EP3325189A1 - Process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like - Google Patents
Process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the likeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3325189A1 EP3325189A1 EP16751659.0A EP16751659A EP3325189A1 EP 3325189 A1 EP3325189 A1 EP 3325189A1 EP 16751659 A EP16751659 A EP 16751659A EP 3325189 A1 EP3325189 A1 EP 3325189A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- mould
- liquid metal
- compacting
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C23/00—Tools; Devices not mentioned before for moulding
- B22C23/02—Devices for coating moulds or cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/08—Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like.
- MI2006A0004166 describes a process for the production of objects in aluminium by means of an apparatus comprising a lower mould and an upper mould that, coupled together, define the shape of the piece and delimit an area for the containment of a metered quantity of liquid metal.
- the liquid metal is inserted between the moulds by means of a feed duct connected to a furnace and coming from below, so that the liquid metal is inserted directly into the mould cavity.
- This apparatus is provided, in correspondence of the upper mould, with a shutter element for closing the feed duct of the liquid metal and a compacting plug suitable to realise a forging of the material when this is still in the semi-liquid or semi-solid state.
- the mould is closed by the descent of the upper mould and the compacting plug in the retracted position towards the top by a predetermined amount and with the shutter in raised position.
- the liquid metal is then inserted until the mould cavity is completely filled.
- the descent of the shutter is then commanded to close the feed duct and, once this duct is closed, the descent of the compacting plug is commanded, which performs the forging of the material .
- the purpose of this invention is to resolve the problems of the known art, taking into account the needs of the field.
- the purpose of this invention is to provide a process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like that allows accumulating the material necessary for forging while keeping it liquid, without there being residual air in the mould cavity and in particular in metal accumulation area.
- the purpose of this invention is to provide a process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like that allows reducing the solidification times of the metal.
- a further object purpose of the invention is to provide a process that allows producing objects in a much shorter time, thus contributing to a significant reduction of production costs.
- a still further purpose of the invention is to provide a production process that allows obtaining a product with high mechanical characteristics, which can provide the greatest assurances of reliability and safety, and low weight, so as to be highly competitive even from a purely economic point of view.
- Figure 1 represents a step of the production process according to this invention, with the upper mould spaced from the lower mould (machine open) ;
- Figure 2 represents the closing step of the upper mould, by means, of lowering it;
- Figure 3 represents the closing step of the moulds, by means of lowering the containment ring;
- Figure 4 represents the step of beginning the filling of the mould cavity
- Figure 5 represents the step of filling the entire mould cavity and simultaneously the retraction (partial ascent) of the compacting plug for the accumulation of a quantity of liquid metal necessary for forging;
- FIG. 6 represents the closing step of the feed duct of the liquid metal, by means of lowering the shutter element
- Figure 7 represents the step of depressurising the furnace with consequent emptying of the feed duct
- Figure 8 represents the forging step of the material, by means of lowering the compacting plug
- Figure 9 represents the opening step of the machine with the forged piece anchored to the upper mould
- FIG. 10 represents the -step of extracting the forged piece
- Figure 11 represents the lubrication step of the upper mould, and the shutter element.
- the apparatus for the realisation of the process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloy, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like comprises a lower press platen 1 that supports a lower mould 3 suitable to define at least partially a lower imprint 5, and an upper press platen 2 that supports an upper mould 4 suitable to define at least partially an upper imprint 6.
- a central vertical axis X For the apparatus is defined a central vertical axis X.
- the upper mould 4 is translatable towards and away from the lower mould 3.
- a mould cavity 70, enclosed in a surface, is defined between an upper mould 4 and a lower mould 3.
- an insertion duct 10 of liquid metal that has a communication opening 11 with the lower imprint 5.
- the insertion duct 10 is in communication with a furnace (not shown) for the liquid metal.
- the furnace is of the pressurised type.
- the liquid metal is thus inserted between the moulds by means of the duct 10 coming from below, so that the liquid metal is inserted directly into the mould cavity.
- the insertion channel 10 extends through the lower press platen and along its extension are provided the usual heating means for maintaining the metal in the liquid state.
- This apparatus is provided, in correspondence of the upper mould 4, with a shutter element 30 for closing the feed duct 10 of the liquid metal and a compacting plug 20 suitable to realise a forging of the material when this is still in the semi-liquid or semi-solid state.
- the compacting plug 20 is the only element that performs the compaction of the liquid metal.
- the shutter element 30, the compacting plug 20 and the insertion duct 10 are coaxial and provided with movement independent of each other.
- the shutter 30 is translatable, along the direction defined by the duct, through thrust means.
- the thrust means comprise a piston 31, movable in a chamber 32 defined in the compacting 20 so as to be able to have an independent movement between the shutter 30 and the compacting plug 20.
- the compacting plug 20 can be of the mechanical type, for example a cylinder or equivalent element, or of the pneumatic type, for example an air jet.
- the compacting plug 20 defines at least a portion of the imprint of the moulded and forged part: in fact, the plug 20 causes the translation of a part of the surface which defines the imprint of the piece so as to create a high pressure and thus achieve the forging of the material that is still in the semi-solid or semi- liquid state.
- the compacting plug 20 defines at least a portion of the upper imprint 6 or the lower imprint 5 of the moulded and forged piece, and thus at least a portion of the outer profile or of the inner profile of the piece.
- the forged piece P may comprise a plurality of portions, at least one of which is destined to rise to originate the final piece PF, and any other portions PS destined to be removed in subsequent machining s steps (swarf) .
- Figure 10 shows an example of a forged piece P: it is a piece comprising a plurality of taps (that represent the finished piece PF) joined by a portion of swarf PS destined to be removed.
- the shutter element 30 defines at least a portion of the imprint of moulded and forged piece, for example the inner walls of the hole that is formed in the piece forged by . the shutter element 30.
- the apparatus is provided, on shutter 30 or on the upper mould 4, with at least one level sensor 40, which has the function of stopping the ascent of the liquid metal.
- the level sensor 40 is suitable to program the time and pressure of filling of the liquid metal in the mould cavity.
- the level sensor 40 is suitable to command the ascent of the compacting plug 20 for the accumulation of a quantity of liquid metal necessary for forging (as shown in Figure 5) .
- the apparatus is provided., in correspondence of the upper mould 4, with a containment ring 50 suitable to act to ensure the closure of the sliders 13 of the lower mould 3 during the forging step of the semi-solid or semi-liquid material.
- the containment ring 50 is provided with a movement independent from the upper press platen 2.
- the sliders 13 slide in the longitudinal direction with respect to the lower press platen 1, in closing/opening the mould cavity 70.
- the moulding apparatus comprises a plurality of air vents in communication with the mould cavity 70, so as to allow the escape of air during the insertion step of the fluid metal.
- Figure 2 illustrates the closing step of the upper mould 4 on the lower mould 3 and the sliders 13 (which approach the central axis X) , with the compacting plug 20 completely lowered and the shutter element 30 completely raised. Between the upper mould 4, the lower mould 3 (and the sliders 13) , the compacting plug 20 and the shutter element 30 a mould cavity 70 is defined for the containment of a metered quantity of liquid metal.
- a depression is created in the mould cavity 70 is provided a depression, in such a way as to eliminate air residues that could affect the moulding of the piece.
- the step of filling the mould cavity 70 takes place in low pressure, so as to . facilitate the entrance of the liquid metal into the mould.
- An accumulation cavity 71, enclosed in a surface, is defined as a portion of the mould cavity 70, and is formed as a result of an expansion of the mould cavity 70, only in a very specific stage of the process (configuration of Figure 5) .
- the accumulation cavity 71 is obtained through the retraction of the compacting plug 20 and/or of the shutter element 30.
- the ascent of the compacting plug 20 and/or of the shutter element 30 is commanded until a programmed position and a programmed speed is reached.
- the raising of the compacting plug 20 and/or of the shutter element 30 determines a temporary expansion of the mould cavity 70, and in particular determines the formation of an accumulation cavity 71 (feedhead type) suitable precisely for accumulating the material (liquid metal) necessary for the forging step as it remains liquid longer.
- the accumulation cavity 71 (or feedhead) is defined in correspondence of the head of the compacting plug 20 and/or of the shutter element 30 ( Figure 5) .
- the accumulation cavity 71 is defined between the walls of the upper mould and the head of the compacting plug 20 and/or of the shutter element 30.
- the speed of raising of the compacting plug 20 and/or of the shutter element 30 is a function of the input speed of the liquid metal of the mould cavity 70. Therefore, the filling of the accumulation cavity 71 takes place concurrently with the formation , of the accumulation cavity 71 itself.
- the fluid metal is inserted in such a way as to integrally fill the mould cavity 70 and the accumulation cavity 71.
- the feed pressure of the liquid metal from the furnace is maintained until the shutter element 30 has completely closed the communication opening 11 of the duct 10.
- the sensor 40 gives a signal for the actuation of the shutter element 30 (descent) towards the closing of the opening 11.
- the liquid metal remains under pressure until the closing of the insertion opening port 11 of the duct 10. Note that the shutter 30 closes the insertion duct 10 when the material is still under pressure from the furnace.
- the compacting plug 20 is actuated that (descending) moves, completely or even only partially, the liquid metal accumulated in the accumulation cavity 71 to compensate for the volumetric shrinkage of the piece during moulding and to perform the compacting and forging of the metal.
- the accumulation cavity 71 has been completely, or at least partly, occupied by the compacting plug 20 itself ( Figure 8) .
- the application of high pressure in the semi-solid state of the metal allows a considerable reduction of the solidification times and a considerable increase in the mechanical characteristics of the piece to be produced.
- the forging step is carried out with speed and pressure programmable for the semi-solid state of the material in the cavity, and that the pressure is maintained until the end of solidification.
- the containment ring 50 remains closed at a predetermined pressure to prevent the sectors 13 (sliders) from opening as a result of the high pressure exerted.
- the upper mould 4 is opened ( Figure 9) , following the opening order of the containment ring opening 50, then the sliders 13 (which move away from the central axis X) and finally the upper press platen 2. As shown in Figure. 9, the piece P is anchored to the upper mould: at this point, the piece is extracted from the apparatus.,
- a layer of material suitable to facilitate the detachment of the forged piece (or release agent) , is applied on the lower mould 3, the sliders 13 and on the upper mould 4.
- both the compacting plug 20 and the shutter element 30 are lubricated and, in particular, graphite oil is applied.
- Figure 11 illustrates a lubrication device 90 (for example, rotating) that, simultaneously with the application of the release agent on the upper imprint 6, lubricates both the compacting plug 20 and the shutter element 30.
- the compacting plug 20 is fully retracted upwards and the shutter element 30 is fully extracted (i.e., lowered) . So, at the end of the cycle, after extracting the forged piece, between the shutter 30 fully extracted and the compacting plug 20 fully retracted, the rotating lubrication system 90, which lubricates the two elements in a single pass, goes into operation.
- the purpose of this invention is also an apparatus 1 for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like, comprising:
- the mould cavity 70 is predefined by the lower mould 3 and the upper mould 4, and the compacting plug 20 is an element separate from the moulds 3,4 and is the only element that performs the forging of the metal when this is still in the semi-liquid or semi-solid state.
- the mould cavity 70 is predefined by the lower mould 3 and the upper mould 4 : as can be seen in Figure 2, once the closing step of the upper mould 4 on the lower mould 3 (and possibly of the sliders 13 that approach the central axis X) is completed, the mould cavity 70 is substantially defined. In fact, as can be seen in Figures 5, 6 and 8 the movement of the compacting plug 20 and/or of the shutter element 30 is independent from the upper mould 4 (or the lower mould 3) , which remains stationary in the closed position .
- the compacting plug 20 and/or the shutter element 30 are retracted without there being any movement of the upper mould 4 (or the lower mould 3) , which remains stationary in the closed position.
- the mould cavity 70 is filled slowly and at low pressure, and high pressure is applied in the solidification step: this allows reducing solidification times in connection with the high pressure.
- the process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like allows obtaining different types of products, such as wheels, wheel hubs, wheel axles, safety tips for shoes, winches, taps, and so on.
- the process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like allows obtaining several finished pieces using a single moulding cycle.
- a technician in the field to satisfy contingent requirements, may make modifications, adaptations and replacements of members with others functionally equivalent, without departing from the scope of the following claims.
- Each of the characteristics described as belonging to a possible form of embodiment can be achieved independently from the other embodiments described.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITUB2015A002405A ITUB20152405A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | PROCEDURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ALUMINUM OBJECTS, ALUMINUM ALLOYS, LIGHT ALLOYS, BRASS, BRONZE AND THE LIKE. |
PCT/IB2016/054307 WO2017013590A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2016-07-20 | Process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass, bronze and the like |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3325189A1 true EP3325189A1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
EP3325189B1 EP3325189B1 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
Family
ID=54329914
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16751659.0A Active EP3325189B1 (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2016-07-20 | Process for the production of objects in aluminium, aluminium alloys, light alloys, brass and bronze |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3325189B1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITUB20152405A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017013590A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114101631A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 驻马店恒久机械制造有限公司 | Liquid die forging method for truck hub |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108311669B (en) | 2018-03-13 | 2019-11-19 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Aluminum vehicle wheel low pressure casting secondary pressurized technique |
CN108580843A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-28 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminum vehicle wheel continuous casting continuous forging forming technology |
CN108237212B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-11-29 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminum vehicle wheel Extrution casting technique and its device |
CN112570684A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-03-30 | 沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Integral extrusion casting device for aluminum alloy wheel and extrusion casting process and application thereof |
JP7363501B2 (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2023-10-18 | Ubeマシナリー株式会社 | Gate closing member for casting equipment, lubricant application method |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1268996B1 (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1997-03-18 | Borli Engineering Srl | MULTI-STAGE MELTING PLANT |
RU2115509C1 (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 1998-07-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "ГАЗ" | Apparatus for lubricating and cooling press-mold at liquid forming |
BG63426B1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2002-01-31 | Любомир ПЕТКАНЧИН | Method and device for casting of components |
ITMI20020223A1 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-07 | Claudio Frulla | EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMINUM OBJECTS DIALUMINIUM ALLOYS LIGHT AND SIMILAR ALLOYS |
ITPD20020167A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2003-12-22 | Bbs Riva Spa | EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING ALUMINUM OBJECTS, ALUMINUM ALLOYS, LIGHT AND SIMILAR ALLOYS, AND PROCEDURE IMPLEMENTED BY THAT EQUIPMENT |
ITMI20032186A1 (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2005-05-13 | Claudio Frulla | EQUIPMENT FOR MOLDING OF ALUMINUM OBJECTS, |
DE102009051879B3 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-06-01 | Baumgartner, Heinrich G. | Metal die-casting machine |
KR20130041473A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-25 | 한주금속(주) | Manufacturing method of high pressure rheocasting and apparatus thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-07-22 IT ITUB2015A002405A patent/ITUB20152405A1/en unknown
-
2016
- 2016-07-20 WO PCT/IB2016/054307 patent/WO2017013590A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-07-20 EP EP16751659.0A patent/EP3325189B1/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114101631A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 驻马店恒久机械制造有限公司 | Liquid die forging method for truck hub |
CN114101631B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-02-03 | 驻马店恒久机械制造有限公司 | Liquid die forging method for truck hub |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3325189B1 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
ITUB20152405A1 (en) | 2017-01-22 |
WO2017013590A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
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