EP1354651B1 - Elément de construction allégé comprenant une mousse métallique ainsi que procédé et installation pour sa fabrication - Google Patents
Elément de construction allégé comprenant une mousse métallique ainsi que procédé et installation pour sa fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1354651B1 EP1354651B1 EP03450095A EP03450095A EP1354651B1 EP 1354651 B1 EP1354651 B1 EP 1354651B1 EP 03450095 A EP03450095 A EP 03450095A EP 03450095 A EP03450095 A EP 03450095A EP 1354651 B1 EP1354651 B1 EP 1354651B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- core
- metal
- surface layer
- casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
- B22D25/005—Casting metal foams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
- B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
- B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
- C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
- C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/086—Gas foaming process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2204/00—End product comprising different layers, coatings or parts of cermet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12479—Porous [e.g., foamed, spongy, cracked, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
Definitions
- melt is introduced only in the interior of the mold, thereby displacing the air.
- the casting mold according to the invention has a temperature below the liquidus temperature of the foamable alloy, liquid metal solidifies on the inner wall and in the small-sized openings of the mold and a dense surface layer is formed. The layer formation is dependent on the time as well as the mold and melt temperature and it can be by controlling these parameters a desired thickness of the core surface layer easily controlled or adjusted.
- Lightweight components with different thicknesses of the outer wall body can also be used very efficiently as parts with a high capacity for taking up a deformation energy. These parts can easily be formed in such a way that their beginning of deformation is desired to be compressed. and pressure direction dependent occurs.
- FIG. 2 an assembly of a mold 21 is shown with an insertion opening 211, wherein mold parts 21 ', 21 "as side parts in the direction X or X' and a G manformkopfteil 21"'with a gas outlet opening 212 in the direction Y' merged and clamped together.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Claims (10)
- Procédé de fabrication d'un composant léger qui présente un corps métallique de paroi extérieure au moins partiellement fermé et une partie intérieure constituée de mousse métallique, dans lequel, dans une première étape, on prépare par pyrométallurgie une pièce de noyau qui présente une couche de surface étanche à laquelle une partie intérieure de noyau moussée qui remplit la pièce de noyau est reliée métalliquement, suite à quoi, dans une deuxième étape, la pièce de noyau est placée dans un moule de coulée et est ensuite englobée dans du métal fondu qu'on laisse se solidifier pour former le corps de paroi extérieure, ce qui produit une liaison en correspondance géométrique et/ou métallique entre la couche étanche de surface de noyau et le corps de paroi extérieure,
caractérisé en ce que
dans la première étape du procédé, à savoir l'étape de préparation du noyau, on amène et/ou on maintient la partie du moule de coulée qui est située le plus haut dans le sens vertical et qui est dotée d'une ouverture d'introduction et d'au moins une ouverture de petit format à une température inférieure à la température de liquidus d'un alliage moussable et en ce qu'on la relie de manière étanche au métal liquide à une pièce de versage ou de remplissage en forme de tube ou d'entonnoir, éventuellement chauffée, qui s'enfonce dans cet alliage fondu, suite à quoi on refoule et extrait l'air du moule de coulée en déplaçant vers le haut le ménisque ou le niveau de métal fondu liquide par l'ouverture d'introduction jusqu'aux ouvertures de petit format situées le plus haut sur le moule de coulée et on forme sur la totalité de la surface intérieure du moule de coulée une couche superficielle étanche et solidifiée du noyau, d'épaisseur souhaitée, la partie centrale du métal liquide en est refoulée par apport de bulles de gaz qui se rassemblent en une mousse métallique et la solidification de la pièce intérieure moussée du noyau est réalisée en extrayant la chaleur du système de manière contrôlée pour former une pièce de noyau composite. - Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de noyau est constituée d'un métal moussable ou d'un alliage métallique moussable, éventuellement à résistance mécanique accrue, et le corps de paroi extérieure d'un matériau métallique différent du premier, de préférence un alliage plus tenace de métaux légers.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 ou 2,
caractérisé en ce que le moule de coulée est formé de plusieurs pièces qui présentent entre elles des interstices d'adaptation perméables au gaz et en ce que son ouverture d'introduction est reliée à la pièce de versage ou de remplissage, le bain de fusion qui remonte dans les interstices et qui pénètre dans les ouvertures de petit format pour s'y solidifier exerçant un effet d'étanchéité, ce qui permet d'obtenir une couche continue de surface de noyau. - Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les bulles de gaz qui refoulent la partie métallique liquide de la couche superficielle du noyau sont formées dans le bain de fusion à une taille essentiellement uniforme qui dépend de la teneur en particules et en particulier de la teneur en SiC, à une distance d'au moins 20 mm ou davantage de l'ouverture d'introduction dans le moule de coulée, et en ce qu'on les laisse remonter.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le corps métallique de paroi extérieure est fabriqué par un procédé de moulage sous pression et en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche superficielle du noyau est ajustée par l'intermédiaire de la taille des bulles de moussage de la pièce intérieure du noyau, de la pression prévue du métal liquide et de la température de coulée au cours de l'opération de moulage sous pression.
- Dispositif de fabrication d'un composant léger (1) qui présente un corps métallique (12) de paroi extérieure au moins partiellement fermée et une partie intérieure (13) constituée d'une mousse métallique dotée d'une couche superficielle étanche (14) de noyau, le dispositif étant constitué d'un dispositif (2) de fabrication de noyau et d'un dispositif (3) de coulée sous pression de la paroi extérieure,
caractérisé en ce que
le dispositif (2) de fabrication du noyau est formé essentiellement d'un moule de coulée (21) qui présente une ouverture d'introduction (211) dans son fond et au moins une ouverture d'évacuation (212) dans la partie du moule située le plus haut dans le sens vertical, éventuellement un moyen de fermeture (214) de l'ouverture d'introduction (211) du moule de coulée (21), un bain de fusion (22) placé dans un récipient (23) de bain de fusion qui peut être rendu étanche et mis sous pression, une pièce de versage ou de remplissage (231) qui s'enfonce dans le bain de fusion (22) et un moyen de soufflage (24) d'un gaz en vue de la formation d'une mousse métallique. - Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le moule de coulée (21) est formé de plusieurs pièces (21', 21 " , 21"'), présente des interstices d'adaptation (213, 213') perméables au gaz et est relié à un moyen de fermeture (214) qui peut être déplacé par rapport au moule ou est relié de manière étanche au métal en fusion à la pièce (231) de versage ou de remplissage qui peut éventuellement être chauffée.
- Dispositif selon les revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen (24) d'introduction de gaz est disposé dans le fond de la paroi du récipient (23) à bain de fusion en dessous de la pièce (231) de versage ou de remplissage et présente des parties d'ajutage (241) qui s'enfonce dans le bain de fusion (22).
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le ménisque (221) du bain de fusion (22) présent dans la partie intérieure de la pièce (231) de versage ou de remplissage dans l'espace intérieur du moule de coulée (21) peut être amené jusqu'à la surface (222) du niveau extérieur de coulée sous l'action d'une pression de gaz.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de coulée sous pression de la paroi extérieure présente pour le maintien et le positionnement de la pièce de noyau (10) un moyen de serrage (31, 31') qui forme avec d'autres pièces (32', 32") de la paroi du moule un moule de coulée sous pression (32) sur lequel on peut placer un moyen d'introduction de matière en fusion, par exemple une tuyère (33) qui permet d'apporter (4) du métal de coulée.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200331319T SI1354651T1 (sl) | 2002-04-19 | 2003-04-17 | Lahek konstrukcijski element iz kovinske pene terpostopek in naprava za izdelavo le-tega |
AT03450095T ATE402772T1 (de) | 2002-04-19 | 2003-04-17 | Metallschaum enthaltender leichtbauteil, sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT6102002 | 2002-04-19 | ||
AT0061002A AT411970B (de) | 2002-04-19 | 2002-04-19 | Leichtbauteil, sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1354651A2 EP1354651A2 (fr) | 2003-10-22 |
EP1354651A3 EP1354651A3 (fr) | 2004-08-18 |
EP1354651B1 true EP1354651B1 (fr) | 2008-07-30 |
Family
ID=3677454
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03450095A Expired - Lifetime EP1354651B1 (fr) | 2002-04-19 | 2003-04-17 | Elément de construction allégé comprenant une mousse métallique ainsi que procédé et installation pour sa fabrication |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US7137433B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1354651B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2004025307A (fr) |
AT (2) | AT411970B (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2425826C (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ20031104A3 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE50310221D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2307890T3 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO337269B1 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT1354651E (fr) |
SI (1) | SI1354651T1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6808003B2 (en) * | 2001-08-07 | 2004-10-26 | Alcoa Inc. | Coextruded products of aluminum foam and skin material |
DE60305163T2 (de) | 2002-03-04 | 2007-02-22 | Cymat Corp., Mississauga | Abgedichteter propeller zum erzeugen von metallschaum und dazugehörendes system |
AT411768B (de) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-05-25 | Huette Klein Reichenbach Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von fliessfähigem metallschaum |
DE102004055833A1 (de) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-24 | Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag | Walze mit einer Füllung aus einem geschäumten Werkstoff insbesondere für eine Druckmaschine |
AT503824B1 (de) * | 2006-07-13 | 2009-07-15 | Huette Klein Reichenbach Gmbh | Metallformkörper und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
DE102006045267A1 (de) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-27 | Kurtz Gmbh | Gießvorrichtung zur Herstellung offenporiger Schaumstrukturen aus Metall, Metalllegierungen, Kunststoff oder Keramik mit oder ohne geschlossene Außenhülle |
US7968144B2 (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2011-06-28 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | System for applying a continuous surface layer on porous substructures of turbine airfoils |
HU227545B1 (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2011-08-29 | Bay Zoltan Alkalmazott Kutatasi Koezalapitvany | Method for producing metal foam |
WO2011013078A1 (fr) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-03 | Donald Roderick Macrae | Procédé et ensemble moule pour la soudure aluminothermique de rails, avec un moule ayant deux moules latéraux, une base et des moyens de réception |
US20120051898A1 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-03-01 | General Electric Company | Wind turbine component having a lightweight structure |
WO2013144881A2 (fr) | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-03 | Universidade Do Minho | Structure métallique légère et procédé de production respectif |
US9468118B1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-10-11 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Reinforced structural composite |
US9789534B2 (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2017-10-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Investment technique for solid mold casting of reticulated metal foams |
US9789536B2 (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2017-10-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Dual investment technique for solid mold casting of reticulated metal foams |
US9737930B2 (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2017-08-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Dual investment shelled solid mold casting of reticulated metal foams |
CN112122587A (zh) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-25 | 大连理工大学 | 一种金属泡沫材料-金属复合结构件及其制备方法 |
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US189779A (en) * | 1877-04-17 | Improvement in galvanic batteries | ||
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EP0210803B1 (fr) | 1985-07-19 | 1989-09-20 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology | Mousse métallique et procédé pour sa fabrication |
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NO311708B1 (no) * | 2000-02-25 | 2002-01-14 | Cymat Corp | Fremgangsmåte og utstyr for tildannelse av stöpte produkter |
DE10009008C1 (de) | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-13 | Bayern Freistaat | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbundstruktur mit einem Metallschaum-Kern |
DE10012890A1 (de) * | 2000-03-16 | 2001-09-27 | Porsche Ag | Mehrteiliges Fahrzeugrad |
DE10123899A1 (de) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-11-21 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallformteilen |
AT410104B (de) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-02-25 | Huette Klein Reichenbach Gmbh | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von metallschaum |
-
2002
- 2002-04-19 AT AT0061002A patent/AT411970B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-04-10 NO NO20031652A patent/NO337269B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-16 JP JP2003144140A patent/JP2004025307A/ja active Pending
- 2003-04-16 US US10/414,096 patent/US7137433B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-17 PT PT03450095T patent/PT1354651E/pt unknown
- 2003-04-17 SI SI200331319T patent/SI1354651T1/sl unknown
- 2003-04-17 DE DE50310221T patent/DE50310221D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-17 CA CA002425826A patent/CA2425826C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-17 ES ES03450095T patent/ES2307890T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-17 EP EP03450095A patent/EP1354651B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-17 AT AT03450095T patent/ATE402772T1/de active
- 2003-04-17 CZ CZ20031104A patent/CZ20031104A3/cs unknown
-
2005
- 2005-10-03 US US11/240,483 patent/US7135236B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2006
- 2006-01-19 US US11/334,500 patent/US7134477B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO20031652L (no) | 2003-10-20 |
NO20031652D0 (no) | 2003-04-10 |
CA2425826C (fr) | 2007-10-30 |
US7135236B2 (en) | 2006-11-14 |
JP2004025307A (ja) | 2004-01-29 |
US20060029826A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
EP1354651A3 (fr) | 2004-08-18 |
ES2307890T3 (es) | 2008-12-01 |
NO337269B1 (no) | 2016-02-29 |
AT411970B (de) | 2004-08-26 |
DE50310221D1 (de) | 2008-09-11 |
ATE402772T1 (de) | 2008-08-15 |
EP1354651A2 (fr) | 2003-10-22 |
US20060113056A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
US7134477B2 (en) | 2006-11-14 |
US7137433B2 (en) | 2006-11-21 |
CZ20031104A3 (cs) | 2003-12-17 |
SI1354651T1 (sl) | 2008-10-31 |
ATA6102002A (de) | 2004-01-15 |
PT1354651E (pt) | 2008-10-17 |
US20030198827A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
CA2425826A1 (fr) | 2003-10-19 |
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