EP3328809A1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés au traitement thermique du sable - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés au traitement thermique du sable

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Publication number
EP3328809A1
EP3328809A1 EP16757549.7A EP16757549A EP3328809A1 EP 3328809 A1 EP3328809 A1 EP 3328809A1 EP 16757549 A EP16757549 A EP 16757549A EP 3328809 A1 EP3328809 A1 EP 3328809A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sand
sintering
grain
focal point
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16757549.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Neumann FRANK
Manfred Curbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Dresden
Original Assignee
Technische Universitaet Dresden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Dresden filed Critical Technische Universitaet Dresden
Publication of EP3328809A1 publication Critical patent/EP3328809A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/04—Heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/30—Solar heat collectors for heating objects, e.g. solar cookers or solar furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/80—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
    • F24S70/16—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material made of ceramic; made of concrete; made of natural stone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
    • G02B19/0009—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0038—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light
    • G02B19/0042—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light for use with direct solar radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0025—Compositions or ingredients of the compositions characterised by the crystal structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of sand, such. B. sintering, and thereby obtained aggregate or a reinforcing material for the construction industry, for. B. for concrete or asphalt.
  • Starting material is especially round-grained and equally distributed in the grain fractions sand, such as. B. desert sand.
  • the addition of binders can be dispensed with, since the connection between the grains of sand is brought about by an at least temperature-induced change in the material. An influence of pressure can occur.
  • the temperature usually remains below the glass or melting temperature of the component with the lowest melting point.
  • liquid phase sintering the temperature is above the glass transition temperature or melting temperature, and then the material changes to the liquid state.
  • Sand can be extracted from dry deposits (dry extraction) or from moist reservoirs such as lakes, rivers or the seabed (moisture extraction).
  • the deposits are only limited access, the gain is cost and energy consuming and also damages the ecosystem of the mining area concerned.
  • Desert sand on the other hand, is readily available and readily degradable, but due to its round-grain shape and uniform grain size, it can not be used as a building material and only poorly as a supplement for the production of concrete and concrete products.
  • a variety of methods of sand sintering are known for making firebricks for stoves. But they always need a binder.
  • the remedy is sintering or fusing (whereby melting would lead to vitrification and thus to a considerable loss of strength) of the sand grains of the desert sand, which can also take place binder-free. According to the prior art, such products are known.
  • a rotary kiln requires a lot of energy for its operation and is greatly worn by the melting of sand, unless additional protective measures are taken.
  • the document DE 32 48 537 A1 addresses exactly the problem of using desert sand after producing a sintered shaped body. It is the Moldings of loose sand held by an electric field in the desired shape. If a coarse-grained aggregate is required as the end product, the sintered shaped bodies produced in a furnace are comminuted such that different grain diameters, for example 0-2 mm (sands) or 2-63 mm (gravels), are formed.
  • the disadvantage here is that with a high energy input, a composite material is produced, which is then destroyed again with further use of energy to get to the desired product.
  • the shaping by means of an electric field requires a high investment and procedural effort.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to make round-grained and evenly distributed in the grain fractions desert sand for use as a building material, in particular as an aggregate, usable by an energy-saving thermal treatment.
  • the object is achieved by a method for the thermal treatment of sand, wherein a focused on at least one focus radiation is used and directed to a surface of a bed of sand. While each mirror and each lens may have only one focal point, it is contemplated to employ complex mirrors or lenses having multiple focal points and configured as a lens system.
  • any radiation can be used in which heat is generated when hitting a surface such as sand.
  • solar radiation is provided for this purpose.
  • the radiation has such a strength that the temperature of the sand is locally increased so that the crystal lattice structure of the Si0 2 compounds changed and / or with reaching a sintering temperature of at least the component with the lowest melting point shape changes and / or grain compounds, hereinafter Kornverbünde referred to, caused or such changes result.
  • Sand is not homogeneous Si0 2 , but represents a different depending on the origin mixture of components with different melting temperatures.
  • the change of the crystal lattice structure takes place at least on the surface of the grains of sand.
  • the sand grain does not have to be completely sintered or melted for a preferred embodiment of the invention, but in the case it is already sufficient to easily "loosen” the crystal structures on the surface.
  • the surface of the sand grain is enlarged and roughened, so that when used as an aggregate to a tighter bond with the matrix material, for.
  • the grain of sand is not completely melted. This maintains the strength associated with the crystalline structure. If the sand grain is completely melted, it gets an amorphous structure and becomes brittle.
  • Another effect changes the shape of the grain of sand from a round shape to an irregular or squat shape, which allows the grain of sand to be securely embedded in the matrix material in a form-fitting bond and to absorb higher forces. Furthermore, the alteration of the surface is in preparation for a subsequent sintering, after which the surfaces of two or more grains can adhere to each other. This is preferably done in a multi-step process.
  • the focal point and / or the sand are guided relative to one another in such a way and at such a speed that grain composites are formed in the dimensions provided.
  • the molding sintering is provided, in which the focus is directed in a suitable manner, in particular static or movable, on the introduced into a temperature-resistant, open top sintered bed of sand.
  • the shaped body corresponds in its shape to the negative form of the sintered form. It can be designed, for example, as a cuboid, pyramid or tetrahedron.
  • the sintered form can have a discharge channel arranged opposite the open side for facilitated shaping of the shaped body, through which the shaped body is ejected after it has hardened and which is closed during filling and sintering, for example by a screw.
  • the mold like the free-form sintering sand, can be moved on a conveyor through the apparatus.
  • To solve the problem requires a method for changing the properties of solids.
  • the surface structure of sands, in particular Desert sands are changed in such a way that on the one hand the surface shape of a single grain changes and on the other hand several (desert) sand grains can be combined to form a variable grain conglomerate, hereinafter called grain composite.
  • the crystal lattice structure is partially dissolved due to heat supply to the surface of the sand.
  • this amorphous phase in which therefore no crystal structure is no longer present, is heated at the surface to the glass transition temperature in order to combine with similarly pretreated sand grains.
  • the properties of the sands, in particular desert sands are deliberately changed by sintering processes.
  • the high energy demand in sintering processes is covered here by the use of solar energy.
  • the crystal lattice structure of the Si0 2 compounds changes and, due to individually adapted sintering temperatures, changes in shape and grain composites are possible.
  • An advantageous development of the method according to the invention comprises a targeted and temporally controlled lowering of the temperature, especially after the sintering process, so that the crystal lattice structure of the Si0 2 compounds is further selectively influenced.
  • the crystal lattice structure Due to the increase in temperature associated with the energy input, the crystal lattice structure is specifically influenced, in particular dissolved.
  • the structure changes from crystalline (ordered) to amorphous (disordered). This change is also referred to as glazing.
  • the degree of brittleness is directly related to this. Consequently, a desired structure can be produced in the structure of the material or the material can thus obtain a certain brittleness.
  • z By the targeted reduction of the temperature within a certain time, z.
  • rapid or slow cooling or quenching, and taking into account the critical cooling rate can be the lattice structure targeted, similar to the hardening of steel influence.
  • the method is preferably carried out by means of a plurality of focusing devices, preferably a plurality of lenses, which successively deliver radiation focused on the sand on its surface, thereby locally increasing the temperature stepwise or evenly raised or reduced in a controlled manner.
  • the focusing is not necessarily done solely by the lens system.
  • first grain composites are supplied to the thermal treatment at least once more, so that the first grain composites combine to form second, larger grain composites by sintering and different grain sizes and / or granules are formed.
  • an aggregate similar to gravel, can be formed, which is suitable for different applications.
  • By mixing different particle sizes different grading curves can be achieved. Free-form, larger grain composites obtained by the use of the first grain composites a grippy, rough surface.
  • a device for utilizing solar energy which makes thermal energy available as a result of focused solar radiation.
  • a focusing device preferably embodied as a lens system, focuses the solar radiation, preferably also controllably, so that the temperature at the focal point of the lens or the lens system is adjustable, preferably continuously.
  • the process can be carried out using a renewable energy source without the use of another expensive energy source.
  • the focal point of a lens system may be different than that of a single lens.
  • the focused solar radiation is through a device that changes the cross section of the beam, such as a louvre, or by using the so-called shutter technology, in which the duration of the action by alternately successive full fade and fade the Beam is changed with a predetermined frequency, adjustable.
  • a device that changes the cross section of the beam such as a louvre, or by using the so-called shutter technology, in which the duration of the action by alternately successive full fade and fade the Beam is changed with a predetermined frequency, adjustable.
  • Other methods or measures which influence the intensity of the amount of energy usable at the focal point are also encompassed by the invention.
  • the sintering process can be controlled without too weak bonds or the sand is melted too much.
  • the temperature at the focal point of the lens, the lens system or any other focusing system can be set continuously variable.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a device for sintering sand, wherein a focusing device for heat energy radiation for generating at least one focal point on the surface of a bed of sand and a positioning means for continuous relative movement between the focal point and the sand are provided.
  • the focusing device ensures such bundling of the beam that on the one hand locally highly concentrated heat radiation strikes the sand, whereby energy in the form of heat as a result of radiation, preferably solar radiation, acts on the sand.
  • a relatively small area of the bed is heated. The latter ensures a controlled shaping of the grain composites so that free-form sintered grain composites can be produced.
  • a device for the use of solar energy which advantageously comprises a lens system for focusing, which controls the solar radiation in such a way, for. B. by a diaphragm, focused that the temperature at the focal point of the lens is continuously variable adjustable. This ensures compliance with the temperature window, which must be complied with for the intended sintering, depending on the feed rate.
  • the lens system comprises a Fresnel lens, so that a space-saving design, especially a small depth of the lens system, is made possible.
  • a diaphragm is provided, preferably designed as a louver aperture.
  • a shutter arrangement is provided, with both devices serving to control the intensity of the focused solar radiation as needed.
  • a plurality of focusing devices or lenses are provided. These are arranged in such a way that in the course of the continuous relative movement between the focal point and the sand, the temperature of the sand is gradually or evenly changeable.
  • a plurality of focusing devices or lenses are arranged in a row.
  • a metering device is provided which the sand on a heat-resistant, preferably ceramic conveyor applies.
  • a further solution of the object according to the invention relates to a reinforcing material comprising sintered round-grained sand, wherein sand grains are used as starting material according to the invention to form granules of a given size or size distribution.
  • load and / or geometry-dependent shaped grain composites which are also provided according to the invention.
  • three-dimensional bodies, including hollow bodies are provided, which are present as a single-layer or multi-layer grid or space grid with variable lattice parameters.
  • the invention develops its advantages, in particular, when desert sand is provided as round-grained sand, which is the starting material for the process according to the invention. This makes it possible, as a further aspect of the solution according to the invention, to use desert sand as an additive for a component, whereby grain composites obtained by sintering of desert sand are introduced into a matrix material as an additive.
  • the grain composites can be achieved. Due to the directional installation of the sintered, free-formed material, its decisive volume fraction can be oriented in the regions with less tensile stress.
  • the grain composites may also be shaped to support each other in the matrix material and to fill a large volume that does not collapse. Especially when a directional installation of sintered, directionally oriented free-formed grain composites takes place in the matrix material, the result is particularly advantageous.
  • the grain composites are oriented in the less loaded by train direction of the component in the manner. At the same time, the cross-sectional reduction of the matrix material, for.
  • the aggregate in the pulling direction less than in the printing direction.
  • the concrete matrix in the longitudinal direction of the rods at the same volume of the aggregate of, for example, round grain size on a larger cross-section.
  • the transverse direction is chosen so that there is the pressure load, in the longitudinal direction, however, the tensile load.
  • concrete has a much lower strength, which can be at least partially offset by a thus formed and directionally introduced aggregate material.
  • the decisive strength of the concrete is determined by the matrix or cement stone, the tensile strength corresponds to only a fraction, for example about 10% of the compressive strength.
  • Aggregates are added as so-called fillers or aggregates in order to achieve an optimum packing density of the aggregates and thus to minimize the proportion of cement.
  • more cement means that more mixing water and thus more water is needed. This causes greater shrinkage, segregation, pore formation, etc.
  • the aim of the invention is to orient the volume fraction of the surcharges in terms of load and dimensioning in the matrix such that the ratio of water to cement to aggregate remains unchanged.
  • the aggregates should be oriented more in the direction of compression.
  • the aggregates have a higher tensile strength than the matrix.
  • aggregates of the invention oriented in the tensile direction can be understood as reinforcement.
  • a useful field of application could be, above all, floor slabs, industrial floors or screeds which are reinforced for high mechanical stresses, similar to a fiber reinforcement.
  • the grain composites are shaped such that the elements of the additive in the matrix material support one another and thus fill a large volume, ie they do not sink to the bottom and do not accumulate there.
  • the matrix materials can also be shaped so that they have specific load and / or geometric properties and can promote multiaxial stress states or can be produced according to the dimensions.
  • the main advantages of the invention can be described as follows.
  • the main innovation is the utilization of desert sand as an extensive resource, which was previously excluded due to their unfavorable properties from use as a building material.
  • a further advantage is that material is sintered as needed only by the punctiform or local energy input, which is also needed in this size.
  • the energy for sintering is generated according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention from solar energy directly and without technically complex and failure-prone conversion into other forms of energy.
  • 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a sintering device according to the invention
  • 2 shows a schematic representation in side view of an embodiment of a double sintering device according to the invention
  • 3 shows a schematic representation in a sectional side view of an embodiment of a component according to the invention.
  • 1 shows the functional principle of an embodiment of a sintering device 1 according to the invention.
  • a lens system 3 in the illustrated embodiment a Fresnel lens
  • sunlight 2 is focused and focused at the focal point 5.
  • the intensity of the bundled sun rays 4 can be adjusted, whereby the temperature reached in the focal point 5 is variably adjustable.
  • the sand 10 raw sand as the starting material, via a metering device of a temperature-resistant conveyor 16, z. B. from a ceramic material or with such a coating which moves in the conveying direction 16, respectively.
  • the sintering process takes place (possibly also under pressure).
  • the sintered sand 10 cools from which a grain composite 1 1 has formed, or is alternatively or additionally actively cooled by a not further detailed here and shown cooling device 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a double sintering device according to the invention, in particular also the metering and conveying process in a multi-stage, here two-stage process.
  • the areas I and II are marked for the two process stages.
  • sintering process see focused radiation 4
  • cooling systematically alternate from one another to several layers successively fed sand 10, fed from the metering devices 9, each other or with the grain composites 11 of the precursor to increasing in each process step grain fractions, the grain assemblies 1 1 to combine and to sinter.
  • a conveyor 6 moves the sand 10 relative to the focused radiation 4.
  • the released during cooling waste heat can be supplied to the transport system or the system technology, for example via energy recovery processes so that the entire system can be operated energy self-sufficient.
  • the already used solar energy can be used or the system technology is holistically set up for the use of solar energy.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a component 12 according to the invention in a sectional side view.
  • the component 12 comprises a matrix material 13. This consists of cement stone and demand-oriented or appropriately oriented inventive supplement. As aggregates grain composites 11 are introduced according to the present invention, which are oriented in the pulling direction 15 of the later component 12.
  • a particularly advantageous variant provides grain composites 1 1, which have a higher tensile strength than the matrix material 13 and thus are effective in terms of fiber reinforcement. This results, in conjunction with the directed introduction in the matrix material 13, a significant increase in the tensile strength of the component 12 in the pulling direction 15.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour le frittage du sable. Le but de l'invention est de rendre utilisable le sable du désert à grains arrondis et dont les fractions granulométriques sont équitablement réparties pour l'utilisation en tant que matériau de construction, notamment comme additif, grâce à un frittage économe en énergie. Le but de l'invention est atteint grâce à un dispositif de focalisation (3) pour un rayonnement riche en énergie thermique (2) permettant de produire au moins un point de combustion (5) sur la surface d'un tas de sable (10) et à un dispositif de positionnement (6) pour le déplacement relatif continu entre le point de combustion (5) et le sable (10). Le but de l'invention est également atteint grâce à une utilisation du sable du désert comme additif pour un composant (12), caractérisée en ce que des composites granuleux (11) de sable (10) du désert obtenus par frittage sont incorporés comme additifs dans une matière matricielle (13).
EP16757549.7A 2015-07-28 2016-07-27 Procédé et dispositif destinés au traitement thermique du sable Withdrawn EP3328809A1 (fr)

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DE102015112282.0A DE102015112282A1 (de) 2015-07-28 2015-07-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Sand
PCT/DE2016/100340 WO2017016550A1 (fr) 2015-07-28 2016-07-27 Procédé et dispositif destinés au traitement thermique du sable

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EP (1) EP3328809A1 (fr)
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WO (1) WO2017016550A1 (fr)

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US9707698B1 (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-07-18 Alex Xie Method and apparatus for forming marbelized engineered stone
DE102018209329A1 (de) * 2018-06-12 2019-12-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sand als Baustoff
DE102019110855A1 (de) * 2019-04-26 2020-10-29 Peter Brisizki Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verwerten von Wüstensand
IT202100016922A1 (it) 2021-06-28 2022-12-28 Aligi Comignani Metodo di frammentazione dei granelli di sabbia mediante trattamento termico
CN113639475B (zh) * 2021-10-13 2021-12-21 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 一种沙漠砂的加热系统及方法

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DK100256A (fr) 1962-10-23
DE3248537C2 (de) 1982-12-29 1986-10-23 Erich 8500 Nürnberg Rabe Sinterformkörper auf der Basis von Quarzsand sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu ihrer Herstellung
WO2010149177A2 (fr) * 2009-06-26 2010-12-29 Samak Nabil Mahmoud Talat Wahba Capteur solaire et dispositif de concentration de chaleur pour la fusion de sable/métal/sel ou pour la production de méthanol et la génération simultanée de l'électricité par des circuits d'énergie du procédé de refroidissement
CN101987475A (zh) * 2009-08-07 2011-03-23 上海集浪能源科技有限公司 以沙治沙的沙漠治理方法
CN102260059A (zh) * 2010-05-31 2011-11-30 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 一种高强防渗混凝土
DE102014006942B3 (de) * 2014-05-10 2015-07-16 Dennis Behnisch Verfahren zur Herstellung eines, zur Betonherstellung oder als Schüttgut zur Neulandgewinnung geeigneten, Sandes
DE112015002203A5 (de) * 2014-05-10 2017-02-02 Innovative Sand Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von künstlichem Brechsand bzw. Quetschsand durch thermische Behandlung unter der Verwendung von Sand in Form von Feinsand (FS/FSa) und/oder Rundsand als Ausgangsstoff

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US20180222795A1 (en) 2018-08-09
WO2017016550A1 (fr) 2017-02-02

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