EP3292250B1 - Device, system and method for protecting an edge of a bucket - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for protecting a bucket edge, as well as a protection system comprising such a device. The present invention also relates to a method of protecting a bucket edge using such a protection system.

The field of application of the invention is that of equipment for public works machinery or mining machinery, in particular buckets, buckets or other receptacles fitted on such machinery, or more generally any other receptacle capable of to come scrape, take and / or move materials with a view to their evacuation from a given place to other operating stations. In the context of public works, such machines can be in the form for example of an excavator, an excavator, a backhoe loader, or even any construction machine of the same type. In the context of mining, this type of device can be, for example, a loader, an LHD (“load-haul-dump”), or any other device of the same type.

In known manner, a bucket forms a container with an access opening which is generally rectangular in shape. The ridges delimiting the opening generally form a leading blade, an upper blade and two side wings. The edges in question and in particular the leading blade, generally need to be protected by wearing parts which are removably mounted to cover the edges in question. These known wearing parts form, for example, bucket teeth, or shields. To facilitate and guide the attachment of these wear parts to the bucket, the bucket is generally equipped with adapter brackets which are welded or screwed to the bucket, the wear parts being designed to be mounted on the adapter brackets.

The document WO 2005/098149 offers a wear assembly for a digging bucket. In this case, the wearing part is designed to be able to be slidably threaded onto an adapter support integral with the bucket. The wearing part has an opening which, when the wearing part is assembled on the adapter support, opens into a hollow shape of the adapter support. The assembly also includes a fastening means formed by a body received in the opening of the wear part, so as to be able to be housed in the opening of the support-adapter and thus secure the wear part with the support. -adaptor.

In order to keep the fixing means in the opening of the wearing part, the fixing means in question is provided with a threaded hole which can receive a threaded rod. By screwing, the end of the latter can be brought into close contact with a receiving surface of the opening of the wearing part. Thus, the fixing means is fixed in the opening by wedging under the tightening pressure of the screw.

However, this type of assembly has certain limitations. First, the reliability of the wedging of the fixing means depends on the clamping force applied to the threaded rod, so that insufficient force is liable to compromise the reliability of the assembly. Secondly, the rotation of the threaded rod requires several turns in order to operate a satisfactory tightening, which is likely to constitute a substantial loss of time for the operator, in particular in the case where many wearing parts must be placed on the bucket. In addition, under the effect of vibrations and abrasion caused by the materials carried in the bucket, there is a risk of loosening the threaded rod and therefore of accidental dismantling of the fastening means, which is liable to result in a detachment of the wearing part concerned. Conversely, it can sometimes prove to be difficult for an operator to disassemble a worn wearing part, in the event that the threaded rod is particularly tight, or even stuck by materials accumulated during the use of the bucket.

Consequently, the aim of the invention is to remedy the various drawbacks mentioned above and to provide a new device for protecting a bucket edge, the mounting of which on the bucket is at the same time reliable, easy and rapid.

To this end, the invention relates to a device for protecting an edge of a work or extraction machine bucket, the bucket comprising a receiving rail of the protection device, a retaining slot for the retaining device. protection being provided in the rail.

The protection device of the invention comprises an edge protection part, which is designed to be threaded on the sliding rail along a sliding axis up to a protection configuration of the edge, a window being provided. through the protection piece so that, in the protection configuration, the window opens into the retaining slot. The protection device of the invention also comprises a wedge which is designed to be mounted within the window so as to be housed, in the protection configuration, in the retaining slot, in order to block the sliding of the protection piece. relative to the rail and thus secure the latter to one another. According to the invention, the protection part comprises at least one locking stopper arranged at the periphery of the window, the protection device comprising a locking key movable relative to the wedge about a pivot axis, between a first angular position, in which it allows the assembly and disassembly of the wedge in the window and a second angular position, in which the key comes into abutment against the locking stop and thus prevents disassembly of the wedge.

Thanks to the invention, a locking stop is provided within the window, against which the rotary key, when in a suitable orientation, bears. In this configuration, any risk of accidental extraction of the wedge from the window is thus prevented. The abutment of these two elements against each other advantageously ensures the locking of the wedge in its housing, which is formed by the window and the retaining slot, without requiring tightening. On the other hand, when the key is in another orientation, it no longer abuts against the locking stop and therefore no longer opposes assembly or disassembly of the wedge. Thus, thanks to the invention, a rotation of the key around an angle less than a full turn allows a user to lock or unlock the wedge in its housing, so that the assembly and disassembly of the guard on the rail are easy, fast and reliable.

• La clé inclut une tête faisant saillie de la cale et dans une portion de laquelle est ménagé en creux un créneau de passage, la portion restante de la tête formant un doigt de butée, la pièce de protection comprenant une encoche de réception de la tête lorsque la cale est montée au sein de la fenêtre, l'encoche de réception s'étendant à partir d'un col d'entrée au niveau duquel la section de l'encoche est réduite afin de former la butée de verrouillage, de sorte que :
  • lorsque la clé est dans sa première position angulaire, le doigt de butée est orienté de manière à franchir le col d'entrée lors du montage ou du démontage de la cale et que
  • lorsque la clé est dans sa deuxième position angulaire, le doigt de butée vient en butée contre le col d'entrée, lequel s'oppose ainsi au démontage de la cale.
• La clé comprend un ergot qui s'étend radialement par rapport à l'axe de pivotement à l'extérieur de la cale, la pièce de protection comprenant un arrêt radial qui forme la butée de verrouillage, l'arrêt radial étant disposé dans la pièce de protection de façon à s'étendre radialement par rapport à la clé lorsque la cale est montée, de sorte que :
  • lorsque la clé est dans la première position angulaire, l'ergot est écarté de l'arrêt radial de sorte que la cale peut être librement démontée et que
  • lorsque la clé est dans la deuxième position angulaire, l'ergot vient en butée contre l'arrêt radial et s'oppose ainsi au démontage de la cale.
• L'arrêt radial forme un cran d'encliquetage de l'ergot, de sorte que, lorsque la cale est montée, un pivotement de la clé vers la deuxième position angulaire permet d'encliqueter l'ergot dans le cran d'encliquetage et un pivotement de la clé vers la première position angulaire permet de libérer l'ergot du cran d'encliquetage.
• La cale comprend une butée de début de course contre laquelle l'ergot est en butée lorsque la clé est dans sa première position angulaire afin de borner la course angulaire de la clé vers la première position angulaire.
• La clé comprend une came de serrage sensiblement cylindrique définissant un axe de came qui est parallèle avec l'axe de pivotement mais non coaxial avec ce dernier, de sorte qu'un pivotement de la clé de la première position angulaire à la deuxième position angulaire entraîne un déplacement excentrique de la came autour de l'axe de pivotement, la pièce de protection comprenant une surface d'appui qui s'étend dans un plan sensiblement orthogonal à l'axe de coulissement, de sorte que :
  • lorsque la clé est dans sa première position angulaire, la came est écartée de la surface d'appui et que
  • lorsque la clé est dans sa deuxième position angulaire et lorsque la cale est montée, la came est en appui contre la surface d'appui, la cale étant en conséquence plaquée contre le créneau de retenue dans la direction de l'axe de coulissement.
• La clé comprend un corps longitudinal et un fourreau réalisé dans une matière plus souple que le corps longitudinal, au sein duquel le corps longitudinal est inséré de façon solidaire en rotation, la cale comprenant un alésage coaxial avec l'axe de pivotement et au sein duquel le corps longitudinal et son fourreau peuvent être insérés pour former une liaison de pivot de la clé par rapport à la cale autour de l'axe de pivotement, le fourreau et l'alésage étant ajustés de façon à s'opposer au pivotement de la clé par rapport à la cale autour de l'axe de pivotement.
• Le fourreau et l'alésage présentent une forme complémentaire sensiblement cylindrique, de préférence de base polygonale, qui est coaxiale avec l'axe de pivotement de façon à s'opposer au pivotement de la clé par rapport à la cale autour de l'axe de pivotement.
• Le fourreau est adhérisé au corps longitudinal.
• La pièce de protection comprend une gorge de retenue disposée à la périphérie de la fenêtre à l'opposé de la butée de verrouillage, la cale comprenant une crête de retenue conçue pour être insérée dans la gorge de retenue lorsque la cale est montée, de sorte que, lorsque la clé est dans sa deuxième position angulaire, la cale est retenue montée au sein de la fenêtre d'une part par la butée de verrouillage et d'autre part par la gorge de retenue.
• La clé comprend une empreinte d'interaction avec un outil, de sorte que la clé peut être pivotée autour de l'axe de pivotement à l'aide de l'outil par l'intermédiaire de l'empreinte d'interaction, la pièce de protection comprenant un orifice d'accès à l'empreinte d'interaction, si bien que la clé peut être pivotée via son empreinte d'interaction à l'aide de l'outil depuis l'extérieur de la pièce de protection lorsque la cale est montée, le dispositif de protection comprenant de préférence un moyen d'obturation de l'orifice d'accès du genre bouchon ou couvercle.

According to other advantageous characteristics of the invention, taken individually or in combination:

• The key includes a head projecting from the wedge and in a portion of which a passage slot is recessed, the remaining portion of the head forming a stop finger, the protection piece comprising a notch for receiving the head when the wedge is mounted within the window, the receiving notch extending from an entry neck at which the section of the notch is reduced to form the locking stopper, so that:
  • when the key is in its first angular position, the stop finger is oriented so as to pass through the entry neck during assembly or disassembly of the cleat and that
  • when the key is in its second angular position, the stop finger abuts against the entry neck, which thus opposes the removal of the wedge.
• The key comprises a lug which extends radially with respect to the pivot axis on the outside of the wedge, the protective part comprising a radial stop which forms the locking stop, the radial stop being disposed in the part protection so that it extends radially from the key when the wedge is fitted, so that:
  • when the key is in the first angular position, the lug is moved away from the radial stop so that the wedge can be freely removed and that
  • when the key is in the second angular position, the lug abuts against the radial stop and thus opposes the removal of the wedge.
• The radial stop forms a notch for latching the lug, so that, when the wedge is fitted, a pivoting of the key to the second angular position allows the lug to snap into the latch and a pivoting of the key to the first angular position releases the lug from the latching catch.
• The wedge comprises a stop at the start of the travel against which the lug is in abutment when the key is in its first angular position in order to limit the angular travel of the key towards the first angular position.
• The key includes a substantially cylindrical clamping cam defining a cam axis which is parallel with the pivot axis but not coaxial with the latter, so that pivoting of the key from the first angular position to the second angular position results in an eccentric movement of the cam around the pivot axis, the protective part comprising a bearing surface which extends in a plane substantially orthogonal to the sliding axis, so that:
  • when the key is in its first angular position, the cam is moved away from the bearing surface and that
  • when the key is in its second angular position and when the wedge is mounted, the cam bears against the bearing surface, the wedge being consequently pressed against the retaining slot in the direction of the sliding axis.
• The key comprises a longitudinal body and a sleeve made of a material that is more flexible than the longitudinal body, within which the longitudinal body is inserted integrally in rotation, the wedge comprising a bore coaxial with the pivot axis and within which the longitudinal body and its sleeve can be inserted to form a pivot connection of the key relative to the wedge about the pivot axis, the sleeve and the bore being adjusted so as to oppose the pivoting of the key relative to the wedge around the pivot axis.
• The sleeve and the bore have a complementary substantially cylindrical shape, preferably of polygonal base, which is coaxial with the pivot axis so as to oppose the pivoting of the key relative to the wedge about the axis of pivoting.
• The sheath is adhered to the longitudinal body.
• The protective part comprises a retaining groove disposed at the periphery of the window opposite the locking stopper, the wedge comprising a ridge of retainer designed to be inserted into the retaining groove when the wedge is mounted, so that when the key is in its second angular position the wedge is retained mounted within the window on the one hand by the locking stopper and on the other hand by the retaining groove.
• The key includes a tool interaction cavity, so that the key can be rotated around the pivot axis using the tool through the interaction cavity, the part of the key. protection comprising an access hole to the interaction cavity, so that the key can be rotated via its interaction cavity using the tool from outside the protection piece when the wedge is mounted, the protection device preferably comprising means for closing the access orifice of the plug or cover type.

The subject of the invention is also a system for protecting an edge of a working or extraction machine bucket, the protection system comprising a protection device as defined above, as well as a rail. receiving the protective device which is designed to be secured to the bucket, a protective device retaining slot being provided in the rail.

1. a) enfiler la pièce de protection sur le rail en la faisant coulisser selon l'axe de coulissement jusqu'à la configuration de protection de l'arête,
2. b) monter la cale au sein de la fenêtre, la clé étant dans sa première position angulaire,
3. c) faire pivoter la clé jusqu'à sa deuxième position angulaire.

Finally, a subject of the invention is a method for protecting an edge of a bucket using the protection system defined above and in which the steps consisting in:

1. a) insert the protection piece on the rail by sliding it along the sliding axis until the edge protection configuration is reached,
2. b) fit the wedge inside the window, the key being in its first angular position,
3. c) rotate the key to its second angular position.

• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'un système de protection comprenant un dispositif de protection conforme à l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une vue en perspective, sous un autre angle, du système de protection de la figure 1, lequel est montré dans une autre configuration ;
• la figure 3 est une vue en perspective sous le même angle que celle de la figure 2, le système de protection étant montré dans une configuration différente de celle de la figure 2 ;
• la figure 4 est une coupe longitudinale partielle selon la ligne IV-IV à la figure 9 d'une pièce de protection appartenant au dispositif de protection des figures 1, 2 et 3 ;
• la figure 5 est une coupe longitudinale partielle de la pièce de protection de la figure 4 selon la ligne V-V à la figure 9 ;
• la figure 6 est une coupe longitudinale partielle d'une partie du dispositif de protection des figures précédentes, selon une ligne VI-VI à la figure 9, avant mise en place de la cale dans la fenêtre ;
• les figures 7 et 8 sont des coupes longitudinales partielles d'une partie du dispositif de protection, le long d'une ligne VII-VII à la figure 9, lequel est représenté respectivement dans des configurations différentes ;
• la figure 9 est une coupe transversale selon une ligne IX-IX à la figure 4, du système de protection des figures précédentes ; on y a représenté les lignes de coupe IV-IV, V-V, VI-VI, VII-VII susmentionnées ;
• la figure 10 est une vue en perspective de la clé de verrouillage du dispositif de protection des figures précédentes ;
• la figure 11 est une vue en perspective d'une partie de la clé de verrouillage ;
• la figure 12 est une vue en perspective de la cale du dispositif de protection des figures précédentes ;
• les figures 13 et 14 sont des vues de face de la clé de verrouillage montée sur la cale, la clé de verrouillage étant représentée dans deux positions angulaires différentes ;
• la figure 15 est une vue en perspective d'un godet équipé de systèmes de protection conformes à l'invention, l'un de ceux-ci, situé au centre de la lame d'attaque du godet, étant représenté en éclaté.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of non-limiting and non-exhaustive example and made with reference to the drawings in which:

• the figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a protection system comprising a protection device according to the invention;
• the figure 2 is a perspective view, from another angle, of the protection system of the figure 1 , which is shown in another configuration;
• the figure 3 is a perspective view from the same angle as that of the figure 2 , the protection system being shown in a different configuration from that of the figure 2 ;
• the figure 4 is a partial longitudinal section on line IV-IV at the figure 9 a protective part belonging to the device for protecting figures 1 , 2 and 3 ;
• the figure 5 is a partial longitudinal section of the protective part of the figure 4 along line VV at figure 9 ;
• the figure 6 is a partial longitudinal section of part of the protection device of the preceding figures, along a line VI-VI at the figure 9 , before placing the wedge in the window;
• the figures 7 and 8 are partial longitudinal sections of part of the protective device, along a line VII-VII at the figure 9 , which is shown respectively in different configurations;
• the figure 9 is a cross section taken along a line IX-IX at the figure 4 , of the protection system of the preceding figures; the above-mentioned cutting lines IV-IV, VV, VI-VI, VII-VII have been shown therein;
• the figure 10 is a perspective view of the locking key of the protection device of the preceding figures;
• the figure 11 is a perspective view of part of the locking key;
• the figure 12 is a perspective view of the wedge of the protection device of the preceding figures;
• the figures 13 and 14 are front views of the locking key mounted on the cleat, the locking key being shown in two different angular positions;
• the figure 15 is a perspective view of a bucket equipped with protection systems in accordance with the invention, one of these, located at the center of the leading blade of the bucket, being shown exploded.

The figures 1 to 15 illustrate a system for protecting an edge 58 of a bucket 56 of a work or extraction machine. The term “bucket” is understood to mean equipment for public works machinery or mining machinery. The term “bucket” can be generalized to buckets and other receptacles fitted on such machines, so that the expression “bucket” refers to any receptacle capable of scraping, picking up and / or moving materials, preferably coming from the site. ground, with a view to their evacuation from a given location to other operating stations. Conventionally, the cup 56 forms a container with an access opening which is for example rectangular in shape. The access opening is delimited by projecting ridges 58, 60, 62 and 64 that the protection system of the figure 1 is intended to protect. Among these ridges, which delimit the access opening of the bucket 56, we can count a leading blade 58 which is located in the lower part of the bucket 56 and which is equipped with four teeth 65, the system protection represented in the figure 1 being intended to be mounted so as to protect portions of the ridge 58 which extend between two adjacent teeth.

The protection system represented in figures 1 to 15 comprises a protection device 1 for the edge 58 of the bucket 56. This protection system also comprises a rail 2 for receiving the protection device 1. The rail 2, sometimes called “support-adapter”, is designed to be secured with the bucket 56, according to an arrangement which makes it possible to position the protection device 1 in a configuration for protecting the edge 58. The rail 2 geometrically has a sliding axis X2, along which the protection device 1 can be threaded. The rail 2 is generally positioned on an inner face of the bucket 56, the sliding axis X2 being perpendicular to the edge 58 to be protected.

• une extrémité de base 10, laquelle est destinée à être orientée vers l'intérieur du godet 56,
• une zone d'attache 12, par l'intermédiaire de laquelle le rail 2 est destiné à être solidarisé au godet 56, par exemple par soudage ou par boulonnage,
• un créneau de retenue 3 du dispositif de protection 1 qui est ménagé en creux dans le rail 2 et
• une extrémité saillante 11.

The rail 2 comprises successively, along the sliding axis X2:

• a base end 10, which is intended to be oriented towards the inside of the cup 56,
• an attachment zone 12, via which the rail 2 is intended to be secured to the bucket 56, for example by welding or by bolting,
• a retaining slot 3 of the protection device 1 which is recessed in the rail 2 and
• a protruding end 11.

As can be seen at figure 1 , the rail 2 also comprises two protruding sliding ribs 13 which extend parallel to the sliding axis X2, symmetrically with respect to the latter, from the protruding end 11 to the retaining slot 3. The projecting end 11 of the rail 2 thus has a male dovetail shape.

The retaining slot 3 is advantageously formed by a slot bottom 14 which extends parallel to the sliding axis X2, an upstream wall 15 and a downstream wall 16 which are substantially orthogonal to the sliding axis X2. The upstream wall 15 is located on the side of the base end 10, while the downstream wall 16 is located opposite the upstream wall with respect to the retaining slot 3, that is to say on the side of protruding end 11.

The protection device 1 also comprises a part 4 for protecting the edge 58, a wedge 5 and a locking key 9.

The protection piece 4, which is shown in full on the figures 1 , 2 and 3 and in partial section on figures 5 to 9 , forms a wearing part, which can be described as "Shield", intended to cover and itself protect the edge 58 of the bucket 56. It is for example made of metal, of the steel or cast iron type.

The protection piece 4 or shield extends along a longitudinal axis X4 and comprises a main body 21. A transverse axis X6 is defined which is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis X4. The main body 21 has a generally symmetrical shape with respect to a plane orthogonal to the transverse axis X6 and comprising the longitudinal axis X4.

• un bord d'attaque 17 qui s'étend parallèlement à l'axe transversal X6,
• une surface supérieure 18 qui s'étend à l'oblique à partir du bord d'attaque 17, avec une pente divergente par rapport à l'axe longitudinal X4 en s'éloignant du bord d'attaque 17,
• une surface de plateau 19 qui s'étend dans un plan parallèle à l'axe longitudinal X4 et à l'axe transversal X6, la surface de plateau 19 prolongeant la surface supérieure 18,
• une surface de poupe 20 qui s'étend avec une pente convergente vers l'axe X4 à partir de la surface de plateau 19 et forme l'extrémité de la pièce de protection 4 opposée au bord d'attaque 17.

The protection piece 4 comprises successively along the longitudinal axis X4:

• a leading edge 17 which extends parallel to the transverse axis X6,
• an upper surface 18 which extends obliquely from the leading edge 17, with a divergent slope with respect to the longitudinal axis X4 away from the leading edge 17,
• a plate surface 19 which extends in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis X4 and to the transverse axis X6, the plate surface 19 extending the upper surface 18,
• a stern surface 20 which extends with a slope converging towards the axis X4 from the platform surface 19 and forms the end of the protection piece 4 opposite the leading edge 17.

As illustrated in figures 1 to 3 , the upper surface 18, the deck surface 19 and the stern surface 20 define the top of the main body 21.

The protective part 4 also comprises lateral edges 22 delimiting the main body 21 in the direction of the transverse axis X6.

The protective part 4 further comprises an internal surface 23, visible for example to figures 4 to 9 , the inner surface 23 delimiting the underside of the main body 21 and extending at a distance and substantially parallel to the stern surface 20, the deck surface 19 and the upper surface 18. Thus, the main body 21 of the protective part 4 is preferably of a generally constant thickness.

The protective part 4 finally comprises a sole 24 which is visible in particular to figures 1 , 2 , 3 and 9 . The sole 24 projects from the main body 21, from the internal surface 23 and the leading edge 17, in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis X4. An interstitial notch 54 is thus formed between the sole 24 and the internal surface 23 of the main body 21.

The protective part 4 also comprises a sliding groove 25, which extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis X4 from the stern surface 20 and which is formed along the internal surface 23 facing the surface. plateau 19. The Sliding groove 25 has a section, along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis X4, in a female dovetail, complementary to that of the projecting end 11 of the rail 2.

A portion of the main body 21, which is bounded by the tray surface 19 and extends to the inner surface 23, forms a connecting portion 26 of the main body 21, which is shown in isolation in the figures. figures 4 to 8 . At this connecting portion 26, the side edges 22 are substantially parallel to each other and to the longitudinal axis X4. The connecting part 26 has a width, defined parallel to the transverse axis X6, which is advantageously less than the width of the rest of the main body 21. The sole 24 itself has a width comparable, or even equal, to the width of the connecting part 26.

The protective part 4 also comprises a window 6, which is formed through this protective part 4, in this case in the connecting part 26 of the main body 21, in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis X4 and to the 'transverse axis X6, from the plate surface 19, so as to open out at the level of the internal surface 23 and more particularly in the sliding groove 25.

The window 6 preferably has a section of generally rectangular shape in a plane defined by the longitudinal axis X4 and the transverse axis X6 and extends symmetrically on either side of a plane orthogonal to the transverse axis X6 and comprising the longitudinal axis X4, the length of the rectangular section of the window 6 being substantially parallel to the leading edge 17. The window 6 thus opens, on the one hand, at the level of the plate surface 19, it is that is to say on the top of the protective part 4 and, on the other hand, in the interstitial notch 54. The window 6 is also particularly visible to the eyes. figures 4 and 5 . It can be seen in these figures that the sliding groove 25 extends, along the longitudinal axis X4, from the stern surface 20 to an end surface 27 which is located beyond the window 6, from the leading edge side 17.

The window 6 is delimited by two transverse walls 30 of the protective part 4, opposite and directed parallel to the transverse axis X6. The window 6 is also delimited by two longitudinal walls 31 of the protective part 4, which are of lesser length compared to the transverse walls 30 and which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis X4.

The protection piece 4 is designed to be slipped on the sliding rail 2 along the sliding axis X2 of the rail 2.

For this, the sliding groove 25 is threaded onto the rail 2 by the projecting end 11, the projecting ribs 13 allowing guidance of the dovetail shape of the sliding groove 25. The translation of the protective part 4 along the axis X2 is carried out to a protective configuration of the edge 58, in which the edge 58 in question is taken between the inner surface 23 and the sole 24, to the bottom of the interstitial notch 54. In the protective configuration, the window 6 opens into the retaining slot 3. In particular, the upstream wall 15 and the downstream wall 16 are substantially aligned with the transverse walls 30 of the window 6. The slot bottom 14 is, for its part, visible from the outside of the protective part 4 through the window 6.

When sliding the protective part 4 on the rail 2, the sliding axis X2 and the longitudinal axis X4 are superimposed. The transverse axis X6 is advantageously found parallel with the edge 58 of the bucket 56. In the protective configuration, the connecting part 26 covers substantially all of the rail 2, as can be seen in particular at figures 2 and 3 . The stern surface 20 advantageously extends from the surface forming the base end 10 in order to form a single visible surface, as visible at the bottom. figure 3 . Preferably, in the protective configuration, the plate surface 19 is oriented towards the inside of the bucket 56, while the sole 24 is oriented towards the periphery of the bucket 56. Of course, the reverse situation can be considered. In this configuration, the protruding end 11 comes into contact with, or near, the end surface 27 of the interior of the sliding groove 25, which is visible at the bottom. figure 5 .

The protection device 1 also comprises a wedge 5 which is shown alone on the figure 12 , but which is also visible on figures 1 , 2 and 3 in place within the protection device 1. The wedge 5 has a general parallelepipedal shape and forms a wedge body which extends between two side faces 35, opposite and substantially parallel to each other, the side faces 35 being interconnected by a plate face 36, on the one hand, and a lower face 37, on the other hand, the plate face 36 and the lower face 37 being opposite and substantially parallel to each other. Finally, the wedge 5 comprises two opposite and parallel end faces 38 which form the two remaining sides of the parallelogram shape of the wedge 5.

The plate face 36 advantageously extends, as shown in figure 12 , beyond the end faces 38, so as to form two transverse edges 40.

The wedge 5 comprises a bore 39 which passes right through the wedge body so as to open out on either side of said wedge body, at the level of the end faces 38. The bore 39 extends along a pivot axis X5 defined by the wedge 5 with which it is coaxial. The bore 39 advantageously has a substantially cylindrical shape, in this case with a hexagonal base, the hexagonal base being centered on the pivot axis X5.

The wedge 5 also includes a retaining ridge 41 which projects from the wedge body in the direction of the pivot axis X5, at the junction between a first end face 38 and the lower face 37. The ridge of retainer 41 advantageously extends over the entire length of the ridge connecting the first end face 38 in question and the lower face 37.

A start-of-stroke stop 42 is provided on the wedge 5, in the form of an element projecting from the second end face 38, opposite to the first end face 38, and which extends from the transverse edge 40 up to the edge of the bore 39. The start-of-travel stop 42 thus forms a wall 422 which extends in continuity with one of the sides of the hexagonal shape of the bore 39.

The wedge 5 is advantageously made of a metallic material. Alternatively, it can be made from a synthetic material such as a polymer.

The protection device 1 also comprises a locking key 9 which is shown independently in the figures 10 and 11 . The key 9 extends longitudinally along an own axis X9. The key 9 includes a head 43 which forms a first of its ends along the proper axis X9. The head 43 preferably has a substantially cylindrical peripheral contour with a circular base and coaxial with the specific axis X9. A passage slot 44 is formed in a hollow in a portion of the head 43, such as is visible in particular to figures 10, 11 , 13 and 14 . The passage slot 44 is bordered by a surface 44A perpendicular to the own axis X9, which is formed in the head 43 and which is set back, on the side of a longitudinal body 47 of the key 9, relative to the end of the head 43 opposite to this body 47. The remaining portion of the head 9 then forms a stop finger 45 which constitutes a portion of the cylinder coaxial with the own axis X9 and forms part of the periphery of the head 43 .

The key 9 comprises an interaction imprint 46, which is made in the head 43. The interaction imprint 46 is designed to allow the interaction of the key 9 with a tool not shown, so that the key 9 can be rotated around its own axis X9 using the tool via the interaction cavity 46.

The longitudinal body 47 extends along the own axis X9 from the head 43. The longitudinal body 47 has a generally cylindrical shape coaxial with the own axis X9. The longitudinal body 47 has a projecting rib 48 which extends radially with respect to the longitudinal body 47 and parallel to the own axis X9. The longitudinal body 47 is preferably made of a metallic material.

The key 9 further comprises a sleeve 49 which appears on the figure 10 and which is omitted on the figure 11 . The sheath 49 is preferably made of a flexible material. The term “flexible material” is understood to mean that the sheath 49 is made of a material which is more flexible than that of the longitudinal body 47, this flexible material being, for example, an elastomer. The sleeve 49 forms a sleeve, within which the longitudinal body 47 is inserted integrally in rotation around the own axis X9. The connection between the longitudinal body 47 and the sleeve 49 is obtained by the presence of a longitudinal groove, not shown, which is formed within the sleeve 49 and which receives the rib 48, so that a relative rotation of the sleeve 49 relative to the longitudinal body 47 is blocked. Together with, or independently of, this arrangement, the sleeve 49 is adhered to the longitudinal body 47, in particular glued or welded to the latter.

The sleeve 49 has a substantially cylindrical shape, preferably with a hexagonal base, the base being centered on the own axis X9 or on an axis parallel to the own axis X9.

Preferably, the key 9 comprises a lug 50, which is visible to the figures 7 and 8 , and 10 to 14. The lug 50 extends radially outwardly relative to the own axis X9 and in particular protrudes from the head 43.

As can be seen from figures 13 and 14 , the key 9 is mounted to move relative to the wedge 5 around the pivot axis X5, which is then coaxial with the own axis X9 of the screw 9 and of the sleeve 49. In fact, the longitudinal body 47 and the sleeve 49 are inserted into the bore 39 in order to create a strong pivot connection of the key 9 relative to the wedge 5. For this, the sleeve 49 and the bore 39 have complementary shapes, in this case hexagonal, these shapes being coaxial with the pivot axis X5, so as to oppose the pivoting of the key 9 with respect to the wedge 5 about the pivot axis X5. Ultimately, the sleeve 49 and the bore 39 are adjusted so as to oppose, for example by friction and / or complementarity of shapes, the pivoting of the key 9 relative to the wedge 5 about the pivot axis X5.

Alternatively, the shape of the bore 39 and of the sleeve 49 may be cylindrical with a circular base, the sleeve 49 then being mounted tight in the bore 39 to obtain a similar result. However, complementary shapes with polygonal cross-section are preferred, which give better results.

The head 43 projects out of the wedge 5, as illustrated in figures 2 , 6 , 13 and 14 . In this case, the head 43 protrudes from the second end face 38 which includes the start of travel stop 42.

The pivoting of the key 9 takes place between a first angular position which is shown in figure 13 and a second angular position which is shown in figure 14 . The lug 50 is intended to come into abutment against the stop of the start of the travel 42 when the key 9 is in its first angular position, as illustrated in figure 13 , which makes it possible to limit the angular travel of the key 9 around the axes X5 and X9, so that the latter does not extend beyond the first angular position. As shown by the comparison of figures 13 and 14 , the angular difference between the first angular position and the second angular position is approximately 180 °, that is to say half a turn. As a variant, provision can be made for the key 9 to have an angular travel of a greater amplitude, for example three-quarters of a turn, or less, for example a quarter of a turn.

The wedge 5 is designed to be mounted, equipped with the key 9, within the window 6. The steps for mounting the wedge 5 are shown in figures 1 , 2 and 3 . The wedge 5 is mounted within the window 6 in the protection configuration, so as to be housed at the same time in the window 6 and the retaining slot 3, which makes it possible to block the sliding of the protective part 4 by relative to the rail 2 and thus secure the latter to one another. In practice, the wedge 5 blocks, in the manner of a pin, the translation of the protective part 4 along the sliding axis X2, the upstream 15 and downstream walls 16 coming into abutment against the side faces 35 of the wedge. 5. The side faces 35 of the wedge 5 are preferably also in abutment on the peripheral edge of the window 6 and in particular at least one of the two transverse walls 30, or even both.

The wedge 5 is designed to be inserted into the window 6 at an angle that is to say tilted, so that its retaining ridge 41 can first be inserted into the window 6. As illustrated in figures 5 and 9 , the protective part 4 comprises a retaining groove 29 which is formed in one of the longitudinal walls 31. The retaining groove 29 is thus disposed at the periphery of the window 6 and formed in the direction of the longitudinal axis X4 from the inner surface 23.

The retaining ridge 41 is in this case designed to be inserted into the retaining groove 29 during assembly of the wedge 5. As shown in FIG. figure 2 , the hold is first positioned at an angle with respect to the axes X4 and X6, its retaining ridge 41 forming a guide for pivoting the wedge 5 around an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis X4. The wedge 5 can then be tilted until the plate face 36 is placed in the continuity of the plate surface 19 as shown in figure figure 3 . The transverse edges 40 extending the face of the plate 36 of the wedge 5 make it possible to cover mostly, or even completely, the upper surface of the window 6 so that the latter is closed completely, or even in a sealed manner. According to this design, the retaining slot 3 and the window 6 are protected by the wedge 5 from any materials coming from the outside of the protection device 1.

Preferably, the wedge 5 rests on the bottom of slot 14 via its lower face 37. Alternatively, the lower face 37 is placed at a distance from the bottom of slot 14, the wedge 5 resting on the protective part. 4 via the transverse borders 40.

The window 6 is preferably provided with a groove 51 formed at its periphery and opening onto the surface of the plate 19 in order to allow the insertion of a tool of the flat screwdriver type to allow extraction, that is to say disassembly of the wedge 5 from the window 6, as can be seen in particular figure 2 and at the figure 3 . The wedge 5 is for its part provided on one of its side faces 35, which is facing the groove 51, with a corresponding recessed mark 52, allowing the insertion of the tool to allow the dismantling of the wedge 5. The wedge 5 can be removed from the window 6 in a tilting movement around the retaining ridge 41 opposite to that which was used for mounting the wedge 5.

The protective part 4 advantageously comprises an access orifice 28, which is visible to figures 2 to 4 and at the figure 9 . This access orifice 28 passes through and is directed parallel to the transverse axis X6, from one of the lateral edges 22, to open out within the window 6. The access orifice 28 is thus provided transversely. in the thickness of the connecting part 26 to connect one of the side edges 22 to the window 6. The access orifice 28 opens in this case at the level of one of the longitudinal walls 31 which is located in face of the longitudinal wall 31 within which the retaining groove 29 is formed. Thus, when the wedge 5 is mounted within the window 6, the interaction imprint 46 which allows the key to be pivoted 9 around the pivot axis X5, is accessible using a tool from outside the protective part 4, the tool in question being able to be passed through the access hole 28. In fact , when the wedge 5 is mounted within the window 6, the access orifice 28 is aligned, substantially coaxially, with the pivot axis. nt X5 of key 9. When the wedge 5 is mounted in the protective part 4, the pivot axis X5 is substantially parallel with the transverse axis X6.

The access orifice 28 preferably forms a bore of substantially circular or oblong section. Preferably, the protection device 1 comprises means for closing off the access opening 28, which is not shown in the figures, of the plug or cover type, which can be attached to the access opening 28. at the side edge 22 so as to cover the latter in a substantially sealed manner, in particular in order to prevent any admission of undesirable materials into the window 6 via the access orifice 28.

As visible to figures 4 and 6 , the protective part 4 comprises a receiving notch 32, the receiving notch 32 being formed in the longitudinal wall 31 at which the access orifice 28 opens out and extending from a neck of entry 33, at the level of the plate surface 19, in the direction of the internal surface 23. At the level of the entry neck 33, the section of the receiving notch 32 is reduced, in order to form a locking stop 7. The receiving notch 32 extends to a notch bottom 66 of rounded shape which substantially follows the contour of the access orifice 28, as can be seen in particular at the figure 4 . The receiving notch 32 thus has a substantially circular shape between the inlet neck 33 and the bottom 66. The locking stop 7 is in practice formed by a horn which projects parallel to the longitudinal axis X4 in the direction of the 'inside the receiving notch 32, at the entry neck 33, that is to say in the direction of the leading edge 17. As shown in the figures, the upper part of the horn or stop 7 extends parallel to the plate surface 19, while the lower part of the horn has a cylindrical shape which is an extension of the bottom of notch 66, so as to extend the access orifice 28 over more than half of its circumference towards the inside of the window 6.

On the figure 6 , the key 9 is shown in its first angular position, its lug 50 being in contact with the start of travel stop 42. The wedge 5 is shown in the same position as at figure 2 , that is to say during assembly, obliquely. In this configuration, it is understood that the stop finger 45 is in alignment with the retaining groove 29, so that it can pass between the horn forming the locking stop 7 and the other side of the entry neck. 33. At the same time, the passage slot 44 is oriented at the level of the horn forming the locking stop 7. The passage slot 44 being set back relative to the entry neck 33, the key 9 can cross the latter. . The receiving notch 32 thus makes it possible to receive the head 43 when the wedge 5 is mounted within the window 6 and when the key 9 is in its first angular position shown in figure 6 , the stop finger 45 being oriented so as to pass through the inlet neck 33 during assembly or disassembly of the wedge 5.

When, conversely, the key 9 is in its second angular position shown in figure 14 , the stop finger 45 comes into abutment against the horn forming the locking stop 7 and therefore against the entry neck 33. In this way the entry neck 33 is opposed to the disassembly of the wedge 5 by retaining the key 9 via the stop finger 45 within the receiving notch 32. The inlet neck 33 also opposes in practice the mounting of the wedge 5 by preventing the key 9 from being admitted within the receiving notch 32 by blocking its stop finger 45 at the level of the horn forming the locking stop 7. It is understood that the locking stop 7 cooperates with the key to allow locking or unlocking of the wedge 5 at the within the window 6, depending on the orientation of the key 9 around the pivot axis X5.

As it appears to figures 7 and 8 , the protective part 4 comprises a radial stop 34 which forms another locking stop 8. The radial stop 34 is preferably provided in the longitudinal wall 31, that is to say at the periphery of the window 6 and forms a wall which projects from this longitudinal wall 31. The radial stop 34 projects from the longitudinal wall 31 at which the access orifice 28 opens. The radial stop extends radially relative to the axis of the access port 28, or along a plane parallel to a radius starting from the axis of the access port 28. The radial stop 34 is thus parallel with the longitudinal axis X4 and forms a small wall which is turned in the direction of the internal surface 23. The radial stop 34 forms a notch, and in particular a detent notch, and has two walls which are parallel to the longitudinal axis X4, or to a radius of the axis of the access port 28. Such a design is particularly visible to figures 4 , 7 and 8 .

As shown in figures 7 and 8 , the lug 50 extends radially relative to the pivot axis X5 and outside of the wedge 5, in this case by projecting from the second end face 38. The radial stop 34 is then disposed in the protective part 4 so as to extend radially relative to the key 9 when the wedge 5 is mounted within the window 6. This arrangement is particularly visible to figures 7 and 8 . When the key is in its first angular position, shown in figure 8 , the lug 50 is moved away from the radial stop 34; in this case it is oriented in opposition to the radial stop. In this way the wedge 5 can be freely removed. In addition, the lug 50 does not oppose, in this first angular position, the mounting of the wedge 5 within the window 6. Conversely, as shown in figure 7 , when the key 9 is in its second angular position, the lug 50 comes into contact with the radial stop 34, so as to come into abutment against this last and thus oppose the dismantling of the wedge 5. It will be understood that, in the second angular position, the lug 50 also prevents the mounting of the wedge 5 within the window 6. In the embodiment shown in figures 7 and 8 , the radial stop 34 forms a notch for locking the lug 50, these two elements having complementary shapes. The term “snap-fit” is understood to mean that the lug 50 can be inserted within the notch only under the action of a force sufficient to slightly and temporarily deform the lug 50 so that it returns in force within the notch. . An equivalent or different force must then be applied to extract the lug 50 from the detent notch. The cooperation of the lug 50 and the latching notch constitutes a non-return means preventing the passage of the key 9 from its second angular position to its first angular position. In summary, that the wedge 5 is mounted, a pivoting of the key 9 towards the second angular position allows the lug 50 to be snapped into the latching notch and a pivoting of the key towards the first angular position allows the release of the latch. 'lug 50 of the detent.

In the example of the figures and as illustrated in figure 4 , the two locking stops 7 and 8 described above, namely shown separately on figure 6 on the one hand and to figures 7 and 8 on the other hand, are implemented. As a variant, they can nevertheless be implemented independently of one another. In other words, the protection device can include only one of these stops.

In any event, the locking stop 7 and / or 8 is disposed at the periphery of the window 6 and in particular at the level of the longitudinal wall 31 at which the access orifice 28 opens.

Whatever the embodiment or the variant of the locking stop 7 and / or 8, when the key 9 is in its first angular position, it allows the assembly and disassembly of the wedge 5 within the window 6. When the key 9 is in its second angular position, it then comes into abutment against the locking stop 7 and / or 8, which thus prevents the removal of the wedge 5.

When the key 9 is in its second angular position, the wedge 5 is retained mounted within the window 6 on the one hand by the locking stop 7 and / or 8 and on the other hand by the retaining groove 29, which is arranged opposite the window 6 with respect to the locking stop 7 and / or 8 and which acts on the retaining ridge 41 of the wedge 5. Consequently, the mounting of the wedge 5 is particularly reliable, precise , quick and easy.

In order to further strengthen the locking of the wedge 5 within the window 6 and / or the rigidity of the connection between the rail 2 and the protective part 4, it is possible to provide a means of tensioning the wedge 5 on the one hand within the window 6, on the other hand within the retaining slot 3.

Thus, preferably, one of the edges of the receiving notch 32 forms a bearing surface 68 of the protective part 4. This bearing surface 68 extends in a plane substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. X4.

The cylindrical periphery of the head 43 of the key 9 for its part forms a tightening cam, of substantially cylindrical shape. The head 42 defines a cam axis, materialized by the own axis X9, the cam axis then being parallel but not coaxial with the axis of the sleeve 49, that is to say with the pivot axis X5 .

Thus, the pivoting of the key 9 from the first angular position to the second angular position causes an eccentric displacement of the clamping cam, that is to say of the head 43 around the pivot axis X5. In this case, the eccentric displacement takes place parallel to the longitudinal axis X4. The bearing surface 68 of the protection piece 4, which in this case is formed by the receiving notch 32, acts as a bearing point of the clamping cam formed by the head 43. Consequently, when the key 9 is in its first angular position, the cam is moved away from the bearing surface 68. Conversely, when the key 9 is in its second angular position and when the wedge 5 is mounted, the cam comes to rest against the bearing surface 68, that is to say that the head 43 bears against one of the edges of the receiving notch 32, so that the wedge 5 is pressed against the retaining slot 3 , in the direction of the sliding axis X2. Such a design, which is not shown in the figures makes it possible to press one of the side faces 35 either against the upstream wall 15 or against the downstream wall 16 of the retaining slot 3, which makes it possible to reduce, or even eliminate , the axial play of the connection between the protective part 4 and the rail 2.

• a) enfiler la pièce de protection 4 sur le rail 2 en faisant coulisser la pièce de protection 4 selon l'axe de coulissement X2 jusqu'à la configuration de protection de l'arête 58 décrite ci-avant,
• b) monter la cale 5 au sein de la fenêtre 6, alors que la clé 9 est dans sa première position angulaire et autorise un tel montage,
• c) faire pivoter la clé 9 jusqu'à sa deuxième position angulaire afin de verrouiller le montage de la cale 5 au sein de la fenêtre 6 et finalement de verrouiller l'assemblage du système de protection.

In view of the foregoing, one can summarize the assembly allowing the protection of the edge 58 of the bucket 56. According to a protection method, the steps consisting of:

• a) insert the protection part 4 on the rail 2 by sliding the protection part 4 along the sliding axis X2 until the edge protection configuration 58 described above,
• b) mount the wedge 5 within the window 6, while the key 9 is in its first angular position and allows such an assembly,
• c) rotate the key 9 to its second angular position in order to lock the assembly of the wedge 5 within the window 6 and finally to lock the assembly of the protection system.

In order to remove this protection system, the key 9 is pivoted from its second angular position to its first angular position. Then, using a tool, such as a flat screwdriver, the wedge 5 is lifted in order to extract it from the window 6. Finally, the protective part 4 is translated along the rail 2 until release of said protection piece 4.

As a variant, other edges of the access opening of the bucket 56 can be protected using the protection system shown in the figures, in particular the upper blade 60 as well as the edges of the two side wings 62 and 64. On the figure 15 , the edges 60, 62 and 64 are protected with the aid of protection systems 100. These protection systems 100 can be replaced by a protection system in accordance with the invention, which fits on these edges 60, 62 and 64.

The embodiments and variations contemplated above can be combined to generate new embodiments of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. Protection device (1) of an edge (58) of a bucket (56) of a public work machine or an extraction machine, wherein the bucket comprises a rail (2) for receiving the protection device, and a retaining notch (3) provided in the rail, wherein the protection device comprises:

   - a protection part (4) of the edge, which is designed to be slipped on the sliding rail, sliding along a sliding axis (X2), to a configuration of protection of the edge, wherein a window (6) is arranged through the protection part so that the window opens into the retaining slot in the protection configuration,

   - a shim (5) which is designed to be mounted within the window in order to be housed in the retaining slot in the protection configuration, in order to prevent the sliding of the protection part with respect to the rail and thus to bind them together,

   characterized in that the protection part (4) comprises at least one locking stop (7, 8) arranged at the periphery of the window (6), wherein the protection device (1) comprises a locking key (9) that is movable relative to the shim (5) about a pivot axis (X5) between a first angular position, in which the assembly and disassembly of the shim in the window (6) is allowed, and a second angular position in which the key abuts the locking stop and thus prevents disassembly of the shim.
2. Protection device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the key (9) includes a head (43) projecting from the shim (5) and in a portion of which a passage slot (44) is hollowed out, wherein the remaining portion of the head forms an abutment finger (45), and wherein the protection part (4) comprises a receiving notch (32) for the head when the shim is mounted within the window (6) and wherein the receiving notch extends from an entrance neck (33) where the section of the notch is reduced to form the locking stop (7), so that:

   - when the key is in its first angular position, the abutment finger is oriented to traverse the entrance neck during assembly or disassembly of the shim, and that

   - when the key is in its second angular position, the abutment finger abuts the entrance neck, which thus opposes the disassembly of the wedge.
3. Protection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the key (9) comprises a lug (50) which extends radially to the outside of the shim (5) relative to the pivot axis (X9), wherein the protection part (4) comprises a radial abutment (34) which forms the locking stop (8), and wherein the radial abutment is arranged in the protection part so that it extends radially with respect to the key when the shim is mounted, so that:

   - when the key is in the first angular position, the lug is spaced away from the radial abutment so that the shim may be freely disassembled, and that

   - when the key is in the second angular position, the lug abuts the radial abutment and thus opposes the disassembly of the shim.
4. Protection device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the radial stop (34) forms a snap-in notch of the lug (50), so that when the shim (5) is mounted, pivoting of the key (9) to the second angular position allows the lug to engage in the snap-in notch, while pivoting of the key to the first angular position allows the lug to be released from the snap-in notch.
5. Protection device (1) according to one of the claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the shim (5) comprises a travel start abutment (42) against which the lug abuts when the key (9) is in its first angular position in order to limit the angular travel of the key to the first angular position.
6. Protection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the key (9) comprises a substantially cylindrical clamping cam defining a cam axis (X9) which is parallel to the pivot axis (X5) but not coaxial with the latter, so that pivoting of the key from the first angular position to the second angular position causes an eccentric displacement of the cam about the pivot axis, wherein the protection part (4) comprises a bearing surface (68) extending in a plane substantially orthogonal to the sliding axis (X2), so that:

   - when the key is in its first angular position, the cam is spaced away from the bearing surface, and that

   - when the key is in its second angular position and when the shim is mounted, the cam bears against the bearing surface, wherein the shim is consequently pressed against the retaining slot (3) in the direction of the sliding axis.
7. Protection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the key (9) comprises a longitudinal body (47) and a sheath (49) made of a softer material than the longitudinal body in which the longitudinal body is integrally inserted in rotation, wherein the shim (5) comprises a bore (39) coaxial with the pivot axis (X5) and in which the longitudinal body and its sheath may be inserted to form a pivot connection of the key relative to the shim about the pivot axis, wherein the sheath and the bore are adjusted to oppose the pivoting of the key relative to the shim about the pivot axis.
8. Protection device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the sheath (49) and the bore (39) have a substantially cylindrical complementary shape, preferably with a polygonal base, which is coaxial to the pivot axis (X5) in order to oppose pivoting of the key (9) relative to the shim (5) about the pivot axis (X5).
9. Protection device (1) according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the sheath is bonded to the longitudinal body.
10. Protection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protection part (4) comprises a retaining groove (29) arranged at the periphery of the window (6) opposite to the locking stop (7, 8), wherein the shim (5) comprises a retaining edge (41) designed to be inserted into the retaining groove when the shim is mounted, so that when the key (9) is in its second angular position, the shim is retained mounted within the window, on the one hand, by the locking stop and, on the other hand, by the retaining groove.
11. Protection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the key (9) comprises an interaction facility (46) with a tool, so that the key may be pivoted about the pivot axis (X5) using the tool via the interaction facility, wherein the protection part (4) comprises an access opening (28) for the facility interaction, and wherein the key may be pivoted via the interaction facility using the tool from outside the protection part when the shim (5) is mounted, wherein the protection device preferably comprises a means for closing the access opening of the cap or lid type.
12. Protection system for an edge (58) of a bucket (56) of a public works or extraction machine, wherein the protection system comprises a protection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, and a rail (2) for receiving the protection device which is designed to be secured to the bucket, and wherein a retaining slot (3) of the protection device is formed in the rail.
13. Method of protecting an edge (58) of a bucket (56) by means of the protection system according to the preceding claim and comprising the successive steps of:

    a) slipping the protection part (4) on the rail (2) by sliding it along the sliding axis (X2) to the edge protection configuration,

    b) mounting the shim (5) within the window (6), wherein the key (9) is in its first angular position,

    c) rotating the key to its second angular position.

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