EP3339734B1 - Small-scale furnace and vibration element for a small-scale furnace - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a small fire system, comprising a combustion chamber, a grate arranged or formed in the bottom area of the combustion chamber, a vibrating element which forms part of a vibrating device and is movably mounted relative to the grate, the vibrating element having a particularly roof-like or roof-shaped vibrating element base body with a comprises the upper edge pointing in the direction of the combustion chamber and side flanks protruding at an angle therefrom.

Small fire systems are known from the prior art in a large number of embodiments. Small fire systems can implement a so-called chute firing, according to which, e.g. B. pellet-like or - shaped, solid fuels of a combustion chamber, optionally by means of a solid fuel delivery device, are supplied from a fuel supply. It was found that solid fuels can accumulate on the grate to such an extent that a sufficient air supply is not always guaranteed when the small fire system is in operation, which can result in increased emissions and increased solid fuel consumption.

A comparatively improved small fire system is in DE 10 2013 011 591 A1 disclosed. The small fire system described there comprises a vibrating element which is movably mounted above the grate in the manner of a vibrating dome and which, in particular due to its geometrical-structural design, reduces an undesired accumulation of solid fuel when the small fire system is being charged.

Investigations showed that in a small fire installation DE 10 2013 011 591 A1 Occasionally an undesirable accumulation of solid fuel on the vibrating element can occur, which can impair the air supply required for the operation of the small fire system.

US 2008/0156237 A1 discloses a small fire installation in the form of an incinerator with side panels arranged between two side walls and a central element arranged rotatably.

US 2007/209562 A1 discloses a burner for a small fire system with a housing with a central element rotatably mounted therein.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a small fire system which is improved in comparison, in particular with regard to ensuring a sufficient supply of air in its operation.

The object is achieved by a small fire installation according to claim 1. The dependent claims relate to possible embodiments of the small fire system.

In the small fire system described here it can be, for. B. a long-life, fireplace or pellet stove. Regardless of its specific design, the small fire system comprises a combustion chamber, a grate and a vibrating element forming part of a vibrating device as essential components.

The grate is in a lower area of the combustion chamber, i.e. H. in particular in a bottom region of the combustion chamber, arranged or formed and typically comprises a number of the flow medium through which the flow medium can flow, i. H. the air supply serving, openings in which there are z. B. can be holes or slots.

The vibrating element is typically arranged above or inside the grate. The vibrating element is mounted movably in at least one movement axis relative to the grate, in particular in the manner of a vibrating dome. As can be seen below, the vibrating element is in particular movably, in particular displaceably, mounted in a longitudinal axis defined by a shaft element on which the vibrating element is arranged or formed; the longitudinal axis of the shaft element can correspond to the movement axis of the vibrating element.

The vibrating element comprises a, in particular cross-sectionally (essentially) roof-like or roof-shaped, vibrating element base body. The vibrating element base body comprises an upper edge, in particular strip-like or -shaped, pointing in the direction of the combustion chamber and two side flanks or side surfaces protruding at an angle therefrom. The side flanks can be straight or curved or arched. The roof-like or roof-shaped (cross-sectional) shape of the basic vibrating element body results from the arrangement and alignment of the side flanks protruding from the upper edge relative to the upper edge. At least one, in particular claw-like or tooth-like, projection can be arranged or formed on at least one side flank, in particular in the region of the free end. The respective projections can extend into the transition area between the side walls and a bottom wall of a grate base body, in particular a channel, bowl or trough-like, and can be oriented in the direction of the bottom of the small fire system. The respective projections serve in particular to drive solid fuel residues through openings in the grate when the vibrating element moves, so that the grate is freed from solid fuel residues at least in sections when the vibrating element is moved.

The basic vibrating element body comprises at least one, in particular several, flow element (s). A corresponding flow element has an, in particular elongate, tubular or -shaped geometrical-structural shape or basic shape, i. H. generally a hollow-cylindrical, geometrically-constructive shape or basic shape. A corresponding flow element thus delimits at least one of a flow medium, d. H. in particular air, through which the flow channel can flow or through which the small fire system is in operation. Typically, several flow elements are provided; Dimensions, number and arrangement of respective flow elements can be customized, e.g. B. with regard to the heating capacity of the small fire system, be set.

A corresponding flow element is used, even in the event of an undesirable accumulation of solid fuel, which is such. B. can be wood chips, pellets or the like, on the vibrating element, ie the side of the vibrating element facing the combustion chamber, one for the Operation of the small fire system required to ensure sufficient air supply into the combustion chamber. In other words, a corresponding flow element ensures a sufficient air supply into the combustion chamber required for the operation of the small fire system even in the event of an undesirable accumulation of solid fuel on the vibrating element, ie the side of the vibrating element facing the combustion chamber. This is due to the fact that even in the case of a corresponding accumulation of solid fuel on the vibrating element, which can lead to a covering of flow openings formed on the vibrating element base body, at least via the flow elements, i.e. the flow channels limited on the flow element side, an air supply sufficient for the operation of the small fire system into the combustion chamber is possible. The flow elements are typically dimensioned geometrically, in particular their length, in such a way that they are exposed at least in sections, ie in particular in the area of their free ends facing the combustion chamber, even if solid fuel accumulates on the vibrating element.

From the above paragraph it follows that the vibrating element base body with flow openings through which a flow medium can flow. B. to holes, slots, etc. act, can be formed. Respective flow channels delimited on the flow element side typically communicate with respective flow openings formed on the vibrating element base body side. Typically, each flow channel delimited on the flow element side is assigned to a specific flow opening formed on the vibrating element base body side; a corresponding flow channel delimited on the flow element side represents an extension of a flow opening formed on the vibrating element base body side. Therefore, respective flow element-side restricted flow channels or respective flow elements are typically arranged or formed above a flow opening formed on the vibrating element base body side.

A corresponding flow element is typically arranged on the side of the vibrating element base body facing the combustion chamber or formed, wherein the flow channel delimited on the flow element side is aligned at least in sections, in particular in the vertical direction, extending in the direction of the combustion chamber.

At least one flow element can be arranged or formed on the upper edge of the vibrating element base body. This arrangement is advantageous when the flow element is arranged or formed at the "highest point" of the vibrating element, so that it is hardly possible (with the corresponding dimensions of the flow element) that the free end of the flow element facing the combustion chamber is covered with solid fuel. Alternatively or in addition, it is conceivable that at least one flow element is arranged or formed on at least one side flank of the basic body of the vibrating element. The respective flow elements arranged or formed on the side flanks of the vibrating element base body can be selected in their longitudinal dimensions such that their free ends facing the combustion chamber end (clearly) above the upper edge of the vibrating element base body. It follows from this that the vibrating element can comprise flow elements of different design from a geometrical-constructive point of view.

At this point it should be mentioned that, regardless of the specific arrangement of the respective flow elements, respective flow channels delimited on the flow element side can comprise several flow channel sections communicating with one another. Individual, several or all flow channel sections can be aligned differently. Typically, at least one flow channel section is oriented at least in sections, in particular in a vertical direction, in the direction of the combustion chamber.

A respective flow element or the walls of the flow element delimiting the flow channel delimited on the flow element side can have a surface structuring and / or cross-sectional geometry influencing the flow properties of the flow medium through the flow channel delimited in each case on the flow element side be trained. The cross-sectional geometry or area of the flow channel can therefore, for. B. with a laminar flow of the flow fluid through the flow channel allow surface structuring or be provided with a cross-sectional reduction influencing the flow rate. Accordingly, specific flow channels can be designed specifically to generate flow profiles that can have a positive effect on the operation of the small fire system.

The walls of a respective flow element which delimit the flow channels delimited on the flow element side can at least in sections be provided with a dirt-repellent coating, e.g. B. a high-temperature-resistant plastic coating, in particular a fluorocarbon coating, or a surface structure to reduce unwanted contamination of the flow channels.

A respective flow element can be arranged or formed on the vibrating element base body in a non-detachable manner (free of damage or non-destructive) or detachable (free of damage or non-destructive). A non-detachable arrangement can be implemented, for example, via a one-piece design of the vibrating element base body and the respective flow elements. A detachable arrangement can be implemented, for example, by a screw or plug connection, according to which a corresponding flow element is plugged or screwed onto the vibrating element base body. Of course, there are corresponding mechanical interfaces on both the vibrating element main body side and the flow element side. H. z. B. threaded sections are provided, which allow a plug or screw connection. A detachable arrangement or training can therefore be advantageous as flow elements such. B. in the case of service or repair work, can be exchanged or, if necessary, even retrofitted.

As mentioned, the vibrating element base body can be arranged or formed on or on at least one shaft element defining a longitudinal axis, ie generally be coupled to a shaft element defining a longitudinal axis, wherein, if a plurality of flow elements are present, the flow elements are arranged or formed in an adjacent arrangement in or parallel to the longitudinal axis defined by the shaft element. The shaft element forms a further part of the vibrating device and is typically coupled to a manual or motorized drive or actuating device, via which the shaft element can be set in motion together with the vibrating element base body arranged or formed thereon. The longitudinal axis of the shaft element typically corresponds to the movement axis of the shaft element or of the vibrating element. In the case of a manual drive or actuating device, it can be, for. B. be a handle or lever element mounted accessible from outside the small fire system, via whose actuation an operator can induce movements of the shaft element or the vibrating element relative to the grate. The handle or lever element can be rotatably coupled to the shaft element via a z. B. rod-like, connecting element rotatably coupled to the shaft element. The non-rotatable coupling of the connecting element to the shaft element can be via a shaft element-side, z. B. socket-like or -shaped coupling interface can be realized.

The grate can comprise a gutter, bowl or trough-like or a gutter, bowl or trough-shaped grate base body, the vibrating element being arranged at least in sections, in particular completely, within the grate base body. The grate base body can have an elongated geometric shape or basic shape defining a longitudinal axis, the vibrating element being mounted so as to be movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis relative to the grate base body. The longitudinal axis of the grate base body can coincide with the longitudinal axis of the shaft element to which the vibrating element base body is connected. As mentioned, the longitudinal axis of the shaft element typically corresponds to the movement axis of the vibrating element.

In addition to the small fire system, the invention relates to a vibrating element for a like described small fire system. The vibrating element comprises a, in particular roof-shaped or roof-shaped, vibrating element base body with an upper edge and side flanks or surfaces protruding at an angle therefrom, the vibrating element base body including at least one tubular or tubular flow element delimiting a flow channel through which a flow medium can flow. All statements in connection with the small fire system apply analogously to the vibrating element.

Fig. 1

eine Prinzipdarstellung eines Ausschnitts einer Kleinfeueranlage gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel;

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Rüttelelements gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel; und

Fig. 3, 4

jeweils eine geschnittene Darstellung des in Fig. 2 gezeigten Rüttelelements.

The invention is explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments in the drawing figures. It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic diagram of a section of a small fire system according to an embodiment;

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a vibrating element according to an embodiment; and

Fig. 3, 4

each a cut representation of the in Fig. 2 shown vibrating element.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a section of a small fire installation 1 according to an embodiment. In the small fire system 1 it can be, for. B. a long-life, fireplace or pellet stove.

The in Fig. 1 The section shown shows a section of a combustion chamber 2 of the small fire system 1. The combustion chamber 2 is connected to a fuel supply (not shown) via a feed device 3, which is designed here as a slide or in the manner of such a slide. The feed device 3 is set up to feed solid fuel, that is to say for example pellets, wood chips, etc., from the fuel supply into the combustion chamber 2.

Fig. 1 FIG. 12 also shows a grate 4 arranged in a lower area (bottom area) of the combustion chamber 2. The grate 4 is shown in FIG Fig. 1 for better illustration shown in a broken view. The grate 4 or a trough-like or shell-like or trough-like grate base body 5 forming the grate 4 comprises a number of openings 6 through which a flow medium, ie in particular air, can flow, ie which serve to supply air. B. can be holes or slots. Below the grate 4 is a typically shell-like collecting device 7, which is set up to collect combustion waste, ie in particular ash.

A vibrating element 8, which forms part of a vibrating device, is arranged within the interior of the grate base body (not designated in more detail), which is delimited by the walls defining the geometrical-structural shape of the grate 4 or the grate base body 5. The grate base body 5 has an elongated geometric shape or basic shape defining a longitudinal axis.

The vibrating element 8 is mounted so as to be movable relative to the grate 4, in particular in the manner of a vibrating dome, in a movement axis indicated by the arrow P1. It can be seen that the vibrating element can be moved in a longitudinal axis (not designated in more detail) defined by a shaft element 9 on which the vibrating element 8 is arranged or formed, ie. H. movable, stored; the longitudinal axis of the shaft element 9 thus corresponds to the movement axis of the vibrating element 8. The longitudinal axis of the shaft element 9 can coincide with the longitudinal axis of the grate base body 5.

Based on the in the Figs. 2-4 The view of the vibrating element 8 shown, the vibrating element 8 in FIG Fig. 2 in a perspective view, in Fig. 3 in a longitudinal section and in Fig. 4 is shown in a cross-sectional view, it can be seen that the vibrating element 8 comprises a cross-sectionally (essentially) roof-like or roof-shaped vibrating element base body 10.

The vibrating element base body 10 is coupled to the shaft element 9, ie arranged on or on the shaft element 9. The shaft element 9 forms a further part of the vibrating device and is coupled to a manual or motorized drive or actuating device (not shown) via which the shaft element 9 together with the vibrating element base body 10 can be set in motion. The longitudinal axis of the shaft element 9 corresponds, as mentioned, to the movement axis of the shaft element 9 or of the vibrating element 10. In the manual drive or actuation device, it can be, for. B. a handle or lever element (not shown) mounted accessible from outside the small fire system 1, via the actuation of which an operator can induce movements of the shaft element 9 or of the vibrating element 8 relative to the grate 4. The handle or lever element is rotatably coupled to the shaft element 9 via a z. B. rod-like, connecting element 17 rotatably coupled to the shaft element 9. The non-rotatable coupling of the connecting element 17 to the shaft element 9 is via a shaft element-side, here socket-like or -shaped coupling interface 18, cf. Fig. 3 , realized.

The vibrating element base body 10 comprises a particularly strip-like or strip-shaped upper edge 11 pointing in the direction of the combustion chamber 2 and two side flanks 12a, 12b or side surfaces protruding at an angle therefrom. The roof-like or roof-shaped (cross-sectional) shape of the vibrating element base body 10 results from the arrangement and alignment of the side flanks 12a protruding from the top edge 11 relative to the top edge 11. On the side flanks 12a, 12b, claw or Tooth-like projections 13 are formed which extend into the transition area between the side walls and the bottom wall of the grate base body 5 and are aligned in the direction of the bottom of the small fire system 1. The projections 13 serve in particular to drive solid fuel residues through the flow openings 6 of the grate when the vibrating element 8 moves, so that the grate 4 is freed from solid fuel residues when the vibrating element 8 is moved.

In particular, based on the Figs. 1-3 it can be seen that the vibrating element base body 15 has a plurality of flow openings 16 through which the flow medium can flow; B. to holes, slots, etc. is formed. The flow openings 16 are both in the area of the upper edge 11 and in the area of the side flanks 12a, 12b educated.

The vibrating element base body 10 comprises several flow elements 14. In the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, the flow elements 14 are arranged on the side of the vibrating element base body 10 facing the combustion chamber 2. Specifically, the flow elements 14 are arranged on the side of the upper edge 11 facing the combustion chamber 2. In principle, a corresponding arrangement of flow elements 14 on at least one side flank 12a, 12b would also be conceivable.

A respective flow element 14 has a tubular or tubular geometrical-structural shape or basic shape. A respective flow element 14 thus delimits one of a flow medium, d. H. in particular air, through which the flow channel 15 can flow or through which the small fire system 1 is in operation.

The flow elements 14 ensure even in the event of an undesired accumulation of solid fuel on the vibrating element 8, i. H. the side of the vibrating element 8 facing the combustion chamber 2, a sufficient supply of air into the combustion chamber 2 required for the operation of the small fire system 1 Flow openings 16 can lead, at least via the flow elements 14, d. H. the flow channels 15 delimited on the flow element side, a sufficient air supply for the operation of the small fire system 1 into the combustion chamber 2 is possible. The flow elements 14, in particular their length, are geometrically and constructively dimensioned in such a way that they are at least in sections even if solid fuel accumulates on the vibrating element 8, i. H. in particular in the area of their free ends facing the combustion chamber 2 are exposed. The length of a respective flow element 14 can, for. B. between 1 and 10 cm, in particular between 2 and 7 cm.

Respective flow channels 15 or respective ones limited on the flow element side Flow elements 14 are each arranged above a flow opening 16 formed on the basic body side of the vibrating element. Based on Fig. 3 It can be seen that respective flow channels 15 delimited on the flow element side communicate with flow openings 16 formed on the respective vibrating element base body side. Each flow channel 15 delimited on the flow element side is assigned to a specific flow opening 16 formed on the vibrating element base body side; a respective flow channel 15 delimited on the flow element side thus represents an extension of a flow opening 16 formed on the vibrating element base body side.

The described arrangement of the flow elements 14 on the side of the upper edge 2 of the vibrating element base body 10 facing the combustion chamber 2 is advantageous as the flow elements 14 are arranged at the "highest point" of the vibrating element 10, so that it is hardly possible for the combustion chamber 2 to be free To cover the end of the flow elements 14 with solid fuel.

The flow elements 14 can be arranged on the vibrating element base body 10 in a non-detachable manner (without damage or destruction) or detachably (without damage or destruction). A non-detachable arrangement can be implemented via a one-piece design of the vibrating element base body 10 and the flow elements 14. A detachable arrangement can be implemented by a screw or plug connection, according to which the flow elements are plugged or screwed onto the vibrating element base body 10. Of course, there are corresponding mechanical interfaces (not shown) on both the vibrating element base body side and the flow element side, i.e. H. z. B. threaded sections are provided, which allow a plug or screw connection.

In connection with the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, it should generally be mentioned that, regardless of the specific arrangement of the respective flow elements 14, the respective flow element-side limited flow channels 15 communicating with one another Can include flow channel sections (not specified). Individual, several or all flow channel sections can be aligned differently. Typically, at least one flow channel section is oriented at least in sections, in particular in the vertical direction, in the direction of the combustion chamber 2.

In connection with the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, it should also be mentioned in general that the flow elements 14, i. H. the walls of the flow elements 14 delimiting the flow channels can be designed with a surface structure and / or cross-sectional geometry influencing the flow properties of the flow medium by the flow channels 15 delimited in each case on the flow element side. The cross-sectional geometry or area of the flow channels can therefore z. B. be provided with a laminar flow of the flow fluid with a surface structuring or with a flow rate influencing cross-sectional reduction.

Finally, in connection with the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, it should generally be mentioned that the walls of the flow elements 14 delimiting the flow channels 15 on the flow element side can be provided, at least in sections, with a dirt-repellent coating or a surface structure in order to prevent undesired contamination of the flow channels 15 to reduce.

Claims (12)

1. Small fire system (1) comprising a combustion chamber (2), a grille arranged in the lower area of the combustion chamber (2), a vibration element (8) forming part of a vibration unit, arranged movably relative to the grille (4), wherein the vibration element (8) comprises a vibration element base body (10), embodied in particular roof-like or roof-shaped with an upper edge (11) pointing in the direction of the combustion chamber (2) and side flanks (12a,12b) protruding at an angle from it, characterised in that at least one tube-like or tube-shaped flow element (14) is arranged or embodied on the vibration base element (10) limiting the flow channel (15) through which a frictionless medium (14) can pass.
2. Small fire system (1) characterised in that the flow channel (15) of the at least one flow element (14), which is limited by the flow element, communicates with a flow opening (16), embodied in the vibration element base body (10), through which the frictionless medium can pass.
3. Small fire system according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one flow element (14) being arranged or embodied on the side of the vibration element base body (10) facing the combustion chamber (2), wherein the flow channel (15), being limited on the side of the flow element, is arranged at least sectionally extending, in particular in vertical direction, towards the combustion chamber (2).
4. Small fire system (3) characterised in that the at least one flow element (14) is arranged or embodied on the upper edge of the vibration element base body (10) and/or the at least one flow element (14) is arranged or embodied on at least one side flank (12a, 12b) of the vibration element base body (10).
5. Small fire system according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the vibration base body (10) is connected with a wave element (9) defining a longitudinal axis, in particular arranged or embodied on at least one wave element (9) defining a longitudinal axis, wherein the flow elements (14), if there are several flow elements (14) are arranged or embodied adjacent or in parallel to the longitudinal axis defined by the wave element (9).
6. Small fire system according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that at least one flow element (14) is arranged or embodied non-removably or removably on the vibration base element (10).
7. Small fire system according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that at least one flow element (14) is designed with a cross-section geometry affecting the flow of the frictionless medium through the flow channel (15), which is limited on the flow element side.
8. Small fire system according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the walls limiting the flow channels (15) on the flow element side on the at least one flow element (14) are provided at least sectionally with a dirt-repellent coating or a surface structure.
9. Small fire system according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the grille (4) comprises a groove, shell, or trough-like grille base body (5), wherein the vibration element (8) is arranged at least sectionally, in particular completely, within of the grille base body (5).
10. Small fire system according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the grille (4) comprises a groove, shell, or trough-like grille base body (5), wherein the vibration base body (5) has a longitudinal geometric basic shape defining a longitudinal axis, wherein the vibration element (8) is arranged movably relative to the grill base body (5) in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
11. Small fire system according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that in particular, at least one jaw or tooth-like protrusion (13) is arranged or embodied on at least one side flank (12a, 12b) of the vibration element base body (10), in particular in the area of the free end.
12. Vibration element (8) for a small fire system (1) according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the vibration element (8) comprises a vibration element base body (10), in particular one that is roof-like or roof-shaped, with an upper edge (11) and side flanks (12a, 12b) protruding at an angle from it, wherein the vibration element base body (10) comprises at least one, in particular several, tube-like or tube-shaped flow elements (14), limited by a flow channel (15), through which frictionless medium can pass.

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