EP3320999A1 - Procédé de fabrication à l'aide d'un moule de coulée au sable sous vide - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication à l'aide d'un moule de coulée au sable sous vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3320999A1
EP3320999A1 EP16198875.3A EP16198875A EP3320999A1 EP 3320999 A1 EP3320999 A1 EP 3320999A1 EP 16198875 A EP16198875 A EP 16198875A EP 3320999 A1 EP3320999 A1 EP 3320999A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
sand
casting
cooling
molding box
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16198875.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3320999B1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Stratmann
Andreas Güll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GF Casting Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Georg Fischer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georg Fischer GmbH filed Critical Georg Fischer GmbH
Priority to EP16198875.3A priority Critical patent/EP3320999B1/fr
Priority to US15/812,495 priority patent/US10464123B2/en
Priority to JP2017219133A priority patent/JP7033891B2/ja
Priority to CN201711129503.9A priority patent/CN108067607B/zh
Publication of EP3320999A1 publication Critical patent/EP3320999A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3320999B1 publication Critical patent/EP3320999B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
    • B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/02—Lost patterns
    • B22C7/023—Patterns made from expanded plastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/03—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings formed by vacuum-sealed moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/065—Cooling or heating equipment for moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/15—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D30/00—Cooling castings, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing cast parts from metal with a sand mold according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention relates to casting production with sand casting molds made by a vacuum molding process.
  • Casting method for producing castings of metal e.g. Of iron, aluminum or magnesium alloys are well known.
  • Typical casting methods that require sand casting molds are gravity casting or low pressure casting.
  • a molding box In low-pressure casting, a molding box is positioned with a vacuum or negative pressure sand casting mold via a Druckvergiess issued.
  • the molding box with the standing under vacuum / vacuum sand mold is then docked over the sprue of the mold box at the furnace outlet of the Druckvergiess announced and connected to this non-positively.
  • the sprue of the sand casting mold leads into a sprue area, which distributes the flow of liquid metal over a channel system and optimally fills the mold cavities of the sand casting mold. So that turbulence does not occur during flow of the liquid metal or material-specific critical velocities are exceeded, which negatively influence the later component mechanically or chemically (oxidation processes), the flow velocity of the liquid metal is regulated by the pressure in the pressure casting device. After the casting has been completed, the mold is allowed to cool until the casting produced is sufficiently solidified that it can be unpacked from the molding box. For example, the sand mold is passed over a vibrating table to release the sand from the casting.
  • a sand mold In gravity casting, a sand mold is filled from above with liquid metal. Thanks to gravity - mostly turbulent - the metal flows into the sprue of the sand casting mold and is also distributed in the sprue area via distribution channels into the cavities of the casting mold.
  • filters In the use of appropriate filters in the sprue of the sand casting mold, a laminar flow can also be generated during gravity casting.
  • the filters have the additional advantage that even impurities or oxidation products can be filtered out of the liquid metal.
  • the described low-pressure casting method or gravity casting is used in particular for the casting of light metals, e.g. Aluminum alloys, used.
  • the font US 7121318 suggests that after filling a sand mold (a sand stock conglomerate with binder) with liquid metal, the sand mold comes into contact with a solvent, eg water. As a result, the liquid metal is cooled faster in the edge zones and begins to solidify there. Of the Edge area of the casting with a solidified surface also comes into direct contact with the solvent and is thereby further quenched. The solvent also dissolves the sand mold in the cooled area.
  • the US patent suggests that the sand mold is immersed in a bath filled with the solvent.
  • the font DE 11 2006 000 627 T5 describes another method and a sand mold with improved heat dissipation, preferably for the production of castings from aluminum alloys.
  • the sand mold and the cores are made of quartz sand, which are mixed with a water-soluble binder, so that the quartz sand remains in the desired shape.
  • water-soluble cores are used at corresponding points of the sand casting mold. If, after the casting process, the sand casting mold is splashed with water at the points where the water-soluble cores are used, the water-soluble binder dissolves and the cores are washed away.
  • the font US 4,222,429 describes a cooling method for a vacuum sand mold.
  • the under-pressure sand mold is filled with liquid metal.
  • additional gases vaporizing styrene resin
  • a gas is subsequently rinsed through the (porous) casting mold and then sucked out of it again, which causes additional cooling or quenching of the casting mold and the cast part.
  • a cooling gas for example, air is used, which is pumped by means of a compressor in the sand casting mold. It can also be rinsed with water vapor instead of air. This rinse of the sand mold results in heat removal.
  • the sand mold can be sprayed with water from the outside.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method for the production of castings, which greatly improves the cooling of sand casting molds produced by means of vacuum molding and the castings solidifying therein.
  • the process according to the invention has numerous advantages over known casting processes. Thanks to the use of sand casting molds produced by the vacuum process, no binder is required (cost savings). The sand preparation is very easy. There are no expensive and bulky sand processing plants needed. The sand consumption is low with the inventive production method and accordingly environmentally friendly, because no additives are needed. Sand casting molds produced by means of vacuum molding require less draft and, in contrast to other sand casting molds, can also have undercuts. As the sand casting molds produced by the vacuum process contain no water, no water vapor is generated during the casting process. Thus, even lower wall thicknesses can be cast on the casting.
  • castings produced thereby have a higher dimensional accuracy and can have a very fine surface, since sand with a small particle size can be used. Even burr-free production is possible. The castings then do not necessarily have to be sandblasted.
  • the inventive production method can also be used in all known and common casting.
  • the quenching of the casting with water or another cooling liquid is brought to a very high level by the resulting suction effect.
  • the cooling liquid penetrates much faster and deeper into the porous sand casting mold, so that significantly higher cooling rates
  • the castings are effected as with conventional cooling methods. By touching the edge-solidified casting in the sand mold with the cooling liquid, the heat is dissipated abruptly.
  • the FIG. 1 shows first the production of a sand casting mold after the vacuum forming process.
  • the illustrated method is state of the art and can also find application in the inventive manufacturing process.
  • the first picture shows the provision of a vacuum box with a model half of the casting mold to be produced. On the model half a casting funnel is attached, through which the liquid metal should later flow into the sand casting mold.
  • the second picture shows a first process step for the production of the sand casting mold. In this case, a film or model film is heated until it becomes plastically deformable. Subsequently, the model film is lowered from above over the Giesstrichterform and the model half.
  • a negative pressure is created (see arrow), which sucks the model foil to the model half and to the pouring funnel.
  • the model half and the pouring funnel shape can be offset with small holes for better suction of the model film.
  • the model film cools and remains in the modeled form.
  • sizing can then be applied to the model film.
  • the top of the mold box is positioned over the half of the model with mounted model foil and filled with sand, eg quartz sand, and finally closed with an upper cover foil.
  • sand eg quartz sand
  • the vacuum or negative pressure in the molding box upper part is kept stable by means of pumps, so that the negative pressure remains in the upper part of the molding box.
  • the top of the flask is now removed from the half of the model and the casting funnel shape (see 7th picture).
  • the mold half made of sand hereby remains in its shape due to the negative pressure exerted, similar to a vacuumed food packaging.
  • the resulting benefits have already been explained above.
  • the bottom of the mold box with the lower mold half is made in the same way.
  • the flask top is anschnetend assembled with the associated lower part of the molding box and connected to each other non-positively.
  • the mold box with the sand mold in it under vacuum is now ready for filling with liquid metal (see 8th picture). After the liquid metal has solidified to the casting, the negative pressure can be released and the manufactured casting removed from the molding box (see 9th image).
  • the two following subfigures 2.1 and 2.2 show a schematic representation of the two-part molding box 2, wherein each mold box half 2 contains a Sandgussformhhan which is held under negative pressure. Part 2.1 also shows how both sand mold halves are held in their formed by the model sheets 12 due to the negative pressure.
  • the underprint in the two casting mold halves is held by the molding box 2, as well as a mold box cover film 7 and a model film 12.
  • the schematic figures show at both mold box halves a suction point 11, by means of which air is sucked out of the mold halves and thus the negative pressure is generated.
  • the molding box upper part also has a casting funnel 10, through which the melt is poured into the closed casting mold in a later step.
  • the two mold box halves acted upon by negative pressure are stacked on top of each other and frictionally connected with each other.
  • both mold box halves are joined together. These are non-positively connected so that the sand casting mold does not open during the casting process.
  • the two mold box halves form the actual mold box 2 with the sand mold 1 assembled therein from the two sand mold halves.
  • the assembled sand mold 1 forms a cavity 13 which has the casting mold to be produced.
  • the closed molding box 2 can now be filled with the melt, ie, solid metal 5.
  • the present invention may be applied to any casting method, for example the gravity or die casting methods described above.
  • the sand mold 1 is now filled according to part 2.2 with liquid metal, wherein the liquid metal cools and - slowly begins to solidify in the edge zones to the sand mold.
  • the two subfigures 3.1 and 3.2 now show the inventive method step:
  • the molding box 2 with the still located therein under vacuum sand mold 1, which is filled with liquid, teilerstarrtem metal is moved away from the casting device (not shown).
  • the casting device will thus release for the next casting operation, ie filling of a further mold box.
  • the filled molding box 2 is for this purpose, for example, by a robot, not shown, moved away from the casting apparatus and pivoted via a cooling device.
  • the cooling device can, as shown in the two sub-figures consist of a large cooling pool or bath 6 (eg a water bath).
  • the cooling device can also have nozzles 9 for the cooling liquid admission, which spray the liquid metal filled molding box 2 from different directions, eg from above, with a cooling liquid.
  • a cooling liquid typically, water is used as the cooling fluid or coolant.
  • the molding box 2 is now partially immersed, for example, in the cooling basin 6 and sprayed from above by means of the nozzles 9 with the cooling liquid.
  • the mold box 2 can also be completely immersed in the cooling tank 6, in which case no additional nozzles are necessary.
  • the molding box 2 with the sand casting mold 1, which is still under reduced pressure, is now opened according to the invention completely or even only at the locations with the application of cooling liquid. This is done by removing the mold box cover sheets 7.
  • the invention now makes use of the suction effect of the negative pressure (typically -0.6 to -0.8 bar):
  • the sand mold 1 is made of sand, ie quartz sand, and contains no blocking binder (eg Betonit) or other fines, the water can penetrate very quickly and deeply into the porous sand mold, ie between the individual grains of sand, thanks to the pre-existing negative pressure / vacuum.
  • a sand casting mold is very compact, it is actually porous and has a theoretical cavity between the grains of sand, which can account for 33% of the total sand casting mold volume.
  • inventive cooling or quenching effect is very high compared to the known cooling methods.
  • inventive method also applies to vacuum sand casting molds, which are provided with additives.
  • the additives used do not adversely affect the porosity of the sand casting mold or its permeability to the cooling liquid, or at least do not influence it too negatively.
  • Betonit should preferably not be used as additive / binder, because this when in contact with water closes the cavities between the grains of sand and makes the sand mold impermeable to water (despite the low pressure little or no water is sucked into the sand mold).
  • the molding box 2 After the cover sheets 7 of the molding box have been removed, it is also conceivable for the molding box 2 to be immersed deeper into the cooling basin 6.
  • the immersion of the molding box 2 in the water bath 6 offers the additional advantage that the immersion process can be controlled or regulated. That is, the cooling process can be influenced by the dipping direction and speed.
  • the molding box can be immersed horizontally in the casting position, obliquely or rotated through 180 degrees about a horizontal or a vertical axis. Accordingly, certain areas of the casting may be quenched faster via the dipping direction and / or speed.
  • the subfigures 4.1 and 4.2 show a further variant of the inventive method.
  • the filled with liquid metal molding box 2 is completely immersed in a water bath 6, before the cover sheets 7 are removed on the molding box.
  • the suction effect for the quenching of the liquid or partly already randerstarrten casting 3 with the cooling liquid is exploited even more efficient.
  • the molding box instead of the cover sheets 7 also slide 8 may have. These slides 8 take over the function of the cover sheet.
  • the use of sliders - e.g. at the bottom of the box - be more advantageous than the use of cover sheets.
  • the slides can also be reused without further ado.
  • the molding box is opened after the cooling liquid is applied by the removal of the cover sheets or the slider.
  • the idea of the invention also includes the possibility that the (partial) opening of the molding box takes place before or immediately before or at the same time as the application of cooling liquid.
  • the molding box can thus be opened before or after the cooling liquid application (preferably only at the points withchenkeitsbeetzschlagung).
  • the invention naturally used suction and thus cooling effect is used most efficiently if the sand mold absorbs only or mostly only cooling liquid and not also ambient air (much lower heat capacity). It is therefore preferable that the molding box is opened only after the cooling liquid application by the removal of the cover sheets or slider.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
EP16198875.3A 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Procédé de fabrication à l'aide d'un moule de coulée au sable sous vide Not-in-force EP3320999B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16198875.3A EP3320999B1 (fr) 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Procédé de fabrication à l'aide d'un moule de coulée au sable sous vide
US15/812,495 US10464123B2 (en) 2016-11-15 2017-11-14 Production method using a vacuum sand casting mould
JP2017219133A JP7033891B2 (ja) 2016-11-15 2017-11-14 真空砂型による製造法
CN201711129503.9A CN108067607B (zh) 2016-11-15 2017-11-15 使用真空砂型铸模的制造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16198875.3A EP3320999B1 (fr) 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Procédé de fabrication à l'aide d'un moule de coulée au sable sous vide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3320999A1 true EP3320999A1 (fr) 2018-05-16
EP3320999B1 EP3320999B1 (fr) 2019-11-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16198875.3A Not-in-force EP3320999B1 (fr) 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Procédé de fabrication à l'aide d'un moule de coulée au sable sous vide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US10464123B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3320999B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7033891B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN108067607B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112008039A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-12-01 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 一种用于蜡模成型后的液冷装置
EP4205877A1 (fr) * 2021-12-29 2023-07-05 Fundación Azterlan Système d'extraction de gaz de fond pour la fabrication de composants en acier moulés à contenu d'inclusion réduit

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019209047B4 (de) * 2019-06-21 2021-09-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Gussform und mit dem Verfahren hergestellte Gussform
CN110202121B (zh) * 2019-07-15 2020-08-04 上海交通大学 利用双冷却条件获得细小二次枝晶臂间距的合金铸造方法
CN117564218B (zh) * 2024-01-15 2024-03-19 河北代氏科技有限公司 一种消失模模具

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4222429A (en) 1979-06-05 1980-09-16 Foundry Management, Inc. Foundry process including heat treating of produced castings in formation sand
JPS5785636A (en) * 1980-11-17 1982-05-28 Hitachi Ltd Cooling method for reduced pressure molding mold
JPS6277148A (ja) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-09 Toyota Motor Corp 急冷凝固フルモ−ルド鋳造法及び装置
JPH0484662A (ja) * 1990-07-27 1992-03-17 Endo Jushi Mold:Kk 鋳造冷却方法
US7121318B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2006-10-17 Alotech Ltd. Llc Lost pattern mold removal casting method and apparatus
EP1731242A1 (fr) * 2004-04-01 2006-12-13 Sintokogio, Ltd. Procede et dispositif pour verser du metal en fusion dans le moulage et le coulage sous vide
US7216691B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2007-05-15 Alotech Ltd. Llc Mold-removal casting method and apparatus
DE112006000627T5 (de) 2005-03-16 2008-04-10 Tenedora Nemak, S.A. De C.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur verbesserten Wärmeabfuhr aus Aluminiumgussstücken für eine gerichtete Erstarrung

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3240808A1 (de) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-10 Buderus Ag, 6330 Wetzlar Verfahren zur gesteuerten gussstueckabkuehlung in sandformen, insbesondere von vakuumverdichteten sandformen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
AU2003272624A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2004-04-08 Alotech Ltd. Llc Lost pattern mold removal casting method and apparatus
JP5124163B2 (ja) 2007-04-19 2013-01-23 独立行政法人国立高等専門学校機構 鋳造装置
CN101850414A (zh) * 2009-04-02 2010-10-06 河南省矿发起重机有限公司 真空负压模型铸造

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4222429A (en) 1979-06-05 1980-09-16 Foundry Management, Inc. Foundry process including heat treating of produced castings in formation sand
JPS5785636A (en) * 1980-11-17 1982-05-28 Hitachi Ltd Cooling method for reduced pressure molding mold
JPS6277148A (ja) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-09 Toyota Motor Corp 急冷凝固フルモ−ルド鋳造法及び装置
JPH0484662A (ja) * 1990-07-27 1992-03-17 Endo Jushi Mold:Kk 鋳造冷却方法
US7216691B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2007-05-15 Alotech Ltd. Llc Mold-removal casting method and apparatus
US7121318B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2006-10-17 Alotech Ltd. Llc Lost pattern mold removal casting method and apparatus
EP1731242A1 (fr) * 2004-04-01 2006-12-13 Sintokogio, Ltd. Procede et dispositif pour verser du metal en fusion dans le moulage et le coulage sous vide
DE112006000627T5 (de) 2005-03-16 2008-04-10 Tenedora Nemak, S.A. De C.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur verbesserten Wärmeabfuhr aus Aluminiumgussstücken für eine gerichtete Erstarrung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112008039A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-12-01 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 一种用于蜡模成型后的液冷装置
CN112008039B (zh) * 2020-08-26 2024-06-04 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 一种用于蜡模成型后的液冷装置
EP4205877A1 (fr) * 2021-12-29 2023-07-05 Fundación Azterlan Système d'extraction de gaz de fond pour la fabrication de composants en acier moulés à contenu d'inclusion réduit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10464123B2 (en) 2019-11-05
US20180133783A1 (en) 2018-05-17
CN108067607B (zh) 2021-06-22
EP3320999B1 (fr) 2019-11-13
JP2018079509A (ja) 2018-05-24
CN108067607A (zh) 2018-05-25
JP7033891B2 (ja) 2022-03-11

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