means similar to that of the first embodiment, as illustrated in figure 8 .

A l'instar du premier mode de réalisation, la machine de forage 110 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation est également une fraise dont les organes de coupe 114 comportent deux paires de tambours 116, 118 munis de dents de coupe, qui sont rotatifs autour d'axes de rotation A, B parallèles, distincts et perpendiculaires à la direction de forage F. Like the first embodiment, the drilling machine 110 according to the second embodiment is also a mill whose cutting members 114 comprise two pairs of drums 116, 118 provided with cutting teeth, which are rotatable around it. 'axes of rotation A, B parallel, distinct and perpendicular to the drilling direction F.

Le module de forage 112 comporte également un dispositif d'aspiration de déblais 144 qui comprend un organe de pompage 142 disposé en partie inférieure du module de forage et une conduite d'évacuation 145 pour l'évacuation des déblais.The drilling module 112 also comprises a cuttings suction device 144 which comprises a pumping member 142 arranged in the lower part of the drilling module and an evacuation pipe 145 for the evacuation of the cuttings.

La conduite d'évacuation 145 étant reliée à l'organe de pompage 142 et s'étend à l'intérieur du module de forage et du module d'ancrage jusqu'à une extrémité supérieure du module de forage qui est située au-dessus du module d'ancrage, la conduite d'évacuation 145 traversant la partie de fixation 153. The discharge pipe 145 being connected to the pumping member 142 and extends inside the drilling module and the anchoring module to an upper end of the drilling module which is located above of the anchoring module, the discharge pipe 145 passing through the fixing part 153.

Claims (13)

  1. A drilling machine (10; 110) for making an excavation (E) in ground (S) in a drilling direction (F) that is substantially vertical, said drilling machine comprising:
    an anchor module (22; 122) having at least one anchor element (24; 124) for preventing the anchor module (22; 122) from moving relative to the walls of the excavation (E) in the drilling direction (F), the anchor module having a longitudinal direction;
    a drilling module (12; 112) provided with cutter members (14; 114), the drilling module being movable in translation relative to the anchor module in the drilling direction (F), the module including a spoil suction device that comprises a pump member arranged in the bottom portion of the drilling module.
    a movement device (50; 150) arranged between the anchor module (22; 122) and the drilling module (12) in order to move the drilling module in translation relative to the anchor module in the drilling direction;
    the drilling machine being suspended from a lift cable (70; 170) that is fastened to a fastener portion (53; 153) of the drilling module (12; 112),
    characterized in that the drilling machine is a drill in which the cutter members (14; 114) comprise two pairs of drums (16, 18; 116, 118) that are rotatable about axes of rotation (A, B) that are parallel, distinct, and perpendicular to the drilling direction (F),
    and in that the spoil suction device comprises a discharge pipe (45; 145), that is connected to the pump member, that extends inside the drilling module to a top end of the drilling module situated above the anchor module.
  2. A drilling machine (10; 110) according to claim 1, wherein the fastener portion (53; 153) extends above the anchor module (22; 122).
  3. A drilling machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drilling module presents a bottom section (40) carrying the cutter members, and a top section (51) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the anchor module inside said anchor module (22), the fastener portion being arranged at the top end of the top section of the drilling module.
  4. A drilling machine (10) according to claim 3, wherein the top section (51) is a bar mounted to slide in the anchor module, said bar passing longitudinally through the anchor module.
  5. A drilling machine (10) according to claim 4, wherein the anchor module has two anchor elements (24) arranged on either side of the bar (51), the anchor elements being connected to each other and extending in the longitudinal direction of the anchor module.
  6. A drilling machine (110) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drilling module (112) presents a bottom section (140) carrying the cutter members, and a top section (151) surrounding the anchor module, the fastener portion being arranged at the top end of the top section of the drilling module.
  7. A drilling machine (10; 110) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the drilling module (12; 112) is mounted to pivot relative to the anchor module (22; 122) in a first vertical plane (Q1), and wherein at least one of the bottom section (40; 140) and the top section includes path correction means (80; 180) for causing the drilling module (12; 112) to pivot relative to the anchor module (22; 122) in said first vertical plane.
  8. A drilling machine (10; 110) according to claim 7, wherein the path correction means comprise deployable pads (82, 84; 182, 184, 192, 194) arranged on the front and rear faces of the bottom and/or top sections in order to bear against at least one of the walls (P1, P2) of the excavation (E) in order to cause the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchor module.
  9. A drilling machine (10; 110) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the bottom section (40; 140) further comprises an anti-swinging device (86; 186).
  10. A drilling machine (10; 110) according to claim 9, wherein the anti-swinging device comprises deployable lateral pads (88; 188) configured to bear against at least one of the walls of the excavation so as to cause the drilling module to pivot in a second vertical plane (Q2) that is orthogonal to the first vertical plane (Q1).
  11. A drilling machine (10; 110) according to any one of preceding claims, wherein the movement device (50; 150) comprises one or more thrust actuators (52, 54; 152) arranged between the anchor module (22) and the drilling module (12; 112).
  12. A drilling machine according to any one of preceding claims, wherein the movement device (50) includes damper means (60) for damping the vibrations generated by the cutter members (14) of the drilling module when drilling.
  13. A drilling machine (10; 110) according to any one of preceding claims, wherein the anchor element (24; 124) includes at least one front anchor pad (30; 130) and at least one rear anchor pad (32), the front and rear anchor pads (30, 32; 130) being deployable in a transverse direction (T) that is transverse relative to the longitudinal direction (L) of the anchor module, so as to bear against the walls (P1, P2) of the excavation in order to prevent the anchor module from moving in the ground.
EP16775808.5A 2015-09-10 2016-09-08 Drilling machine Active EP3347528B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1558429A FR3041025B1 (en) 2015-09-10 2015-09-10 DRILLING MACHINE SUSPENDED WITH A SUSTENTATION CABLE FIXED TO THE DRILLING MODULE
PCT/FR2016/052252 WO2017042500A1 (en) 2015-09-10 2016-09-08 Drilling machine

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EP3347528A1 EP3347528A1 (en) 2018-07-18
EP3347528B1 true EP3347528B1 (en) 2020-08-05

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JP (1) JP6655171B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102175318B1 (en)
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DE (1) DE202016008570U1 (en)
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FR3041025B1 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-09-29 Soletanche Freyssinet DRILLING MACHINE SUSPENDED WITH A SUSTENTATION CABLE FIXED TO THE DRILLING MODULE
FR3041022B1 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-09-29 Soletanche Freyssinet ANCHORABLE DRILLING MACHINE HAVING AN ARTICULATED AND MOBILE DRILLING MODULE IN TRANSLATION
EP3401444B1 (en) * 2017-05-11 2019-11-27 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Underground diaphragm and method for creating a slit in the ground
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CN108495968B (en) 2020-07-24
FR3041025A1 (en) 2017-03-17
FR3041025B1 (en) 2017-09-29
JP2018526552A (en) 2018-09-13
DE202016008570U1 (en) 2018-06-26
US10697147B2 (en) 2020-06-30
CN108495968A (en) 2018-09-04
WO2017042500A1 (en) 2017-03-16
KR102175318B1 (en) 2020-11-06
KR20180053341A (en) 2018-05-21
JP6655171B2 (en) 2020-02-26
EP3347528A1 (en) 2018-07-18

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