EP3341979A1 - Feuchtigkeitsbeständige schutzschicht - Google Patents
Feuchtigkeitsbeständige schutzschichtInfo
- Publication number
- EP3341979A1 EP3341979A1 EP16757642.0A EP16757642A EP3341979A1 EP 3341979 A1 EP3341979 A1 EP 3341979A1 EP 16757642 A EP16757642 A EP 16757642A EP 3341979 A1 EP3341979 A1 EP 3341979A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protective layer
- piezoceramic
- particles
- actuator
- moisture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/88—Mounts; Supports; Enclosures; Casings
- H10N30/883—Additional insulation means preventing electrical, physical or chemical damage, e.g. protective coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/02—Forming enclosures or casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/20—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
- H10N30/206—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators using only longitudinal or thickness displacement, e.g. d33 or d31 type devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/50—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices having a stacked or multilayer structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/853—Ceramic compositions
- H10N30/8548—Lead-based oxides
- H10N30/8554—Lead-zirconium titanate [PZT] based
Definitions
- Piezoceramic multilayer actuators consist of stacked thin layers of piezoelectrically active material (2), z.
- PZT lead zirconate titanate
- the outer electrodes (3), (4) connect the inner electrodes, whereby the inner electrodes are electrically connected in parallel and combined into two groups, which represent the two terminal poles of the actuator. Applying an electrical voltage to the terminal poles, this is transmitted in parallel to all internal electrodes and causes an electric field in all layers of active material, thereby mechanically deformed. The sum of all these mechanical deformations is available at the end faces of the actuator as usable strain (6) and / or force.
- Such a layer structure is usually produced by the cofiring method.
- the active material is provided before sintering as a so-called green film by a screen printing by means of noble metal paste with internal electrodes, pressed into actuator stacks, pyrolysed and then sintered, whereby the monolithic actuator is formed.
- the surfaces of the actuator body are then processed by a molding process, generally by grinding.
- This base metallization is by the application of a metallic material (4), z. B. by soldering a wire mesh reinforced. At this reinforced layer of the electrical connection wire (5) is soldered.
- the structure and production of such actuators and external electrodes is z.
- Piezoceramic actuators therefore react very sensitively to ambient humidity for the reasons stated, and can only be operated in pulsed mode during humid environments, so that the moisture can be desorbed again in the pulse pauses, or operated at a sufficiently high frequency.
- Actuators are always coated with an insulating layer to prevent electrical flashovers on the actuator surface. These coatings are mostly unfilled or filled polymers and are good to very well permeable to water vapor. There is no known polymeric coating that could solve the leakage problem. Previous possibilities to counteract the problem have not achieved satisfactory results.
- the inner electrodes can be slightly withdrawn into the interior of the actuator, so that a closed ceramic layer is formed on the actuator surface (buried electrodes, eg US2008048528). However, due to manufacturing tolerances, the closed ceramic layer must be at least about 0.2 mm thick. In operation, it is passively stretched and inevitably cracks, thereby losing its protective effect.
- actuator sections can be made with buried electrodes having a height of only about 2 mm. Since not enough mechanical tension can build up in such a short section during operation of the actuator, the sections theoretically do not crack (eg JP 8-236828). However, the freedom from cracking is only guaranteed theoretically (statistically). Examining such actuators, one finds quite a high proportion of actuators are still sensitive to moisture.
- an unsintered piezoceramic film onto the actuator surface and then sinter it (for example DE10021919).
- a layer of piezoceramic paste e.g. Apply by stencil printing and sinter. In both cases there is also a statistical risk of crack formation in the coating due to the operation of the actuator.
- a layer produced on the actuator surface by means of an air-flow deposition method is used as a protective layer against moisture (FIG. 2).
- the protective layer is preferably a ceramic layer, wherein the ceramic may preferably be selected from piezoceramic, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, or titanium oxide or other inorganic substances.
- the ceramic may preferably be selected from piezoceramic, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, or titanium oxide or other inorganic substances.
- RTIC Room Temperature Impact Consolidation
- the protective layer therefore basically consists of (broken and interconnected) particles.
- This particle layer can be annealed after application, in particular at temperatures ⁇ 800 ° C., preferably ⁇ 600 ° C., more preferably 300 ° C.
- the layer thicknesses of the layers thus produced can be in the range between 1 and 100 ⁇ m, with the range of 5 to 30 ⁇ m being particularly preferred.
- ADM-generated layers are very dense (relative density> 95% preferably> 98%), non-porous and do not contain any "grain boundaries" as they are produced by sintering processes Electrochemical conductivities such as occur in a sintered ceramic do not occur high density with sufficient protective effect be very thin and thus remain free of cracks during operation of the actuator.
- the moisture-protecting protective layer of the piezoceramic multilayer actuator consists according to a preferred embodiment of particles, preferably ceramic particles
- the protective layer of ceramic particles is preferably applied at temperatures ⁇ 600 ° C., preferably ⁇ 300 ° C., and at temperatures ⁇ 800 ° C., preferably ⁇ 600 ° C., particularly preferably after-treatment at 300 ° C.
- the protective layer of ceramic particles is applied by means of air-flow separation method, particularly preferably by means of aerosol deposition.
- the protective layer of ceramic particles surrounds the entire actuator with the exception of the end sides, wherein only protective layer-free locations for soldering the leads are kept open. In a further preferred embodiment, the protective layer of ceramic particles covers only the side surfaces of the actuator, which do not carry outer electrode layer. In a further preferred embodiment, the protective layer of ceramic particles does not conduct the electric current.
- the protective layer of ceramic particles does not undergo chemical reactions with water vapor.
- the protective layer consists of piezoceramic particles, aluminum oxide particles, zirconium oxide particles or titanium oxide particles.
- the protective layer has a layer thickness of 5-100 ⁇ , particularly preferably the range of 10-30 ⁇ on.
- the invention also encompasses a method for producing a piezoceramic multilayer actuator wherein the moisture-protecting protective layer is applied by means of an air-flow separation method, particularly preferably by means of aerosol deposition.
- the ceramic bodies for monolithic, piezoceramic multilayer actuators with dimensions of 7 ⁇ 7 ⁇ 30 mm 3 were produced and provided with outer electrode strips.
- Comparative Example 1 The actuators were washed with a nonaqueous medium, dried and coated with a conformal coating for isolation.
- Example 3 The actuators were washed with demineralised water, dried, and coated with a silicone coating (conformal coating) for insulation.
- Example 3 The actuators were coated with an ADM layer of piezoceramic. (SP505, layer thickness 10 ⁇ )
- the actuators were coated with an ADM layer of piezoceramic. (SP505, layer thickness 30 ⁇ )
- the actuators were coated with an ADM layer of piezoceramic (SP53, layer thickness 20 ⁇ ).
- the actuators manufactured according to the above procedure were connected to a voltage of 200 V (normal operating voltage) and the current was measured.
- the actuators were exposed to a temperature of 25 ° C and a humidity of 30% RH.
- the current first decreases rapidly (charge and polarization processes), reaches a minimum (Imin) and then increases rapidly (moisture ingress into the actuator).
- Imin a minimum
- moisture ingress into the actuator As a measure of the moisture resistance is the time until the current exceeds the value of 1 ⁇ for the first time (ta).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015216317 | 2015-08-26 | ||
| DE102015216516 | 2015-08-28 | ||
| DE102015219796 | 2015-10-13 | ||
| DE102015223685 | 2015-11-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2016/070163 WO2017032868A1 (de) | 2015-08-26 | 2016-08-26 | Feuchtigkeitsbeständige schutzschicht |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3341979A1 true EP3341979A1 (de) | 2018-07-04 |
Family
ID=56802493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16757642.0A Withdrawn EP3341979A1 (de) | 2015-08-26 | 2016-08-26 | Feuchtigkeitsbeständige schutzschicht |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20180269375A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3341979A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2018526823A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN107924988A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102016216065A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2017032868A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019206018B4 (de) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-08-25 | Pi Ceramic Gmbh | Elektromechanischer Aktor mit keramischer Isolierung, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie Verfahren zur Ansteuerung eines solchen Aktors |
| WO2025180984A1 (de) | 2024-02-29 | 2025-09-04 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Haptikvorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3330538A1 (de) | 1983-08-24 | 1985-03-14 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Piezoelektrisches stellglied |
| US4803763A (en) | 1986-08-28 | 1989-02-14 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Method of making a laminated piezoelectric transducer |
| US5281885A (en) | 1989-11-14 | 1994-01-25 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | High-temperature stacked-type displacement device |
| US5092360A (en) | 1989-11-14 | 1992-03-03 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Flow rated control valve using a high-temperature stacked-type displacement device |
| US5406164A (en) | 1993-06-10 | 1995-04-11 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Multilayer piezoelectric element |
| JPH07226541A (ja) | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-22 | Brother Ind Ltd | 積層型圧電素子 |
| JP3239670B2 (ja) | 1995-02-27 | 2001-12-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 積層圧電体 |
| DE10021919C2 (de) * | 2000-02-04 | 2002-03-07 | Pi Ceramic Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung monolithischer piezokeramischer Vielschichtaktoren sowie monolithischer piezokeramischer Vielschichtaktor |
| DE102004031596A1 (de) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-02-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Piezoaktor |
| JP2009178982A (ja) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-13 | Brother Ind Ltd | 圧電アクチュエータの製造方法及び液体移送装置の製造方法 |
| DE102011081279A1 (de) * | 2011-08-19 | 2013-02-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur elektrischen Passivierung elektromechanischer Bauelemente |
| WO2013031727A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-07 | 京セラ株式会社 | 積層型圧電素子およびこれを備えた圧電アクチュエータ、噴射装置ならびに燃料噴射システム |
| WO2013104710A1 (de) | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-18 | Ceramtec Gmbh | Aktormodul mit einem in einem gehäuse angeordneten vielschichtaktor und konstant extrem niedrigen leckstrom an der aktoroberfläche |
-
2016
- 2016-08-26 CN CN201680048796.5A patent/CN107924988A/zh active Pending
- 2016-08-26 US US15/755,178 patent/US20180269375A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-08-26 JP JP2018509916A patent/JP2018526823A/ja active Pending
- 2016-08-26 WO PCT/EP2016/070163 patent/WO2017032868A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2016-08-26 DE DE102016216065.6A patent/DE102016216065A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-08-26 EP EP16757642.0A patent/EP3341979A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107924988A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
| JP2018526823A (ja) | 2018-09-13 |
| DE102016216065A1 (de) | 2017-03-02 |
| WO2017032868A1 (de) | 2017-03-02 |
| US20180269375A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20180326 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SCHREINER, HANS-JUERGEN Inventor name: BINDIG, REINER Inventor name: MOOS, RALF Inventor name: SCHUBERT, MICHAEL Inventor name: EINHELLINGER-MUELLER, TANJA Inventor name: SCHMIDT, TOBIAS |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20181020 |