EP3299718A1 - Gas type detection - Google Patents

Abstract

Types of gas detection. A method for burning a given fuel group by a burner device taking into account a value of a requested power (11) of the burner device, the burner device comprising a sensor (7), a signal processing unit (9) and a monitoring unit (9) with a memory in which an error The method comprises the steps of: detecting a signal (13) of the at least one sensor (7), processing the signal (13) into a measured value, assigning the measured value and the requested power (11) to the burner device a value pair comprising fuel supply (12) and requested power, comparing the determined position of the associated value pair with the error range of characteristic values stored in the memory of the monitoring unit (9), detecting that the associated value pair is outside a range for safe presence of the fuel ( 6) from the given fuel group lies if, as a result of the comparison, the determined position of the assigned value pair lies in the at least one error range of characteristic values stored in the memory of the monitoring unit (9).

Description

background

The present disclosure is concerned with the detection of gas species in a combustor. In particular, the present disclosure addresses the detection of gas types of combustible gases for emissions to avoid.

Common types of gas in incinerators are those from the E-Gas group (according to EN 437: 2009-09) and gases from the B / P gas group (according to EN 437: 2009-09). Like all gases from the second gas family (according to EN 437: 2009-09), gases from the e-gas group contain methane as the main constituent. Like the gases from the third gas family (according to EN 437: 2009-09), gases from the B / P gas group are based on propane gas. The mixtures based on methane gas or propane gas ultimately represent mixtures of different gas sources with which the combustion device can be supplied.

For different types of gas, characteristic curves are usually provided which are selected on site during commissioning according to the existing gas group. The setting takes place, for example, by selecting one or more curves stored in the memory of a control unit. Those characteristics reflect the course of the amount of fuel supplied to the burner in relation to the amount of air supplied. In this case, in addition to the amount of fuel supplied or the control signal of a valve in the fuel line, the target value of an ionization is plotted, with the help and with the measured ionization signal as the actual value, the amount of fuel is adjusted via the valve. Also, instead of the amount of fuel, the amount of supplied air, the rotational speed of a fan in the air supply of the Brenners be applied. Further comes as a measure of the air supply to the burner, the position or the control signal of a damper in question.

• Vor Ort werden eine oder mehrere Kennlinien für ein Gas der B/P-Gruppe eingestellt, obwohl ein Gas aus der E-Gruppe vorliegt. Das Gemisch aus Brennstoff und Luft ist bei hoher Leistung magerer. Bei kleiner Brennerleistung ist das Gemisch hingegen etwas fetter. Mithin erhöhen sich die Emissionen der Brennereinrichtung gegenüber einer Anlage mit korrekt eingestellter Kennlinie bei kleiner Brennerleistung etwas, bleiben aber unkritisch.
• Vor Ort werden eine oder mehrere Kennlinien für ein Gas der E-Gruppe eingestellt, obwohl ein Gas aus der B/P-Gruppe vorliegt. Dadurch wird das Gemisch aus Brennstoff und Luft bei hoher Leistung fetter, während es bei kleiner Leistung etwas magerer wird. In diesem Fall bleiben die Emissionen bei kleiner Leistung vielfach unkritisch, zumal da das Gemisch gegenüber einer Anlage mit korrekt eingestellter Kennlinie magerer ist. Hingegen treten bei hoher Leistung unerwünschte Emissionen auf. Mithin besteht ein Interesse an der Detektion und gegebenenfalls an der Behandlung der Konsequenzen einer falsch eingestellten Gasarten-Kennlinie.

If incorrect characteristic curves are set locally, the following consequences for combustion in the incinerator are possible:

• One or more characteristics for a gas of the B / P group are set locally, although there is a gas from the E group. The mixture of fuel and air is leaner at high power. At low burner power, however, the mixture is a bit richer. Consequently, the emissions of the burner device with respect to a system with correctly set characteristic increase slightly at low burner output, but remain uncritical.
• One or more characteristics for a gas of the E group are discontinued on site, although there is a gas from the B / P group. This makes the mixture of fuel and air at high power richer while it gets a little leaner at low power. In this case, emissions at low power often remain uncritical, especially since the mixture is leaner compared to a system with correctly set characteristic. On the other hand occur at high power undesirable emissions. Thus, there is an interest in the detection and, if necessary, in the treatment of the consequences of a wrong set gas type characteristic.

By including environmental influences such as changes in air temperature, air pressure, humidity, gas temperature and / or the gas inlet pressure, the characteristics of the performance of the gas actuators widen alternatively the air actuators to characteristic bands. Thus, the possible characteristic bands of the actuator positions approach each other and the distance between them decreases. Further blurring of the characteristic bands results from tolerances of mechanical components such as valves in the fuel supply channel.

The aim of the present disclosure is the detection of gas species in a combustion device, in particular with regard to the avoidance of emissions and the optimized operation of the device.

Summary

The present disclosure teaches a method and / or apparatus for detecting gas species in a combustion device. The method and / or the device assume that the ratio of air to fuel is regulated in the combustion device. In particular, the ratio of air to fuel can be regulated by means of a so-called A-regulation. Furthermore, it is assumed that at least one characteristic curve for at least one fuel is stored in the (non-volatile) memory of a regulating and / or control and / or monitoring device.

One of the two actuators for air or gas is defined as a measure of burner output. For the A-control, a setpoint is defined as a function of the burner output. The A-control regulates the other actuator, for gas or air, and determines the fuel quantity or an equivalent, such as the actuator position or control value. The specified value is compared with the value stored for the actuator in the characteristic curve or the characteristic band. In particular, the position with respect to a limit characteristic is determined. If the controlled characteristic point is found on the wrong side of the limit characteristic, an error is concluded.

The aforementioned problems of gas detection and error handling are addressed by the main claims of the present disclosure. Particular embodiments are dealt with in the dependent claims.

It is a related object of the present disclosure, a method and / or apparatus for detecting gas species which minimizes costs for additional sensors and / or electronic assemblies. Ideally, a method and / or a device for gas type detection is provided which manages without additional sensors and / or computing units and / or storage media.

It is another related object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or apparatus for detecting gas species which enables the detection of different types of gas, including during operation over a long period of time, of a combustor, for example, over the life of the combustor. Advantageously, based on the provided method and / or on the basis of the provided device, fuel changes can also be detected by the gas supplier, for example.

It is yet another related object of the present disclosure to provide a gas detection method and / or apparatus that automates the detection of different types of gas. In particular, it is an object of the present disclosure to eliminate or at least reduce errors due to human error, such as misadjustments.

It is yet another related object of the present disclosure to provide a gas detection method and / or apparatus that enables the treatment of faults. Advantageously, the provided method and / or the device provided allows the (precautionary) shutdown of a system to avoid unwanted emissions. In addition, the provided method and / or the provided device advantageously enables the issuance of a notification upon the occurrence of an error.

It is another related object of the present disclosure, in the event of an error and the possibility of a unambiguous assignment of the injected fuel to a group to switch the combustion device to operate with fuels from the uniquely assigned fuel group and operate the combustion device so.

It is another related object of the present disclosure to switch the combustion device to operating parameters that result in acceptable combustion values for all the possible fuels from different fuel groups when an error occurs, with no possibility of unambiguously allocating the injected fuel to a group.

It is a further object of the present disclosure to provide a combustion device having a control and / or regulation and / or monitoring device with instructions in memory for carrying out a method disclosed herein.

It is also an object of the present disclosure to provide a gas detection method and / or apparatus used in a combustion apparatus such as an industrial furnace and / or a heating system and / or an internal combustion engine (automobile).

Brief description of the figures

• FIG 1 zeigt schematisch eine Verbrennungseinrichtung mit einer Regel-, Steuer- und / oder Überwachungseinrichtung.
• FIG 2 zeigt beispielhaft Kennlinien des Verlaufs des Ionisationsstrom-Sollwerts über der Luftzufuhr für zwei Gasgruppen oder Gasfamilien.
• FIG 3 zeigt beispielhaft zu Kennlinienbändern aufgeweitete Kennlinien des Verlaufs der Brennstoffzufuhr über der Luftzufuhr ohne Überlappung zwischen den Kennlinienbändern, bei denen eine Grenzkennlinie zwischen den Kennlinienbändern existiert.
• FIG 4 zeigt beispielhaft zu Kennlinienbändern aufgeweitete Kennlinien mit Überlappung zwischen den Kennlinienbändern, bei denen im überlappungsfreien Bereich eine Grenzkennlinie zwischen den Kennlinienbändern existiert.
• Fig 5 zeigt beispielhaft zu Kennlinienbändern aufgeweitete Kennlinien die sich nicht überlappen, bei denen sich die. Grenzkennlinien innerhalb der Kennlinienbänder befinden.
• Fig 6 zeigt beispielhaft zeigt beispielhaft Kennlinien des Verlaufs des Ionisationsstrom-Sollwerts über der Luftzufuhr für zwei Gasgruppen oder Gasfamilien, mit einer weiteren Kennlinie zur Erhöhung der Luftzahl λ umgeschaltet werden kann.

Various details will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. The individual embodiments are not restrictive. The drawings which are attached to the description can be described as follows:

• FIG. 1 schematically shows a combustion device with a control, monitoring and / or monitoring device.
• FIG. 2 shows exemplary curves of the course of the ionization current setpoint over the air supply for two gas groups or gas families.
• FIG. 3 shows by way of example to characteristic bands expanded characteristics of the course of the fuel supply via the air supply without overlap between the characteristic bands, where a boundary characteristic between the characteristic bands exists.
• FIG. 4 shows, by way of example, to characteristic curves expanded characteristics with overlap between the characteristic bands, in which there is a boundary characteristic between the characteristic bands in the region without overlap.
• Fig. 5 shows as an example to characteristic bands expanded characteristics that do not overlap, in which the. Limit curves are located within the characteristic bands.
• Fig. 6 shows by way of example shows exemplary characteristic curves of the course of the ionization current setpoint over the air supply for two gas groups or gas families, with a further characteristic curve to increase the air ratio λ can be switched.

Detailed description

FIG. 1 shows a burner 1. In the combustion chamber 2 of the burner 1 burns in operation, a flame of a heat generator. The heat generator exchanges the heat energy of the hot fuel gases in another fluid such as water. With the warm water, for example, operated a hot water heating system and / or heated drinking water. According to another embodiment, with the thermal energy of the hot combustion gases, a good can be heated, for example, in an industrial process. According to a further embodiment, the heat generator is part of a plant with combined heat and power, for example, a motor of such a system. According to one In another embodiment, the heat generator is a gas turbine. According to yet another embodiment, the heat generator heats a fuel cell and / or battery and / or (lithium-metal) accumulator to the temperature required for their operation. The exhaust gases 8 are removed from the combustion chamber 2, for example via a chimney.

The supply air 4 for the combustion process is supplied to the burner 1 via a (motorized) driven blower 3. Via the signal line 10, the control, control and / or monitoring unit 9, the blower before the supply air amount that it should promote. Thus, the fan speed 11 is a measure of the amount of air delivered.

According to one embodiment, the blower speed 11 of the control, control and / or monitoring unit 9 is reported back by the fan 3. If the air quantity 4 is set via an air flap and / or a valve, the flap and / or valve position and / or the measured value derived from the signal of a mass flow sensor and / or volumetric flow sensor can be used as a measure of the air volume. The sensor is advantageously arranged in the channel for the air supply. Advantageously, the sensor provides a signal which is converted into a flow measurement value by means of a suitable signal processing unit. A signal processing device ideally comprises at least one analog-to-digital converter. According to one embodiment, the signal processing device, in particular the analog-digital converter (s), is integrated into the control, control and / or monitoring unit 9.

As a measure of the amount of air, the measured value of a pressure sensor and / or a mass flow sensor in a bypass channel can be used. The sensor detects a signal which corresponds to the air flow dependent pressure value and / or the air flow (particle and / or mass flow) in the bypass channel. Advantageously, the sensor provides a signal which, based on a suitable signal processing device is converted into a measured value. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the signals of a plurality of sensors are converted into a common measured value. A suitable signal processing device ideally comprises at least one analog-to-digital converter. According to one embodiment, the signal processing device, in particular the analog-digital converter (s), is integrated into the control, control and / or monitoring unit 9.

Mass flow sensors allow the measurement at high flow rates especially in connection with combustion equipment in operation. Typical values of such flow velocities are in the ranges between typically 0.1 m / s and 5 m / s, 10 m / s, 15 m / s, 20 m / s, or even 100 m / s. Mass flow sensors suitable for the present disclosure include OMRON® D6F-W or Type SENSOR TECHNICS® WBA sensors. The usable range of these sensors typically begins at speeds between 0.01 m / s and 0.1 m / s and ends at a speed such as 5 m / s, 10 m / s, 15 m / s, 20 m / s, or even 100 m / s. In other words, lower limits such as 0.1 m / s can be combined with upper limits such as 5 m / s, 10 m / s, 15 m / s, 20 m / s, or even 100 m / s.

The fuel throughput is adjusted and / or adjusted by the control, control and / or monitoring unit 9 with the aid of an actuator and / or a (motor) adjustable valve. In the execution in FIG. 1 the fuel is a fuel gas. A device type can then be connected to different fuel gas sources, for example, sources with high methane content and / or sources with high propane content. In FIG. 1 the amount of fuel gas 6 is adjusted by a (motor) adjustable gas valve 5 of the control, control and / or monitoring unit 9. The control value 12, for example in the case of a pulse-width-modulated signal, of the gas valve is a measure of the amount of fuel gas. The control value 12 of the gas valve is a value for the fuel supply 6. According to a specific embodiment the gas valve 5 is adjusted by means of a stepper motor. In that case, the stepping position of the stepping motor is a measure of the amount of fuel gas.

If a gas flap is used as the actuator, the position of a flap can be used as a measure of the amount of fuel gas. Alternatively, the measurement derived from the signal of a mass flow sensor can be used as a measure of the amount of fuel gas. That sensor is advantageously arranged in the fuel supply channel. That sensor generates a signal which is converted by means of a suitable signal processing device into a flow measurement value (measured value of the particle and / or mass flow). A suitable signal processing device ideally comprises at least one analog-to-digital converter. According to one embodiment, the signal processing device, in particular the analog-to-digital converter (s), is integrated in the control, monitoring and monitoring unit 9.

The person skilled in the art recognizes that the above-mentioned values can also be calculated from a combination of variables determined by sensors. Those values are then mass for the throughput (particle and / or mass flow) of fuel gas. The person skilled in the art will further recognize that in a similar manner the throughput of fuel of a liquid fuel can be determined.

If the fuel throughput is selected as a measure of the current power of the combustion device, the value of the fuel supply 6 with which the actuator 5 is driven can be used as the value of the burner output. Since the fuel supply and the air flow (air supply) are related to one another via the predetermined air ratio λ, the air supply can equally be regarded as a measure of the current performance of the combustion device. Thus, the rotational speed 11 is a representative value for the performance of the combustion device.

Through the ionization 7 flows during operation of the burner, a stream. The material of the ionization electrode 7 is often KANTHAL®, e.g. APM® or A-1®. Nikrothal® electrodes are also contemplated by those skilled in the art.

From the current through the ionization 7, the ionization signal 13 is generated. The signal 13 is read in by the control, control and / or monitoring unit 9 and suitably evaluated. With the aid of the ionization signal 13, a predetermined air ratio λ can be compensated for each throughput of supplied air. In this case, the measured throughput via the actuator in the fuel supply channel and / or via the actuator in the air supply channel is adjusted to a predetermined desired value.

FIG. 2 shows the setpoint values 14 of the ionization flow for two different gas groups / families above the fan speed 11. The skilled artisan recognizes that instead of the fan speed 11, another equivalent size of the throughput of air can be applied. The ionization measured value 13 is regulated via the control loop comprising control unit 9, actuating signal 12, the gas ratio actuator 5 adjusting the mixing ratio, flame in the combustion chamber 2 and current through ionization electrode 7 to the desired value 14 of the ionization current.

By way of the ionization current desired value 14, the air ratio λ is set for each occurring value of the air throughput, that is to say for each fan speed 11. Thus, for example, the ionization current desired value 14 is determined by setting the desired air ratio λ as a function of the fan speed 11 via the gas quantity actuator 5 as an example and determining the subsequently measured value of the ionization current as the characteristic point of the characteristic curve 15, 16. In the described determination of the ionization current setpoint characteristic curve 15, 16, further sensors are preferably used, with the aid of which the air ratio λ can be measured. The skilled person is in particular the measurement of O ₂ value and / or the CO ₂ value in the exhaust gas known. In this case, the air ratio λ can be determined directly from the measurement result. The characteristic curve 15, 16 determined in this way is representative of all combustion devices which have the same assignment of ionization flow 14 over the air throughput and at the same time of the air ratio λ over the air flow. The assignment of the detected of the ionization current measured value 13 to the ionization current desired value 14 and the compensation of the detected ionization current measured value 13 to the desired value 14 thus represents a processing to an air-number measured value which is equivalent to a direct measurement, for example of the O ₂ value in FIG Exhaust gas and a direct calculation of the associated Luftzahl-measured value, which is then corrected to a predetermined Luftzahl setpoint.

The characteristic curve 15 shows the course of the desired value, which can be used for a group of similar gas compositions. One example is the E-gas group, whose main component is methane gas. The characteristic curve 16 shows the course of the desired value, which can be used for a second group of similar gas compositions. Exemplary here is the B / P gas group with mixtures of propane with propene or propane and butane.

The course of the ionization current behaves differently over the burner output (and thus over the required supply of air) due to the different flame pattern for different gas groups. The person skilled in the art recognizes that the characteristics of characteristic curves as in FIG. 2 are not limited to the aforementioned E-gas and / or B / P gas groups.

Each gas group consists of gases, which in turn are mixed with the base gas and other gases. These are for example in the E-gas group mixtures of methane and propane, mixtures of methane and nitrogen or mixtures of methane and hydrogen. The mixtures represent real mixtures of gas sources for the incinerator.

In principle, for each given mixture of gases, but also for each other percentage gas composition up to the boundary mixtures, for a given λ, a characteristic of the fuel flow 12 over the air flow 11 is defined, wherein the air flow rate is selected as the measure of the burner output. In the present case, the characteristic curve is represented by a position of a stepper motor over a fan speed. This results within the boundary mixtures characteristic bands of the fuel supply 12 on the air supply 11th That fact is in FIG. 3 illustrated.

If you want to burn gases, for example, from the E-gas group, then you should set the characteristic curve 15 as setpoint characteristic FIG. 2 choose. If the gas supply actually delivers a gas from the e-gas group, then the characteristic point of the gas currently regulated for a power lies in the characteristic curve 17.

If you want to burn gases from the B / P gas group, the characteristic curve 16 should be selected (as setpoint characteristic). If the gas supply supplies a gas from the B / P gas group, the currently regulated characteristic point of the gas lies in the characteristic curve 18.

1. 1. Der Installateur wählt die Kennlinie 16 für B/P-Gas aus, hat aber ein Gas aus der E-Gruppe im Netz. Damit ist bei hoher Leistung das Gemisch magerer (siehe FIG 2). Bei kleiner Leistung ist das Gemisch etwas fetter, aber die Emissionen sind nicht kritisch.
2. 2. Der Installateur wählt die Kennlinie 15 für E-Gas aus, hat aber ein Gas aus der B/P-Gruppe im Netz. Damit wird bei hoher Leistung das Gemisch fetter. Bei kleiner Leistung wird das Gemisch etwas magerer. Bei kleiner Leistung sind die Emissionen vielfach unkritisch, weil das Gemisch magerer ist (siehe FIG 2). Bei grosser Leistung ist das Gemisch hingegen fetter, sodass kritische Emissionen entstehen können. Jener Zustand sollte daher detektiert werden. Zudem sollte jener Zustand in einen unkritischen Zustand überführt werden.

Normally, an installer is responsible for selecting a correct characteristic for the on-site gas group. If the installer does this incorrectly or fails to select a correct characteristic curve, the following further combinations are possible:

1. 1. The installer selects characteristic 16 for B / P gas, but has a gas from the E group in the network. Thus, at high power, the mixture is leaner (see FIG. 2 ). At low power, the mixture is a bit richer, but emissions are not critical.
2. 2. The installer selects the characteristic 15 for E-gas, but has a gas from the B / P group in the network. This makes the mixture richer at high power. At low power, the mixture is a bit leaner. At low power emissions are often uncritical because the mixture is leaner (see FIG. 2 ). On the other hand, when the power is high, the mixture is richer, which can cause critical emissions. That state should therefore be detected. In addition, that state should be converted to a non-critical state.

The aforementioned list of possible combinations is not exhaustive.

The two gas groups E-gas and B / P-gas have a sufficient distance of the minimum air requirements L _min for their respective gases to each other. Therefore, the characteristic bands overlap FIG. 3 Not. Consequently, a limit characteristic 19 between both characteristic bands can be defined. The limit characteristic curve 19 advantageously proceeds as an arithmetic mean between the upper and lower limits of the characteristic bands 18 and 17 FIG. 3 ,

If the characteristic curve for the gas group used is selected correctly, the regulated characteristic point for gases of the E-gas group is above the limit characteristic curve 19. For gases of the B / P gas group, the corrected characteristic point is below the limit characteristic curve 19 if the characteristic curve is selected correctly.

If, on the other hand, the wrong characteristic curve is selected for a gas used, the regulated characteristic point is not always in the characteristic band of the group of gases on the other side of the limit characteristic curve 19. However, the regulated characteristic point lies on the other side of the limit characteristic curve 19. Thus lies the regulated characteristic point in the case of a gas of the E-gas group with the wrong characteristic curve below the limit characteristic curve 19. For a gas from the B / P gas group, the regulated characteristic point lies above the limit characteristic curve 19. The position of the regulated characteristic point in With reference to the limit characteristic curve 19, it is therefore possible to detect the faulty selection of a characteristic curve for a fuel.

Environmental influences such as changes in the air temperature, the air pressure, the gas temperature, the pressure at the gas inlet and / or the humidity often affect the accuracy of the value of air flow rate or fuel flow rate. This is especially true when these influences are not already compensated for the detection of corresponding signals, for example, based on a mass flow sensor. For uncompensated values of air flow and / or gas flow, this will be reflected in the characteristic diagram FIG. 3 as widening of the characteristic bands 17 and / or 18. The characteristic bands 17 and / or 18 often do not overlap (yet) despite such influences in practice. The person skilled in the art recognizes that air throughput and throughput of fuel can advantageously be represented by fan speed 11 and by the position of the stepping motor of a gas valve 5.

If even further tolerances are added, in particular (mechanical) tolerances of the gas valve 5, then it may happen that the characteristic bands 17 and 18 overlap (partially). Such a situation is in FIG. 4 shown. According to a specific embodiment, at least 2 percent of the areas of the characteristic bands 17 and 18 overlap, at least 5 percent overlapping of the areas of the characteristic bands 17 and 18 is possible, and there are cases with at least 20 percent or at least 50 percent overlap of the areas of the characteristic bands 17 and 18th

Overlaps of the characteristic bands occur in practice, especially in the lower power range (ie at low fan speeds). In that range, the characteristic bands 17 and 18 are close to each other. According to one embodiment, the overlaps occur in the lower 60% of the power range, according to a particular embodiment in the lower 40% or 10% of the power range.

However, often uncritical emissions occur in the lower performance range. Therefore, it may make sense to carry out the test for the correct gas group only in the upper performance range. In that area, the characteristic bands 17 and 18 do not overlap. There, the limit characteristic 19 can be clearly defined between the characteristic bands. Also in this case, for example, the limit characteristic 19 can be defined as an arithmetic mean between the upper and lower limits of the characteristic bands 18 and 17.

The limit characteristic 19 is then defined only by the maximum power (corresponding to the maximum air flow rate and / or the maximum fan speed) up to a defined limit 20. Preferably, the defined limit 20 is above the power range in which the characteristic bands 17 and 18 overlap. According to a further preferred embodiment, the defined limit 20 is at least 5% of the maximum power, furthermore preferably at least 10% of the maximum power, also preferably at least 20% of the maximum power, above the first overlap (starting from the maximum power) between the characteristic belts 17 and 18. In the case of characteristic curves stored in tabular form, the limit 20 can also be (starting from the maximum power) the last overlap-free tabular value of the characteristic curve.

The check as to whether the regulated characteristic point is on the right side of the limit characteristic 19 takes place only in the region between the limit 20 and the maximum power.

• (Ausgabe eines Signals zur) Abschaltung der Brennereinrichtung,
• (Ausgabe eines Signals zur) Überführung der Brennereinrichtung in Störstellung,
• (Ausgabe eines Signals zur) Anzeige einer Warnmeldung an einer Anzeige der Brennereinrichtung,
• Mitteilung an ein mobiles Endgerät eines Benutzers und / oder eines Spezialisten,
• Umschaltung auf die richtige Kennlinie (im Betrieb) und Fortsetzung des Betriebs.

If it is detected that the regulated characteristic point is on the wrong side of the limit characteristic 19, it should be responded. This is accompanied by the goal of (largely) avoiding (critical) emissions. Possible reactions are

• (Output of a signal for) shutdown of the burner device,
• (Output of a signal to) transfer of the burner device in fault position,
• (Output of a signal for) Display of a warning message on a display of the burner device,
• Notification to a mobile terminal of a user and / or a specialist,
• Switchover to the correct characteristic curve (during operation) and continuation of operation.

The person skilled in the art recognizes that combinations of the abovementioned reactions are possible. The above list of possible reactions is not exhaustive.

Incorrectly set characteristic curves usually occur during the installation of the burner device and / or when changing the gas supply. According to a special embodiment, the detection of a wrong set characteristic is therefore limited to the first hours of operation and / or to the first days of operation. In particular, the detection of an incorrectly set characteristic may be limited to the first 5 hours of operation and / or to the first 50 hours of operation and / or to the first 500 hours of operation. The person skilled in the art recognizes that the time limit for the detection of a wrong set characteristic can depend on the network (gas supply network). The time limit of the detection of a wrong set characteristic is advantageous, because it prevents false detection because of extreme environmental influences. Such extreme environmental influences are, for example, a cover of the exhaust path during the life of the burner device.

In a faulty selection of a setpoint characteristic 15 or 16 with the result of a wrong gas group for the selected characteristic as fuel gas 6, the limit characteristic curve 19 can move into the bands 17 and / or 18. This case is in FIG. 5 shown. Due to the different Setpoint characteristic curves 15 and 16, one now obtains two limit characteristic curves 21 and 22. With correct operation with E-gas one finds oneself in the volume 17. Above the boundary characteristic 21 one surely has E gas as fuel gas 6. Below the limit characteristic 21 one has Fuel gas 6 either E-gas or B / P gas. In this case, it can not be detected below the limit characteristic 21 whether one has E gas or B / P gas as the fuel gas 6.

In the correct operation with B / P gas you are in the band 18. Below the limit curve 22 is safe B / P gas as fuel gas 6. Above the limit curve 21 has as fuel gas 6 either B / P gas or else e-gas. In this case, it can not be detected above the limit characteristic 22 whether the device is supplied with B / P gas or E gas.

The person skilled in the art recognizes that at least one of the two limit characteristic curves 21, 22 can also lie between the belts 17, 18. If one selects a gas group and is only one of the limit characteristic curves for the wrong gas group 21 or 22 within the band 17 or 18 assigned to the gas group, an operation with the wrong gas group can not be revealed across all tolerances and influences. The person skilled in the art also recognizes such in the event that both limit characteristics 21, 22 lie within the band 17 or 18, which is assigned to the respective gas group. This case is in FIG. 5 outlined.

If both characteristic bands 17, 18 completely overlap, one obtains a similarly stored case. Above and below the overlap area you can certainly see the gas group. The upper and lower boundary lines of the overlapping area then form the two boundary characteristics 21 and 22.

If both limit characteristics 21, 22 are outside the respectively assigned band 17, 18, then a common limit characteristic can be obtained 19 are found, which completely fulfills the function of the two limit characteristics 21, 22.

In the event that at least one of the two limit curves 21, 22 for a gas group within the associated band 17 or 18, a shutdown reaction when exceeding this limit characteristic 17 or 18 is out of the question, since the correct fuel gas could be 6 in the supply line , For example, a drop below the characteristic curve 21 is still detected for the case mentioned. In order to ensure that no critical emissions can occur in the case of the wrong gas group B / P in the supply line, the A value is increased below the characteristic curve 21, in order to obtain a sufficiently large safety distance to the λ limit, in which Case of the wrong gas group B / P as fuel gas 6 critical emissions occur.

In FIG. 6 is shown with which measure the increase of the A-value is achieved. If the position of the fuel valve 5 is adjusted so that it is above the limit characteristic curve 21, then the setpoint value of the ionization current over the entire power range is preset via the predetermined nominal value characteristic curve 15. This is possible because it is ensured above the limit characteristic curve 21 that only E gas is present as fuel gas 6 in the supply line. If the limit characteristic curve 21 is undershot, B / P gas could also be present as fuel gas 6 in the supply line. In this case, a setpoint characteristic 23 is specified, which adjusts the device to a larger A value. This ensures that even in the case of B / P gas as fuel gas 6 in the supply line no critical emissions can occur. The person skilled in the art recognizes that the lowering of the nominal value characteristic curve to the characteristic curve 23 is only carried out where critical emissions can also occur. This is determined by experiments with the wrong gas group for a selected characteristic 15. The λ-lowering is then carried out from an air flow point 24 corresponding to the associated burner power point, from the B / P gas as the fuel gas 6 critical emissions occur. In a particular embodiment, the characteristic 23 may be defined as a straight line, which is defined by its end point and the point 24. Thus, the characteristic 23 can be deposited easily (and without much memory) in the control, control and monitoring unit 9.

By this measure, a change in the A value for the case of correct operation with e-gas only in the edge region of the belt 18, ie at boundary patterns of the fuel valve 5 and / or in borderline environmental conditions. Thus, only for these cases, a slightly lower efficiency occurs, which must then be accepted.

The person skilled in the art recognizes that a similar procedure can be carried out for the limit characteristic curve 22. However, this is not absolutely necessary because normally there are no critical emissions.

The limit characteristic curve 19 and the limit characteristic curves 21, 22 are stored in the form of a table in the (non-volatile) memory of the regulating and / or control and / or monitoring device 9 according to one embodiment. Intermediate values between the points stored in the table are obtained, for example, by linear interpolation. Alternatively, intermediate values between the points defined by the table are interpolated by a polynomial over several adjacent values and / or over (cubic) splines. The person skilled in the art recognizes that other forms of interpolation can also be realized.

According to another embodiment, the limit characteristic curve 19 or the limit characteristic curves 21, 22 is also calculated from other characteristic values from the characteristic curves, for example limit characteristics and / or reference characteristics of representative actuators under defined environmental conditions. In particular, the limit characteristic curve 19 can have a defined distance ratio to the two reference characteristics over the entire power range. In turn, another embodiment the deposition of the boundary characteristics 19, 21, 22 is based on (sectionally defined) functions such as lines and / or polynomials.

Parts of a control unit and / or a method according to the present disclosure may be realized as hardware, as a software module executed by a computing unit, or based on a cloud computer, or by a combination of the aforementioned possibilities. The software may include firmware, a hardware driver running within an operating system, or an application program. Thus, the present disclosure also relates to a computer program product that incorporates the features of this disclosure or performs the necessary steps. When implemented as software, the functions described may be stored as one or more instructions on a computer-readable medium. Some examples of computer-readable media include random access memory (RAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, electronically programmable ROM (EPROM), electronically programmable and erasable ROM (EEPROM), arithmetic unit, register Hard disk, a removable storage device, optical storage, or any suitable medium that can be accessed by a computer or other IT devices and applications.

• Erfassen mindestens eines Signals 13 des mindestens einen Sensors 7,
• Übermitteln des mindestens einen Signals 13 an die Signalverarbeitungseinheit 9,
• Verarbeiten des mindestens einen Signals 13 zu einem Luftzahl-Messwert,
• Übermitteln des Luftzahl-Messwerts an die Überwachungseinheit 9,
• Zuordnen des mindestens einen Luftzahl-Messwerts und der angeforderten Leistung 11 der Brennereinrichtung zu einem Wertepaar für den Brennstoff 6 umfassend einen Wert einer Brennstoffzufuhr 12 zur Brennereinrichtung und den Wert der angeforderten Leistung der Brennereinrichtung 11,
• Vergleichen des zugeordneten Wertepaares mit dem im Speicher der Überwachungseinheit 9 hinterlegten mindestens einen Fehler-Bereich an Kennwerten,
• Detektieren, dass das zugeordnete Wertepaar ausserhalb eines Bereichs für ein sicheres Vorliegen des Brennstoffs 6 aus der vorgegebenen Brennstoffgruppe (am Anschluss der Brennereinrichtung) liegt, falls als Ergebnis des Vergleichs die ermittelte Position des zugeordneten Wertepaares in dem im Speicher der Überwachungseinheit 9 hinterlegten mindestens einen Fehler-Bereich an Kennwerten liegt,
• Erzeugen eines Fehlersignals, falls das zugeordnete Wertepaar ausserhalb des Bereichs für ein sicheres Vorliegen des Brennstoffs 6 der vorgegebenen Brennstoffgruppe (am Anschluss der Brennereinrichtung) liegt.

In other words, the present disclosure teaches a method for combusting a fuel 6 from a given fuel group originating from a connection of a burner device to a supply source taking into account a value of a requested power 11 of the burner device, the burner device comprising at least one sensor 7, a signal processing unit 9 and a monitoring unit 9 with a memory in which at least one fault range is stored on characteristic values for the given fuel group, wherein the at least one fault range of characteristic values comprises exclusively such characteristic values, the occurrence of which is to be avoided and / or precluded by the burner device during (correctly regulated) combustion of a fuel 6 from the given fuel group, the method comprising the steps:

• Detecting at least one signal 13 of the at least one sensor 7,
• Transmitting the at least one signal 13 to the signal processing unit 9,
• Processing the at least one signal 13 to an air-fuel ratio reading,
• Transmitting the air ratio reading to the monitoring unit 9,
• Assigning the at least one air-fuel ratio measured value and the requested power 11 of the burner device to a value pair for the fuel 6 comprising a value of a fuel supply 12 to the burner device and the value of the requested power of the burner device 11,
• Comparing the assigned value pair with the at least one error range of characteristic values stored in the memory of the monitoring unit 9,
• Detecting that the associated pair of values outside the range for a safe presence of the fuel 6 from the given fuel group (at the terminal of the burner device) is, if as a result of the comparison, the determined position of the associated value pair in the stored in the memory of the monitoring unit 9 at least one error Range is at characteristic values,
• Generating an error signal if the associated value pair is outside the range for the safe presence of the fuel 6 of the predetermined fuel group (at the terminal of the burner device).

According to a special embodiment, the supply source is a supply network, in particular a gas supply network.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, wherein the at least one sensor of the burner device is an ionization electrode 7.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, wherein the memory of the monitoring device 9 is non-volatile.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, wherein the signal processing unit 9 comprises at least one analog-to-digital converter.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, wherein the signal processing unit 9 is integrated in the monitoring unit 9.

• Bestimmen einer Grenzkennlinie 19, 21, 22 welche (als arithmetisches und / oder geometrisches Mittel) zwischen benachbarten Begrenzungskurven des ersten und des zweiten Kennlinienbandes 17 - 18 (und vorzugsweise im überlappungsfreien Bereich der Kennlinienbänder 17 - 18) verläuft,
• wobei die benachbarten Begrenzungskurven unter den mindestens zwei Begrenzungskurven des ersten Kennlinienbandes 17 und unter den mindestens zwei Begrenzungskurven des zweiten Kennlinienbandes 18 diejenigen Begrenzungskurven sind, welche zu jeder gegebenen Leistung 11 der Brennereinrichtung den geringsten Abstand voneinander haben,
• Hinterlegen der bestimmten Grenzkennlinie 19, 21, 22 im Speicher der Überwachungseinrichtung 9.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, wherein in the memory of the monitoring device 9 in addition a first characteristic band 17 having at least two boundary curves for a first fuel group and a second band of characteristics 18 are deposited with at least two boundary curves for a second fuel group, the method additionally comprising the Steps:

• Determining a limit characteristic 19, 21, 22 which extends (as an arithmetic and / or geometric mean) between adjacent boundary curves of the first and second characteristic bands 17-18 (and preferably in the non-overlapping region of the characteristic bands 17-18),
• wherein the adjacent limiting curves among the at least two limiting curves of the first characteristic band 17 and under the at least two limiting curves of the second characteristic band 18 are those limiting curves which have the smallest distance to each given power 11 of the burner device,
• Depositing the specific limit characteristic 19, 21, 22 in the memory of the monitoring device 9.

• Übermitteln des Fehlersignals an den mindestens einen Aktor 5 des Brennstoffzufuhrkanals 25 der Brennereinrichtung, falls das zugeordnete Wertepaar ausserhalb des Bereichs für ein sicheres Vorliegen des Brennstoffs 6 der vorgegebenen Brennstoffgruppe liegt,
• Überführen des mindestens einen Aktors 5 des Brennstoffzufuhrkanals 25 in Störstellung bei Eingang des Fehlersignals am Aktor 5 des Brennstoffzufuhrkanals 25 (, sodass in Störstellung die Brennereinrichtung abgeschaltet ist und die Brennereinrichtung nicht selbsständig einen Verbrennungsprozess in Gang setzen kann).

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, the burner device comprising a fuel supply channel 25 with at least one actuator 5, the method additionally comprising the steps

• Transmission of the error signal to the at least one actuator 5 of the fuel supply channel 25 of the burner device, if the associated value pair is outside the range for a safe presence of the fuel 6 of the predetermined fuel group,
• Conversion of the at least one actuator 5 of the fuel supply channel 25 in fault position upon receipt of the error signal at the actuator 5 of the fuel supply channel 25 (so that in fault position, the burner device is turned off and the burner device can not automatically initiate a combustion process).

The fuel supply passage 25 is preferably in fluid communication with the combustion chamber 2.

• wobei der Schritt des Überführens des mindestens einen Aktors 5 des Brennstoffzufuhrkanals 25 in Störstellung den Schritt des Schliessens des Gasventils 5 umfasst, sodass der Brennstoffzufuhrkanal 25 unterbrochen wird.

The present disclosure also teaches the aforementioned method, wherein the at least one actuator of the fuel supply passage 25 is a fuel valve 5, wherein the fuel valve 5 is designed to close upon receipt of the error signal and the fuel supply passage 25 is formed, due to the closure of the fuel valve 5 to interrupted become,

• wherein the step of transferring the at least one actuator 5 of the fuel supply channel 25 to the fault position comprises the step of closing the gas valve 5, so that the fuel supply channel 25 is interrupted.

According to a specific embodiment, the fuel valve 5 is a gas valve 5.

• Übermitteln des Fehlersignals an die Steuereinheit für die Anzeige, falls das zugeordnete Wertepaar ausserhalb des Bereichs für ein sicheres Vorliegen des Brennstoffs 6 der vorgegebenen Brennstoffgruppe liegt,
• Ausgeben einer Warnmeldung an der Anzeige der Brennereinrichtung bei Eingang des Fehlersignals an der Steuereinheit.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, the burner device additionally comprising a display configured to output a warning message and a control unit for the display, the method additionally comprising the steps of:

• Transmitting the error signal to the control unit for the display, if the assigned value pair is outside the range for the safe presence of the fuel 6 of the given fuel group,
• Issuing a warning message on the display of the burner device upon receipt of the error signal to the control unit.

• Übermitteln des Fehlersignals an die Kommunikationseinheit falls das zugeordnete Wertepaar ausserhalb des Bereichs für ein sicheres Vorliegen des Brennstoffs 6 der vorgegebenen Brennstoffgruppe liegt,
• Senden einer Warnmeldung an ein mobiles Endgerät eines Benutzers und / oder eines Spezialisten bei Eingang des Fehlersignals an der Kommunikationseinheit der Brennereinrichtung.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, the burner device additionally comprising a communication unit configured to send a warning message to a mobile terminal of a user and / or a specialist, the method additionally comprising the steps:

• Transmitting the error signal to the communication unit if the associated pair of values is outside the range for a safe presence of the fuel 6 of the given fuel group,
• Sending a warning message to a mobile terminal of a user and / or a specialist upon receipt of the error signal at the communication unit of the burner device.

• Übermitteln des Fehlersignals an die Regeleinheit 9, falls das zugeordnete Wertepaar ausserhalb des Bereichs für ein sicheres Vorliegen des Brennstoffs 6 der vorgegebenen Brennstoffgruppe liegt,
• bei Eingang des Fehlersignals an der Regeleinheit 9 Bestimmen der hinterlegten Kennlinie 15 - 16, anhand derer die Regeleinheit 9 die Brennereinrichtung (aktuell) regelt, und Regeln der Brennereinrichtung anhand einer anderen Kennlinie 16 - 15 als der bestimmten Kennlinie 15 - 16.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, the burner device additionally comprising a control unit 9 with a (non-volatile) memory, wherein in the memory of the control unit 9, a first characteristic 15 (for a first fuel group) and a second characteristic 16 (for a the second characteristic 16 is different from the first characteristic 15) and the control unit 9 is designed to control the burner device by means of either the first characteristic 15 or the second characteristic 16, the method additionally comprising the steps:

• Transmitting the error signal to the control unit 9, if the associated value pair is outside the range for a safe presence of the fuel 6 of the predetermined fuel group,
• upon receipt of the error signal at the control unit 9, determination of the stored characteristic curve 15-16, by means of which the control unit 9 controls the burner device (current), and control of the burner device on the basis of another characteristic curve 16-15 than the specific characteristic curve 15-16.

• Übermitteln des Fehlersignals an die Regeleinheit 9, falls das zugeordnete Wertepaar ausserhalb des Bereichs für ein sicheres Vorliegen des Brennstoffs 6 der vorgegebenen Brennstoffgruppe liegt,
• bei Eingang des Fehlersignals an der Regeleinheit 9 Bestimmen der hinterlegten Kennlinie 15 - 16, anhand derer die Regeleinheit 9 die Brennereinrichtung (aktuell) regelt, und
• Regeln (vorzugsweise für angeforderte Leistungen 11 der Brennereinrichtung grösser als die hinterlegte kritische Brennerleistung 24) der Brennereinrichtung anhand der weiteren Kennlinie 23.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, the burner device additionally comprising a control unit 9 with a (non-volatile) memory, wherein in the memory of the control unit 9 at least one characteristic 15-16 for a given fuel group and another (of the at least one Characteristic 15 - 16 different) characteristic curve 23 (and preferably a critical burner power 24) are deposited and the control unit 9 is designed to control the burner device based on either the at least one characteristic 15-16 or the other characteristic curve 23, the method additionally comprising the steps :

• Transmitting the error signal to the control unit 9, if the associated value pair is outside the range for a safe presence of the fuel 6 of the predetermined fuel group,
• upon receipt of the error signal at the control unit 9 determining the stored characteristic 15-16, by means of which the control unit 9 controls the burner device (current), and
• Rules (preferably for requested services 11 of the burner device greater than the deposited critical burner power 24) of the burner device on the basis of the further characteristic curve 23.

The further characteristic curve 23 of the abovementioned method is preferably a fallback characteristic curve 23, wherein the regulating device is designed to regulate the burner device on the basis of the fallback characteristic curve 23 and thereby independent of the given fuel group critical and / or (by standards and / or laws) to avoid prohibited emissions. According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit 9 is integrated in the monitoring device 9.

• Einlesen eines Indexes, der einem der hinterlegten kennlinienbänder 17 - 18 entspricht, aus dem Speicher der Überwachungseinrichtung 9,
• Auswählen desjenigen Kennlinienbandes 17 - 18, dem der eingelesene Index entspricht,
• Ermitteln einer Seite der Grenzkennlinie 19, 21, 22, auf welcher ausschliesslich Brennstoff 6 der dem ausgewählten Kennlinienband 17 - 18 zugeordneten Brennstoffgruppe verbrannt werden kann und / oder Ermitteln einer Seite der Grenzkennlinie 19, 21, 22, welche dem ausgewählten Kennlinienband 17 - 18 zugewandt ist,
• Bestimmen eines Bereichs an Kennwerten, wobei der bestimmte Bereich gegenüber der ermittelten Seite der Grenzkennlinie 19, 21, 22 liegt,
• Hinterlegen des bestimmten Bereichs an Kennwerten als mindestens ein Fehler-Bereich an Kennwerten für die vorgegebene Brennstoffgruppe im Speicher der Überwachungseinrichtung 9.

The present disclosure also teaches one of the aforementioned methods, wherein in the memory of the monitoring device 9, in addition, for each of the deposited characteristic bands 17-18, a fuel group is assigned and an index is stored, the method additionally comprising the steps:

• Reading in an index corresponding to one of the stored characteristic bands 17-18 from the memory of the monitoring device 9,
• Selecting the characteristic band 17 - 18 corresponding to the read-in index,
• Determining a side of the limit characteristic 19, 21, 22, on which only fuel 6 of the selected characteristic band 17 - 18 associated fuel group can be burned and / or determining a side of the boundary curve 19, 21, 22, which the selected characteristic band 17 - 18 faces is
• Determining a range of characteristic values, the specific range being opposite to the determined side of the limit characteristic curve 19, 21, 22,
• Storing the specific range of characteristic values as at least one error range of characteristic values for the given fuel group in the memory of the monitoring device 9.

The aforementioned fuel group preferably comprises at least one fuel.

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing an instruction set for execution by at least one processor that, when executed by a processor, performs one of the foregoing methods.

The above refers to individual embodiments of the disclosure. Various changes may be made to the embodiments without departing from the basic idea and without departing from the scope of this disclosure leave. The subject matter of the present disclosure is defined by its claims. Various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the following claims.

reference numeral

1

burner

2

firebox

3

(motor driven) blower

4

supply air

5

Gas quantity actuator (motorized valve)

6

Fuel, especially fuel gas

7

ionisation

8th

exhaust

9

Control, control and / or monitoring unit (with non-volatile memory)

10

Signal line for specifying the air supply (air flow) to the blower

11

(Signal line for transmitting the) fan speed

12

Signal line for specification of fuel supply (fuel throughput) to the gas quantity actuator

13

Signal line for ionization signal

14

Setpoint of the ionization current

15

Characteristic eg for gases of the E-gas group

16

Characteristic, for example, for gases of the B / P gas group

17

Characteristic band, for example, for gases of the E-gas group

18

Characteristic band, for example, for gases of the B / P gas group

19

Limiting characteristic

20

Limit of the power value at which the limit characteristic is defined

21, 22

Limiting characteristics

23

Characteristic curve for increased air ratio λ

24

Limit of the power value, from which the characteristic for increased air ratio λ can be switched over

25

Fuel supply channel

Claims (15)

A method for combusting a fuel (6) from a given fuel group originating from a connection of a burner device to a supply source taking into account a value of a requested power (11) of the burner device, the burner device comprising at least one sensor (7), a signal processing unit (9) and a monitoring unit (9) having a memory in which at least one fault range of characteristic values is stored for the given fuel group, wherein the at least one fault range of characteristic values only includes those characteristic values whose occurrence occurs during combustion of the predetermined fuel group by the burner device should be avoided, the method comprising the steps: Detecting at least one signal (13) of the at least one sensor (7), Transmitting the at least one signal (13) to the signal processing unit (9), Processing the at least one signal (13) into a measured air value, Transmitting the air ratio reading to the monitoring unit (9), Assigning the at least one air ratio measured value and the requested power (11) of the burner device to a value pair for the fuel (6) comprising a value (12) of a fuel supply to the burner device and the value of the requested power of the burner device (11), Comparing the assigned value pair with the at least one error range of characteristic values stored in the memory of the monitoring unit (9), Detecting that the assigned pair of values lies outside of a range for a safe presence of the fuel (6) from the given fuel group, if, as a result of the comparison, the determined position of the associated value pair in the stored in the memory of the monitoring unit (9) at least one error range is at characteristic values, Generating an error signal if the associated value pair is outside the range for a safe presence of the fuel (6) of the given fuel group. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor of the burner device is an ionization electrode (7). The method according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the memory of the monitoring device (9) is non-volatile. The method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the signal processing unit (9) comprises at least one analog-to-digital converter. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the signal processing unit (9) is integrated in the monitoring unit (9). The method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a first characteristic band (17) with at least two limiting curves for a first fuel group and a second characteristic band (18) with at least two limiting curves for a second fuel group are additionally stored in the memory of the monitoring device (9) , the method additionally comprising the steps: Determining a limit characteristic (19, 21, 22) which runs between adjacent boundary curves of the first and second characteristic bands (17-18), wherein the adjacent limiting curves among the at least two limiting curves of the first characteristic band (17) and under the at least two limiting curves of the second characteristic band (18) are those limiting curves which have the smallest distance from each given power (11) of the burner device, Deposit of the determined limit characteristic (19, 21, 22) in the memory of the monitoring device (9). The method according to claim 6, wherein in the memory of the monitoring device (9) in addition for each of the stored characteristic bands (17-18) assigned a fuel group and an index is deposited, the method additionally comprising the steps: Reading an index corresponding to one of the stored characteristic bands (17-18) from the memory of the monitoring device (9), Select the characteristic band (17 - 18) corresponding to the index read in, Determining one side of the limit characteristic curve (19, 21, 22) on which only fuel (6) of the fuel group assigned to the selected characteristic band (17 - 18) can be burnt, Determining a range of characteristic values, the specific range being opposite to the determined side of the limit characteristic (19, 21, 22), Depositing the specific range of characteristic values as at least one error range of characteristic values for the given fuel group in the memory of the monitoring device (9). The method according to one of claims 1 to 7, the burner device comprising a fuel supply channel (25) with at least one actuator (5), the method additionally comprising the steps
Transmitting the error signal to the at least one actuator (5) of the fuel supply channel (25) of the burner device, if the associated value pair is outside the range for a safe presence of the fuel (6) of the predetermined fuel group,
Transfer of the at least one actuator (5) of the fuel supply channel (25) in fault position upon receipt of the error signal at the actuator (5) of the fuel supply channel (25). The method according to claim 8, wherein the at least one actuator of the fuel supply passage (25) is a gas valve (5), wherein the gas valve (5) is formed upon receipt of the error signal to close and the fuel supply channel (25) is adapted to be interrupted due to the closure of the gas valve (5),
wherein the step of transferring the at least one actuator (5) of the fuel supply channel (25) to the fault position comprises the step of closing the gas valve (5) so that the fuel supply channel (25) is interrupted. The method according to one of claims 1 to 9, the burner device additionally comprising a display configured to output a warning message and a control unit for the display, the method additionally comprising the steps: Transmitting the error signal to the control unit for the display if the associated value pair is outside the range for the safe presence of the fuel (6) of the given fuel group, Issuing a warning message on the display of the burner device upon receipt of the error signal to the control unit. The method according to one of claims 1 to 10, the burner device additionally comprising a communication unit configured to send a warning message to a mobile terminal of a user and / or a specialist, the method additionally comprising the steps: Transmitting the error signal to the communication unit if the associated pair of values is outside the range for the safe presence of the fuel (6) of the given fuel group, Sending a warning message to a mobile terminal of a user and / or a specialist upon receipt of the error signal at the communication unit of the burner device. The method according to one of claims 1 to 11, the burner device additionally comprising a control unit with a memory (9), wherein in the memory of the control unit (9) a first characteristic (15) and a second characteristic (16) are deposited and the control unit is trained, the Regulate burner device based on either the first characteristic 15 or the second characteristic 16, the method additionally comprising the steps: Transmitting the error signal to the control unit (9) if the associated pair of values is outside the range for the safe presence of the fuel (6) of the given fuel group, upon receipt of the error signal at the control unit (9) determining the stored characteristic curve (15-16), by means of which the control unit (9) controls the burner device, and Control the burner device based on another characteristic (16-15) than the specific characteristic (15-16). The method according to one of claims 1 to 11, the burner device additionally comprising a control unit with a memory (9), wherein in the memory of the control unit (9) at least one characteristic (15-16) for a given fuel group and another of the at least one Characteristic (15-16) different characteristic (23) are deposited and the control unit (9) is designed to control the burner device based on either the at least one characteristic (15-16) or the other characteristic (23), the method additionally comprising the Steps: Transmitting the error signal to the control unit (9) if the associated pair of values is outside the range for the safe presence of the fuel (6) of the given fuel group, upon receipt of the error signal at the control unit (9) determining the stored characteristic curve (15-16), by means of which the control unit (9) controls the burner device, and Rules of the burner device based on the further characteristic curve (23). The method according to one of claims 1 to 11, the burner device additionally comprising a control unit with a memory (9), wherein in the memory of the control unit (9) at least one characteristic (15-16) for a given fuel group and another of the at least one Characteristic (15-16) different characteristic (23) and a critical burner power (24) are deposited and the control unit (9) is formed, the burner device based on either the at least one characteristic (15-16) or the other characteristic (23) regulate the process additionally comprising the steps: Transmitting the error signal to the control unit (9) if the associated pair of values is outside the range for the safe presence of the fuel (6) of the given fuel group, upon receipt of the error signal at the control unit (9) determining the stored characteristic curve (15-16), by means of which the control unit (9) controls the burner device, and Rules for requested services (11) of the burner device greater than the stored critical burner power (24) of the burner device based on the further characteristic curve (23). A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing an instruction set for execution by at least one processor which, when executed by a processor, performs a method comprising the steps of any one of claims 1 to 14.

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