EP3287711A1 - Warm-air heating - Google Patents

Abstract

Hot air heating for producing hot air with a burner (5) for combustion of solid fuels, e.g. Pellets or for the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels, wherein in the interior of a heating housing (1) a horizontal combustion chamber (16) is arranged, to which a burner (5) is flanged, which is directed into the combustion chamber (16) burner flame (53) wherein the combustion chamber (16) is connected in an air-tight manner to a plurality of spaced exhaust flues (39-42) and an exhaust flue (41) is formed by an upper, lying flat register (33) which is separated from the fresh air of a ventilator (8). flows around the outside air and from the outside over the several flues (39-42) passes, which warm the fresh air and run as hot air from the heater housing (1), wherein the combustion chamber (16) consists of at least four exhaust flues (39 42), followed by fuel gases flowed through by airtight connection.

Description

The invention relates to a hot air heating for the production of hot air with solid or liquid fuels, in particular for combustion with pellets, and with oil or gas.

Warm air heaters are known in the form of so-called Bauheiz- or tent heaters, which are equipped with a mobile housing, which is associated with a heat generator and where an outside of the housing arranged electrically operated fan is present, which sucks in the outside air and introduces into the housing. In the housing one or more flues are present, which are flowed through by the injected fresh air for the purpose of heat absorption.

Disadvantage of the previously known hot air heaters, which are operated with gas, oil or pellets, is the low heat efficiency and also an undesirably high proportion of accumulating fine dust.

For the sake of simplicity of description, it is assumed in the following description of the invention that the hot air heating is operated with a burner which gasifies pellets, although the invention is not limited thereto. Instead of a pellet burner, other burners may be used, such as oil or gas burners.

The limitation of the description to pellet burners is therefore not intended to limit the purpose and scope of the present invention.

Part of the use of such solid fuel systems is that the air sucked from the outside via a blower, such as an axial or radial fan, flows into the mobile solid fuel system and the air below heated high efficiency and this is blown out as hot air from the device with high air flow.

So it is possible with devices of the known type, air quantities in the range between initial air quantities from 1500m ³ to 36,000 m ³ per hour with a temperature of about 40 to 90 ° C to remove.

With the subject of the German utility model DE 20 2014 009 049 is such a hot air heater has become known, however, is designed as a mobile hot air device in which the upper heating coil for guiding the flue gases from rectangular profiled sheet metal channels, which are connected to each other in an airtight manner via subsequent collector.

The cited document also discloses in the rear region of the combustion chamber, a rear, standing flat register, which is flowed through on the inside by the exhaust gases. Disadvantage of this arrangement, however, is that the combustion chamber is disadvantageously formed in its axial length so that the rear combustion chamber bottom abuts directly on the rear, standing flat register, whereby an optimal air flow of the exhaust gases is hindered by the two flat registers.

This is also associated with the further disadvantage that the flat register, the principle of the DE 20 2014 009 049 U1 are known, can not work with a high degree of heat exchanger, so they are not able to optimally dissipate the resulting high exhaust gas temperatures, and tend to overheat.

In addition to the unfavorable exhaust air duct in the DE 20 2014 009 049 U1 there is the further disadvantage of hot air generation with low efficiency.

In the publication DE 20 2014 009 049 U1 a centrifugal fan is used, which blows in the fresh air directly between the heating registers, but without an optimized air duct, which is guided around the combustion chamber and around the heating coils around.

Another disadvantage of the document is that a so-called three-chamber train is disclosed, which has a poor heat transfer efficiency.

The invention is therefore based on the above DE 20 2014 009 049 U1 the object of developing such a mobile hot air device so that it has a much better efficiency lower energy consumption with the same or improved air performance. In addition, the amount of accumulating fine dust is to be reduced.

To solve the problem, the invention is characterized by the technical teaching of claim 1.

A feature of the invention is that now the hot air device according to the invention is not designed as a mobile device, but is anchored stationary on a floor, with a base plate is provided with which the device can be mounted directly on a footprint.

It is therefore apart from a mobile operation, which offers advantages in the flanging of a pellet container, and also the injection ports for the discharge of the generated hot air to be heated spaces are better controlled. They are therefore mounted in a specific, fixed angle and allow optimal, jam-free air flow. In the known mobile air heaters namely had the disadvantage that the Ausblasschläuche were kinked and therefore the efficiency was lowered.

Incidentally, the advantage of stationary hot air heating is also that with stationary air heaters it is customary to arrange such heating modules in an enclosing space, and this enclosing space then offers the advantage that additional air preheating is provided for the fresh air to be aspirated.

The fresh air is therefore not extracted directly from the ambient air, but from the enclosing space in which the stationary hot air heating is arranged, which offers advantages in energy utilization.

Accordingly, such a hot air heater according to the invention can be installed in a container which is placed stationary, and the sucked fresh air is then removed from the container, which is preheated by the housing of the hot air heater. Thus, the radiant heat of the hot air heating is used for air preheating the fresh air sucked.

Another feature of the invention is compared to the DE 20 2014 009 049 U1 in that instead of a three-train combustion chamber, a four-stroke combustion chamber is now provided.

The term "four-stroke combustion chamber" is understood to mean that the exhaust gas stream of the burner flame produced escapes through four different, spatially separated exhaust gas trains in the direction of the exhaust pipe and is guided in such a way that the fresh air drawn in is led over a total of four different exhaust gas trains.

The use of a four-pass combustion chamber has the advantage of better energy utilization, a smaller amount of particulate matter and better cleaning options.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the four-pass combustion chamber consists of a first lower horizontal exhaust draft, the via the rear standing flat register merges into a vertical lower flue, which opens into a rear header, and further that the third train consists of a combustion chamber near collector, which receives the fuel gases in the vertical direction and passes through the upper flat plate, which also connected to the rear collecting chamber.

In this way, four trains are described, because the flat register is the second flue and the third flue is the burner chamber near the front header, which receives the heating gases in the vertical direction and initiates in the horizontal direction in the upper horizontal flat register as the fourth throttle cable.

In principle, two mutually spaced and mutually parallel vertical exhaust trains are provided which are each connected in an air-tight manner with two mutually parallel and horizontal exhaust trains, resulting in a total of a four-train exhaust gas combustion chamber.

This is new and leads to an optimal utilization of the heat energy generated, as has not been the case in the prior art.

Thus, the energy consumption is lowered because of the improved heat transfer rate, whereby tests have shown that in comparison with a three-pass combustion chamber, the energy consumption could be reduced again by 20%.

It is assumed that the same amount of hot air can be generated.

In a warm air heating with 150 kW of the design according to the invention, a pellet consumption of 13 kilograms per hour was achieved. In comparison, an oil heater of the same heat output consumes 18 liters per hour, and this equates to the equivalent of 36 kilograms of pellets per hour.

Accordingly, the invention provides the advantage that only 13 kg per hour are consumed, which corresponds to a fuel oil consumption of 6.5 liters per hour.

This achieves a hot air volume of 12,800 cubic meters of hot air per hour at a temperature of 150 ° C.

Such optimal energy utilization is not achievable with three-chamber combustion chambers. And here lies the value of the invention, which now proposes a four-speed combustion chamber, which in conjunction with an optimal steering of the injected fresh air, an optimal utilization of heat takes place.

Another advantage of the invention is that the outer shell of the combustion chamber can be cooled to a temperature of 55 ° C, that is, the combustion chamber has no undesirably high temperature, which must be dissipated, because the energy dissipation from the combustion chamber through the vierzügige trigger system and is achieved by the optimal deflection of the fresh air to the exhaust trains described.

This has the advantage that the combustion chamber can be driven at relatively low temperatures, thereby preventing overheating or even melting of combustion chamber parts.

It is not exceeded in the invention, a maximum combustion chamber outside temperature of 110 ° C. This is essential for the invention, because this results in the favorable degree of heat transfer from the exhaust gases generated in the combustion chamber, which essentially give off their heat energy via the four-draft exhaust system.

Another advantage is that due to the low surface temperatures of the combustion chamber and the surrounding other air-conducting components to relatively thick sheet thicknesses of, for example, 4 or 5 mm can be dispensed with, and thin sheet thicknesses for the flat register of, for example, 1 mm can be used, without resulting in deformation of the flat register. Thus, the total weight and the manufacturing cost of such a hot air generator are lowered significantly.

In a further development of the invention, it is otherwise provided that the cross section of the flat register is not rectangular, then rectangular flow cross sections are formed, but the flat register plates are approximately trapezoidal in cross-section, which means that they have a much better resistance to bending and deformation and yet develop a large heat transfer area. They can therefore be made from a thinner sheet metal.

Another advantage of the hot air heating according to the invention is because of the use of relatively small sheet thicknesses in that a relatively rapid warming of the fresh air sucked in and therefore when switching off the system and a rapid cooling of the system is guaranteed.

It therefore reacts quickly to temperature changes and to changes in the heating power. Lazy, heat-storing materials are not available in the heater housing.

When using an axial fan for sucking the fresh air has the advantage that can be sucked in from both end faces and the fresh air is introduced centrally into the heater housing on two opposing intake openings.

Another advantage is that the axial fan according to the invention is arranged at the top of the heater housing and the sucked fresh air is directed from top to bottom blown into the heater housing. This results in a optimal temperature increase of the other, arranged in the heater housing sheet materials.

An advantage of this measure is that the blown in the upper part of the heater housing fresh air is already preheated to the exhaust trains according to the invention, before it sweeps over the burner housing and is further heated there.

The subject of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual claims, but also from the combination of the individual claims with each other.

All information and features disclosed in the documents, including the abstract, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are novel individually or in combination with respect to the prior art.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing only one embodiment. Here are from the drawings and their description further features essential to the invention and advantages of the invention.

• Figur 1: schematisiert ein Teilschnitt durch eine Warmlufterzeugungsanlage nach der Erfindung
• Figur 2: ein gegenüber Figur 1 abgewandelter Schnitt unter Weglassung verschiedener, in Figur 1 dargestellter Teile
• Figur 3: die gleiche Darstellung wie Figur 2 unter Weglassung weiterer Teile
• Figur 4: eine Schnittansicht durch die Warmlufterzeugungsanlage nach der Erfindung
• Figur 5: ein Halbschnitt durch die Warmlufterzeugungsanlage unter Weglassung weiterer Teile
• Figur 6: die Frontalansicht in die Brennkammer von der Seite des Brenners aus gesehen in schematisierter Darstellung

Show it:

• FIG. 1 : Schematically, a partial section through a hot air generating plant according to the invention
• FIG. 2 : one opposite FIG. 1 modified section omitting various, in FIG. 1 represented parts
• FIG. 3 : the same representation as FIG. 2 omitting further parts
• FIG. 4 a sectional view through the hot air generating plant according to the invention
• FIG. 5 : a half section through the warm air generating plant, omitting further parts
• FIG. 6 : the frontal view into the combustion chamber seen from the side of the burner in a schematic representation

The representations in the FIGS. 1 to 5 only differ from each other in that the hot air generating system comprises a heater housing 1, and with the progression of the figure numbers each parts of the heater housing have been omitted for clarity, to provide a better insight into the inner parts of the heater housing 1.

In principle, the heater housing 1 is after FIG. 1 from an upper sheet 2, which is designed as a heat shield. It is therefore double-walled.

The upper, horizontal plate 2 merges into a vertical, front plate 3, which is likewise designed as a heat protection plate, wherein in the front plate 3 a show tube 4 is provided for the insight into the combustion chamber 16.

At the front plate 3, a flange pipe 49 is arranged for the attachment of a burner 5, which is associated with a flange 48 (see FIG. 3 ).

At the bottom of the sheet 3, an ash collector 6 is arranged, which is closed by a lid.

In the interior of the heater housing 1, the vierzügige combustion chamber 16 is arranged, which will be described later in more detail.

The bottom of the heater housing 1 is formed by a base plate 17, are provided in the lateral receiving openings 20 for retracting the tines of a stacker.

In this way, the heater housing 1 can be stationarily placed on a site.

In the upper side of the upper sheet 2, an exhaust pipe 7 is arranged, through which the exhaust gases flow in the direction of arrow 22 upwards.

At the rear end of the heater housing 1, an axial fan 8 is arranged in the upper region, which has two mutually opposite, mutually aligned suction openings 24, so that the fresh air is sucked in the opposite arrow directions 23 via both suction ports 24 and the both sides sucked air flow centrally into the heater housing 1 is blown.

The air outlet of the hot air produced is also carried out in the rear area, in the region of the rear plate 9, where the air outlet 11 is present, on which a non-illustrated flexible hose for discharging the hot air generated can be arranged.

In the interior, the rear sheet 9 is covered by a rear heat shield 10 inside.

The separation of the fresh air channel in the vertical direction in the interior of the heater housing is effected by a horizontally located locking plate 26, which ensures that the injected fresh air from the fan 8 is inserted horizontally in the upper region of the heater housing 1 and does not fall directly downwards in the direction of the combustion chamber ,

It is essential that according to FIG. 4 a Vierzügige combustion chamber 16 is present, which is formed by a rear, lower collector 13, which is arranged horizontally, and in which the fuel gases flow from the combustion chamber 16 in the horizontal direction. This collector 13 is the lower (first) flue 42, which is flowed around by the fresh air.

The flowing in the collector 13 exhaust gas, which comes from the combustion chamber 16 flows under air deflection in the indicated arrow direction vertically upwards into the interior of the flat blades of the rear, standing flat register 12, which are arranged parallel to each other and at a mutual distance and thus the rear , Formed by the fresh air flow around the second flue 39.

The fresh air introduction takes place in the heater housing 1 via an injection opening 25, so that it is ensured that the injected fresh air flows only in the horizontal direction, namely in the direction of arrow 27, in the upper part of the heater housing 1 and does not immediately fall down.

This purpose is also served by a front guide plate 28 which is arranged in the interior of the heater housing 1 in the region of the front plate 3.

The combustion chamber 16 is supported with a total of four feet 14 on the base plate 17, and above the base plate 17, a lower plate 15 is arranged, which extends over the entire base surface of the heater housing 1 and part of the base plate 17.

In the interior of the heater housing 1, a heat shield 18 is arranged on the bottom side, which is interspersed by the feet 14 so that the heat shield 18 avoids that inadmissible heat against the base plate 17 and the lower plate 15 is discharged.

Out FIG. 2 For more details, refer to important parts FIG. 1 in FIG. 2 were removed.

The basic features of the four-way exhaust draft system are out FIG. 2 already to be seen, although in conjunction with FIG. 4 to be described in more detail.

It is important that the combustion chamber 16 generates a flame in the direction of flame 38 and in conjunction with FIG. 6 the rear end of the combustion chamber 16 is formed by the fact that extends approximately over the horizontal width of the combustion chamber 16, an angle plate 54, which consists of an upper horizontal leg 54a and a vertical leg 54b.

While the horizontal leg 54 a of the angle plate 54 closes the entire rear combustion chamber in the horizontal direction, the vertical leg 54 b of the angle plate 54 is formed shorter in width, so that laterally lower acute-angled Einströmöffnungen 85 for the inflow of fuel gases to the rear, in the first flue 42 result.

The inlet openings are closed at the top by cover plates 84, so that the fuel gases can flow out only in the indicated arrow directions 86 through the inlet openings 85 to the rear.

Thus, while the fuel gases of the burner flame 53 initially in the direction of arrow 55 (see FIG. 6 ) impinge on the lower combustion chamber wall, which is formed by the reversing plate 56, they also meet on the angle plate 54 and are on the vertical leg 54 b in the lateral inflow openings 85 in the direction of arrow 86 as part streams left and right of the angle plate 54 in each case horizontally behind lying lower flue 42 initiated, which are formed by the collector 13.

This is thus the first exhaust gas train, which is referred to as horizontally lying down exhaust flue 42.

Through the lower (first) flue 42, the heating gases flow in the direction of arrow 86 as part streams and are directed in the direction of arrow 37 vertically upwards, deflected into the rear (second) flue 39.

The rear (second) flue 39 is formed by the clear cross sections of the rear flat register 12, so that all in the horizontally located (first) flue 42 flowing fuel gases flow through the interior of the heat exchanger plates 29 arranged there. This is in dashed arrows in FIG. 2 indicated where indicated by the direction of the arrow 37, that the fuel gases from the lower flue 42, that is the horizontal collector 13) are deflected in the direction of arrow 37 and respectively through the inner cross sections of the heat exchanger plates 29 of the second, vertically standing flue 39 to flow therethrough.

The rear flat register 12 with its standing heat exchanger plates 29 is connected as a second flue 39 air-tight with the lower, horizontal collector 13 as the first flue 42.

However, part of the combustion gases is branched off from this exhaust gas flow and passed through the third and fourth exhaust gas trains 40, 41.

This is done according to FIG. 4 in that a part of the fuel gases is reflected at the reversing plate 56 and flows back as a partial flow in the direction of arrow 60 and is divided there, with a first partial flow in the direction of arrow 61 under the burner 5 flows into the lower inlet opening of a front header 46, thus the front (third) flue 40 forms.

The other part of the flow of fuel gases flows in the direction of arrow 60 directly into the front header 46 and is in the indicated direction of the arrow after deflected above in the direction of arrow 62 and inserted into the upper, lying flat register 33 as the fourth exhaust draft 41 and flows through this

Characteristic of the upper, lying flat register is that there vertically upright, a mutual distance to each other engaging heat exchanger plates 34 are present, the space is flowed through by the fresh air to be heated. The upper flat register 33 thus forms the fourth exhaust gas train 41.

The exhaust gases flowing through the individual heat exchanger plates are thus guided in the direction of arrow 62 through the interior of the heat exchanger plates 34 and also open into the rear header 35, where they unite with the exhaust gas flow from the rear exhaust 39 and flow out of the exhaust pipe 7 in the direction of arrow 59.

The arrangement of the four spaced apart exhaust trains 39, 40, 41, 42 so optimal distribution of the exhaust gas produced is achieved, so that large, heat-emitting parts are wetted by the fresh air and thus an improved energy transfer to the injected fresh air.

The heating of the fresh air stream will be described below.

The fresh air 64 sucked in by the axial fan 8 flows into a rear injection chamber 65, which is sealed in an air-tight manner on the bottom side by the blocking plate 26 with respect to the interior of the heating housing 1.

Therefore, the fresh air 64 flows around a part of the rear flue 39 and the rear header 35.

It is therefore guided in the direction of arrow 68 in the upper region of the heater housing 1 along the upper flue 41, but flows simultaneously also from bottom to top through the upper flat register 33, as indicated by the arrow 66. Fresh air injected under pressure in the injection chamber 65 therefore also flows in the direction of the arrow 66 through the lower side of the upper flat register 33 and flows around the heat exchanger plates 34 arranged there because the air flow in the direction of the arrow 69 passes through the intermediate spaces between the heat exchanger plates 34 and is deflected in the direction of the arrow 70 ,

He therefore unite in an upper injection chamber 67, which is formed horizontal lying.

The injection chamber 67 is delimited toward the front sheet 3 by an arcuate air guide plate 32 so that the fresh air already partially heated in the directions of the arrows 68 and 70 is deflected on this air guide plate 32 in the direction of arrow 72 into the deflection chamber 71 arranged there and flows in the direction of the arrow down into a circulating air space 51 formed at the front.

The fresh air 64, which is increasingly heated there, is discharged downwards in the vertical circulation air space 51 arranged at the front and is redirected in the direction of the arrow 73 on the bottom side and flows along the bottom 87 of the combustion chamber 16.

It is important that the fresh air 64 to be heated also flows in the direction of the arrow 66 through the passage tubes 31 passing through the front collector 46 in a horizontal direction forwards into the circulating air space 51 arranged at the front.

In this way, in the circulating air space 51, a combination of the air flows flowing from top to bottom, which come from the deflection chamber 71, with the horizontal, in the direction of arrow 66 via the passage tubes 31 flowing air flow.

Due to the arrangement of the spaced apart and horizontally located passage tubes 31, which are thermally conductively connected to the surfaces of the front header 46, there is an optimal heat transfer to the horizontal in the direction of arrow 66, these passage tubes 31 by flowing hot air flow.

The circulating air space 51 is closed on the bottom side with an air guide plate 30 which deflects the air flow in the indicated arrow direction 73 and leads to the bottom 87 of the combustion chamber 16 along the outside.

The air flow thus flows in the horizontal direction of arrow 74 at the bottom 87 of the combustion chamber 16 and enters the indicated arrow direction in the circulating air chamber 19, which surrounds the entire combustion chamber 16, so that the thus heated fresh air from arrow 74 continues to flow in the direction of arrow 75, the circulating air 19th flows through and is deflected in the rear area in the direction of arrow 77.

It thus enters a rear mixing chamber 78, where it flows out in the direction of arrow 76 and is blown into the air outlet 11 under pressure in the direction of arrow 21.

It is also mentioned that the lower flue 42 is closed at the rear end by a closing flap 58 which is open and can be done on the revision work.

The FIG. 5 shows that in the rear header 35, a lid 80 is arranged for a cleaning opening. The FIG. 5 also shows that the respective profile of the heat exchanger plates 29 of the upper flat register 33 and the stationary rear flat register 12 is formed approximately trapezoidal, and thus form trapezoidal outflow or flow openings 79.

Thus, the heat exchanger plates have a trapezoidal flow profile.

The FIG. 5 also shows that the combustion chamber 16 is closed at the rear end by a barrel-shaped combustion chamber bottom 81, and in FIG. 5 is also a part plate indicated, which was previously designated by the reference numeral 56 as a reversing plate. The barrel-shaped combustion chamber floor 81 has good reflection properties for the burner flame 53 reflected on the inside and forms a large heat transfer surface on the outside.

The function of an angle plate 54 arranged in the combustion chamber 16 will be described in more detail below.

Out FIG. 5 It can be seen that the angle plate 54 consists of a horizontal leg 54a and a vertical leg 54b.

According to FIG. 6 hits the burner flame 53 with the accompanying fuel gases in the direction of arrow 55 at right angles to the vertical leg 54b of the angle plate 54. The fuel gases are thereby deflected laterally in the direction of arrow 86 and flow through small-sized, lateral inlet openings 85 in the direction of arrow 55 from.

The openings are covered above the horizontal leg 54a by cover plates 84, so that only relatively small dimensioned lower inlet openings 85 are provided laterally on the vertical leg 54b of the angle plate 54.

The vertical leg 54b of the angle plate 54 is thereby bounded by the side edges 88.

The vertical leg 54b of the angle plate 54 has in the direction of the bottom 87 of the combustion chamber 16 an exemption 83, through which the Exhaust gas flows in the direction of the arrow in the lower flue 42.

Accordingly, the vertical leg 54b of the angle plate 54 forms a Zugumkehrung for the exhaust gas flow, and thus a better heat transfer surface.

Advantage of the hot air generating system according to the invention is the vierzügige flue 39, 40, 41, 42, which leads to an optimal heating of the sucked fresh air flow.

The fresh air flow is heated at a plurality of heated surfaces of the four-way exhaust flue 39-42, whereby it comes to a favorable heat transfer with high efficiency.

The arrangement of a stationary, rear flat register 12 has the advantage that accumulating fine dust is accumulated in the lower, lying flue 42 and can be removed via the end flap 58.

Due to the fact that the upper, lying exhaust flue 41 is indirectly flowed through already cooled exhaust gases, there is the advantage that in this lying flat register 33 only a small particulate matter deposit arises. There resulting particulate matter is guided with the exhaust gases in the rear header 35 and falls there through the trapezoidal openings of the heat exchanger plates of the rear flat register in the underlying collector 13 and can be easily removed from the collector 13 by opening the end flap 58.

This results in the greater part of the fine dust deposit in the lower collector 13 (flue 42), while the upper flue 41 is hardly burdened by fine dust, because there is little and the small amount of fine dust ultimately reaches the lower collector 13.

This also applies to the front flue 40, because this is only coated by cooled exhaust gases, and therefore a separation of particulate matter in this standing flue 40 does not need to be feared.

drawing Legend

1

heater housing

2

upper sheet

3

front sheet

4

viewing tube

5

burner

6

ash collector

7

exhaust pipe

8th

fan

9

rear sheet

10

rear heat shield

11

air outlet

12

rear flat register

13

lower collector

14

stand

15

lower sheet

16

combustion chamber

17

baseplate

18

Heat Shield

19

circulation space

20

receiving opening

21

Arrow direction (warm air)

22

Arrow direction (exhaust gas)

23

Arrow direction (fresh air)

24

suction

25

inflation opening

26

locking plate

27

arrow

28

baffle

29

heat exchanger plate

30

Air baffle, bottom

31

threading pipe

32

Air baffle, top

33

upper flat register

34

heat exchanger plate

35

rear collector

36

arrow

37

arrow

38

direction of the flame

39

rear flue (first)

40

front flue (third)

41

upper exhaust flue (fourth)

42

lower flue (second)

43

arrow

44

arrow

45

arrow

46

front collector

47

48

Flange for burner 5

49

Flange pipe for burner 5

50

Cover for cleaning (front)

51

recirculated air space

52

draw plate

53

burner flame

54

Angle plate 54a, 54b

55

arrow

56

reverse sheet

57

arrow

58

closing flap

59

arrow

60

arrow

61

arrow

62

arrow

63

arrow

64

fresh air

65

Blow-in chamber, rear

66

arrow

67

Blow-in chamber, above

68

arrow

69

arrow

70

arrow

71

deflection

72

arrow

73

arrow

74

arrow

75

arrow

76

arrow

77

arrow

78

rear mixing chamber

79

outflow

80

Cover for cleaning opening (rear)

81

Combustion chamber floor

82

Partial flow (exhaust gas)

83

exemption

84

cover sheet

85

inflow

86

arrow

87

Bottom of 16

88

Side edges of 54

Claims (10)

Warm air heating for generating hot air with a burner (5) for combustion of solid fuels, eg pellets or for combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels, wherein in the interior of a heater housing (1) a horizontal combustion chamber (16) is arranged, at which a burner (5 ), which produces a burner flame (53) directed into the combustion chamber (16), the combustion chamber (16) being connected in an air-tight manner to a plurality of exhaust ducts (39-42) arranged spatially separated from one another, and an exhaust draft (41) being connected from an upper, lying flat register (33) is formed, which is surrounded by the fresh air of a fan (8), the outside air sucks from the outside and via the plurality of flues (39-42) passes, which heat the fresh air and as hot air from the heater housing (1) Run, characterized in that the combustion chamber (16) consists of at least four exhaust flues (39-42) existing, flowing through fuel gases heating device connects with airtight connection. Warm air heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the first exhaust gas train (42) consists of an air-tight to the combustion chamber (16) subsequent, lower horizontal collector (13), the air-tight with an adjoining vertical flat register (12) as a second flue gas ( 39), that the combustion chamber (16) is further connected in an air-tight manner to a front, front, vertical collector (46) which forms the third exhaust gas duct (40) which is inserted into an upper horizontal flat register (33) as the fourth exhaust gas duct (46). 41), which opens into a rear, upper collector (35) into which also open the combustion gases of the second flue gas pass (39) and that the upper collector (35) is connected to an exhaust pipe leading to the outside (7). Warm air heater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at the rear and upper end of the heater housing 1, an axial fan (8) is arranged, which has two mutually opposite, mutually aligned suction openings (24), and that the fresh air (64) in opposite directions (23) via both suction ports (24) sucked and centrally into a blow-in chamber (65) of the heater housing (1) is inflatable. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the burner flame (53) impinges on a stationary end face, the combustion chamber (16) rear end reversing plate (56) and there in back into the combustion chamber (16) is reflected. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the burner flame (53) impinges on a stationary, in the lower region of the combustion chamber (16) arranged angle plate (54), the fuel gases via lateral inflow openings (85) in the first flue ( 42), while a portion of the fuel gases from the combustion chamber (16) in the front near the third exhaust train (40) can be introduced. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the third exhaust gas train (40) by a vertical collector (46) is formed, which is permeated by fresh air-flowed through pipes (31). Hot air heater according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the upper injection chamber (65) pressed fresh air (64) flows as at least two different partial streams in the interior of the heater housing (1), that the first partial flow through the first heat exchanger plates ( 39) of the rear flat register (12) and the combustion chamber bottom (81) flows and that the second partial flow via the rear header (35) and the connected upper flat register (33) in the direction of the front side of the heater housing (1) flows. Warm air heater according to claim 7, characterized in that the first partial flow of the heated fresh air after flowing around the front header (46) also passes through the front collector (46) passing through pipes (31) and enters a front close, vertical circulating air space (51), the hot air flow over the combustion chamber bottom (87) of the combustion chamber (16) and via the first exhaust flue (42) in a rear, vertical mixing chamber (78) which is connected to the air outlet (11). Hot air heater according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the hot air side recirculation space (51) is closed on the bottom side with an air guide plate (30) which deflects the hot air flow and at the bottom (87) of the combustion chamber (16) leads along the outside. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at the rear end of the first flue (42) a closure flap (58) is arranged, via which in the upper flat register (33) and in the upper collector (35), and in the rear Flat register (12) resulting particulate matter is removable.

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