EP3312172A1 - Aminopyrazolderivate - Google Patents

Aminopyrazolderivate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3312172A1
EP3312172A1 EP16811735.6A EP16811735A EP3312172A1 EP 3312172 A1 EP3312172 A1 EP 3312172A1 EP 16811735 A EP16811735 A EP 16811735A EP 3312172 A1 EP3312172 A1 EP 3312172A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
alkyl
optionally substituted
amino
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16811735.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3312172B1 (de
EP3312172A4 (de
Inventor
Hirosato Ebiike
Toshihiro Aoki
Takashi Chiba
Masami Kochi
Kimitaka NAKAMA
Satoshi Niizuma
Hiroki Nishii
Jun Ohwada
Hiroyuki Shimamura
Aiko SUGE
Yoshito Nakanishi
Natsuki Kobayashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
F Hoffmann La Roche AG
Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
F Hoffmann La Roche AG
Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Publication of EP3312172A1 publication Critical patent/EP3312172A1/de
Publication of EP3312172A4 publication Critical patent/EP3312172A4/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4155—1,2-Diazoles non condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
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    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4178—1,3-Diazoles not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4188—1,3-Diazoles condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. biotin, sorbinil
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    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/42—Oxazoles
    • A61K31/422—Oxazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
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    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/425—Thiazoles
    • A61K31/427—Thiazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
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    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/433—Thidiazoles
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    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/438—The ring being spiro-condensed with carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring systems
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    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
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    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/454—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone
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    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4545—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a six-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pipamperone, anabasine
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    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
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    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/4995—Pyrazines or piperazines forming part of bridged ring systems
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    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
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    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
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    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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    • C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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    • C07D491/107—Spiro-condensed systems with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring
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    • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D513/10—Spiro-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to aminopyrazole derivatives and uses thereof.
  • Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide, and 7.9 million people died from cancer, accounting for 13% of the total deaths in 2007. With the increase in the aging population worldwide, the number of cancer patients is expected to increase. As reported by the World Health Organization, it is estimated that 13 million people will die from cancer in 2030. In recent years, many molecular targeted drugs against specific molecules as therapeutic targets have been developed, some of which have been confirmed to be clinically effective in prolonging the survival time of patients. Examples of such drugs include tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, erlotinib, and trastuzumab.
  • molecular targeted drugs will be effective against cancers that are aberrantly activated by amplification, mutation, and translocation of target genes, overexpression of target proteins, and the like. Conversely, these molecularly targeted drugs presumably cannot treat patients with cancers caused by genes that are not targeted by the drugs, and it is desirable to develop novel pharmaceutical agents for patients for whom existing pharmaceutical agents are not effective.
  • the Src kinase family is a family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, and is composed of Src, Fyn, Yes1, Lck, Lyn, Hck, Fgr, and Blk.
  • the Src kinase family interacts with, for example, receptors such as receptor tyrosine kinases and membrane proteins such as integrins, and carries out various signal transductions such as cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and angiogenesis (Non-patent Document 1).
  • the Src kinase family is known to be overexpressed in various types of cancers, and it is known to be associated with cancer malignancy and survival (Non-patent Document 2).
  • Src family kinase inhibitors such as dasatinib and bosutinib have been developed.
  • existing Src family kinase inhibitors do not show a sufficient effect clinically as Src family kinase inhibitors due to their poor kinase selectivity (Non-patent Document 3). Accordingly, more selective and potent Src family kinase inhibitors are desired.
  • An objective of the present invention is to provide low-molecular-weight compounds that can inhibit Src family kinases.
  • the present invention includes:
  • the compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof of the present invention have a Src family kinase inhibitory effect in cancer tissues.
  • the compounds of the present invention have a Src family kinase inhibitory effect more selective and potent than those of existing Src family kinase inhibitors and can prevent and/or treat cancer.
  • the present invention relates to aminopyrazole derivatives and uses thereof.
  • the present inventors have synthesized the compounds represented by the formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or their isomers for the first time and have found that the compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or their isomers have a Src family kinase inhibitory effect.
  • alkyl herein refers to a monovalent group derived by removing any one hydrogen atom from an aliphatic hydrocarbon, and has a subset of hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbon group structures not containing a heteroatom or an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond but containing hydrogen and carbon atoms in its backbone.
  • the alkyl includes linear and branched structures.
  • Preferred examples of the alkyl include alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C 1-6 ; hereinafter, "C p-q " means that the number of carbon atoms is p to q), C 1-5 alkyl, C 1-4 alkyl, and C 1-3 alkyl.
  • alkyl examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, 2,3-dimethylpropyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, and hexyl.
  • alkenyl herein refers to a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one double bond (two adjacent SP2 carbon atoms) and includes linear and branched ones. Depending on the configuration of the double bond and the substituent (if present), the geometric form of the double bond can be an Eagle ( E ) or zuzammen ( Z ) configuration or a cis or trans configuration.
  • Examples of the alkenyl preferably include C 2-6 alkenyl, more preferably C 2-5 alkenyl, and still more preferably C 2-4 alkenyl.
  • alkenyl examples include vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl (including cis and trans ), 3-butenyl, pentenyl, and hexenyl.
  • alkynyl herein refers to a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one triple bond (two adjacent SP carbon atoms) and includes linear and branched ones. Examples preferably include C 2-6 alkynyl, more preferably C 2-5 alkynyl, and still more preferably C 2-4 alkynyl.
  • alkynyl examples include ethynyl, 1-propynyl, propargyl, 3-butynyl, pentynyl, and hexynyl.
  • the alkenyl or alkynyl can have one, two or more double bonds or triple bonds, respectively.
  • cycloalkyl herein refers to a saturated or partially saturated cyclic monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group and includes single rings, bicyclo rings, and spiro rings. Preferred examples of the cycloalkyl include C 3-6 cycloalkyl. Specific examples of the cycloalkyl include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
  • halogen atom herein refers to a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom.
  • haloalkyl herein refers to one in which any one or more hydrogen atom(s) of the above-mentioned alkyl is replaced by a halogen atom(s) and includes linear or branched structures. Examples include halo-C 1-6 alkyl.
  • hydroxyalkyl herein refers to one in which any one or more hydrogen atom(s) of the above-mentioned alkyl is replaced by a hydroxyl group(s) and includes linear or branched structures. Examples include monohydroxy-C 1-6 alkyl and dihydroxy-C 1-6 alkyl.
  • aminoalkyl herein refers to one in which any one or more hydrogen atom(s) of the above-mentioned alkyl is replaced by amino and includes linear or branched structures. Examples include C 1-6 aminoalkyl.
  • alkoxy herein refers to an oxy group to which the above-defined “alkyl” is bonded and preferably includes C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-4 alkoxy, and C 1-3 alkoxy. Specific examples of the alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy, 1-propoxy, 2-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, sec-butoxy, and tert-butoxy.
  • alkoxyalkyl herein refers to one in which any one or more hydrogen atom(s) of the above-mentioned alkyl is replaced by alkoxy and includes linear or branched structures. Examples include C 1-6 alkoxy-C 1-6 alkyl.
  • haloalkoxy herein refers to one in which any one or more hydrogen atom(s) of an alkyl of the above-defined “alkoxy” is replaced by a halogen atom(s), and includes linear or branched structures. Examples include halo-C 1-6 alkoxy.
  • acyl herein refers to carbonyl to which the above-mentioned alkyl is bonded (i.e., alkyl-CO-) and includes linear or branched structures. Examples include C 1-6 acyl.
  • alkylcarbonyl herein refers to carbonyl to which the above-mentioned alkyl is bonded (i.e., alkyl-CO-) and includes linear or branched structures. Examples include C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl.
  • aryl herein refers to a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring.
  • the aryl may be monocyclic or a condensed-ring.
  • the number of carbon atoms constituting the ring is preferably 6 to 10 (C 6-10 aryl).
  • aryl examples include phenyl and naphthalene.
  • the "arylene” herein is a divalent group derived by removing any one hydrogen atom from the above-mentioned aryl.
  • the arylene ring may be monocyclic or condensed-ring.
  • the number of atoms constituting the ring is preferably 6 to 10 (C 6-10 arylene).
  • arylene examples include phenylene and divalent naphthalene.
  • arylalkyl herein refers to a group in which any hydrogen atom in the above-defined “alkyl” is replaced by the above-defined “aryl.”
  • Preferred examples of the arylalkyl include C 6-10 aryl-C 1-4 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl-C 1-3 alkyl. Specific examples include benzyl, phenethyl, and naphthylmethyl.
  • heterocyclyl herein refers to a non-aromatic monovalent heterocycle containing preferably 1 to 5 heteroatoms in the ring-forming atoms.
  • the heterocycle may have a double bond and/or a triple bond in the ring, carbon atom(s) in the ring may be oxidized to form carbonyl, and the heterocycle may be monocyclic or condensed-ring.
  • the number of atoms constituting the ring is preferably 4 to 10 (4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), and more preferably 4 to 6 (4- to 6-membered heterocyclyl).
  • heterocyclyl examples include azetidinyl, oxetanyl, dihydrofuryl, tetrahydrofuryl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydropyridyl, tetrahydropyrimidyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, 1,2-thiazinane, thiadiazolidinyl, azetidinyl, oxazolidone, benzodioxanyl, benzoxazolyl, dioxolanyl, dioxanyl, tetrahydropyrrole[1,2-c]imidazo
  • heteroaryl herein refers to an aromatic monovalent heterocycle containing preferably 1 to 5 heteroatoms in the ring-forming atoms.
  • the heteroaryl may be partially saturated, and may be monocyclic or a condensed-ring (for example, bicyclic heteroaryl in which an aryl ring is condensed with a heteroaryl ring).
  • the number of atoms constituting the ring is preferably 5 to 10 (5- to 10-membered heteroaryl).
  • heteroaryl examples include furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, azaindolyl, indazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzodioxolyl, indolizinyl
  • heteroarylene herein refers to a divalent group derived by removing any one hydrogen atom from the heteroaryl.
  • the heteroarylene may be partially saturated, and may be monocyclic or a condensed-ring (for example, bicyclic heteroarylene in which an aryl ring is condensed with a heteroaryl ring).
  • the number of atoms constituting the ring is preferably 5 to 10 (5- to 10-membered heteroarylene).
  • Examples include pyridylene.
  • heteroatom herein refers to a nitrogen atom (N), an oxygen atom (O), or a sulfur atom (S).
  • amino herein refers to a group represented by NH 2 .
  • the "carboxylic amide” herein refers to a group represented by CONH 2 .
  • the "monoalkylamino" herein refers to amino to which one "alkyl” defined above is bonded. Preferred examples of the monoalkylamino include mono-C 1-6 alkylamino.
  • dialkylamino herein refers to amino to which two "alkyl” defined above are bonded, where the alkyls may be identical or different. Preferred examples of the dialkylamino include di-C 1-6 alkylamino.
  • alkylsulfonyl herein refers to sulfonyl to which the "alkyl” defined above is bonded ( i.e., alkyl-SO 2 -).
  • Preferred examples of the alkylsulfonyl include C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl and C 1-3 alkylsulfonyl, and methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, i-propylsulfonyl and such are specifically included.
  • sulfamide herein refers to a group in which an alkyl of the above-described alkylsulfonyl is replaced by amino and includes linear or branched structures.
  • cycloalkylsulfonyl herein refers to sulfonyl to which the "cycloalkyl” defined above is bonded ( i.e., cycloalkyl-SO 2 -).
  • Preferred examples of the cycloalkylsulfonyl include C 3-6 cycloalkylsulfonyl and C 3-5 cycloalkylsulfonyl, and cyclopropylsulfonyl, cyclobutylsulfonyl, cyclopentylsulfonyl, cyclohexylsulfonyl and such are specifically included.
  • heteroarylsulfonyl herein refers to sulfonyl to which the "heteroaryl” defined above is bonded ( i.e., alkyl-SO 2 -).
  • arylsulfonyl herein refers to sulfonyl to which the "aryl” defined above is bonded (i.e., aryl-SO 2 -).
  • Preferred examples of the arylsulfonyl include C 6-10 arylsulfonyl and C 6 arylsulfonyl, and phenylsulfonyl and such are specifically included.
  • arylalkylsulfonyl herein refers to sulfonyl to which the "arylalkyl” defined above is bonded ( i.e., arylalkyl-SO 2 -).
  • Preferred examples of the arylalkylsulfonyl include C 6-10 aryl-C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl.
  • heterocyclylcarbonyl herein refers to carbonyl to which the heterocyclyl is bonded (i.e., heterocyclyl-CO-). Examples include 4- to 10-membered heterocyclylcarbonyl and 4- to 6-membered heterocyclylcarbonyl.
  • alkyloxycarbonyl herein refers to carbonyl to which the "alkoxy” defined above is bonded (i.e., alkoxy-C(O)-).
  • Examples of the carbonyl to which C 1-6 alkoxy is bonded include C 1-6 alkyloxycarbonyl.
  • aminoalkylcarbonyl herein refers to carbonyl to which the "aminoalkyl” defined above is bonded (i.e., aminoalkyl-C(O)-).
  • Examples of the carbonyl to which C 1-6 aminoalkyl is bonded include amino-C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl.
  • salts include inorganic acid salts, organic acid salts, inorganic base salts, organic base salts, and acidic or basic amino acid salts.
  • Preferred examples of the inorganic acid salts include hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, hydroiodides, phosphates, and sulfates.
  • Preferred examples of the organic acid salts include acetates, succinates, fumarates, malates, benzoates, and 4-toluenesulfonates.
  • Preferred examples of the inorganic base salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts and magnesium salts, aluminum salts, and ammonium salts.
  • Preferred examples of the organic base salts include diethylamine salts, diethanolamine salts, meglumine salts, and N,N-dibenzylethylenediamine salts.
  • Preferred examples of the acidic amino acid salts include aspartates and glutamates.
  • Preferred examples of the basic amino acid salts include arginine salts, lysine salts, and ornithine salts.
  • the compounds according to the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof include, depending on the type of substituent(s), possible stereoisomers, tautomers, or atropisomers (isomers that can be separated due to restricted rotation).
  • the compounds of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may form hydrates by absorbing moisture or adsorbing water when left in the atmosphere. Such hydrates are also included in the salts of the present invention.
  • the compounds according to the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof include crystalline polymorphs and solvates.
  • Crystalline polymorphs refer to different crystalline forms.
  • Solvates refer to hydrates of compounds formed when, for example, they are left in the atmosphere to absorb moisture, or crystals of compounds formed while they incorporate solvents or the like used in synthesizing them. Solvents incorporated into a crystal are one to multiple solvents per one compound molecule, or multiple compound molecules per one solvent molecule are incorporated. Solvates which simultaneously incorporate multiple types of solvents are also included.
  • the compounds according to the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof include their prodrugs.
  • Prodrugs are derivatives of the compounds of the present invention which have chemically or metabolically decomposable groups and are converted back to the original compounds after administration in vivo to exhibit their original efficacy, and include complexes not formed with covalent bonds, and salts.
  • the compounds according to the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof include those in which one or more atoms in the molecule are preferentially replaced by isotopes whose abundance ratio in nature is small.
  • isotopes refer to atoms identical in atomic number (proton number) but different in mass number (sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons).
  • Examples of the atoms contained in the compounds of the present invention to be replaced by isotopes include a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a phosphorus atom, a sulfur atom, a fluorine atom, and a chlorine atom.
  • Such isotopes include 2 H, 3 H, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 17 O, 18 O, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, and 36 Cl.
  • radioisotopes that decay by emitting radioactivity such as 3 H and 14 C, are useful in tissue distribution tests or the like for the compounds of the present invention.
  • Stable isotopes not generating radioactivity do not change their abundance ratio because they do not decay, and such isotopes are also safe and easy to handle because they do not emit radioactivity.
  • the substituents in which compounds of the present invention are substituted with isotope atoms can be synthesized according to conventional methods by replacing a reagent used for synthesis with a reagent containing a corresponding isotope atom.
  • the compounds represented by the formula (I) according to the present invention are preferably as follows.
  • Ar 1 preferably includes 6-membered heteroaryl or 6-membered aryl, and more preferably pyridylene or phenylene.
  • the aminopyrazole ring and Ar 2 -O- (i.e., the group excluding the substituent selected from Group R) which are bonded to Ar 1 to form the backbone may be bonded to Ar 1 at the ortho, meta, or para position.
  • the aminopyrazole ring and Ar 2 -O- are preferably bonded to Ar 1 at the para position.
  • Ar 2 preferably includes 6-membered heteroaryl or 6-membered aryl.
  • 6-membered heteroaryl preferably includes pyridyl.
  • 6-membered aryl preferably includes phenyl.
  • Group R preferably includes a halogen atom, C 1-6 alkyl, and C 1-6 alkoxy, and more preferably a halogen atom and C 1-6 alkyl.
  • Such specific compounds of the present invention include, for example, the following compounds; however, the scope of the present invention is not to be construed as being limited to these compounds.
  • the numbers within parentheses represent Example Nos.
  • Such compounds of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are useful as compounds having an existing Src family kinase inhibitory effect and are useful for preventing and/or treating cancer.
  • cancers examples include blood cancer and solid cancer, and preferably include esophageal cancer, lung cancer, and bile duct cancer.
  • the compounds according to the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or their isomers can be formulated by conventional methods into tablets, powders, fine granules, granules, coated tablets, capsules, syrups, troches, inhalations, suppositories, injections, ointments, ophthalmic ointments, ophthalmic preparations, nasal preparations, ear preparations, cataplasms, lotions, and the like.
  • excipients can be used for formulation, and they are blended with ingredients commonly used as raw materials of pharmaceutical preparations and formulated by conventional methods.
  • oral preparations are manufactured by adding excipients and as necessary, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, colorants, correctives, and the like to the compounds according to the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or their isomers, and then formulating them into powders, fine granules, granules, tablets, coated tablets, capsules, and the like by conventional methods.
  • these ingredients include animal and vegetable oils such as soybean oil, beef tallow, and synthetic glyceride; hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin, squalane, and solid paraffin; ester oils such as octyldodecyl myristate and isopropyl myristate; higher alcohols such as cetostearyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol; silicone resin; silicone oil; surfactants such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, and a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer; water-soluble polymers such as hydroxyethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid, a carboxyvinyl polymer, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and methylcellulose; lower alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol; polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol
  • excipients examples include lactose, corn starch, white soft sugar, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol, microcrystalline cellulose, and silicon dioxide.
  • binders include polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl ether, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, acacia, tragacanth, gelatin, shellac, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, a polypropylene glycol-polyoxyethylene block polymer, and meglumine.
  • disintegrants examples include starch, agar, gelatin powder, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium citrate, dextrin, pectin, and carboxymethylcellulose calcium.
  • lubricants examples include magnesium stearate, talc, polyethylene glycol, silica, and hydrogenated vegetable oil.
  • Colorants used are those approved as additives to pharmaceuticals. Correctives used are cocoa powder, peppermint camphor, empasm, mentha oil, borneol, powdered cinnamon bark, and the like.
  • Liquid preparations such as syrups and injectable preparations are manufactured by adding pH adjusters, solubilizers, tonicity adjusting agents, and the like, and as necessary, solubilizing agents, stabilizers, and the like to the compounds according to the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and formulating them by conventional methods.
  • the method of manufacturing external preparations is not limited, and they can be manufactured by conventional methods.
  • various raw materials commonly used for pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, cosmetics, and the like can be used as base ingredients for formulation.
  • specific examples of the base ingredients used include raw materials such as animal and vegetable oils, mineral oils, ester oils, waxes, higher alcohols, fatty acids, silicone oil, surfactants, phospholipids, alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, water-soluble polymers, clay minerals, and purified water.
  • pH adjusters, antioxidants, chelating agents, preservatives and fungicides, colorants, flavors, and the like may be added as necessary.
  • the base ingredients for external preparations according to the present invention are not limited to these materials.
  • ingredients such as ingredients having a differentiation-inducing effect, blood flow promoters, bactericides, anti-inflammatory agents, cell activators, vitamins, amino acids, humectants, and keratolytic agents may also be blended as necessary.
  • the aforementioned base ingredients are added in an amount corresponding to the concentration usually chosen for the manufacture of external preparations.
  • the mode of administration of the compounds according to the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or their isomers is not particularly limited, and they may be orally or parenterally administered by methods commonly used.
  • they can be formulated into preparations such as tablets, powders, granules, capsules, syrups, troches, inhalations, suppositories, injections, ointments, ophthalmic ointments, ophthalmic preparations, nasal preparations, ear preparations, cataplasms, and lotions, and administered.
  • the dosage of the medicament according to the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the severity of the symptom, the age, the sex, the body weight, the mode of administration, the type of the salt, the specific type of the disease, and the like.
  • the dosage is usually about 0.03 to 1000 mg, preferably 0.1 to 500 mg, and more preferably 0.1 to 100 mg per day for adults, and is administered in one to several doses per day.
  • the dosage is usually about 1 ⁇ g/kg to 3000 ⁇ g/kg, preferably about 3 ⁇ g/kg to 1000 ⁇ g/kg.
  • raw material compounds and various reagents may form salts, hydrates, or solvates. They would vary according to the starting material, the solvent used, and the like, and are not particularly limited as long as they do not inhibit the reaction.
  • the solvent used also varies according to the starting material, the reagent, and the like, and is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material to a certain extent.
  • Various isomers e.g., geometric isomers, optical isomers based on asymmetric carbons, rotamers, stereoisomers, tautomers, and atropisomers
  • common separation means e.g., recrystallization, diastereomeric salt formation, enzymatic resolution, and various chromatography methods (e.g., thin-layer chromatography, column chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography).
  • the compounds according to the present invention When the compounds according to the present invention are obtained as free forms, they can be converted to salts that may be formed by the compounds or to solvates of the compounds according to conventional methods. When the compounds according to the present invention are obtained as salts or solvates of the compounds, they can be converted to free forms of the compounds according to conventional methods.
  • the compounds according to the present invention can be isolated and purified by applying common chemical operations such as extraction, concentration, evaporation, crystallization, filtration, recrystallization, and various chromatography methods.
  • Raw material compounds used in the preparation of the compounds of general formula [I] may be those commercially available, or may be those prepared by conventional methods as necessary.
  • Reagents used in the preparation may be those commercially available, or may be those prepared before use by conventional methods as necessary.
  • Solvents used in the preparation in particular, those used when handling compounds unstable to moisture, oxygen, or the like, may be commercially available dehydrated or degassed solvents, or may be solvents dehydrated or degassed by conventional methods as necessary.
  • the preparation is performed in a reaction system in which the internal atmosphere is replaced by an inert atmosphere, specifically, well-dried nitrogen or argon.
  • the preparation is performed by varying the temperature of the reaction system according to the properties and reactivity of compounds.
  • the optimum reaction temperature is from -100°C (cooled with liquid nitrogen) to a temperature near the boiling point of the solvent.
  • a reaction temperature which is the boiling point of the solvent or higher, for example, about 250°C to 300°C may be used in a reaction performed in a closed system such as a reaction using microwaves.
  • Protecting groups represent, for example, methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, methanesulfonyl, trifluoromethanesulfonyl, trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, triisopropylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, and tetrahydropyranyl.
  • the preparation can be carried out using means such as protection and deprotection of functional groups, when the defined groups are subjected to an undesirable chemical conversion under the conditions of the methods performed.
  • Examples of selection and detachment of the protecting group may include the methods described in Greene and Wuts, "Protective Groups in Organic Sythesis” (Fourth edition, Wiley, 2006 ), which may be appropriately used depending on the reaction conditions.
  • Substituent introduction and functional group conversion reactions can be carried out by, for example, the methods described in Smith and March, “March's Advanced Organic Chemistry", Seventh edition, Wiley, 2013 or Richard C. Larock, “Comprehensive Organic Transformations”, Second edition, Wiley, 2010 .
  • a ketonitrile compound of formula 2 can be obtained by the reaction of an ester compound of formula 1 with an acetonitrile anion produced by subjecting acetonitrile with a base.
  • the compound of formula 1 is commercially available or can be prepared by a method known in the art.
  • indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester is commercially available.
  • the compound of formula 1 can be prepared by heating a corresponding carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of an acid (such as sulfuric acid). It can also be prepared by reacting a corresponding carboxylic acid with a chlorinating agent such as thionyl chloride or oxalyl chloride in a solvent (such as dichloromethane or dimethylformamide) and then subjecting the prepared acid chloride with an alcohol (alkyl-OH) and a base (such as TEA or DIPEA).
  • the alcohol is a lower alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be linear or branched, and is preferably methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, or 1-propanol.
  • the compound of formula 2 can be prepared by a method known in the art. It can be prepared by treating acetonitrile with a base (such as LHMDS, LDA, or NaHMDS) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran) and reacting the produced acetonitrile anion with the compound of formula 1 obtained above.
  • a base such as LHMDS, LDA, or NaHMDS
  • a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran
  • PG protecting group
  • Examples of selection and detachment of the protecting group may include the methods described in Greene and Wuts, "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” (Fourth edition, Wiley, 2006 ), which may be appropriately used depending on the reaction conditions.
  • Arylsulfonyl groups (such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups), silyl groups (such as trimethylsilyl and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups), carbamoyl groups (such as Boc and Cbz groups), and the like can be used for protecting NH or OH groups.
  • a compound of formula 3 can be prepared by a method known in the art.
  • An enamine compound (formula 3) can be prepared by reacting the ketonitrile compound obtained above (formula 2) with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, or dimethylformamide, or a mixed solvent thereof).
  • a compound of formula 4 can be prepared by a method known in the art.
  • An enol ether compound (formula 4) can be prepared by reacting the ketonitrile compound of formula 2 obtained above with triethyl orthoformate in a solvent (such as acetic anhydride or acetonitrile) with heating.
  • the compound of general formula [I] can be prepared by a method known in the art. It can be prepared by reacting the enamine compound of formula 3 or the enol ether compound of formula 4 with an arylhydrazine compound of formula 5 in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, or ethanol) in the presence of a base (such as TEA or 4-methylmorpholine), or in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, or ethanol) in the absence of a base.
  • a solvent such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, or ethanol
  • the free form can be produced from an acid salt using a base (such as TEA or 4-methylmorpholine) and used for preparing the compound of general formula [I].
  • the protected arylhydrazine compound of formula 5 can also be used for preparing the compound of general formula [I] by reacting with the compound of formula 3 or 4 while producing a deprotected compound using an acid such as hydrochloric acid or methanesulfonic acid.
  • the acid salt of formula 5 is converted to a free form, or after the compound of formula 5 protected with a Boc group is deprotected with an acid and converted to an acid salt, it can be used for preparing the compound of general formula [I] following isolation or without isolation.
  • a protecting group (PG) can be used as necessary to prepare the target compound efficiently.
  • Arylsulfonyl groups such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups
  • silyl groups such as trimethylsilyl and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups
  • carbamoyl groups such as Boc and Cbz groups
  • the compound of general formula [I] can be prepared by derivatizing a ketonitrile compound (formula 2) obtained by using a compound of formula 1 in which an NH or OH group or the like is protected to an enamine compound (formula 3) or an enol ether compound (formula 4), then reacting it with a compound of formula 5 to form an aminopyrazole ring to obtain a protected compound of general formula [1], and subsequently deprotecting the resulting protected compound.
  • a ketonitrile compound (formula 2) obtained by using a compound of formula 1 in which an NH or OH group or the like is protected to an enamine compound (formula 3) or an enol ether compound (formula 4)
  • a compound of formula 1 can be prepared by introducing an alkoxycarbonyl group into a compound of formula 7 in which a protecting group is introduced into a commercially available indole by a method known in the art.
  • the compound of formula 1 into which an alkoxycarbonyl group (-CO 2 alkyl) is introduced can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 7 with a base (such as LDA or butyllithium) and then a carbonyl source (such as methyl chloroformate or ethyl chloroformate) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran).
  • a solvent such as methanol or ethanol
  • the compound of formula 9 as a raw material for the compound of formula 10 can be prepared from a commercially available compound of formula 8a by a method known in the art.
  • the compound of formula 9 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 8a to nitro group reduction reaction (a method using a reducing agent such as sodium hydrosulfite, zinc, or tin chloride, or a reduction reaction performed using a palladium catalyst or the like in a hydrogen atmosphere) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or tetrahydrofuran).
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or tetrahydrofuran.
  • the compound of formula 9 can be prepared both as a free form and as a salt of an appropriate acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid).
  • the compound of formula 9 can be prepared using an appropriate reagent as a nitrogen source, for example, tert-butyl carbamate or acetamide, in a solvent (such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, or 1,4-dioxane) in the presence of a catalyst (such as palladium acetate or copper iodide), a ligand (such as N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate), and a base (such as potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, or potassium phosphate).
  • a catalyst such as palladium acetate or copper iodide
  • a ligand such as N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or e
  • the compound of formula 10 (where each R 15 is independently H or Boc) can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 8b with an appropriate reagent as a hydrazine source, for example, tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-butyl hydrazodicarboxylate.
  • an appropriate reagent as a hydrazine source, for example, tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-butyl hydrazodicarboxylate.
  • a base such as isopropylmagnesium chloride or butyllithium
  • a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane
  • the compound of formula 10 where one or two R 15 (s) are a Boc group(s) can be prepared into an acid salt of formula 10 after removing the Boc group(s) with an appropriate acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid).
  • an appropriate acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid.
  • the compound of formula 10 can also be used for preparing the compound of formula 11 without removing the Boc group(s) in this step and removing the Boc group(s) in the reaction solution in the next step.
  • the compound of formula 11 can be prepared by subjecting a diazonium salt prepared from the compound of formula 9 with a compound of formula 13 by the method of Japp et al. (Chem. Ber., 20, 2942, 1887). Like the compound of formula 11 previously described, the obtained compound of formula 11 can obviously be used for preparing the compound of formula 1 by a method such as that of Fischer et al. (Chem. Ber., 19, 1563, 1886 ).
  • An ester compound of formula 1 can be prepared from a compound of formula 9 by a method known in the art.
  • a compound of formula 14 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 9 with an iodinating agent (such as iodine or N-iodosuccinimide) and, as necessary, a base (such as sodium bicarbonate or pyridine) in a solvent (such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, methanol, ethanol, or acetic acid).
  • an iodinating agent such as iodine or N-iodosuccinimide
  • a base such as sodium bicarbonate or pyridine
  • a solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, methanol, ethanol, or acetic acid.
  • a compound of formula 15 can be prepared from the compound of formula 14 by a method known in the art.
  • a compound of formula 16 can be prepared from the compound of formula 15 and a compound of formula 17 (such as methyl propiolate) by a method such as that of Peres et al. (J. Med. Chem., 52, 5826, 2009 ) or Paley et al. (J. Org. Chem., 74, 1611, 2009 ).
  • the compound of formula 1 can be prepared from the compound of formula 16 by a method such as that of Hiroya et al. (Org. Lett., 6, 2953, 2004 . Tetrahedron, 61, 12330, 2005 . J. Org. Chem., 69, 1126, 2004 ).
  • An ester compound of formula 1 can be prepared from a compound of formula 9.
  • the compound of formula 9 can be converted to a compound of formula 18 by treating with a halogenating agent (such as iodine, N-iodosuccinimide, bromine, or N-bromosuccinimide) and, as necessary, a base (such as sodium bicarbonate or pyridine) in a solvent (such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, methanol, ethanol, or acetic acid).
  • a halogenating agent such as iodine, N-iodosuccinimide, bromine, or N-bromosuccinimide
  • a base such as sodium bicarbonate or pyridine
  • a solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, methanol, ethanol, or acetic acid.
  • the ester compound of formula 1 can be prepared from the compound of formula 18
  • An ester compound of formula 1 can be prepared from a compound of formula 19 by a method such as that of Gore et al. (J. Med. Chem., 56, 3725, 2013 ) or Nicolaou et al. (Tetrahedron, 63, 6088, 2007 ).
  • the compound of formula 19 can be converted to a compound of formula 20 by treating with a compound of formula 21 in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, or dimethylformamide) in the presence of a base (such as sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, or sodium hydride).
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, or dimethylformamide
  • the ester compound of formula 1 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 20 to nitro group reduction reaction (a method using a reducing agent such as sodium hydrosulfite, zinc, or tin chloride, or a reduction reaction performed using a palladium catalyst or the like in a hydrogen atmosphere) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or water, or a mixed solvent thereof).
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or water, or a mixed solvent thereof.
  • An ester compound of formula 1 can be prepared from a compound of formula 22 by a method such as that of Knittel et al. (Synthesis, 186, 1985 ). It can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 22 with a 2-azidoacetate ester derivative in a solvent (such as methanol or ethanol) in the presence of a base (such as sodium methoxide), and then heating it in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, or xylene).
  • a solvent such as methanol or ethanol
  • a base such as sodium methoxide
  • the functional groups of R 1 and R 2 in an ester compound of formula 1 can be converted each independently or at the same time by a method known in the art.
  • the functional group conversion described below may be performed before forming an indole ring, after forming an indole ring, or after converting to the compound of general formula I.
  • a protecting group can be used as necessary to prepare the target compound efficiently.
  • Arylsulfonyl groups such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups
  • silyl groups such as trimethylsilyl and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups
  • carbamoyl groups such as Boc and Cbz groups
  • R 1 and R 2 are a carboxylic acid(s)
  • they can be esterified, amidated, or formylated by a method known in the art, and the ester, amide, or formyl group introduced here can be further subjected to functional group conversion.
  • R 1 and R 2 are an amino group(s)
  • they can be, for example, acylated, sulfonamidated, or sulfamidated by a method known in the art.
  • the amino group(s) can also be converted to a halogen group(s) by a method known in the art, for example, the method of Sandmeyer et al. (Chem. Ber., 17. 2650, 1884 ).
  • a functional group(s) can be introduced by forming a C-C bond using a boron derivative by the method of Suzuki et al. (Chemical Reviews, 95(7), 2457, 1995 ) or Molander et al. (Org. Lett., 393, 3, 2001 ).
  • Functional groups that can be introduced include aryl, alkyl, and piperidinyl groups, and corresponding commercially available boron derivatives can be used.
  • a functional group selected from Group Q can be further introduced into the functional group introduced here such as a piperidinyl group, by a method known in the art.
  • boron derivatives are not commercially available, boron derivatives can be prepared by methods known in the art, for example, the methods of Miyaura et al. (J. Org. Chem., 60, 7508, 1995 ), Hartwig et al. (Chemical Reviews, 110, 890, 2010 . Organic Synthesis, 82, 126, 2005 ), Vedejs et al. (J. Org. Chem., 3020, 60, 1995 ), and Chan et al. (Tetrahedron Lett., 44, 3863, 2003 ), and can be used for functional group conversion.
  • a functional group(s) can be introduced by forming an N-C bond using an amide derivative or an amine derivative by the method of Buchwald et al. (Organic Synthesis, 78, 23 ; Coll. Vol. 10: 423 ) or Freudenberg et al. (Chem. Ber., 88, 10, 1955 ).
  • Amide derivatives that can be introduced include acetamide, tert-butyl carbamate, isothiazoline 1,1-dioxide, morpholine-4-sulfonamide, and methanesulfonamide.
  • Functional groups introduced by those such as acetamide and tert-butyl carbamate can then be deprotected as appropriate and further converted by treating with sulfonyl chloride or the like.
  • a functional group(s) can be introduced by forming a C-S bond by a method such as that of Liu et al. (Tetrahedron, 66, 2119, 2010 ).
  • the introduced sulfur atom can be converted to a sulfoxide or sulfone by treatment with an oxidizing agent (such as oxone, 3-chloroperbenzoic acid, or hydrogen peroxide).
  • an oxidizing agent such as oxone, 3-chloroperbenzoic acid, or hydrogen peroxide.
  • a sulfide compound obtained by a method known in the art, for example, the method of Itoh et al. (Org. Lett., 6, 4587, 2004 ) can be converted to an SH group by cleavage, then converted to a sulfonyl chloride group, and further converted to a sulfonamide group or the like.
  • a functional group(s) can be introduced by forming a C-O bond by, for example, the method of Mitsunobu et al. (Synthesis, 1, 1981 ), Freudenberg et al. (Chem. Ber., 88, 10, 1955 ), or Williamson et al. (J. Chem. Soc., 4, 229, 1852 ).
  • Functional groups that can be introduced include alkyl, haloalkyl, and aminoalkyl groups.
  • R 1 and R 2 are a hydroxyl group(s)
  • the hydroxyl group(s) can also be converted to trifluoromethanesulfonamide by the method of Huth et al. (Tetrahedron, 45, 6679, 1989 ), and then used for the C-C bond or C-N bond formation reaction as described above using a transition metal catalyst such as Pd or Cu.
  • a transition metal catalyst such as Pd or Cu.
  • the boronic acid ester group can be converted to a cyano group, an alkyl group, an amino group (such as a piperazine group or a morpholine group), a halogen group, or the like by a method known in the art.
  • a functional group selected from Group Q can be further introduced into the functional group introduced here such as a piperazine group, by a method known in the art.
  • the compound of general formula I can be prepared from a previously described compound of formula 3 or 4 that can be prepared from a compound of formula 1, and a compound of formula 5 (arylhydrazine) by a method known in the art.
  • Ar 1 is C 6- 10 arylene or 5- to 10-membered heteroarylene
  • Ar 2 represents C 6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, where the Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently an arylhydrazine derivative that may have one or more substituents selected from Group R.
  • General preparation methods for the arylhydrazine derivative of formula 5 are described below.
  • An arylhydrazine derivative (formula 5) is commercially available or can be prepared by a method such as that of Freudenberg et al. (Chem. Ber., 88, 10, 1955 ) from a compound of formula 57 that can be prepared by a method known in the art.
  • a compound of formula 58 can be prepared by subjecting the commercially available compound of formula 57 with a compound of formula 59 in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) in the presence of a base (such as potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium phosphate, or cesium carbonate).
  • the halogen group in formula 59 refers to, for example, fluorine, chlorine, or bromine, and is preferably fluorine or chlorine.
  • Ar 2 represents C 6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl substituted with one or more groups selected from Group R (for example, Ar 2 represents pyridyl or phenyl which may have a substituent selected from Group R).
  • the compound of formula 5 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 58 with a diazotization reagent (such as sodium nitrite or tert-butyl nitrite) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or water) or without a solvent in the presence of an acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid), and treating the produced diazonium salt with a reducing agent (such as tin chloride).
  • a diazotization reagent such as sodium nitrite or tert-butyl nitrite
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or water
  • an acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid
  • a reducing agent such as tin chloride
  • An arylhydrazine derivative (formula 5) can be prepared from a commercially available compound of formula 60 by a method known in the art.
  • the compound of formula 60 can be prepared from a commercially available compound of formula 51 by a method known in the art.
  • the compound of formula 60 can be prepared by treating the compound of formula 51 with a halogenating agent (such as iodine, N-iodosuccinimide, bromine, or N-bromosuccinimide) and, as necessary, a base (such as sodium bicarbonate or pyridine) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or tetrahydrofuran).
  • a halogenating agent such as iodine, N-iodosuccinimide, bromine, or N-bromosuccinimide
  • a base such as sodium bicarbonate or pyridine
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or
  • the halogen group in formula 60 is preferably a bromine group or an iodine group.
  • the compound of formula 60 can be converted to a compound of formula 58 by a method such as that of Ullmann et al. (Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges., 36, 2389, 1903 ).
  • the compound of formula 58 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 60 with a compound of formula 61 in a solvent (such as dimethyl sulfoxide, toluene, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) in the presence of a catalyst (such as copper iodide or copper chloride) and a catalyst ligand (such as N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate) and in the presence of a base (such as cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, or potassium phosphate).
  • a solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide, toluene, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
  • a catalyst such as copper iodide or copper chloride
  • a catalyst ligand such as N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine
  • Ar 2 in formula 61 represents C 6-10 aryl substituted with one or more groups selected from Group R (for example, Ar 2 represents phenyl which may have a substituent selected from Group R).
  • the compound of formula 5 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 58 with a diazotization reagent (such as sodium nitrite or tert-butyl nitrite) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or water) or without a solvent in the presence of an acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid), and treating the produced diazonium salt with a reducing agent (such as tin chloride).
  • the compound of formula 5 can be prepared both as a free form and as a salt of an appropriate acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid).
  • An arylhydrazine derivative (formula 5) can be prepared from a commercially available compound of formula 62 by a method known in the art, for example, the method of Freudenberg et al. (Chem. Ber., 88, 10, 1955 ).
  • the halogen group in formula 62 refers to a fluorine group, a chlorine group, a bromine group, or an iodine group, and is preferably a fluorine group or a chlorine group.
  • a compound of formula 63 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 62 with a compound of formula 61 in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) in the presence of a base (such as cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, or potassium phosphate).
  • a solvent such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
  • a base such as cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, or potassium phosphate.
  • Ar 2 in formula 61 represents C 6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl substituted with one or more groups selected from Group R (for example, Ar 2 represents pyridyl or phenyl which may have a substituent selected from Group R).
  • a compound of formula 58 can be prepared by treating the compound of formula 63 with a reducing agent (a method using a reducing agent such as sodium hydrosulfite, zinc, or tin chloride, or a reduction reaction performed using a palladium catalyst or the like in a hydrogen atmosphere) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, or water, or a mixed solvent thereof).
  • a reducing agent a method using a reducing agent such as sodium hydrosulfite, zinc, or tin chloride, or a reduction reaction performed using a palladium catalyst or the like in a hydrogen atmosphere
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, or water, or a mixed solvent thereof.
  • the compound of formula 5 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 58 with a diazotization reagent (such as sodium nitrite or tert-butyl nitrite) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or water) or without a solvent in the presence of an acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid), and treating the produced diazonium salt with a reducing agent (such as tin chloride).
  • a diazotization reagent such as sodium nitrite or tert-butyl nitrite
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or water
  • an acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid
  • a reducing agent such as tin chloride
  • An arylhydrazine derivative (formula 5) can be prepared from a commercially available compound of formula 64 by a method known in the art.
  • the halogen A is preferably a fluorine group or a chlorine group
  • the halogen B is preferably a bromine group or an iodine group.
  • a compound of formula 65 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 64 with a compound of formula 61 in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) in the presence of a base (such as cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, or potassium phosphate).
  • Ar 2 in formula 61 represents C 6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl substituted with one or more groups selected from Group R (for example, Ar 2 represents pyridyl or phenyl which may have a substituent selected from Group R).
  • the compound of formula 5 (where either or both of R 15 s are Boc or H) can be prepared by treating the compound of formula 65 with a base (such as isopropylmagnesium chloride or butyllithium) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), and then treating with a reagent as a hydrazine source (such as di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate).
  • the compound of formula 5 (where either or both of R 15 s are Boc or H) can also be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 65 with an appropriate reagent as a hydrazine source (such as tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-butyl hydrazodicarboxylate) in a solvent (such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, or 1,4-dioxane) in the presence of a catalyst (such as palladium acetate or copper iodide), a ligand (such as XPhos, tBuXPhos, N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate), and a base (such as potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, or potassium phosphate).
  • the obtained compound of formula 5 where one or two R 15 (s) are a Boc group(s) can be used as a salt of formula 5 for preparing the compound of general formula [I] after removing the Boc group(s) with an appropriate acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid). It can also be used for preparing the compound of general formula [I] without removing the Boc group(s) in this step, and removing the Boc group(s) in the reaction solution in the next step.
  • an appropriate acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid.
  • An arylhydrazine derivative (formula 5) can be prepared from a commercially available iodophenol derivative (formula 66) by a method known in the art.
  • a compound of formula 67 can be prepared by subjecting the iodophenol derivative (formula 66) with a compound of formula 59 in a solvent (such as dimethyl sulfoxide, toluene, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) in the presence of a base (such as potassium phosphate, cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or potassium tert-butoxide) and, as necessary, a catalyst (such as copper iodide or copper chloride) and a catalyst ligand (such as XPhos, tBuXPhos, N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate).
  • a solvent such as di
  • Ar 2 in formula 59 represents C 6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl substituted with one or more groups selected from Group R (for example, Ar 2 represents pyridyl or phenyl which may have a substituent selected from Group R).
  • the compound of formula 5 (where either or both of R 15 s are Boc or H) can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 67 with an appropriate reagent as a hydrazine source (such as tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-butyl hydrazodicarboxylate) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane) in the presence of a catalyst (such as palladium acetate or copper iodide), a ligand (such as XPhos, tBuXPhos, N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate), and a base (such as potassium phosphate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate).
  • a hydrazine source such as tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-buty
  • the obtained compound of formula 5 where one or two R 15 (s) are a Boc group(s) can be used as a salt of formula 5 for preparing the compound of general formula [I] after removing the Boc group(s) with an appropriate acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid). It can also be used for preparing the compound of general formula [I] without removing the Boc group(s) in this step and removing the Boc group(s) in the reaction solution in the next step.
  • an appropriate acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid.
  • An arylhydrazine derivative (formula 5) can be prepared from a commercially available compound of formula 62 by a method known in the art.
  • a compound of formula 63 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 62 with a compound of formula 61 in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) in the presence of a base (such as cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, or potassium phosphate).
  • a solvent such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
  • a base such as cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, or potassium phosphate.
  • Ar 2 in formula 61 represents C 6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl substituted with one or more groups selected from Group R (for example, Ar 2 represents phenyl which may have a substituent selected from Group R).
  • a compound of formula 58 can be prepared by treating the compound of formula 63 with a reducing agent (a method using a reducing agent such as sodium hydrosulfite, zinc, or tin chloride, or a reduction reaction performed using a palladium catalyst or the like in a hydrogen atmosphere) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, or water, or a mixed solvent thereof).
  • a reducing agent a method using a reducing agent such as sodium hydrosulfite, zinc, or tin chloride, or a reduction reaction performed using a palladium catalyst or the like in a hydrogen atmosphere
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, or water, or a mixed solvent thereof.
  • a compound of formula 67 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 58 with a diazotization reagent (such as sodium nitrite or tert-butyl nitrite) in a solvent (such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or water) in the presence of an acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid), and subjecting the produced diazonium salt with an iodine source (e.g., copper iodide, or an alkali metal iodide salt such as potassium iodide).
  • a diazotization reagent such as sodium nitrite or tert-butyl nitrite
  • a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or water
  • an acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid
  • the compound of formula 5 (where either or both of R 15 s are Boc or H) can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 67 with an appropriate reagent as a hydrazine source (such as tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-butyl hydrazodicarboxylate) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane) in the presence of a catalyst (such as palladium acetate or copper iodide), a ligand (such as XPhos, tBuXPhos, N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate), and a base (such as potassium phosphate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate).
  • a hydrazine source such as tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-buty
  • the obtained compound of formula 5 where one or two R 15 (s) are a Boc group(s) can be used as a salt of formula 5 for preparing the compound of general formula [I] after removing the Boc group(s) with an appropriate acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid). It can also be used for preparing the compound of general formula [I] without removing the Boc group(s) in this step and removing the Boc group(s) in the reaction solution in the next step.
  • an appropriate acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid.
  • An arylhydrazine derivative (formula 5) can be prepared from a commercially available compound of formula 66 by a method known in the art.
  • a compound of formula 67 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 66 with a compound of formula 59 in a solvent (such as dimethyl sulfoxide, toluene, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) in the presence of a base (such as potassium phosphate, cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or potassium tert-butoxide) and, as necessary, a catalyst (such as copper iodide or copper chloride) and a catalyst ligand (such as N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate).
  • a solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide, toluene, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
  • a base such as
  • Ar 2 in formula 59 represents C 6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl substituted with one or more groups selected from Group R (for example, Ar 2 represents pyridyl or phenyl which may have a substituent selected from Group R).
  • the halogen group in formula 59 is a fluorine group, a chlorine group, a bromine group, or an iodine group.
  • the compound of formula 5 (where either or both of R 15 s are Boc or H) can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 67 with an appropriate reagent as a hydrazine source (such as tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-butyl hydrazodicarboxylate) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane) in the presence of a catalyst (such as palladium acetate or copper iodide), a ligand (such as XPhos, tBuXPhos, N,N-dimethylglycine, 1-methylimidazole, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, or ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate), and a base (such as potassium phosphate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate).
  • a hydrazine source such as tert-butyl carbazate or di-tert-buty
  • the compound of formula 5 can be further subjected to hydrogenation reaction or the like in a solvent (such as methanol or ethanol) in the presence of a metal catalyst such as palladium carbon, to prepare a compound of formula 5 from which the halogen group on Ar 2 is removed.
  • a solvent such as methanol or ethanol
  • a metal catalyst such as palladium carbon
  • the obtained compound of formula 5 where one or two R 15 (s) are a Boc group(s) can be used as a salt of formula 5 for preparing the compound of general formula [I] after removing the Boc group(s) with an appropriate acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, or trifluoroacetic acid). It can also be used for preparing the compound of general formula [I] without removing the Boc group(s) in this step and removing the Boc group(s) in the reaction solution in the next step.
  • Sulfamidating reagents are commercially available or can be prepared by methods known in the art.
  • a sulfamidating reagent (formula 91) can be prepared by subjecting chlorosulfonyl isocyanate with 2-bromoethanol in a solvent (such as dichloromethane), and then subjecting the prepared compound of formula 90 with a primary amine (R 14 -NH 2 ).
  • a protecting group can be used as necessary to prepare the target compound efficiently.
  • Arylsulfonyl groups such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups
  • silyl groups such as tert-butyldimethylsilyl, trimethylsilyl, and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups
  • carbamoyl groups such as Boc and Cbz groups
  • the sulfamidating reagent may be prepared before use and used as a solution, or may be isolated by a method known in the art and used.
  • a sulfamidating reagent (formula 92) can also be prepared by subjecting sulfuryl chloride with a secondary amine (R 16 R 17 NH, such as morpholine or piperidine) in a solvent (such as dichloromethane) in the presence of a base (such as triethylamine).
  • a secondary amine such as morpholine or piperidine
  • a solvent such as dichloromethane
  • a base such as triethylamine
  • Arylsulfonyl groups such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups
  • silyl groups such as tert-butyldimethylsilyl, trimethylsilyl, and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups
  • carbamoyl groups such as Boc and Cbz groups
  • the sulfamidating reagent may be prepared before use and used as a solution, or may be isolated by a method known in the art and used.
  • Compounds of formulas 93 and 97 can also be prepared by subjecting chlorosulfonyl isocyanate with benzyl alcohol in a solvent (such as dichloromethane), and then subjecting the prepared benzyl N-chlorosulfonylcarbamate with a primary amine (R 14 -NH 2 , such as methylamine) or a secondary amine (R 16 R 17 NH, such as morpholine).
  • a primary amine is allowed to act
  • a compound of formula 95 can be prepared by further treating with an acylating agent (such as pivaloyl chloride or acetyl chloride).
  • Sulfamidating reagents can be prepared by removing the Cbz groups from the compounds of formulas 93, 95, and 97 in a solvent (such as methanol) in the presence of Pd-C in a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the sulfamidating reagents may be prepared before use and used as solutions, or may be isolated by a method known in the art and used.
  • Sulfonamidation can be performed using sulfonyl chloride or sulfonamide.
  • Sulfonamidating reagents are commercially available or can be prepared by a method known in the art.
  • methanesulfonyl chloride and methanesulfonamide are commercially available.
  • a sulfonamidating reagent (formula 102) can be prepared by subjecting a commercially available compound of formula 99 with a brominating agent (such as carbon tetrabromide or triphenylphosphine) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran) to provide a compound of formula 100, then treating it with thiourea in a solvent such as ethanol to provide a compound of formula 101, and further treating it with N-chlorosuccinimide in a solvent such as acetic acid.
  • the sulfonamidating reagent (formula 102) may be prepared before use and used as a solution, or may be isolated by a method known in the art and used.
  • a method of preparing a sulfonyl chloride (formula 107) from a commercially available alkylsulfonyl chloride is known in the art.
  • a compound of formula 105 in which R 20 is converted to R 22 can be prepared by converting a commercially available compound of formula 103 to a compound of formula 104 by treatment with a base (such as pyridine) in a solvent (such as 2-propanol), and then introducing a functional group onto the alkylsulfonyl group (R 20 ).
  • the sulfonamidating reagent (formula 107) can be prepared by treating the compound of formula 105 with potassium thiocyanate to prepare a compound of formula 106, and then treating it with thionyl chloride.
  • the sulfonamidating reagent (formula 107) may be prepared before use and used as a solution, or may be isolated by a method known in the art and used.
  • a corresponding sulfonamidating reagent (formula 108 or 109) can be prepared by subjecting a commercially available sulfonyl chloride or a compound of formula 102 or 107 prepared by the preparation method E-2 with a commercially available solvent containing ammonia gas (such as aqueous ammonia) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran or dioxane).
  • the sulfonamidating reagent (formula 108 or 109) may be prepared before use and used as a solution, or may be isolated by a method known in the art and used.
  • sulfonyl chlorides commercially available sulfamidating reagents, sulfamidating reagents prepared by the preparation method E-1, sulfonamidating reagents prepared by the preparation method E-2, or sulfonamidating reagents prepared by the preparation method E-3 can be used for preparing the compounds of general formula I in which a sulfamide or sulfonamide group is introduced into R 1 or R 2 .
  • Such a functional group conversion may be performed before forming an indole ring, after forming an indole ring, or after converting to the compound of general formula I.
  • a protecting group can be used as necessary to prepare the target compound efficiently.
  • Arylsulfonyl groups such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups
  • silyl groups such as trimethylsilyl and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups
  • carbamoyl groups such as Boc and Cbz groups
  • the amino group(s) can be sulfonamidated or sulfamidated by a method known in the art.
  • a compound of formula 1 having a sulfonamide group can be prepared using a base (such as pyridine or triethylamine) and a commercially available sulfonamidating reagent, a sulfonamidating reagent prepared by the preparation method E-2, or a commercially available halogenated sulfonamidating reagent such as alkylsulfonyl chloride for a compound of formula 1 in which R 2 is an amino group in a solvent (such as dichloromethane).
  • a compound of formula 1 having a sulfamide group can be prepared using a base (such as pyridine or triethylamine) and a commercially available sulfamidating reagent or a sulfamidating reagent prepared by the preparation method E-1 for a compound of formula 1 in which R 2 is an amino group in a solvent (such as dichloromethane).
  • a base such as pyridine or triethylamine
  • a commercially available sulfamidating reagent or a sulfamidating reagent prepared by the preparation method E-1 for a compound of formula 1 in which R 2 is an amino group in a solvent (such as dichloromethane).
  • a compound of formula 1 having a sulfonamide or sulfamide group can be prepared using a commercially available sulfonamidating or sulfamidating reagent or using a sulfonamidating or sulfamidating reagent prepared by the preparation method E-1, E-2, or E-3.
  • a compound of formula 1 having a sulfonamide or sulfamide group can be prepared from a compound of formula 1 where R 2 is a halogen group by a method known in the art, for example, the method of Buchwald et al.
  • a piperidine group can be introduced into a compound of general formula I in which one or more of R 1 and R 2 are a halogen group(s) by the method of Suzuki et al. (Chemical Reviews, 95(7), 2457, 1995 ) or Molander et al. (Org.
  • a piperazine group can be introduced by a method such as that of Chan et al. (Tetrahedron Lett., 44, 3863, 2003 ) or Buchwald et al. (Organic synthesis, 78, 23 ; Coll. Vol. 10: 423 , J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124, 6043, 2002 ), using tert-butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Such a functional group conversion may be performed before forming an indole ring after forming an indole ring, or after converting to the compound of general formula I.
  • a protecting group can be used as necessary to prepare the target compound efficiently.
  • Arylsulfonyl groups such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups
  • silyl groups such as trimethylsilyl and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups
  • carbamoyl groups such as Boc and Cbz groups
  • a compound of formula 1 into which a piperidine or piperazine group is introduced can be prepared by the above method using a compound of formula 1 in which R 2 is a halogen group.
  • a protected compound of general formula I where R 2 is a piperidine or piperazine group can be prepared by derivatizing a compound of formula 1 into which a piperidine or piperazine group is introduced to a ketonitrile compound (formula 2) and then to an enamine compound (formula 3), and subsequently forming an aminopyrazole ring.
  • a compound of general formula I in which one or more amide groups (-CONR 9 R 10 ) are introduced into R 1 and/or R 2 can be prepared using an ester compound in which one or more of R 1 and R 2 are a carboxyl group(s).
  • a protecting group can be used as necessary to prepare the target compound efficiently.
  • Arylsulfonyl groups (such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups), silyl groups (such as trimethylsilyl and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups), and carbamoyl groups (such as Boc and Cbz groups) can be used for protecting NH or OH groups.
  • an aminopyrazole ring can be formed and the ester group (-CO 2 R 23 ) in general formula I can be converted to an amide group (-CONR 9 R 10 ) by a method known in the art.
  • the protected compound of general formula I prepared using a protecting group can be prepared into a compound of general formula I by removing the protecting group by a method known in the art.
  • Such a functional group conversion may be performed before forming an indole ring, after forming an indole ring, or after converting to the compound of general formula I.
  • a compound of general formula I in which one or more alkylsulfonyl groups (R 8 SO2-) are introduced into R 1 and/or R 2 can be prepared using a compound of formula 1 in which one or more of R 1 and R 2 are a halogen group(s).
  • the halogen group is preferably a chlorine group, a bromine group, or an iodine group, and more preferably a bromine group or an iodine group.
  • a compound of formula 36 can be prepared by cleaving the sulfide group of a compound of formula 34 obtained using a compound of formula 34 in which R 2 in formula 1 is a halogen group by the method of Itoh et al. (Org.
  • a compound of formula 40 can be prepared by subjecting the compound of formula 36 with a reagent represented by R 5 .
  • a compound of formula 38 having a sulfone group on the indole can be prepared by direct introduction of R 8 SO 2 - by the method of Barta et al. (WO 2000069821 ).
  • a compound of formula 38 into which a functional group selected from Group Q is further introduced can be prepared by a method known in the art.
  • an aminopyrazole ring can be formed and a compound of general formula I can be prepared.
  • the compound of general formula I prepared using a protecting group can be prepared into a compound of general formula I by removing the protecting group by a method known in the art. Such a functional group conversion may be performed before forming an indole ring, after forming an indole ring, or after converting to the compound of general formula I.
  • a compound of general formula I in which one or more alkoxy groups (R 7 O-) are introduced into R 1 and/or R 2 can be prepared using a compound of formula 1 in which one or more of R 1 and R 2 are a hydroxyl group(s) or R 7 O-.
  • a protecting group can be used as necessary to prepare the target compound efficiently.
  • Arylsulfonyl groups such as benzenesulfonyl and toluenesulfonyl groups
  • silyl groups such as trimethylsilyl and trimethylsilylethoxymethyl groups
  • carbamoyl groups such as Boc and Cbz groups
  • a functional group can be introduced into a compound of formula 41 (where R 13 is a hydrogen atom) which can be prepared by a method known in the art and in which the O-alkyl in formula 1 is converted to a hydroxyl group, by forming a C-O bond by a method such as that of Mitsunobu et al. (Synthesis, 1, 1981 ), Mulvihill et al. (WO 2011143645 ), or Williamson et al. (J. Chem. Soc., 4, 229, 1852 ).
  • Functional groups that can be introduced include alkyl, haloalkyl, and aminoalkyl groups.
  • an aminopyrazole ring can be formed and a compound of general formula I can be prepared.
  • the compound of general formula I prepared using a protecting group can be prepared into a compound of general formula I by removing the protecting group by a method known in the art. Such a functional group conversion may be performed before forming an indole ring, after forming an indole ring, or after converting to the compound of general formula I.
  • Measurement Condition Device Name Mobile Phase Gradient Program Column Name Column Temperature (°C)
  • Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.0 M solution in tetrahydrofuran, 18.25 mL) was added to a solution of ethyl 6-bromo-5-morpholino-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (3.5 g), tetrahydrofuran (105 mL), and acetonitrile (2.1 mL) at 0°C and the mixture was stirred for 0.5 hour.
  • Water and 2 M hydrochloric acid (30 mL) were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (500 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (5.1 g).
  • 3-Bromo-4-methoxyaniline (3.3 g) was suspended in a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid (33 mL) and water (4 mL), and sodium nitrite (1.7 g) dissolved in water (6 mL) was added at 0°C.
  • Tin(II) chloride (7.4 g) dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid (33 mL) was added at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for one hour. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and washed by suspending in ethyl acetate to give the target compound (4.13 g).
  • Ethyl 6-bromo-5-methoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (515 mg) was dissolved in dioxane (0.9 mL) in a nitrogen atmosphere, and allylpalladium chloride dimer (44 mg), potassium carbonate (716 mg), methanesulfonamide (246 mg), and tBuXPhos (123 mg) were added.
  • the reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was then replaced by nitrogen. The mixture was heated at 100°C for two hours.
  • the reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, diluted with ethyl acetate, and filtered through celite.
  • the ethyl acetate layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated saline and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
  • the drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was washed by suspending in ethyl acetate/hexane to give the target compound (563 mg).
  • Ethyl 6-(methanesulfonamido)-5-methoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (480 mg) was suspended in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) and the suspension was cooled to 0°C, followed by dropwise addition of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.0 M solution in tetrahydrofuran, 5.9 mL). After stirring for 30 minutes, dehydrated acetonitrile (0.24 mL) was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred at 0°C for one hour.
  • Example 1-2-2 The compound of Example 1-2-2 was synthesized from a corresponding bromoaniline by the similar method as in Example 1-2-1.
  • N-(4-Amino-2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide (387 mg) was suspended in concentrated hydrochloric acid (2.0 mL), and sodium nitrite (202 mg) dissolved in water (2.0 mL) was added at 0°C.
  • Tin(II) chloride (892 mg) dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid (2.0 mL) was added at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for two hours. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and washed with ethyl acetate to give the target compound (524 mg).
  • N-(4-Hydrazinyl-2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide hydrochloride (523 mg) was suspended in ethanol (5.0 mL), ethyl pyruvate (0.26 mL) was added at 25°C, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for two hours. Water (10 mL) was added to the reaction solution and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration to give an arylhydrazone compound (304 mg). A part of the obtained arylhydrazone compound (233 mg) was dissolved in dichloroethane (4.0 mL), Eaton's reagent (0.38 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 70°C for three hours.
  • the reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, water was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (263 mg).
  • Ethyl 5-amino-6-methoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (185 mg) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide (2.0 mL), N-methylmorpholine (0.12 mL) and methanesulfonyl chloride (82 ⁇ L) were added at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for one hour. Water (5.0 mL) was added to the reaction solution and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration to give the target compound (203 mg).
  • 3-Bromo-4-methoxyaniline (3.30 g) was suspended in concentrated hydrochloric acid (33 mL), sodium nitrite (1.7 g) dissolved in water (6.0 mL) was added at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 minutes.
  • Tin(II) chloride (7.4 g) dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid (33 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for one hour. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration to give the target compound (4.10 g).
  • the resulting arylhydrazone compound was dissolved in dichloromethane (8.9 mL), Eaton's reagent (0.89 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40°C for two hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate) to give the target compound (520 mg).
  • Example No. Compound No. 1-3-2 I-H059
  • the ester E051 synthesized in Example 1-3-1 (850 mg) was suspended in tetrahydrofuran (28 mL), dehydrated acetonitrile (0.6 mL) was added, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.9 M solution in tetrahydrofuran, 5.3 mL) was added at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred for one hour.
  • 1 M hydrochloric acid (15 mL) was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL). The organic layer was washed with saturated saline and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (990 mg).
  • the phenol E052 synthesized in Example 1-4-2 (810 mg) and triphenylphosphine (0.90 g) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (16 mL), 2,2-difluoroethanol (0.20 mL) and diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (0.62 mL) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for four days.
  • the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate) to give the target compound (650 mg).
  • Example 1-4-4 The compound of Example 1-4-4 was synthesized by the similar method as in Example 1-4-3 using a corresponding aniline and using a corresponding alcohol in Step 1.
  • Example No. Compound No. 1-4-3 I-A0 11 1-4-4 I-H044
  • Ethyl 5-methoxy-6-morpholin-4-yl-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (666 mg) was dissolved in dichloromethane (18 mL), boron tribromide (1.0 M solution in dichloromethane, 11 mL) was added at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours.
  • Ethanol (40 mL) and water (13 mL) were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL). The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated saline and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was used for the next reaction without purification.
  • the target compound (I-H073) was obtained by performing Steps 1 to 3 of Example 1-4-7 and Steps 1 to 3 of Example 1-4-8 using E053 obtained in Example 1-4-3.
  • Tributylphosphine (7.9 mL) was added to a suspension of ethyl 6-bromo-5-hydroxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylate obtained in Step 4 of Example 1-4-11 (5.68 g), tert-butyl 4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (5.64 g), and ADDP (8.07 g) in toluene (200 mL) at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 18 hours. The insoluble matter was removed by filtration.
  • tert-Butyl 4-((6-bromo-2-(2-cyanoacetyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate (5.40 g) was suspended in toluene (100 mL), DMF-DMA (1.72 mL) was added at 25°C, and the mixture was stirred for two hours. Hexane (50 mL) was added to the reaction solution to precipitate the target compound. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with hexane (10 mL), and the powder was dried under reduced pressure to give the target compound (5.678 g).
  • the reaction solution was made acidic by adding a 5 M aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, the insoluble matter was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was washed with ethyl acetate (40 mL x 5). After the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography and then crystallized from hexane/MTBE (6/1) to give the target compound (266 mg).
  • the target compound (160 mg) was obtained by performing the similar operation as in Example 1-4-1 using ethyl 5-cyclopropyl-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran)-4-sulfonamido)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate obtained in Step 5 (266 mg).
  • the target compound (2.69 g) was obtained by performing the similar operation as in Step 4 of Example 1-5-2 using N-(5-amino-2-chloro-4-iodophenyl)acetamide (3.11 g).
  • the target compound (1.35 g) was obtained by performing the similar operation as in Step 3 of Example 1-4-13 using ethyl 6-amino-5-chloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylate obtained in Step 2 (1.9 g).
  • the target compound (727 mg) was obtained by performing the similar operation as in Example 1-4-1 using ethyl 5-cyclopropyl-6-((3-fluoropropyl)sulfonamido)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate obtained in Step 4 (675 mg).
  • 1,2-Difluoro-4-methyl-5-nitrobenzene (1.0 g) was dissolved in THF (20 mL), a 4 M aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (14.4 mL) was added at 0°C, and the mixture was then stirred at 25°C for five hours. Ethyl acetate (30 mL) was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with a 2 M aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (4 mL) and a 0.1 M aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (10 mL x 2).
  • the aqueous layer was adjusted to pH 10 with a 4 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (4 mL) and then extracted with ethyl acetate (10 mL x 3) and the organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated, and the resulting residue was then concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (1.29 g).
  • the target compound (1.65 g) was obtained by performing the similar operation as in Steps 2 to 7 of Example 1-4-11 using 4-(2-fluoro-5-methyl-4-nitrophenoxy)-1-isopropylpiperidine obtained in Step 1.
  • the target compound (1.58 g) was obtained by performing the similar operation as in Example 1-4-15 using 1-chloro-2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-nitrobenzene.
  • the target compound was obtained by performing the similar operation as in Example 1-4-12 using 4-fluoro-3-methoxy-aniline.
  • Example No. Compound No. 1-4-7 I-H069 1-4-8 I-H070 1-4-9 I-H071 1-4-10 I-H073 1-4-11 I-H074 1-4-12 I-H076 1-4-13 I-H078 1-4-14 I-H079 1-4-15 I-H080 1-4-16 I-H081 1-4-17 I-H082 1-4-18 I-H083
  • N-(2-Fluoro-5-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide (2.00 g) was dissolved in methanol (34 mL), 10% Pd-C (45 mg) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for three hours in a hydrogen atmosphere. The insoluble matter was filtered off by celite filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was crystallized from ethyl acetate/hexane to give the target compound (1.65 g).
  • N-(5-Amino-2-fluorophenyl)methanesulfonamide (1.65 g) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (8.0 mL), N-iodosuccinimide (1.8 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 6.5 hours. Water (32 mL) was added to the reaction solution and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration. The resulting crude solid was purified by column chromatography (dichloromethane/methanol) to give the target compound (1.89 g).
  • N-(5-Amino-2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl)methanesulfonamide 300 mg was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (3.6 mL) and DABCO (306 mg) and pyruvic acid (189 ⁇ L) were added. The reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. X-Phos (48 mg) and allylpalladium chloride dimer (16 mg) were added. The reaction system was degassed again under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. The mixture was heated at 80°C for three hours.
  • the reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, 1 M hydrochloric acid (15 mL) was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (15 mL). The organic layer was washed with a 5% aqueous N-acetyl-L-cysteine solution (15 mL) and saturated saline (15 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (466 mg).
  • N-(2-Methyl-5-nitrophenyl)-N-methylsulfonylmethanesulfonamide (38.0 g) was suspended in tetrahydrofuran (150 mL) and water (230 mL), sodium hyposulfite (65.0 g) was added at 25°C, and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. Subsequently, concentrated hydrochloric acid (76 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at 60°C for three hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, tripotassium phosphate (180 g) was added, and water (76 mL) was then added. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and washed with water to give the target compound (22.0 g).
  • N-(5-Amino-2-methylphenyl)-N-methylsulfonylmethanesulfonamide (22.0 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (110 mL), N-iodosuccinimide (18.0 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for one hour.
  • Sodium sulfite (33.0 g) dissolved in water (330 mL) was added to the reaction solution, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration and washed with water to give the target compound (28.0 g).
  • N-(5-Amino-4-iodo-2-methylphenyl)-N-methylsulfonylmethanesulfonamide (17.0 g) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (85 mL) and DABCO (14.0 g), pyruvic acid (8.8 mL), and X-Phos (3.0 g) were added.
  • the reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen.
  • Pd 2 dba 3 (960 mg) was added.
  • the reaction system was degassed again under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. The mixture was heated at 60°C for four hours.
  • N-Acetyl-L-cysteine was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was stirred at 60°C for 30 minutes.
  • the reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, a 5 M aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (85 mL) was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL) twice.
  • the organic layers were washed with saturated saline (160 mL) twice and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (28.2 g).
  • 6-(Methanesulfonamido)-5-methyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid 17.7 g was suspended in ethanol (270 mL), thionyl chloride (35 mL) was added at 0°C, and the mixture was refluxed for three hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C and neutralized with a 15% aqueous dipotassium hydrogenphosphate solution. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and sequentially washed with water, ethanol/water, 2-propanol, and hexane/ethyl acetate to give the target compound (11.4 g).
  • 2-Bromo-4-methyl-5-nitroaniline (10.0 g) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (173 mL), tripotassium phosphate (27.6 g), pyruvic acid (9.2 mL), X-Phos (6.2 g), and allylpalladium chloride dimer (1.6 g) were added, and the mixture was heated at 100°C for 15 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, water (350 mL) and a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (100 mL) were added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (300 mL).
  • 2-Bromo-5-nitroaniline (5 g) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) and triethylamine (9.63 mL) was added. Methanesulfonyl chloride (4.49 mL) was added at 25°C and the mixture was stirred for 90 minutes. A 5 M aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (27.6 mL) and water (75 mL) were added and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water, and the powder was dried to give the target compound (6.96 g).
  • N-(2-Bromo-5-nitrophenyl)-N-(methylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide (1 g) was dissolved in a mixed solvent of ethanol (3 mL), tetrahydrofuran (3 mL), and water (6 mL), sodium dithionite (1.4 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 30 minutes. Concentrated hydrochloric acid (2 mL) was added and the mixture was then stirred at 65°C for 90 minutes. Potassium phosphate (4 g) and water (3 mL) were then added at 0°C and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water. The powder was then dried under reduced pressure to give the target compound (0.537 g).
  • N-(5-Amino-2-bromophenyl)-N-(methylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide (2.12 g) was suspended in acetic acid (12 mL), NIS (1.32 g) was added, and the mixture was then stirred at 25°C for three hours. The reaction was quenched by adding an aqueous sodium sulfite solution (2.34 g ⁇ 30 mL), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration.
  • the powder was washed with water, and the resulting crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate) and then crystallized from hexane/ethyl acetate (1/1) to give the target compound (2.21 g).
  • N-(5-Amino-2-bromo-4-iodophenyl)-N-(methylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide (3.6 g), pyruvic acid (3.38 g), 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (4.3 g), and 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene dichloropalladium(II) (0.95 g) were added to dimethylformamide (38 mL), and the mixture was stirred at 65°C for 15 hours in a nitrogen stream.
  • N-Acetylcysteine (0.626 g) was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was stirred at 65°C for 30 minutes in a nitrogen stream.
  • Ethyl 5-bromo-6-(methylsulfonamido)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (1.0 g), potassium trifluoro(vinyl)borate (1.12 g), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene dichloropalladium(II) (0.171 g), and potassium phosphate (2.60 g) were added to toluene (20 mL) and water (4 mL) and the mixture was refluxed for eight hours in a nitrogen stream. After cooling the reaction solution to 25°C, a 5 M aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (10 mL) was added and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL).
  • Ethyl 6-(methylsulfonamido)-5-vinyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylate 400 mg was dissolved in methanol (13 mL), Pd-C (160 mg) was suspended, and the suspension was stirred at 25°C for seven hours and 30 minutes in a hydrogen stream. The insoluble matter was removed by celite filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by reversed phase chromatography (mobile phase: 0.1% formic acid-water-acetonitrile) to give the target compound (245 mg).
  • reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and the organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated, and the resulting residue was then crystallized from MTBE to give the target compound (242 mg).
  • the bromide E061 synthesized in Example 1-6-1 (250 mg) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (3.4 mL) and water (0.37 mL), tert-butyl 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-1-carboxylate (301 mg), PdCl 2 (dppf) (31 mg), and tripotassium phosphate (238 mg) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 100°C for six hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, water was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • I-H075 was obtained by performing the similar operation as in Steps 3 to 6 of Example 1-6-1 using (2-bromo-5-methyl-4-nitrophenyl)(difluoromethyl)sulfane obtained in Step 2.
  • N-(5-Bromo-4-fluoro-2-iodophenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide 120 mg was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (2.0 mL) and zinc bromide (172 mg), DIPEA (0.26 mL), and ethyl propiolate (78 ⁇ L) were added, after which the reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 (15 mg) was added. The reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at 80°C for 15 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C and the insoluble matter was filtered off by celite filtration.
  • Ethyl 6-bromo-5-fluoro-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylindole-2-carboxylate 500 mg was suspended in tetrahydrofuran (6.0 mL), dehydrated acetonitrile (71 ⁇ L) was added, an LDA solution (2.2 M solution in tetrahydrofuran, 1.0 mL) was added dropwise at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred for five minutes. Water (1.0 mL) and a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (10 mL) were added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the drying agent was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (401 mg).
  • N-(5-Bromo-2-iodo-4-isopropylphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (6 g) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (81 mL) and zinc bromide (8.2 g), DIPEA (12.7 mL), and ethyl propiolate (3.69 mL) were added, after which the reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. Pd(PPh3)4 (701 mg) was added. The reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at 80°C for five hours.
  • Example No. Compound No. 1-7-2 I-A012 1-7-3 I-A013
  • Ethyl 5-fluoro-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-6-piperidin-4-ylindole-2-carboxylate (4.50 g) was dissolved in dichloromethane (150 mL), acetone (1.2 mL), sodium triacetoxyborohydride (4.4 g), and acetic acid (3.0 mL) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 16 hours. A saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (3.80 g).
  • Example 1-9-1 A corresponding bromoindole carboxylic acid ester was obtained by the similar method as in Example 1-9-1.
  • the compound of Example 1-8-3 was synthesized by the similar method as in Example 1-8-1.
  • 3-Bromo-4-methylaniline (30.4 g) was dissolved in methanol (210 mL), pyridine (43 mL) and iodine (68.4 g) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for two hours.
  • a 20% aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution (150 mL) and water (30 mL) were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for one hour. Washing with methanol/water (1/1, 100 mL) resulted in the target compound (19.1 g).
  • N-(5-Bromo-2-iodo-4-methylphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (2.0 g) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (30 mL) and zinc bromide (2.8 g), DIPEA (4.3 mL), and ethyl propiolate (1.3 mL) were added, after which the reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen.
  • Bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium chloride (0.14 g) was added. The reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at 80°C for three hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C and filtered through celite.
  • Ethyl 6-bromo-5-methyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylindole-2-carboxylate (8.5 g) was dissolved in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (92 mL) in a nitrogen atmosphere and allylpalladium chloride dimer (176 mg), potassium carbonate (4.9 g), methanesulfonamide (2.0 g), and tBuXPhos (620 mg) were added.
  • the reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was then replaced by nitrogen. The mixture was heated at 80°C for one hour.
  • the reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, a 1% aqueous N-acetyl-L-cysteine solution (1 L) was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (1 L).
  • the organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated saline and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
  • the drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was washed by suspending in ethyl acetate/hexane to give the target compound.
  • N-[2-(2-Cyanoacetyl)-5-methyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylindol-6-yl]methanesulfonamide (11.7 g) was suspended in tetrahydrofuran (130 mL), N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (3.87 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 30 minutes. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was washed by suspending in methanol to give the target compound (10.1 g).
  • Example No. Compound No. 1-9-1 I-H016 1-9-2 I-H005 1-9-3 I-H006 1-9-4 I-H007 1-9-5 I-H067 1-9-6 I-H017 1-9-7 I-H019 1-9-8 I-H021 1-9-9 I-H023 1-9-10 I-H014
  • the reaction solution was cooled to 25°C and diluted with ethyl acetate, and the insoluble matter was filtered off by celite filtration.
  • the filtrate was washed with water and saturated saline and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
  • the drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was crystallized from diethyl ether to give the target compound (40.0 g).
  • Ethyl 6-acetamido-5-fluoro-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylindole-2-carboxylate (270 g) was suspended in tetrahydrofuran (2.0 L), dehydrated acetonitrile (109 mL) was added, LDA (3.0 M solution in tetrahydrofuran, 1.0 L) was added dropwise at -78°C, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. A saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (1.5 L) was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated saline and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (180 g).
  • N-(5-Bromo-2-iodo-4-methylphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (1.60 g) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) and zinc bromide (2.3 g), DIPEA (2.7 mL), and methyl propiolate (0.87 mL) were added. The reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was then replaced by nitrogen. Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 (200 mg) was added. The reaction system was degassed under reduced pressure and the atmosphere therein was replaced by nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at 80°C for 16 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C and the insoluble matter was filtered off by celite filtration.
  • Example No. Compound No. 1-12-1 I-H057 1-12-2 I-H060 1-12-3 I-H061
  • Example 1-12-1 The Boc compound E055 synthesized in Example 1-12-1 (4.50 g) was dissolved in dichloromethane (100 mL), hydrogen chloride gas was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for two hours. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration to give the target compound (4.41 g).
  • Methyl 6-(3-chloropropylsulfonylamino)-5-fluoro-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylindole-2-carboxylate (3.16 g) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (15 mL), sodium iodide (2.86 g) and potassium carbonate (4.37 g) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 80°C for 30 minutes. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, water was added, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration to give the target compound (2.15 g).
  • the drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, the resulting residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (30 mL), and a 4 M hydrochloric acid-ethyl acetate solution (100 mL) was added. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and sequentially washed with ethyl acetate and hexane to give the target compound (6.10 g).
  • the drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate).
  • the resulting purified product was dissolved in ethyl acetate (2 mL), and a 4 M hydrochloric acid-ethyl acetate solution (2.0 mL) was added. Then the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 10 minutes. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and washed with ethyl acetate to give the target compound (330 mg).
  • 2-Fluoro-4-(2-fluorophenoxy)-6-methylaniline hydrochloride 150 mg was dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.7 mL) and water (0.2 mL) and the reaction solution was cooled to 0°C.
  • Sodium nitrite 46 mg was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 minutes.
  • Tin(II) chloride dihydrate (262 mg) dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.7 mL) and water (0.2 mL) was added dropwise to the reaction solution and the mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 minutes.
  • the reaction solution was adjusted to pH 11 by adding a 5 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • a 4 M Hydrochloric acid-ethyl acetate solution was added to the organic layer, and concentration under reduced pressure gave the target compound (138 mg).
  • Example No. Compound No. 2-3-1 S038 2-3-2 S040 2-3-3 S041 2-3-4 S042 2-3-5 S045 2-3-6 S047
  • 1,2-Difluoro-3-(3-methyl-4-nitrophenoxy)benzene (13.0 g) was dissolved in ethanol (100 mL), and tin(II) chloride dihydrate (33 g) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (20 mL) were added. Then the mixture was stirred at 80°C for two hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C, diluted with ethyl acetate, and neutralized by adding an ammonia-methanol solution. The insoluble matter was filtered off by celite filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (13.0 g).
  • Example No. Compound No. 2-4-1 Q002 2-4-2 Q001 2-4-3 Q005 2-4-4 Q007 2-4-5 Q019 2-4-6 Q027 2-4-7 Q030 2-4-8 Q031 2-4-9 Q034 2-4-10 S005 2-4-11 T009
  • tert-Butyl N- ⁇ [6-(2-fluorophenoxy)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl]amino ⁇ carbamate (780 mg) was dissolved in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (10 mL) and TMSCl (0.76 mL) was added at 0°C. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 10 minutes, the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was washed by suspending in ethyl acetate to give the target compound (580 mg).
  • Example No. Compound No. 2-5-1 T001 2-5-2 T005 2-5-3 T007 2-5-4 T008 2-5-5 T010 2-5-6 T011 2-5-7 T012 2-5-8 T013 2-5-9 T014
  • Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (10.00 g) was dissolved in dichloromethane (20 mL), and 2-bromoethanol (8.8 g) dissolved in dichloromethane (125 mL) was added at 0°C. Then the mixture was stirred at 0°C for two hours. 2-Aminoethanol (1.1 mL) and TEA (3.6 mL) dissolved in dichloromethane (12 mL) were added to a part of the reaction solution (2.6 g) and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. 1 M hydrochloric acid was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate three times.
  • Example No. Compound No. 3-1-01 SFA-000 3-1-02 SFA-002 3-1-03 SFA-003 3-1-04 SFA-004 3-1-05 SFA-005 3-1-06 SFA-006 3-1-07 SFA-007 3-1-08 SFA-008
  • Example 3-1-01 SFA-000 obtained in Example 3-1-01 (1.40 g) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (15 mL), and imidazole (900 mg) and TBSCl (2.0 g) were added at 0°C. Then the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 30 minutes. 1 M hydrochloric acid was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate twice. The organic layers were washed with saturated saline and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate) to give the target compound (2.00 g).
  • Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (1.00 g) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL), and 2-bromoethanol (0.5 mL) dissolved in dichloromethane (2.5 mL) was added at 0°C. Then the mixture was stirred at 0°C for two hours. 2-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy-2-methylpropan-1-amine (1.5 g) and TEA (1.8 mL) dissolved in dichloromethane (12 mL) were added at 0°C and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for four hours. 1 M hydrochloric acid was added to the reaction solution and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate twice.
  • Example 3-3-02 The compound of Example 3-3-02 was synthesized from a corresponding aminoalcohol by the similar method as in Example 3-3-01.
  • Propan-2-yl cyclopropanesulfonate (3.20 g) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (40 mL), the atmosphere in the reaction system was replaced by nitrogen, hexamethylphosphoric triamide (4.4 mL) and n-BuLi (2.7 M solution in hexane, 15 mL) were added dropwise at -78°C, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes.
  • Benzyl glycidyl ether 2.5 mL
  • tetrahydrofuran 28 mL
  • the reaction solution was warmed to 25°C, water (50 mL) was added, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL) twice, and the organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate) to give the target compound (3.80 g).
  • Propan-2-yl 1-(2-hydroxy-3-phenylmethoxypropyl)cyclopropane-1-sulfonate (3.60 g) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (36 mL), and sodium hydride (content: 60%, 520 mg) was added at 0°C. Then the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Benzyl bromide (1.6 mL) was added dropwise to the reaction solution and the mixture was stirred at 0°C for one hour. Water (50 mL) was added to the reaction solution, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) twice, and the organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate) to give the target compound (3.90 g).
  • Propan-2-yl 1-[2,3-bis(phenylmethoxy)propyl]cyclopropane-1-sulfonate (200 mg) was dissolved in ethanol (2.4 mL), and potassium thiocyanate (49 mg) was added. Then the mixture was stirred at 85°C for six hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25°C and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was azeotropically distilled with toluene twice to give the target compound (198 mg).
  • Enamine I-H047 250 mg
  • hydrazine Q001 700 mg
  • the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was purified by Prep HPLC to give the target compound (17 mg).
  • Example 4-1-003 to 4-1-017, Example 5-1-070, and the like shown below were synthesized from the following corresponding enamines and hydrazines by the similar method as in Example 4-1-001 or 4-1-002.

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AU690527B2 (en) 1992-12-17 1998-04-30 Pfizer Inc. Pyrazoles having CRF antagonist activity
JP3590586B2 (ja) 1998-05-05 2004-11-17 エフ．ホフマン−ラ ロシュ アーゲー Ｐ−３８ｍａｐキナーゼインヒビターとしてのピラゾール誘導体
US6316466B1 (en) 1998-05-05 2001-11-13 Syntex (U.S.A.) Llc Pyrazole derivatives P-38 MAP kinase inhibitors
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FR2903406B1 (fr) 2006-07-04 2012-08-10 Aventis Pharma Sa Derives de pyrazolylbenzimidazole,compositions les contenant et utilisation
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