EP3300873B1 - Dispositif d'extrusion permettant de former une couche interne en matière plastique tubulaire d'un tuyau composite multicouche - Google Patents

Dispositif d'extrusion permettant de former une couche interne en matière plastique tubulaire d'un tuyau composite multicouche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3300873B1
EP3300873B1 EP17193696.6A EP17193696A EP3300873B1 EP 3300873 B1 EP3300873 B1 EP 3300873B1 EP 17193696 A EP17193696 A EP 17193696A EP 3300873 B1 EP3300873 B1 EP 3300873B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extrusion
wall
extrusion nozzle
tubular
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17193696.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3300873A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Postler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wrw Westfalische Rohrwerke GmbH
Original Assignee
Wrw Westfalische Rohrwerke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wrw Westfalische Rohrwerke GmbH filed Critical Wrw Westfalische Rohrwerke GmbH
Publication of EP3300873A1 publication Critical patent/EP3300873A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3300873B1 publication Critical patent/EP3300873B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
    • B23K26/262—Seam welding of rectilinear seams of longitudinal seams of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • B23K31/027—Making tubes with soldering or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0021—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with joining, lining or laminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B29C48/152—Coating hollow articles the inner surfaces thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2566—Die parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/3001—Extrusion nozzles or dies characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
    • B29C48/3003—Materials, coating or lining therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/901—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies
    • B29C48/902—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies internally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an extrusion device for forming a tubular plastic inner layer of a multi-layer composite pipe with an extrusion nozzle made of metal, the tubular outer surface of which, adjacent to the outlet end, serves in regions as a counterbearing for a laser welding device for longitudinally welding a metal foil surrounding the plastic inner layer.
  • Such an extrusion device and a system for producing a multilayer composite pipe are made DE 10 2009 012 072 A1 known.
  • an extrusion nozzle it can happen during laser welding that an unwanted connection of the metal foil to the counter bearing, ie the outer surface of the extrusion nozzle, occurs when the laser beams penetrate completely through the metal foil and penetrate into the outer wall of the extrusion nozzle. This can destroy the extrusion die.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a solution with which gas-tight multilayer composite pipes with longitudinally overlapped welded metal layers can be created in a structurally feasible manner with the highest possible production speeds while reducing the problems caused by the welding.
  • an extrusion device of the type mentioned at the outset in that the region of the extrusion nozzle which serves as a counterbearing has a recess in the outer wall in which an insert made of a laser beam absorbing and / or reflecting material is received, the insert made of graphite or consists of ceramic, tungsten, titanium, niobium, silver, gold or copper or sintered materials.
  • This configuration of the extrusion nozzle reliably prevents laser beams from penetrating into the metallic wall of the extrusion nozzle, so that there is no unwanted connection between the metal foil to be welded and the counter bearing, that is to say the outer wall of the extrusion nozzle.
  • the insert can be renewed as often as required.
  • Combinations of absorbent materials and highly heat-resistant and / or highly thermally conductive materials can also be used as the solid or sintered materials.
  • the tubular Extrusion nozzle has at least in the area serving as a counter bearing a circular outer wall and a circular inner wall arranged eccentrically thereto, the recess being formed in the thickened wall area formed thereby.
  • the wall thickness of the extrusion die it is possible to keep the wall thickness of the extrusion die as small as possible. It is essentially enlarged only in the area which has the recess for the insert. Otherwise, it would be necessary to make the extrusion nozzle thicker overall, so that the inside diameter would normally be too small for a perfect extrusion process.
  • the invention also relates to a system for producing a multilayer composite pipe with a shaping device for shaping a metal strip into a tubular body with overlapping longitudinal edges, with a laser welding device for welding the adjacent overlapping longitudinal edges of the tubular body and with a previously described extrusion device.
  • multilayer composite pipes are preferably understood to mean metal pipes which are each provided with a plastic layer on the inside and possibly on the outside, an adhesion promoter preferably being applied to both sides of the metal pipe.
  • Fig. 1 only the parts of such a system essential to the invention are shown.
  • the system first has an extrusion device 1 with an extrusion nozzle 2.
  • This extrusion nozzle 2 serves as a counter bearing for a laser welding device 3 adjacent to the outlet end, this area being specially designed in the manner described in more detail below.
  • the extrusion nozzle 2 ends with its free end region in the direction of production (arrow 4) behind the laser welding device 3, i.e. the plastic inner layer, not shown, is extruded into the already formed metallic tubular body.
  • the metallic tubular body (not shown) is first fed in the form of a metal strip and shaped by a shaping device 5 into a tubular shape with overlapping longitudinal edges. Seen in the direction of production, a device 6 for pre-fixing the overlapping longitudinal edges can be provided behind the forming device 5. Such a facility is in DE 10 2009 012 072 A1 described what is referred to.
  • a wall-shaped shield 7 is preferably arranged between the device for pre-fixing 6 and the laser welding device 3.
  • the metallic tubular body is thus first formed, namely preferably first by pre-fixing the overlapping longitudinal edges by means of the device 6 and subsequent longitudinal welding by means of the laser welding device 3. Subsequently, the plastic inner layer is supplied by means of the extrusion nozzle 2.
  • the structure of the extrusion device 1 according to the invention is shown in detail in FIGS Figures 2 to 5 shown.
  • the area of the extrusion nozzle 2 serving as a counterbearing has a recess 8 in its outer wall.
  • an insert 9 made of a laser beam absorbing and / or reflecting material, preferably made of graphite, is received.
  • Symbolically indicated laser beams 10 from the laser welding device 3 strike the overlapping longitudinal edges of the metal foil, not shown. If they penetrate the double-layered edge areas of the metal foils, they then hit the insert 9 and are absorbed therein, so that they cannot reach the metallic wall of the extrusion die 2 and the metal foil is therefore not glued to the extrusion die 2 can.
  • the tubular extrusion nozzle 2 has a circular outer wall 2a and a circular inner wall 2b arranged eccentrically to it, at least in the region serving as a counter bearing.
  • the two circle centers are in Fig. 4 designated M1 and M2.
  • This eccentric arrangement forms a thickened wall area 11, in which the recess 8 for the insert 9 is recessed. In this way it is possible to provide sufficient wall thickness for the recess 8 without a substantial increase in the outer diameter of the extrusion nozzle 2, ie the extrusion nozzle 2 as a whole does not have to be made thicker, which would reduce the inner diameter.
  • the recess 8 preferably has an undercut 8a on two marginal edges, with which the insert 9 is held securely in the receptacle 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Dispositif d'extrusion destiné à former une couche intérieure plastique tubulaire d'un tube composite multicouche, avec une filière d'extrusion (2) composée de métal, dont la surface extérieure tubulaire, de manière adjacente à l'extrémité de sortie, sert par endroits d'appui complémentaire pour un dispositif de soudage laser (3) pour le soudage longitudinal d'une feuille métallique entourant la couche intérieure plastique,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la zone, servant d'appui complémentaire, de la filière d'extrusion (2) présente un évidement (8) dans la paroi extérieure, dans laquelle est logée une couche intermédiaire (9) composée d'un matériau absorbant et/ou réfléchissant des faisceaux laser, dans lequel la couche intermédiaire (9) est constituée de graphite ou de céramique, de tungstène, de titane, de niobium, d'argent, d'or ou de cuivre ou de matériaux frittés.
  2. Dispositif d'extrusion selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la filière d'extrusion (2) tubulaire présente au moins dans la zone servant d'appui complémentaire une paroi extérieure (2a) circulaire et une paroi intérieure (2b) circulaire disposée de manière excentrée par rapport à celle-ci, dans lequel l'évidement (8) est réalisé dans la zone de paroi (11) épaissie ainsi formée.
EP17193696.6A 2016-09-29 2017-09-28 Dispositif d'extrusion permettant de former une couche interne en matière plastique tubulaire d'un tuyau composite multicouche Active EP3300873B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202016105436.2U DE202016105436U1 (de) 2016-09-29 2016-09-29 Extrusionseinrichtung zur Bildung einer rohrförmigen Kunststoffinnenschicht eines Mehrschichtverbundrohres

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3300873A1 EP3300873A1 (fr) 2018-04-04
EP3300873B1 true EP3300873B1 (fr) 2020-01-29

Family

ID=59974313

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17193696.6A Active EP3300873B1 (fr) 2016-09-29 2017-09-28 Dispositif d'extrusion permettant de former une couche interne en matière plastique tubulaire d'un tuyau composite multicouche

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3300873B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202016105436U1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19629037C1 (de) * 1996-07-18 1997-07-31 Erwin Martin Heberer Wandelement für eine einen Arbeits- oder Wirkungsbereich umgebende Schutzvorrichtung gegen Laserstrahlen einer Laserquelle

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005053347B4 (de) 2005-11-07 2007-08-16 WRW Westfälische Rohrwerke GmbH Verfahren und Anlage zum Herstellen eines Mehrschicht-Verbundrohres
DE102006030951B3 (de) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-31 Adka Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Metallverbundrohren
DE102009012072B4 (de) 2009-03-06 2017-08-24 WRW Westfälische Rohrwerke GmbH Anlage und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Mehrschichtverbundrohres
DE102009013248A1 (de) * 2009-03-14 2010-09-23 Becker Plastics Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundrohres

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19629037C1 (de) * 1996-07-18 1997-07-31 Erwin Martin Heberer Wandelement für eine einen Arbeits- oder Wirkungsbereich umgebende Schutzvorrichtung gegen Laserstrahlen einer Laserquelle

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Publication number Publication date
DE202016105436U1 (de) 2017-10-09
EP3300873A1 (fr) 2018-04-04

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