EP3345028A1 - Herstellung eines faserkopplers - Google Patents
Herstellung eines faserkopplersInfo
- Publication number
- EP3345028A1 EP3345028A1 EP16769880.2A EP16769880A EP3345028A1 EP 3345028 A1 EP3345028 A1 EP 3345028A1 EP 16769880 A EP16769880 A EP 16769880A EP 3345028 A1 EP3345028 A1 EP 3345028A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- capillary
- guide body
- fiber bundle
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00663—Production of light guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
- G02B6/3834—Means for centering or aligning the light guide within the ferrule
- G02B6/3835—Means for centering or aligning the light guide within the ferrule using discs, bushings or the like
- G02B6/3837—Means for centering or aligning the light guide within the ferrule using discs, bushings or the like forwarding or threading methods of light guides into apertures of ferrule centering means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/3616—Holders, macro size fixtures for mechanically holding or positioning fibres, e.g. on an optical bench
- G02B6/3624—Fibre head, e.g. fibre probe termination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3873—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
- G02B6/3885—Multicore or multichannel optical connectors, i.e. one single ferrule containing more than one fibre, e.g. ribbon type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for producing an optical fiber coupler, comprising the following process steps:
- Fiber bundles e.g. by heating the capillary.
- Fiber couplers are known in the art. They serve to form a bundle of optical fibers, i.
- Optical waveguides such as e.g. Glass fibers or plastic fibers, mechanically combined and produce an optical connection, e.g. in that a fiber bundle of two or more fibers (input fibers) is coupled to a further optical fiber (output fiber), so that the light coming from the input fibers is coupled into the output fiber of the fiber bundle and further propagates there.
- Such fiber couplers are typically made by combining two or more fibers into a fiber bundle.
- the fiber bundle is then introduced into a capillary, ie an envelope, eg of glass.
- the capillary and the fibers of the fiber bundle enclosed by it are finally heated, whereby the capillary is collapsed onto the fiber bundle.
- the fibers in the capillary are melted under tension with the capillary, wherein the diameter of the capillary together with the fiber bundle is tapered towards its end.
- the fiber coupler produced may then be joined to another fiber (eg, by a conventional splice connection) to make the optical connection between the fibers of the fiber bundle and the other fiber.
- Such a method is known, for example, from WO 2007/045082 A1.
- the fiber coupler In order to achieve a good and even distribution of the light output on the individual fibers in the fiber coupler, it is necessary to position the individual fibers in the fiber bundle within the capillary as precisely as possible.
- the fibers should be arranged in the fiber bundle within the capillary as symmetrical as possible and evenly distributed over the cross section of the fiber bundle. This is difficult to achieve in the conventionally used fiber coupler production processes.
- FIG. 1 illustrates which arrangements of fibers 1, 2, 3 occur within the capillary 4 shown in longitudinal section when the fiber bundle according to the prior art is introduced into the capillary 4 without additional measures in the guide direction a.
- the fibers 1, 2, 3 are twisted.
- the microbending of the fibers 1, 2, 3 leads to an increase in the numerical aperture.
- the arrangement of the fibers 1, 2, 3 is changed within the capillary 4, which is disadvantageous for certain applications.
- FIG. 1B shows a crossover of the fibers 2, 3.
- the disadvantages are identical to those in the case of FIG. 1A. Since crossings of directly adjacent fibers can occur within a short distance within the capillary 4, the increase in the numerical aperture can be even more pronounced as in the twist shown in Figure 1 A.
- FIG. 1 illustrates which arrangements of fibers 1, 2, 3 occur within the capillary 4 shown in longitudinal section when the fiber bundle according to the prior art is introduced into the capillary 4 without additional measures in the guide direction a.
- FIG. 1A the fibers 1, 2, 3 are
- the capillary may, for example, have a plurality of axial channels, each of the channels being provided in each case for one fiber.
- the arrangement of the channels within the capillary thus dictates the arrangement of the fibers.
- the drawback is that the specially structured capillary requires considerable production effort. That means high costs.
- Another disadvantage is that the packing density of the fibers within the capillary is limited because the webs between the channels separate the fibers.
- the invention starting from a method of the type mentioned in that at least one of the fibers is connected end to a guide body, the diameter in the direction transverse to the longitudinal extent of the fiber is greater than the diameter of the fiber and smaller than the inner diameter of the capillary wherein the guide body is introduced with the fiber bundle in the capillary and leads the fiber in the capillary.
- the guide body connected to at least one of the fibers centers the fiber as it advances within the capillary. This prevents that the systematic and in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the fibers almost parallel arrangement of the fibers is changed during insertion of the fiber bundle into the capillary. It is prevented that the static attraction and friction between the individual fibers or between the fibers and the inner wall of the capillary cause that the predetermined arrangement of the fibers is disturbed. The twisting, crossover and eccentricity of the fibers occurring in the prior art are omitted.
- the diameter of the guide body is only slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the capillary. This means that the difference between the Inner diameter of the capillary and the diameter of the guide body should be less than the diameter of a fiber of the fiber bundle.
- a capillary according to the invention is any, e.g. cladding of the fiber bundle made of quartz glass, into which the fiber bundle is introduced during the manufacture of the fiber coupler.
- the capillary may have any symmetrical or asymmetrical cross-section. It may be a hollow cylinder, a hexagonal prism or even a hollow body with a D-shaped base or the like.
- the diameter of the guide body is at least twice as large as the diameter of the fiber. This makes it possible to center the fiber connected to the guide body within the capillary, leaving around the centered fiber sufficient clearance for further fibers of the fiber bundle.
- the guide body forms the end of the fiber bundle to be introduced into the capillary.
- the centering of the fiber connected to the guide body and thus of the fiber bundle can take place particularly effectively.
- the introduction of the fiber bundle into the capillary by pulling is particularly advantageous in order to obtain the predetermined arrangement of the fibers within the fiber bundle in the capillary.
- the guide body is spherical.
- the guide body can be produced simply by melting the fiber end of the fiber connected to the guide body. When the fiber end melts, a ball automatically forms due to the surface tension of the material. In this embodiment, the guide body is thus formed integrally with the fiber.
- the guide body may have a disk shape and thereby be oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fiber connected to the guide body. It can be a circular disk shape. Likewise, the guide body may be hexagonally shaped.
- not only one of the fibers is connected to a guide body, but two or more of the fibers are each connected to a guide body.
- several guide bodies are used.
- the size and geometry of the guide bodies may be different and chosen according to the desired arrangement of the fibers within the capillary.
- a guide body connected to a fiber lying further in the fiber bundle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the fiber bundle can have a smaller diameter than a guide body connected to a fiber located further inside the fiber bundle.
- the guide body connected to the inner fiber must be larger so that it can center this fiber within the capillary.
- the guide body which is connected to the fiber further out, is intended to guide this fiber in the space between the further inner fiber of the fiber bundle and the inner wall of the capillary, so that it must be correspondingly smaller.
- the guide body connected to the fiber lying further outward in the fiber bundle is then spaced further from the end of the fiber bundle to be introduced into the capillary than the guide body connected to the fiber located further inside the fiber bundle.
- the largest guide body should form the end of the fiber bundle so that it guides and centers the fiber bundle overall inside the capillary.
- the corresponding guide body may be arranged eccentrically, so that, for example, the fiber to the inner wall of the capillary a sufficient distance complies and at the same time is applied directly to the fiber located further inside the fiber bundle.
- two or more of the fibers are connected to the same guide body. It is even possible that all fibers of the fiber bundle are connected to only a single common guide body.
- the single guide body ensures the guidance and positioning of all fibers of the fiber bundle within the capillary.
- the fibers used in the present invention are conventional optical fibers (e.g., glass fibers) known in the art. They each have a core and a cladding that differ in refractive index.
- the guide bodies used according to the invention can be made of the same material as the fibers.
- sheath of the fibers has a protective sheath on its outer surface, it must be removed beforehand in the area to be introduced into the capillary.
- the process according to the invention can be used in cascaded form.
- This multi-fiber bundle is introduced into a further capillary and the further capillary is passed through to the multifilament bundle enclosed by the latter
- at least one of the fiber bundles may in turn be connected to a guide body whose diameter in the direction transverse to the longitudinal extent of the fiber bundle is greater than the diameter of the fiber bundle and smaller than the inner diameter of the further capillary.
- Figure 1 Possible misconfiguration of fibers within capillaries according to the prior art
- Figure 2 Introduction of a fiber bundle of several fibers in a capillary using a guide body according to the invention
- FIG. 3 Use according to the invention of FIG. 3
- Figure 5 inventive use of individual guide bodies with fiber bundles of seven fibers.
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the principle of the invention.
- the three photoconductive fibers 1, 2, 3 are first combined to form a fiber bundle.
- the fiber bundle is introduced in direction a into a capillary 4.
- the capillary 4 is collapsed onto the bundle of fibers 1, 2, 3 enclosed by the fiber bundle by heating the capillary.
- the central fiber 2 is end, ie in the figure 2 at its right end, connected to a guide body 5.
- the diameter of the guide body 5 in the direction transverse to the longitudinal extent of the fiber 2 is, as can be seen in Figure 2, larger than the diameter of the fiber 2 and slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the capillary 4.
- the diameter of the guide body 5 is smaller than the inner diameter the capillary 4.
- the gap between the inner wall of the capillary 4 and the radially outer surface of the guide body 5 is narrower than the diameter one of the fibers 1, 2, 3. This prevents one of the fibers 1, 2, 3 passes into the gap between the guide body 5 and capillary 4.
- a traction means 6 is arranged, by means of which the fiber bundle is drawn in the direction of arrow into the capillary 4.
- the traction means 6 is optional.
- the insertion of the fiber bundle with guide body 5 according to the invention is also without traction means 6 by pushing, that is possible in a conventional manner.
- the geometric dimensions of the capillary 4 and the guide body 5 are determined by the diameter and the number of fibers 1, 2, 3.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to realize fiber optic couplers for both singlemode and multimode fibers and their respective applications, eg as pump couplers with or without signal feedthrough, with low optical losses.
- only the central fiber 2 is connected to the guide body 5.
- passive self-patterning results within the fiber bundle.
- most fibers of the fiber bundle are initially freely movable.
- the arrangement of the fibers 1, 2, 3 is maintained because the fibers 1, 3 not connected to the guide body 5 are denied alternative directions of movement.
- the shape and geometrical dimensions of the guide body 5, the capillary 4 and the fibers 1, 2, 3 should be chosen according to the desired design of the optical fiber coupler. Examples of this are shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows on the left a longitudinal section and on the right a cross section through the capillary 4 with a fiber bundle located therein.
- the fiber bundle comprises 7 fibers with a centrally located fiber and six fibers arranged hexagonally around the central fiber.
- the guide body 5 is spherical. This ball shape (also called "ball lens") is particularly easy to produce with commercial splicing equipment, which minimizes manufacturing costs and costs By heating the end of the central fiber, its material melts and forms a sphere due to surface tension.
- the guide body 5 has a Circular disc shape.
- the guide body 5 has a hexagonal cross-section.
- the fiber bundle comprises a total of nineteen fibers.
- the guide body 5 is spherical and connected to the central fiber.
- the three guide bodies 5 ' are each connected to a further fiber in the fiber bundle.
- the guide body 5 ' have a D-shaped cross-section. In this case, the guide body 5 'has a smaller diameter than the guide body 5.
- the guide body 5' are further spaced from the introduced into the capillary 4 end of the fiber bundle as the guide body 5; In FIG. 4 it can be seen that the guide bodies 5 'are arranged eccentrically on the respective fibers.
- the corresponding fibers are guided on the inside of the central fiber and on the outside of the inner wall of the capillary 4.
- the outermost fibers of the fiber bundle are not connected in the embodiment with guide bodies.
- the fiber bundle again comprises seven fibers. All fibers are connected to the guide bodies 5.
- a pulling means 6 is provided in order to pull the fiber bundle through the respective capillary 4.
- the traction means 6 may for example also be a fiber which is firmly connected to the respective guide body 5.
- the method for producing the optical fiber coupler illustrated in FIG. 5 requires that the individual fibers be positioned on the guide body 5 and fixed there prior to insertion into the respective capillary 4. This can be done by any known in the field of fiber technology type of connection, for example by splicing, gluing, bonding or soldering.
- the guide body 5 has a circular disk shape.
- the guide body 5 has a hexagonal cross section.
- the last step of the production of the fiber coupler namely the Aufkollabieren the capillary 4 on the fiber bundle enclosed by this.
- the fibers of the in the Capillary 4 introduced fiber bundle merged under tension with the capillary 4, wherein the diameter of the capillary 4 together with the fiber bundle is tapered towards the end.
- the tapered end may be adapted in diameter to the fiber to be connected to the fiber bundle.
- the process according to the invention as illustrated in FIGS. 2-5, has a number of advantages.
- the performance of fiber optic couplers can be increased because losses due to microbending of the fibers as well as excessive numerical aperture are minimized.
- the inventive method makes it possible to selectively obtain a certain transverse arrangement and symmetry of the fibers. This makes it possible to localize the transversal light modes, which is decisive, for example, in fiber-optic couplers with signal feedthrough or in so-called photonic lanterns ("photonic lanterns")
- the fiber coupler produced according to the invention can be used as a geometric beam combination unit, for example superimposing a plurality of singlemode or Fewmode beams of a fiber laser in a multimode or a Fewmode fiber
- the output radiation in this case does not have singlemode quality, but the numerical aperture of the
- birefringent structures can be positioned precisely at defined locations within the optical fiber coupler produced according to the invention seranowski and by avoiding twists and bends of the fibers unnecessary division of the numerical aperture is reduced. This preserves the beam quality.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015114505 | 2015-08-31 | ||
| DE102015118010.3A DE102015118010A1 (de) | 2015-08-31 | 2015-10-22 | Herstellung eines Faserkopplers |
| PCT/EP2016/070518 WO2017037115A1 (de) | 2015-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Herstellung eines faserkopplers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3345028A1 true EP3345028A1 (de) | 2018-07-11 |
Family
ID=58010667
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16769880.2A Withdrawn EP3345028A1 (de) | 2015-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Herstellung eines faserkopplers |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11267210B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3345028A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6835827B2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102015118010A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2017037115A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019126744B3 (de) * | 2019-10-04 | 2020-12-03 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Lichtleiteranordnung, Lichteinrichtung mit einer entsprechend hergestellten Lichtleiteranordnung und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer derartigen Lichteinrichtung |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6024505A (ja) * | 1983-07-21 | 1985-02-07 | Hitachi Ltd | 光スタ−カプラおよびその製造方法 |
| DE3405803A1 (de) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-22 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Hilfsanordnung fuer ein optoelektronisches modulgehaeuse |
| JPS60233604A (ja) * | 1984-05-07 | 1985-11-20 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | ジヤケツト管内光フアイバ配列方法 |
| JPS63271205A (ja) * | 1987-04-28 | 1988-11-09 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 内視鏡用光学繊維束とその插入方法 |
| US4979972A (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1990-12-25 | Corning Incorporated | Method of making fiber optic couplers |
| US5339372A (en) * | 1993-06-09 | 1994-08-16 | Corning Incorporated | Low loss coupler |
| CA2184220A1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-03-30 | Joel Patrick Carberry | Method and apparatus for micropositioning optical fibers |
| US6744944B2 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2004-06-01 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Optical coupling module having a first and second ferrules |
| CA2523930A1 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2007-04-19 | Itf Technologies Optiques Inc./Itf Optical Technologies Inc. | Method of making fiber optic couplers with precise positioning of fibers |
| JP5128913B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-16 | 2013-01-23 | 三菱電線工業株式会社 | 光コンバイナの製造方法 |
| US10948656B2 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2021-03-16 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Fiber-based mid-IR signal combiner and method of making same |
| JP6034284B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-09 | 2016-11-30 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | バンドル構造の製造方法、ファイバ接続構造の製造方法、ファイバの接続方法、ファイバの接続構造 |
| EP2690395A1 (de) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-29 | Hexagon Technology Center GmbH | Interferometrische Entfernungsmessanordnung und ebensolches Verfahren |
| JP5945733B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-07-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | コンバイナ及びその製造方法 |
-
2015
- 2015-10-22 DE DE102015118010.3A patent/DE102015118010A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-08-31 US US15/755,876 patent/US11267210B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-08-31 WO PCT/EP2016/070518 patent/WO2017037115A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2016-08-31 JP JP2018511223A patent/JP6835827B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-08-31 EP EP16769880.2A patent/EP3345028A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2018531406A (ja) | 2018-10-25 |
| WO2017037115A1 (de) | 2017-03-09 |
| JP6835827B2 (ja) | 2021-02-24 |
| DE102015118010A1 (de) | 2017-03-02 |
| US20180244004A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
| US11267210B2 (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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Inventor name: SCHREIBER, THOMAS Inventor name: PLOETNER, MARCO Inventor name: DE VRIES, OLIVER |
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