Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
  • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
  • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
  • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
  • B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
  • F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
  • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
  • B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
  • B64D2041/005—Fuel cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
  • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
  • Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for the generation of hydrogen gas intended in particular for supplying a fuel cell mounted in an aircraft.
• the invention proposes, according to a first aspect, a device for generating gaseous dihydrogen, comprising:
• a second conveying compartment the first compartment surrounds the second compartment and being separated therefrom by a second wall
• a conveyor system is present in the second compartment and being configured to transport the hydrogen storage material of a entry of the second compartment communicating with the first compartment to an exit of the second compartment
• ⁇ a communication recovery media with the outlet of the second compartment and connected to the first and second walls, said support being configured to be moved in the first compartment, - a movement formatting system for operating the conveyor system as well as the movement of the recovery medium in the first compartment, and
• a heating system configured to heat the second compartment
• the invention advantageously makes it possible to provide a device for generating gaseous hydrogen that is particularly compact and light because of a particular arrangement in which the first and second compartments are placed in the same enclosure, the first compartment surrounding the second compartment and in which the used hydrogen storage material (ie having been transformed under the effect of heat in order to release the gaseous hydrogen) is recovered in this same enclosure.
• the solution proposed in the present invention thus makes it possible to very significantly reduce the size of the device with respect to a solution in which the hydrogen storage material, the conveying system and the used hydrogen storage material would each be present in a device. separate enclosure.
• the recovery medium is for recovering used hydrogen storage material.
• the recovery medium may, for example, be in the form of a recovery tray.
• the recovery medium may have a bottom having a non-planar shape, such as a concave or convex shape.
• the heating system may be configured to perform induction heating of the second compartment, and in particular of the conveyor system present in the second compartment.
• the heating system may be configured to provide resistive heating of the second compartment.
• the conveying system and the movement of the recovery support can be configured to be actuated by the same motor of the moving system.
• the movement system may comprise at least one motor configured to operate at least the conveying system via a magnetic coupling.
• Such an embodiment advantageously makes it possible to impart to the body an excellent seal with dihydrogen.
• the conveying system may be in the form of a conveying screw.
• a first edge of the recovery support can be connected to one of the first and second walls by a slide connection and a second edge of said support can be connected to the other of the first and second walls by a connection.
• helical and the first and second walls may be configured to be rotated relative to one another by the moving system to move the recovery medium along the longitudinal axis. of the first compartment.
• a first edge of the recovery support can be connected to the first wall by a slide connection and a second edge of said support can be connected to the second wall by a helical connection and the first and second walls can be configured to be rotated relative to each other by the moving system to move the recovery medium along the longitudinal axis of the first compartment.
• the motion system may be configured to rotate the first wall and the second wall may be configured to remain stationary.
• the present invention also provides a fuel cell system comprising:
• the present invention also relates to an aircraft equipped with a system as described above.
• the present invention also relates to a method for generating gaseous hydrogen using a device as described above in which a hydrogen storage material is present in the first compartment, the method comprising actuating the system for conveying the hydrogen storage material from the inlet of the second compartment to the outlet of the second compartment, the hydrogen storage material being during its transportation in the second compartment heated by the heating system for generating the gaseous hydrogen, the used hydrogen storage material being recovered by the recovery medium at the outlet of the second compartment.
• the hydrogen storage material may be in granular form.
• the present invention also relates to a method of supplying dihydrogen to a fuel cell comprising the generation of gaseous dihydrogen by implementing a process as described above and conveying the hydrogen gas thus generated to anode of a fuel cell.
• FIG. 1 represents a view in longitudinal section of an exemplary device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 represents a detail of the device of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 represents an example of a system according to the invention, and
• FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a variant according to the invention. Detailed description of embodiments
• FIG. 1 shows an example of a device 1 for generating gaseous hydrogen according to the invention.
• the device 1 comprises a body 2 delimiting an interior volume in which is present a first storage compartment 4 delimited laterally by a first wall 6.
• the body 2 extends along a longitudinal axis X and is delimited longitudinally by a wall bottom 17a and by a wall superior 17b.
• the body 2 further comprises a side wall 17c surrounding the first wall 6 and the first compartment 4.
• the axis X also constitutes the longitudinal axis of the first compartment 4.
• the first compartment 4 is delimited longitudinally by a bottom 5a of the first compartment and the upper wall 17b.
• a recovery medium for example in the form of a recovery tray 15 as illustrated, is present in the first compartment 4 and is configured to move along the longitudinal axis X of the first compartment 4 as will be detailed more low.
• the bottom of the recovery medium has a non-planar shape such as a concave or convex shape.
• a second conveying compartment 8 is present in the interior volume delimited by the body 2.
• the first compartment 4 surrounds the second compartment 8.
• the second compartment 8 extends along the longitudinal axis X of the first compartment 4.
• a wall 9 surrounds laterally the second compartment 8.
• the wall 9 has a helical thread on its side located on the side of the first compartment 4.
• the wall 9 has a first end located on the bottom side 5a of the first compartment 4.
• An inlet 13a of the second compartment 8 communicating with the first compartment 4 is located at this first end.
• the wall 9 has a second end located on the side of the upper wall 17b.
• An outlet 13b of the second compartment 8 communicating with the first compartment 4 and with the plate 15 is located at this second end.
• the first compartment 4 has a lower part 4a situated between the bottom 5a of the first compartment and the plate 15.
• a hydrogen storage material (not shown) is intended to be present in the lower part 4a of the first compartment 4.
• the part 4a of the first compartment communicates with the inlet 13a of the second compartment 8.
• the first compartment 4 has, in addition, an upper portion 4b located between the plate 15 and the upper wall 17b.
• the used hydrogen storage material (not shown) is intended to be present in the upper part 4b of the first compartment 4.
• the upper part 4b of the first compartment 4 communicates with the outlet 13b of the second compartment 8. As illustrated, the upper part 4b of the first compartment 4 is superimposed on the lower part 4a of the first compartment 4.
• the upper part 4b of the first compartment 4 is located above the part lower part 4a of the first compartment 4.
• the lower parts 4a and 4b of the first compartment 4 are offset along the longitudinal axis X of the first compartment 4.
• the plate 15 separates the lower part 4a of the first compartment 4 of the upper part 4b first compartment 4.
• the hydrogen storage material may be in granular form, for example in the form of a powder, beads or pellets.
• the hydrogen storage material may for example be borazane ("Ammonia borane").
• the hydrogen storage material may be in the form of hydrogen encapsulating beads, the wall of these beads being adapted to become permeable to hydrogen under the effect of heat.
• the wall of the beads may for example be silica.
• the conveying screw 11 may be hollow or solid core.
• the conveying screw 11 may or may not be variable pitch.
• the conveying screw 11 may be formed of a metallic material, for example a steel, capable of being heated by induction. As illustrated, the conveying screw 11 extends in the illustrated example along the longitudinal axis X.
• the conveying screw 11 is configured to transport the hydrogen storage material along the longitudinal axis X.
• the conveying screw 11 comprises a shaft 12 intended to be rotated about the longitudinal axis X by a movement system (not shown) which comprises one or more motors.
• the conveying screw 11 defines a helical spiral 11a enabling, during the rotation of the shaft 12, to transport the hydrogen storage material in the second compartment 8 along the longitudinal axis X.
• the shaft 12 of the conveying screw 11 passes through the bottom wall 17a at an orifice 19 and is connected to a motor of the movement system located outside the body 2.
• a sealing system such as a mechanical seal may be present at the orifice 19 in order to ensure the tightness with the hydrogen generated.
• the shaft 12 is configured to rotate the first wall 6. More precisely, the shaft 12 is configured to rotate the first wall 6 by means of a gear system comprising for example an internal gear wheel 20a cooperating with one or more external toothed wheels 20b.
• the internal gear 20a is located on the shaft 12 side and the outer gear or wheels 20b cooperate with the first wall 6.
• the gear system constitutes an epicyclic gear train comprising an internal gear wheel 20a and a plurality of gear wheels external 20b, the wall 6 itself being toothed.
• the gear system comprises a plurality of internal gear wheels, each of these internal gear wheels being connected to an external gear wheel. Therefore, when the moving system imposes on the shaft 12 a rotational movement, this rotational movement is transmitted through the gear system to the first wall 6.
• the same motor of the setting system movement thus makes it possible to actuate both the conveying system and the rotation of the first wall 6.
• the rotation of the first wall 6 makes it possible, in turn, to actuate the movement of the plate 15 in the first compartment 4.
• the plate 15 has a first edge 15a connected to the first wall 6 by a slide connection 16.
• the first wall 6 has a plurality of grooves extending along the axis X along which the plate 15 can slide.
• the plate 15 has a second edge 15b connected to the second wall 9 by a helical connection.
• the movement system is configured to rotate the shaft 12 which is configured to rotate the first wall 6.
• the second wall 9 and the side wall 17c of the body 2 remain fixed.
• the rotation of the first wall 6 about the longitudinal axis X causes the plate 15 to make a movement of translation along the longitudinal axis X combined with a rotational movement about the longitudinal axis X.
• the motion system comprises a first motor configured to actuate the conveying system and a second motor, distinct from the first, configured to actuate the rotation of the first wall and the movement of the recovery tray in the first compartment.
• the motion system may be configured to rotate the second wall around the X axis and the first wall can remain fixed.
• the device 1 further comprises a heating system configured to heat the second compartment 8.
• a heating system configured to heat the second compartment 8.
• the device 1 comprises an inductor 18 making it possible to induce heating of the conveying screw 11 and consequently of the second compartment 8.
• the inductor 18 extends along the axis longitudinal X.
• the inductor 18 surrounds the conveying screw 11.
• the inductor 18 is housed in the thickness of the wall 9 which is permeable to the electromagnetic field.
• the invention is however not limited to a heating system for heating the second compartment by induction. Indeed, it is alternatively possible to use a resistive heating to heat the second compartment. In the latter case, one or more heating resistive son may be present in the second compartment or near the latter.
• the hydrogen storage material is present in the lower part 4a of the first compartment 4, the upper part 4b of the first compartment 4 is devoid of used hydrogen storage material and, as illustrated in FIG. 15 is positioned at the outlet 13b of the second compartment 8 (high position).
• the movement system is then actuated to impose a rotation to the conveying screw 11 about the longitudinal axis X. Due to the rotation of the conveying screw 11, the hydrogen storage material present at the The inlet 13a of the second compartment 8 is transported to the outlet 13b of the second compartment 8. During its transport through the second compartment 8, the hydrogen storage material is heated by the heating system in order to release gaseous hydrogen.
• the rotation of the shaft 12 of the conveying screw 11 requires, simultaneously with the transport of the hydrogen storage material, the rotation of the first wall 6 around the axis. longitudinal X and therefore the movement of the recovery tray 15 downwards.
• the volume of the lower part 4a of the first compartment 4 decreases and the volume of the upper part 4b of the first compartment 4 increases.
• the sum of the volume of the lower part 4a and the volume of the upper part 4b is constant during the process of generating gaseous dihydrogen.
• the spent hydrogen storage material is recovered by the plate 15 at the outlet of the second compartment 8.
• the upper part 4b of the first compartment 4 fills up.
• the used hydrogen storage material and the lower part 4a of the first compartment is empty of hydrogen storage material.
• the hydrogen generated is evacuated through one or more discharge orifices (see orifice 29 in FIG. 3) present on the upper wall 17b.
• the device is opened by removing the upper wall 17b and the used hydrogen storage material is removed from the first compartment.
• the tray 15 is then removed and a load of hydrogen storage material is introduced into the first compartment for next use.
• the tray 15 is then repositioned in the first compartment and the device is closed by placing the upper wall 17b, the device thus being ready for a new use.
• FIG. 3 shows an example of a fuel cell system according to the invention.
• a fuel cell 30 comprises a cathode 32, an electrolyte 34 and an anode 36.
• the anode 36 communicates with the discharge orifice 29 present on the upper wall 17b of the device 1 via the channel 28.
• the generated hydrogen is conveyed through the channel 28 from the discharge orifice 29 towards the anode 36.
• a device for filtering the hydrogen and optionally an expander as well as a valve, for example an electrolyte. valve.
• the system according to the invention can advantageously be present in an aircraft, for example in order to feed different secondary systems of the aircraft (systems not ensuring the displacement of the aircraft) such as the ventilation system of the cabin, the kitchens in the aircraft or de-icing system of the aircraft.
• the system according to the invention may be present in an aircraft and may provide useful energy for the movement of the aircraft.
• the energy produced by said system may for example be used to carry out a driving phase and / or a flight phase.
• the system according to the invention can, in particular, be integrated with an electric propulsion aircraft.
• the system according to the invention can still be part of the auxiliary power unit of an aircraft.
• the implementation of the system according to the invention is advantageous insofar as it makes it possible to avoid the consumption of fossil fuel.
• FIG. 4 shows a variant embodiment in which the same motor M of the moving system is configured to actuate the conveying system and the movement of the recovery support via a magnetic coupling.
• the bottom wall 17'a is present between a first rotary magnetic element 25a and a second rotary magnetic element 25b.
• the first magnetic element 25a is present outside the body 2 and the second magnetic element 25b is present inside the body 2 and is connected to the shaft of the conveying screw 11. There is no mechanical contact between the first magnetic element 25a and the second magnetic element 25b.
• the motor M of the movement system imposes a rotation on the first element magnetic 25a.
• the second magnetic element 25b is rotated about the X axis (magnetic coupling), which has the effect of rotating the conveying screw 11 and thus actuating the conveying system .
• the rotation of the shaft of the conveying screw 11 also causes a gear system to rotate, comprising for example, as illustrated, an inner gear 20'a cooperating with one or more external gear wheels 20'b, the latter cooperating with the first wall 6, the wall 6 itself being toothed. Therefore, when the motion system imposes a rotational movement on the second magnetic member 25b, this rotational movement is transmitted through the gear system to the first wall 6, thereby actuating the movement. of the plate 15 in the first compartment 4.
• the first edge 15a of the plate 15 is connected to the first wall 6 by a slide connection 16 and the second edge 15b of the plate 15 is connected to the second wall 9 by a helical link 16a.
• the second wall 9 remains fixed during the rotation of the first wall 6.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Fuel Cell (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=54066078

Family Applications (1)

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• 2015
  • 2015-06-30 FR FR1556116A patent/FR3038454B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-06-28 WO PCT/FR2016/051586 patent/WO2017001756A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-06-28 EP EP16750895.1A patent/EP3317225A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-06-28 US US15/738,698 patent/US10608270B2/en active Active
  • 2016-06-28 CN CN201680035944.XA patent/CN107922185A/zh active Pending
  • 2016-06-28 CA CA2990175A patent/CA2990175A1/fr not_active Abandoned

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