EP3325796B1 - Internal combustion engine and method for determining a leakage of a crankcase and / or a tank bleeding system - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine and method for determining a leakage of a crankcase and / or a tank bleeding system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3325796B1
EP3325796B1 EP16730333.8A EP16730333A EP3325796B1 EP 3325796 B1 EP3325796 B1 EP 3325796B1 EP 16730333 A EP16730333 A EP 16730333A EP 3325796 B1 EP3325796 B1 EP 3325796B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
sensor
line
internal combustion
combustion engine
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EP16730333.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3325796A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Biebl
Jessica Golladay
Markus Haslbeck
Stephan RENNER
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10373—Sensors for intake systems
    • F02M35/1038—Sensors for intake systems for temperature or pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M13/022—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M13/022—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
    • F01M13/023—Control valves in suction conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/028—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of positive pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0809—Judging failure of purge control system
    • F02M25/0827—Judging failure of purge control system by monitoring engine running conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M2013/0038—Layout of crankcase breathing systems
    • F01M2013/0044—Layout of crankcase breathing systems with one or more valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M2013/026—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure with pumps sucking air or blow-by gases from the crankcase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M2013/027—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure with a turbo charger or compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M2250/00—Measuring
    • F01M2250/60—Operating parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zur Erkennung einer Leckage von einem Kurbelgehäuse- und/oder einem Tank-Entlüftungssystem mit den Merkmalen aus dem Patentanspruch 6.
Zum technischen Umfeld wird beispielsweise auf die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2009 008 831 A1 , von der die vorliegende Erfindung ausgeht, hingewiesen. Aus der DE 10 2009 008 831 A1 und US2011/0030659 ist eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Ansaugluftleitung bekannt, die einen Verdichter eines Abgasturboladers und eine Drosselklappe enthält, sowie mit einem Tank-Entlüftungssystem und einem Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem, die an zwei Anschlussstellen vor dem Verdichter und hinter der Drosselklappe an die Ansaugluftleitung angeschlossen sind. Um auf relativ einfache Weise eine Überwachung der Einleitstellen der Entlüftungsgase in die Ansaugluftleitung zu ermöglichen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass unmittelbar an den Anschlussstellen jeweils ein oder ein gemeinsames Rückschlagventil angeordnet ist.
Da ein Defekt des Tank-Entlüftungssystems und/oder des Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystems zum Entweichen von unverbrannten Kohlenwasserstoffen in die Umgebung führt, sind in den meisten Staaten bereits seit längerem Diagnoseverfahren gesetzlich vorgeschrieben, mit denen sich die ordnungsgemäße Funktion des Tank-Entlüftungssystems und/oder des Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystems diagnostizieren lässt, so dass sich eine zum Entweichen von unverbrannten Kohlenwasserstoff führende Störung frühzeitig erkennen und beheben lässt. Darüber hinaus fordert jedoch das California Air Ressource Board (CARB) bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem Abgasturbolader nunmehr auch noch eine zusätzliche Überwachung der Einleitstellen, an denen die Tank-Entlüftungsgase und die Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungsgase in die Ansaugluftleitung eingeleitet werden. Damit soll verhindert werden, dass es in Folge des Lösens der Verbindungen an den Anschlussstellen oder einer Leckage zu einer unerwünschten Schadstoffemission von unverbrannten Kohlenwasserstoffen in die Umgebung kommt. Während die Überwachung der Anschlussstellen der Tank- und/oder Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungsleitung und der Leitungen, die hinter der Drosselklappe in die Ansaugluftleitung münden und im Saugbetrieb zur Zufuhr der Entlüftungsgase in die Ansaugluftleitung dienen, keine Probleme bereitet, lässt sich die Anschlussstelle vor dem Verdichter des Abgasturboladers in die Ansaugluftleitung mündenden Tank- und/oder Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungsleitung oder Leitungen, durch welche die Entlüftungsgase im Ladedruckbetrieb in die Ansaugluftleitung eingeleitet werden, abhängig von der Sensorik und der Konstruktion nur schwer überwachen.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for detecting a leakage of a crankcase and / or a tank-venting system with the features of claim 6.
The technical environment, for example, the German patent application DE 10 2009 008 831 A1 , from which the present invention proceeds pointed out. From the DE 10 2009 008 831 A1 and US2011 / 0030659 For example, there is known an internal combustion engine having an intake air conduit including a compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger and a throttle, and a tank venting system and a crankcase ventilation system connected to the intake air conduit at two connection points in front of the compressor and behind the throttle. In order to enable monitoring of the discharge points of the venting gases in the intake air line in a relatively simple manner, it is proposed that one or a common non-return valve be arranged directly at the connection points.
Since a failure of the tank venting system and / or the crankcase ventilation system leads to the escape of unburned hydrocarbons in the environment, in most countries have long been required by law diagnostic procedures, with which can be used to diagnose the proper functioning of the tank venting system and / or the crankcase ventilation system so that a disturbance leading to the escape of unburned hydrocarbon can be detected and remedied at an early stage. In addition, however, the California Air Resource Board (CARB) in internal combustion engines with an exhaust gas turbocharger now also requires additional monitoring of the discharge points at which the tank venting gases and the crankcase venting gases are introduced into the intake air line. This is to prevent that it comes as a result of the release of the compounds at the connection points or leakage to an undesirable pollutant emission of unburned hydrocarbons in the environment. While the monitoring of the connection points of the tank and / or crankcase ventilation line and the lines that open behind the throttle in the intake air line and serve in suction for supplying the venting gases in the intake air line, no problems, can be the connection point in front of the compressor Exhaust gas turbocharger opening into the intake air line tank and / or crankcase ventilation line or lines through which the vent gases are introduced in the boost pressure operation in the intake air, depending on the sensor and the construction difficult to monitor.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Brennkraftmaschine aufzuzeigen, mit der einfach und kostengünstig eine Leckage eines Kurbelgehäuse- und/oder eines Tank-Entlüftungssystems erkannt werden kann.Based on this prior art, the present invention has the object to show an internal combustion engine, with a simple and inexpensive leakage of a crankcase and / or a tank-venting system can be detected.

Diese Aufgabe wird vorrichtungsmäßig mit den Merkmalen aus dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 und verfahrensmäßig mit den Merkmalen aus dem Patentanspruch 6 gelöst.This object is solved by the device with the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1 and procedurally with the features of claim 6.

So ist es mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung der Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Patentanspruch 1 möglich, mit nur einem einzigen Sensor, einen Drucksensor, eine Leckage in einem Kurbelgehäuse- und/oder einem Tank-Entlüftungssystem zu detektieren.Thus, it is possible with the inventive design of the internal combustion engine according to claim 1, with only a single sensor to detect a pressure sensor, a leak in a crankcase and / or a tank venting system.

Somit können die Anforderungen bezüglich der Schadstoffemissionen, insbesondere der Kohlenwasserstoffemissionen (HC-Emissionen), problemlos erfüllt werden. In vorteilhafter Weise wird, wie bereits dargestellt, nur ein einziger Drucksensor zur Diagnose/Leckage-Erkennung des Kurbelgehäuse- und/oder des Tank-Entlüftungssystems benötigt.Thus, the requirements for the pollutant emissions, in particular the hydrocarbon emissions (HC emissions) can be easily met. Advantageously, as already described, only a single pressure sensor for diagnosis / leakage detection of the crankcase and / or the tank ventilation system is needed.

Mit der Ausgestaltung in Patentanspruch 2 ist es möglich, den Leckageort exakt zu definieren, ob sich die Leckage im Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem oder in dem Tank-Entlüftungssystem befindet.With the embodiment in claim 2, it is possible to define the leak location exactly whether the leakage is in the crankcase ventilation system or in the tank ventilation system.

Bevorzugt wird für die Detektion einer Leckage gemäß Patentanspruch 3 ein Diagnosegerät vorgesehen. Hierbei kann es sich auch um ein elektronisches Steuergerät handeln.Preferably, a diagnostic device is provided for the detection of a leakage according to claim 3. This may also be an electronic control unit.

Mit der Ausgestaltung in diesem Patentanspruch 4 ist es möglich, die Tankentlüftung je nach Erfordernis zu- oder abzuschalten.With the configuration in this claim 4, it is possible to turn on or off the tank venting as required.

Mit der Ausgestaltung gemäß Patentanspruch 5 ist es möglich, den Gasmassen- bzw. Gasmengenstrom einzustellen, so dass ein noch genaueres Detektieren einer Leckage ermöglicht ist.With the embodiment according to claim 5, it is possible to adjust the gas mass or gas flow rate, so that a more accurate detection of leakage is possible.

Mit dem Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 6 ist es möglich, einfach und kostengünstig eine Leckage im Kurbelgehäuse- und/oder dem Tank-Entlüftungssystem zu detektieren.With the method according to claim 6, it is possible to easily and inexpensively detect leakage in the crankcase and / or the tank venting system.

Mit dem Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 7 ist es möglich, eine Leckage im Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem zu detektieren.With the method according to claim 7, it is possible to detect a leakage in the crankcase ventilation system.

Mit dem Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 8 ist es möglich, eine Leckage im Tank-Entlüftungssystem zu detektieren.With the method according to claim 8, it is possible to detect a leak in the tank venting system.

Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand von vier Figuren näher erläutert.

Figur 1
zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine.
Figur 2
zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung die erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine bei Saugbetrieb.
Figur 3
zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung die erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine bei Turbobetrieb.
Figur 4
zeigt in einer Tabelle eine Logik einer Leckagediagnose.
In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to four figures.
FIG. 1
shows a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine according to the invention.
FIG. 2
shows a schematic representation of the internal combustion engine according to the invention in suction mode.
FIG. 3
shows a schematic representation of the internal combustion engine according to the invention in turbo mode.
FIG. 4
shows in a table a logic of a leak diagnosis.

Im Folgenden gelten in den Figuren 1 bis 3 für gleiche Bauelemente die gleichen Bezugsziffern.The following apply in the FIGS. 1 to 3 for same components the same reference numbers.

Figur 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine 1 mit beispielsweise vier eingezeichneten, durch Kreise dargestellten Zylindern 1', mit einem Verbrennungsluft-Ansaugsystem 2, in dem ein Verdichter 3, beispielsweise eines Abgasturboladers oder auch ein mechanischen Verdichter, in Strömungsrichtung einer Verbrennungsluft (dargestellt durch einen Pfeil im Verdichter) dahinter ein Drosselelement 4, wie z. B. einer Drosselklappe angeordnet sind. Weiter weist die Brennkraftmaschine 1 ein Tank-Entlüftungssystem 5 für einen Kraftstofftank 21 und ein Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem 6 auf. Die räumliche Trennung des Tank-Entlüftungssystems 5 und des Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystems 6 ist schematisch durch Pfeile dargestellt. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an inventive internal combustion engine 1 with, for example, four drawn, represented by circles cylinders 1 ', with a combustion air intake system 2, in which a compressor 3, for example an exhaust gas turbocharger or a mechanical compressor, in the flow direction of a combustion air (shown by an arrow in the compressor) behind a throttle element 4, such. B. a throttle valve are arranged. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine 1 has a tank ventilation system 5 for a fuel tank 21 and a crankcase ventilation system 6. The physical separation of the tank ventilation system 5 and the crankcase ventilation system 6 is shown schematically by arrows.

Das Tank-Entlüftungssystem 5 ist über ein erstes Rückschlagventil 7 mit einer ersten Leitung 8 mit dem Ansaugsystem 2 in Strömungsrichtung der Ansaugluft nach dem Drosselelement 4 verbindbar. Weiter ist das Tank-Entlüftungssystem 5 über ein zweites und ein drittes Rückschlagventil 9, 10 in einer zweiten Leitung 11 mit dem Ansaugsystem 2 vor dem Verdichter 3 verbindbar. Das Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem 6 ist über ein viertes Rückschlagventil 12 in einer dritten Leitung 13 mit dem Ansaugsystem 2 nach dem Drosselelement 4 und über eine vierte Leitung 14 und das dritte Rückschlagventil 10 mit dem Ansaugsystem 2 vor dem Verdichter 3 verbindbar. In dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel teilen sich die zweite Leitung 11 und die vierte Leitung 14 das gemeinsame dritte Rückschlagventil 10. In einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel können hierfür auch zwei separate Leitungen mit je einem Rückschlagventil vorgesehen werden.The tank ventilation system 5 can be connected via a first check valve 7 with a first line 8 to the intake system 2 in the flow direction of the intake air downstream of the throttle element 4. Further, the tank venting system 5 via a second and a third check valve 9, 10 in a second line 11 with the intake 2 upstream of the compressor 3 can be connected. The crankcase ventilation system 6 is connectable via a fourth check valve 12 in a third line 13 to the intake system 2 after the throttle element 4 and via a fourth line 14 and the third check valve 10 with the intake system 2 in front of the compressor 3. In the present embodiment, the second line 11 and the fourth line 14 share the common third check valve 10. In another embodiment, this can also be provided for two separate lines, each with a check valve.

Erfindungsgemäß ist das Ansaugsystem 2 nach dem Drosselelement 4 über ein fünftes Rückschlagventil 15 in einer fünften Leitung 16 mit der zweiten Leitung 11 an einem Leitungsübergang zwischen der zweiten Leitung 11 und der zweiten Teilleitung 11' verbindbar ist, wobei an dem Leitungsübergang von der fünften Leitung 16 in die zweite Leitung 11 und die zweite Teilleitung 11' eine Düse 17, vorzugsweise eine Lavaldüse, ausgebildet ist, in die die zweite Leitung 11 nach dem zweiten Rückschlagventil 9 mündet, wobei zwischen dem zweiten Rückschlagventil 9 und der Düse 17 in der zweiten Leitung 11 ein erster Drucksensor 18 zur Messung des Druckes in der zweiten Leitung 11 vorgesehen ist.According to the invention, the intake system 2 is connectable to the throttle element 4 via a fifth check valve 15 in a fifth line 16 to the second line 11 at a line transition between the second line 11 and the second part line 11 ', wherein at the line transition from the fifth line 16th in the second line 11 and the second part line 11 ', a nozzle 17, preferably a Laval nozzle, is formed, in which the second line 11 opens to the second check valve 9, wherein between the second check valve 9 and the nozzle 17 in the second line eleventh a first pressure sensor 18 is provided for measuring the pressure in the second conduit 11.

Mit dieser Grundkonfiguration der Brennkraftmaschine 1 lässt sich nun erfindungsgemäß ein Verfahren zur Erkennung einer Leckage in einem Kurbelgehäuse- und/oder im Tank-Entlüftungssystem 5, 6 mit folgenden Verfahrensschritten darstellen:With this basic configuration of the internal combustion engine 1, a method for detecting a leak in a crankcase and / or in the tank ventilation system 5, 6 can now be represented according to the invention with the following method steps:

Verfahren 1Method 1

  1. 1. Starten der Brennkraftmaschine 1,1. starting the internal combustion engine 1,
  2. 2. Messen eines ersten Sensordrucks mit dem ersten Drucksensor 18,2. measuring a first sensor pressure with the first pressure sensor 18,
  3. 3. Vergleich des ersten Sensordrucks mit einem ersten Modelldruck mit einem Diagnosegerät 20,3. Comparison of the first sensor pressure with a first model pressure with a diagnostic device 20,
  4. 4. Auswerten, ob der Sensordruck von dem Modelldruck abweicht oder nicht,4. Evaluate whether the sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure or not,
  5. 5. Bei keiner Abweichung des Sensordrucks von dem Modelldruck, keine Störausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20,5. With no deviation of the sensor pressure from the model pressure, no noise output by the diagnostic device 20,
  6. 6. Bei Abweichung des Sensordrucks von dem Modelldruck, eine Störausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20.6. If the sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure, a spurious output by the diagnostic device 20.

Somit lässt sich erfindungsgemäß eine Leckage in dem Tank-Entlüftungssystem 5 bzw. in dem Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem 6 in einfacher Weise mit einem einzigen Drucksensor detektieren, wobei der Modelldruck immer ein fehlerfreies System darstellt.Thus, according to the invention, a leakage in the tank ventilation system 5 or in the crankcase ventilation system 6 can be detected in a simple manner with a single pressure sensor, the model pressure always representing a fault-free system.

In einer weiteren Ausbaustufe ist nach der Düse 17 in der zweiten Leitung 11 oder der vierten Leitung 14 ein zweiter Drucksensor 19 zur Messung des Drucks in der zweiten Teilleitung 11' oder der vierten Leitung 14 vorgesehen. Bevorzugt erfolgt die Druckauswertung der Drucksensoren 18, 19 wiederum durch das Diagnosegerät 20. Mit dieser weiteren Ausbaustufe der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine 1 sind nun zwei weitere Verfahren möglich, die folgende Verfahrensschritte aufweisen:In a further expansion stage, a second pressure sensor 19 for measuring the pressure in the second part line 11 'or the fourth line 14 is provided after the nozzle 17 in the second line 11 or the fourth line 14. The pressure evaluation of the pressure sensors 18, 19 is again preferably carried out by the diagnostic apparatus 20. With this further expansion stage of the internal combustion engine 1 according to the invention, two further methods are now possible which have the following method steps:

Verfahren 2Method 2

  1. 1. Messen des ersten und eines zweiten Sensordrucks mit dem ersten Drucksensor 18 und dem zweiten Drucksensor 19,1. measuring the first and second sensor pressures with the first pressure sensor 18 and the second pressure sensor 19,
  2. 2. Vergleichen des ersten und des zweiten Sensordrucks mit einem ersten und zweiten Modelldruck mit dem Diagnosegerät 20,2. Comparing the first and the second sensor pressure with a first and second model pressure with the diagnostic device 20,
  3. 3. Auswerten, ob ein Sensordruck von dem Modelldruck abweicht oder nicht,3. Evaluate whether a sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure or not,
  4. 4. Bei Abweichung des ersten Sensordrucks von dem ersten Modelldruck und des zweiten Sensordrucks von dem zweiten Modelldruck, Signalausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20, Leckage im Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem 6.4. If the first sensor pressure deviates from the first model pressure and the second sensor pressure deviates from the second model pressure, signal output by the diagnostic device 20, leakage in the crankcase ventilation system 6.
Verfahren 3Method 3

  1. 1. Messen des ersten und des zweiten Sensordrucks mit dem ersten Drucksensor 18 und dem zweiten Drucksensor 19,1. measuring the first and the second sensor pressure with the first pressure sensor 18 and the second pressure sensor 19,
  2. 2. Vergleichen des ersten und des zweiten Sensordrucks mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Modelldruck mit einem Diagnosegerät 20,2. Comparing the first and the second sensor pressure with a first and a second model pressure with a diagnostic device 20,
  3. 3. Auswerten, ob ein Sensordruck von dem Modelldruck abweicht oder nicht,3. Evaluate whether a sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure or not,
  4. 4. Bei einer Abweichung des ersten Sensordrucks von dem ersten Modelldruck und keiner Abweichung des zweiten Sensordrucks von einem zweiten Modelldruck, Störsignalausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20 Leckage im Tank-Entlüftungssystem 5.4. In the case of a deviation of the first sensor pressure from the first model pressure and no deviation of the second sensor pressure from a second model pressure, noise signal output by the diagnostic device 20 leakage in the tank ventilation system 5.

Zur Vollständigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine 1 sei noch angemerkt, dass die Ansaugluft durch einen Luftfilter 24 gereinigt wird, bevor sie in das Verbrennungsluft-Ansaugsystem 2 eintritt. Weiter ist im Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem 6 ein Ölabscheider 23 vorgesehen, um das Einströmen von Ölnebel in das Verbrennungsluft-Ansaugsystem 2 sicher zu vermeiden.For the sake of completeness of the internal combustion engine 1 according to the invention, it should also be noted that the intake air is cleaned by an air filter 24 before it enters the combustion air intake system 2. Further, in the crankcase ventilation system 6, an oil separator 23 is provided to securely prevent the inflow of oil mist into the combustion air intake system 2.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist in der ersten Leitung 8 zwischen dem Tank 21 und dem ersten und zweiten Rückschlagventil 7, 9 ein Tankentlüftungsventil 22 vorgesehen, um die Tankentlüftung bedarfsgerecht zu steuern.In another embodiment, in the first conduit 8 between the tank 21 and the first and second check valves 7, 9 a Tank vent valve 22 is provided to control the tank venting as needed.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist zwischen dem vierten Rückschlagventil 12 und der vierten Leitung 14 ein zweites, nicht dargestelltes Drosselelement 4 vorgesehen. Mit Hilfe dieses zweiten Drosselelementes, welches einen Volumenstrom- bzw. Druckregelventil sein kann, wird ein gewünschter Kurbelgehäusedruck eingestellt.In a further preferred embodiment, a second, not shown throttle element 4 is provided between the fourth check valve 12 and the fourth line 14. With the help of this second throttle element, which may be a volume flow or pressure control valve, a desired crankcase pressure is set.

Figur 2 zeigt nochmals die erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine 1 aus der Figur 1, mit den Druckverhältnissen und Strömungsverhältnissen im Saugbetrieb, d. h. bei einem Betrieb bei dem noch kein Laderdruck von dem Verdichter aufgebaut ist. Die Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungsgase sind punktiert dargestellt, die Tank-Entlüftungsgase sind gestrichelt dargestellt. Wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, erfolgt die Tankentlüftung im Saugbetrieb über das Tankentlüftungsventil 22 und das Rückschlagventil 7 in das Verbrennungsluft-Ansaugsystem 2. Die Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungsgase strömen zuerst durch den Ölabscheider 23 und werden dann anschließend über das vierte Rückschlagventil 12 in der dritten Leitung 13 in das Verbrennungsluft-Ansaugsystem 2 geführt. Diese Strömungsverhältnisse stellen sich dadurch ein, dass im Verbrennungsluft-Ansaugsystem 2 nach dem Verdichter 3 ein Unterdruck herrscht, da die nicht dargestellten Kolben in den Zylindern 1' wie eine Unterdruckpumpe wirken. FIG. 2 again shows the internal combustion engine 1 of the invention FIG. 1 , with the pressure conditions and flow conditions in the suction mode, ie in an operation in which no loader pressure is built up from the compressor. The crankcase ventilation gases are shown dotted, the tank vent gases are shown in dashed lines. As in FIG. 2 The crankcase ventilation gases flow first through the oil separator 23 and are then subsequently via the fourth check valve 12 in the third line 13 into the combustion air. Intake system 2 out. These flow conditions are adjusted by the fact that there is a negative pressure in the combustion air intake system 2 after the compressor 3, since the pistons, not shown, act as a vacuum pump in the cylinders 1 '.

Dem gegenüber zeigt Figur 3 die erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine 1 für den Turbobetrieb, d. h. wenn der Verdichter 3 die Verbrennungsluft vor den Zylindern 1' verdichtet. In diesem Fall herrscht im Verbrennungsluft-Ansaugsystem 2 nach dem Verdichter 3 ein Überdruck, was dazu führt, dass die Tankentlüftungsgase über das Tankentlüftungsventil 22 und das zweite Rückschlagventil 9 in Richtung der Düse 17 und von dort weiter über das dritte Rückschlagventil 10 in das Verbrennungsluftansaugsystem 2 vor dem Verdichter 3 eingeleitet werden. Dem gegenüber werden im Turbobetrieb die Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungsgase über den Ölabscheider 23 und die vierte Leitung 14 ebenfalls über das dritte Rückschlagventil 10 in das Verbrennungsluft-Ansaugsystem 2 vor dem Verdichter 3 eingeführt und von dort zusammen mit den Tankentlüftungsgasen weiter in Richtung Zylinder 1' befördert.Opposite shows FIG. 3 the internal combustion engine 1 according to the invention for turbo operation, ie when the compressor 3, the combustion air in front of the cylinders 1 'compacted. In this case prevails in the combustion air intake system 2 after the compressor 3, an overpressure, which causes the tank ventilation gases via the tank vent valve 22 and the second check valve 9 in the direction of the nozzle 17 and from there via the third check valve 10 in the Verbrennungsluftansaugsystem second be introduced before the compressor 3. In contrast, in turbo mode the Crankcase ventilation gases via the oil separator 23 and the fourth line 14 also introduced via the third check valve 10 in the combustion air intake system 2 in front of the compressor 3 and from there along with the tank ventilation gases in the direction of cylinder 1 'transported.

Figur 4 zeigt in einer Tabelle die Logik der Störsignalausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20. Ist ein Sensordruck gleich dem Modelldruck, so ist der Logikwert 1. Ist ein Sensordruck ungleich dem Modelldruck, so ist der Logikwert 0. FIG. 4 shows in a table the logic of the Störsignalausgabe by the diagnostic device 20. If a sensor pressure equal to the model pressure, then the logic value is 1. If a sensor pressure is not equal to the model pressure, the logic value is 0.

Hieraus ergibt sich ein erster Systemzustand bei einem Sensordruck p1 = 1 und einem Sensordruck p2 = 1 keine Leckage, d. h. keine Störausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20.This results in a first system state at a sensor pressure p1 = 1 and a sensor pressure p2 = 1 no leakage, d. H. No spurious output by the diagnostic device 20.

Hieraus ergibt sich ein zweiter Systemzustand bei einem Sensordruck p1 = 0 und einem Sensordruck p2 = 0 Leckage nach der Saugstrahlpumpe, d. h. Störausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20.This results in a second system state at a sensor pressure p1 = 0 and a sensor pressure p2 = 0 leakage after the suction jet pump, d. H. Noise output by the diagnostic device 20.

Hieraus ergibt sich ein dritter Systemzustand bei einem Sensordruck p1 = 0 und einem Sensordruck p2 = 1 Leckage vor der Saugstrahlpumpe (Tankentlüftungsseite), d. h. Störausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20.This results in a third system state at a sensor pressure p1 = 0 and a sensor pressure p2 = 1 leakage before the suction jet pump (tank vent side), d. H. Noise output by the diagnostic device 20.

Nochmals die detaillierten Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Systemzustände:Again, the detailed procedures for determining the system states:

Verfahren 1Method 1

  • Starten der Brennkraftmaschine 1,Starting the internal combustion engine 1,
  • Messen eines ersten Sensordrucks mit dem ersten Drucksensor 18,Measuring a first sensor pressure with the first pressure sensor 18,
  • Vergleich des ersten Sensordrucks mit einem ersten Modelldruck mit einem Diagnosegerät 20,Comparison of the first sensor pressure with a first model pressure with a diagnostic device 20,
  • Auswerten, ob der Sensordruck von dem Modelldruck abweicht oder nicht,Evaluate whether the sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure or not,
  • Bei keiner Abweichung des Sensordrucks von dem Modelldruck, keine Störsignalausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20,With no deviation of the sensor pressure from the model pressure, no interference signal output by the diagnostic device 20,
  • Bei einer Abweichung des Sensordrucks von dem Modelldruck, eine Störsignalausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20.In the event of a deviation of the sensor pressure from the model pressure, an interference signal output by the diagnostic device 20.
Verfahren 2Method 2

  • Messen des ersten und eines zweiten Sensordrucks mit dem ersten Drucksensor 18 und dem zweiten Drucksensor 19,Measuring the first and second sensor pressures with the first pressure sensor 18 and the second pressure sensor 19,
  • Vergleichen des ersten und des zweiten Sensordrucks mit einem ersten und zweiten Modelldruck mit dem Diagnosegerät 20,Comparing the first and the second sensor pressure with a first and second model pressure with the diagnostic device 20,
  • Auswerten, ob ein Sensordruck von dem Modelldruck abweicht oder nicht,Evaluate whether a sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure or not,
  • Bei Abweichung des ersten Sensordrucks von dem ersten Modelldruck und des zweiten Sensordrucks von dem zweiten Modelldruck, Signalausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20, Leckage im Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungssystem 6.In the case of deviation of the first sensor pressure from the first model pressure and the second sensor pressure from the second model pressure, signal output by the diagnostic apparatus 20, leakage in the crankcase ventilation system 6.
Verfahren 3Method 3

  • Messen des ersten und des zweiten Sensordrucks mit dem ersten Drucksensor 18 und dem zweiten Drucksensor 19,Measuring the first and second sensor pressures with the first pressure sensor 18 and the second pressure sensor 19,
  • Vergleichen des ersten und des zweiten Sensordrucks mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Modelldruck mit einem Diagnosegerät 20,Comparing the first and the second sensor pressure with a first and a second model pressure with a diagnostic device 20,
  • Auswerten, ob ein Sensordruck von dem Modelldruck abweicht oder nicht,Evaluate whether a sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure or not,
  • Bei einer Abweichung des ersten Sensordrucks von dem ersten Modelldruck und keiner Abweichung des zweiten Sensordrucks von dem zweiten Modelldruck, Störausgabe durch das Diagnosegerät 20 Leckage im Tank-Entlüftungssystem 5.In a deviation of the first sensor pressure of the first model pressure and no deviation of the second sensor pressure of the second model pressure, spurious output by the diagnostic device 20 leakage in the tank ventilation system. 5
Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.1.
BrennkraftmaschineInternal combustion engine
1'1'
Zylindercylinder
2.Second
Verbrennungsluft-AnsaugsystemCombustion air intake system
3.Third
Verdichtercompressor
4.4th
Drosselelementthrottle element
5.5th
Tank-EntlüftungssystemTank vent system
6.6th
Kurbelgehäuse-EntlüftungssystemCrankcase ventilation system
7.7th
erstes Rückschlagventilfirst check valve
8.8th.
erste Leitungfirst line
9.9th
zweites Rückschlagventilsecond check valve
10.10th
drittes Rückschlagventilthird check valve
11.11th
zweite Leitungsecond line
11'11 '
zweite Teilleitungsecond sub-line
12.12th
viertes Rückschlagventilfourth check valve
13.13th
dritte Leitungthird line
14.14th
vierte Leitungfourth line
15.15th
fünftes Rückschlagventilfifth check valve
16.16th
fünfte Leitungfifth line
17.17th
Düsejet
18.18th
erster Drucksensorfirst pressure sensor
19.19th
zweiter Drucksensorsecond pressure sensor
20.20th
Diagnosegerätdiagnostic device
21.21st
Tanktank
22.22nd
TankentlüftungsventilTank ventilation valve
23.23rd
Ölabscheideroil separator
24.24th
Luftfilterair filter

Claims (8)

  1. An internal combustion engine (1) with a combustion-air intake system (2), in which a compressor (3) and in the direction of flow of a combustion air behind it a throttle element (4) are arranged, and with a tank ventilation system (5) and with a crankcase ventilation system (6), wherein the tank ventilation system (5) can be connected to the intake system (2) after the throttle element (4) by means of a first non-return valve (7) in a first line (8) and can be connected to the intake system (2) before the compressor (3) by means of a second non-return valve (9) in a second line (11) and a third non-return valve (10) in a second partial line (11'), wherein the crankcase ventilation system (6) can be connected to the intake system (2) after the throttle element (4) by means of a fourth non-return valve (12) in a third line (13) and to the intake system (2) before the compressor (3) by means of a fourth line (14) and the third non-return valve (10),
    characterised in that the intake system (2) after the throttle element (4) can be connected to the second line (11) at a line transition between the second line (11) and the second partial line (11') by means of a fifth non-return valve (15) in a fifth line (16), with a nozzle (17) being formed at the line transition from the fifth line (16) into the second line (11) and the second partial line (11'), into which nozzle the second line (11) opens after the second non-return valve (9), with a first pressure sensor (18) for measuring the pressure in the second line (11) being provided between the second non-return valve (9) and the nozzle (17) in the second line (11).
  2. An internal combustion engine according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that a second pressure sensor (19) is provided in the second partial line (11') or the fourth line (14).
  3. An internal combustion engine according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that a diagnostic unit (20) is provided for pressure evaluation of the pressure sensors (18, 19).
  4. An internal combustion engine according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a tank vent valve (22) is provided in the first line (8) between a tank (21) and the first and the second non-return valve (7, 9).
  5. An internal combustion engine according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a second throttle element is provided between the fourth non-return valve (12) and the fourth line (14).
  6. A method for detecting a leak from the crankcase and/or the tank ventilation system according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterised by the following method steps:
    - starting the internal combustion engine (1),
    - measuring a first sensor pressure using the first pressure sensor (18),
    - comparing the first sensor pressure with a first model pressure using the diagnostic unit (20),
    - evaluating whether or not the sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure,
    - if the sensor pressure does not deviate from the model pressure, no fault signal is emitted by the diagnostic unit (20),
    - if the sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure, a fault signal is emitted by the diagnostic unit (20).
  7. A method according to Claim 6,
    characterised by the following method steps:
    - measuring the first and a second sensor pressure using the first pressure sensor (18) and the second pressure sensor (19),
    - comparing the first and the second sensor pressure with a first and a second model pressure using the diagnostic unit (20),
    - evaluating whether or not a sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure,
    - if the first sensor pressure deviates from the first model pressure and the second sensor pressure deviates from the second model pressure, a fault signal is emitted by the diagnostic unit (20) leakage in the crankcase ventilation system (6).
  8. A method according to Claim 6,
    characterised by the following method steps:
    - measuring the first and the second sensor pressure using the first pressure sensor (18) and the second pressure sensor (19),
    - comparing the first and the second sensor pressure with a first and a second model pressure using the diagnostic unit (20),
    - evaluating whether or not a sensor pressure deviates from the model pressure,
    - if the first sensor pressure deviates from the first model pressure and the second sensor pressure does not deviate from the second model pressure, a fault signal is emitted by the diagnostic unit (2) leakage in the tank ventilation system (5).
EP16730333.8A 2015-07-24 2016-06-14 Internal combustion engine and method for determining a leakage of a crankcase and / or a tank bleeding system Active EP3325796B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015213982.4A DE102015213982A1 (en) 2015-07-24 2015-07-24 Internal combustion engine and method for detecting leakage from a crankcase and / or tank venting system
PCT/EP2016/063587 WO2017016737A1 (en) 2015-07-24 2016-06-14 Internal combustion engine and method for detecting a leak from a crankcase and/or a tank ventilation system

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WO2017016737A1 (en) 2017-02-02
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US10907591B2 (en) 2021-02-02
US20180030937A1 (en) 2018-02-01

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