EP3286493A1

EP3286493A1 - Illumination device comprising semiconductor primary light sources and at least one luminophore element

Info

Publication number: EP3286493A1
Application number: EP16720770.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Stephan Schwaiger; Andreas Petersen; Frank Schatz
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH; Osram GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH; Osram GmbH
Priority date: 2015-04-24
Filing date: 2016-04-22
Publication date: 2018-02-28
Also published as: CN110023672A; US20180142842A1; DE102015106312A1; WO2016170154A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an illumination device (1) comprising: a plurality of semiconductor primary light sources (Dij) each of which emits primary beams of light (Pij); a beam deflection device (5) able to be illuminated by said primary beams of light, particularly at least one movable mirror able to assume at least two beam deflection positions; and a luminophore element (9) that can be illuminated by means of primary beams of light (Pij) deflected by said beam deflection device (5), light spots (Fij) of said individual primary beams of light (Pij) being spatially distinguishable on the at least one luminophore element (9), a total light spot (Fges) composed of the light spots (Fij) of said individual primary beams of light (Pij) being spatially distinguishable on the at least one luminophore element (9) depending on the beam deflection position of said beam deflection device (5), and it being possible to selectively switch at least one primary beam of light (Pij), incident on the at least one luminophore element (9), on and off during operation of said illumination device (1). The illumination device (1) can, for example, be used in projection devices, particularly vehicle headlamps or devices for professional illumination, for example for decorative lighting such as a stage projector or a disco light.

Description

description

Lighting device with semiconductor primary light sources and at least one phosphor body

The invention relates to a lighting device,

comprising a plurality of semiconductor primary light sources for

Emitting respective primary light beams, a beam deflecting device which can be illuminated by means of the primary light beams and which can assume at least two beam deflecting positions, and at least one phosphor body which can be illuminated by means of primary light beams deflected by the beam deflecting device. The invention is applicable, for example, to projection devices, in particular

Vehicle headlights or devices for professional lighting, for example for effect lighting, e.g. as a stage spotlight or as a disco light.

Simple headlights in the automotive sector today offer the choice between several well-defined light distributions, such. Low beam, high beam and fog light.

So-called "adaptive" headlamp systems with variable light distributions complete this selection and offer

For example, dynamic cornering lights, motorway, city and bad weather light. The selection of the light distributions is partly made by the situation of the headlight system or the central electronics of the vehicle. Also exist in the field of vehicle lighting so-called.

"active" headlamps, in which a limited number of pixels arranged in columns can be generated. With active headlamps, for example, it is possible to have oncoming and preceding vehicles within your own

To hide high beam cones ("glare-free high beam") or highlight sources of danger by direct lighting for the driver. A possible technical implementation of an active headlight is based on a means Laser radiation excitable phosphor. The phosphor is scanned here with the stimulating radiation or

"scanned" and then imaged using a projection optics. The principle is for example in the

Publications DE 10 2010 028 949 AI, US 2014/0029282 AI and WO 2014/121314 AI described. These publications describe that dynamically adaptable light distributions are generated on the phosphor by controlling the laser radiation used to excite the phosphor with the aid of a controllable light deflecting unit in the form of a movable micromirror. A desired

Light distribution can (as described in US 2014/0029282 AI) both an intensity modulation of the

Laser source, via an adjustment of the angular velocity of the deflection unit as well as a combination of both

Mechanisms are achieved.

The wavelength conversion or conversion of the

Laser light necessary phosphors are due to the so-called.

"thermal quenching" in terms of their conversion rate or a maximum acceptable power density (for example, due to their physical material properties such as a

Resistance to "laser ablation") and thus limited in terms of their maximum luminance. This limit of luminance limits the resulting

Luminous flux per cross-sectional area of the (by the laser beam) illuminated phosphor element. To avoid the e.g. for one

To reach headlamps necessary luminous flux is therefore a minimum illuminated area on the phosphor element and thus a minimum cross-sectional area of the

Laser beam necessary. While the luminous flux with increasing beam diameter (with constant power density of the

Beam), the achievable resolution decreases. So there is a conflict of objectives between the resolution and the achievable luminous flux. Increasing the resolution causes a reduction in luminous flux per pixel and vice versa. The only way to avoid the negative consequences of the luminance limit of the phosphor, without the Reducing resolution is to distribute the luminous flux over several laser beams. The technical

Realizations of this have the disadvantage that they entail a high adjustment effort and require a lot of space for the arrangement of the light sources or the deflection units.

It is the object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art at least partially and in particular a compact lighting device

provide that without large Ansteuerungs- and / or

Adjustment effort allows high resolution at high luminous flux. This object is achieved according to the characteristics of the independent

Claims solved. Preferred embodiments are

in particular the dependent claims.

The object is achieved by a lighting device comprising a plurality of semiconductor primary light sources for

Emitting respective primary light beams, an illuminable by means of the primary light beams beam deflecting device, which can assume at least two Strahlumlenkstellungen, and a phosphor body, by means of the

Beam deflecting deflected primary light beams is illuminated, wherein - in at least one

Beam deflection position - light spots of the individual

Primary light beams (also called "single spots")

are spatially distinguishable on the at least one phosphor body, a composite of the individual light spots total luminous spot depending on the Strahlumlenkstellung the Strahlumlenkeinrichtung on the at least one phosphor body is locally distinguishable and at least one on the at least one

Fluorescent body falling primary light beam during operation of the lighting device is selectively switched on and off. By means of this lighting device, it becomes possible to achieve a high resolution, since not only a position of the total light spot on the phosphor body locally

is variable, but also the individual

Primary light beams (or "single beams") can be varied by switching on and off, e.g. also depending on a position of the total light spot. Furthermore, such an activation and adjustment of the beam deflection device and / or the semiconductor primary light sources is simplified. In particular, the individual primary light beams (also referred to as "single primary light beams" or "individual beams") can now be directed onto the phosphor with a relatively low adjustment effort, without reducing the resolution or the luminous flux. Another advantage is that the adjustment of the individual semiconductor primary light sources to each other no longer needs to be made at the system level, but can already take place at the manufacturer of the semiconductor primary light sources. The total light spot (and thus also a composite of the individual primary light beams total light beam) is thus segmented by the individual beams or

partly switchable and therefore varied in many ways. Thus, among other things, it is possible to dynamically adapt a intensity profile of a useful light emitted by the phosphor or a light emission pattern emitted by the illumination apparatus with a low constructional complexity in a particularly finely resolved manner. At least two single spots may be partially overlapping or separated. The segmentability of the total luminous spot therefore does not necessarily also include a sharp separation of the individual luminous spots from one another. The total light spot can

basically - e.g. also dependent on one

Beam deflecting the Strahlumlenkeinrichtung - be a single contiguous spot or have several spatially separated luminous portions. The spatially separated luminous sections can each be composed of several individual spots again.

In this lighting device, therefore, at least one total light spot, which is composed of all light spots of the individual primary light beams, can be uniformly moved on the phosphor body by means of the beam deflection device, while at least some individual light spots

Primary light beams are selectively switched on and off.

A "beam deflection position" may in particular be understood to mean a position of the beam deflection device in which an incident primary light beam is deflected in a predetermined spatial direction. Various

Beam deflections cause an incident

Primary beam is deflected in different directions. A beam redirecting position may be, for example, a mechanical position (e.g., an angular position or a lift position) and / or an electrical or electronic adjustment (e.g., a voltage level or code train).

The selective turn-on and turn-off capability of at least one semiconductor primary light source comprises that of several

Semiconductor primary light sources at least one semiconductor primary light source individually and / or in groups switched on and off. It's one for one especially

Variegated formation of a Nutzlichtstrahls advantageous development that all semiconductor primary light sources are switched on and off individually, which allows a particularly diverse setting of Lichtabstrahlmusters. Alternatively, the lighting device but also

at least one non-selective on and off

Have primary light beam. At least one semiconductor primary light source may be - e.g. depending on a given application - individually or in groups on and off

be switched off. The selective turn-on and turn-off capability may include having the associated semiconductor primary light source selectively generate or not generate a primary light beam

can be activated or deactivated. The selective turn-on and turn-off capability may also include a generated one

Primary light beam is selectively passable or blockable. The blocking can be achieved, for example, by means of respective shutters or shutters. The phosphor body can be present or used in a reflective arrangement and / or in a transmitting arrangement. In the reflective arrangement, the light emitted from the phosphor body is used as the useful light radiated from the side of the phosphor body to which the primary light beams are incident as well. In the transmissive arrangement, the light emitted from the phosphor body is used as the useful light that is incident from that with respect to the incident light

Primary light rays facing away from the phosphor body is emitted. In particular, one is both

reflective as well as transmissive arrangement feasible. Especially in a transmissive arrangement are more

optical elements, such as dichroic mirrors, to increase the efficiency feasible.

The phosphor body has at least one phosphor which is suitable for at least partially converting or converting incident primary light into secondary light of different wavelengths. If there are multiple phosphors, these secondary lights will be like each other

generate different wavelength and / or by

Primary light of different wavelengths generate the secondary light. The wavelength of the secondary light may be longer (so-called "Down Conversion") or shorter (so-called "Up

Conversion ") as the wavelength of the primary light.

For example, blue primary light (e.g.

Wavelength of about 450 nm) by means of a phosphor in green, yellow, orange or red secondary light being transformed. In only partial

Wavelength conversion or wavelength conversion, a mixture of secondary light (e.g., yellow) and unconverted primary light (e.g., blue) is emitted from the phosphor body which may serve as useful light (e.g., white).

The phosphor body may be a (flat) phosphor plate, for example in the form of a ceramic. The

Phosphor plate can at least at the by the

Primary light beams to be irradiated surface planar. The phosphor chip can be a constant or a

have varying thickness. It may, for example, have a round or quadrangular edge contour. As an alternative or in addition, the phosphor wafer can also be non-planar, for example arched or undulated, at least on the surface that can be irradiated by the primary light beams. The phosphor body can be a single, coherently produced phosphor body, which is also known as

one-piece phosphor body can be called.

Alternatively, the phosphor body can be made separately

assembled sub-segments, the

offset from one another and / or rotated and / or inclined and / or tilted, wherein the sub-segments can be arranged on a common plane, but need not be. These sub-segments or sub-phosphor bodies may have the same or different conversion characteristics (eg, in terms of a degree of conversion, a phosphor used, etc.). If there are a plurality of partial phosphor bodies, at least two of them can adjoin one another closely, for example abutting one another. The phosphor body can be, for example, a rectangular or a round phosphor body. The phosphor body may have a largest diameter of 20 mm or less. For example, a rectangular phosphor body may have edge dimensions of 5 x 20 mm or 20 x 5 mm.

The light spots of the individual primary light beams or

their single spots on the at least one

Fluorescent bodies are locally distinguishable, may also be referred to as a "lateral disjoint" or just as one

be called "disjoint" arrangement. The disjoint ones

Arrangement comprises that adjacent light spots laterally or laterally separated from each other or only partially

overlapping. The disjoint arrangement is given in particular in that places of maximum luminance and / or centers of adjacent luminous spots do not coincide, but are laterally spaced from one another. In particular, a center of a luminous spot can be understood to be a geometric center of gravity (possibly weighted with the luminance).

It is a development that at least two individual primary light beams or single spots on the

at least one phosphor body are spatially distinguishable and at least two primary light beams or individual spots on the at least one phosphor body lie directly on top of each other. "Directly superimposed"

Single spots have in particular the same

geometric focus on. Directly superimposed single spots may have the same or different characteristics (e.g., diameter). By the

Using directly superimposed single light spots can be an even greater variation of

Luminance distribution on the phosphor body and thus reach the Lichtabstrahlmusters.

A partial overlap is especially given when edges of adjacent spots overlap. An edge of a light spot may, for example, enclose the area in which a luminance of at least 5%, in particular of at least 10%, in particular of at least 1 / e (corresponding to approx. 13.5%), in particular 1 / e

(corresponding to approx. 36.8%), the maximum luminance of this luminous spot is reached. A separate one

Arrangement is achieved analogously when the edges do not overlap.

In particular, the at least one semiconductor primary light source comprises at least one laser, for example at least one laser diode. The laser diode may be in the form of at least one individually gehausten laser diode or in ungehauster form, z. B. as at least one chip or "die" present. In particular, a plurality of laser diodes may be present as at least one multi-die package or as at least one laser bar. For example, the multi-laser package PLPM4 450 from Osram Opto Semiconductors can be used. Several chips can be mounted on a common substrate ("submount"). Instead of a laser, for example, at least one light emitting diode

be used.

It is a continuing education that the at least one

Semiconductor primary light source has at least four, in particular at least 20, in particular at least 30, in particular at least 40, semiconductor primary light sources. The higher the number of semiconductor primary light sources, the higher is an achievable light intensity in the far field and the lower requirements need to be applied to a possibly required movement of the beam deflecting device. It is also a development that the semiconductor primary light sources are adapted to all

Primary light beams to emit or emit parallel to each other. This can be e.g. by attaching the semiconductor primary light sources on one or more common carriers. Especially for this

Development can all semiconductor primary light sources on a common carrier, in particular printed circuit board, be arranged, for example, as at least one multi-die package or as at least one laser bar.

It is still a development that the semiconductor primary light sources are arranged in a regular surface pattern, in particular in a symmetrical

Surface pattern, for example in a rectangular

Matrix pattern or in a hexagonal pattern. This gives the advantage that a whole of all during one

Image build-up time producible single spots on the

Fluorescent body in a simple manner also regularly, in particular symmetrically, may be formed or forms a regular pattern there, for example, a matrix pattern. In particular, undesirable luminance jumps or undesired luminance gaps between adjacent ones can be avoided

Luminous spots are avoided.

The plurality of semiconductor primary light sources may be followed by a first optic in the form of a "primary optic", which comprises the single primary light beams emitted by the semiconductor primary light sources, e.g. collimated.

In the light path between the plurality of semiconductor primary light sources or, if present, the first one

Primary optics and the beam deflecting a second optics may be arranged with at least one optical element. In the light path between the beam deflection device and the at least one phosphor body, a third optical system with at least one optical element can be arranged. The fourth optics can be optically connected downstream of the at least one phosphor body with at least one optical element for beam shaping of the useful light. The third optics and the fourth optics may have at least one common optical element, for example at least one optical element for focusing the primary light beams on the phosphor body and for coupling out the latter

Fluorescent body radiated Nutzlichts. It is an embodiment that the beam deflecting device at least one by means of the primary light beams

having illuminated movable mirror, which can assume at least two angular positions as Strahlumlenkstellungen. This embodiment has the advantage that it is relatively simple, compact, durable and inexpensive feasible.

The at least one movable mirror may in particular at least one rotatable or pivotable mirror

but may additionally or alternatively also

be displaceable.

It is a training that at least one

Movable mirror is exactly a mirror, which allows a particularly simple structure. Such a mirror is

in particular pivotable about two mutually perpendicular axes of rotation or rotatable, e.g. around an x-axis and about a y-axis. As a result, a fundamentally arbitrary position of the total luminous spot on the phosphor body is made possible with only one mirror, for example a row-wise or column-by-column or lissaj ousfigur-like illumination of the phosphor body. So again, a e.g. row / column-wise or lissaj ousfigur-like generation of a built-up light through the light emission pattern

allows.

It is also a development that the at least one movable mirror comprises a plurality of movable mirrors. These can deflect the primary light beams, for example, into different spatial directions, e.g. for a line-wise or column-wise construction of the Lichtabstrahlmusters. Thus, it is a development that the at least one illuminatable by means of the primary light beams movable mirror each comprises a rotatable mirror per axis of rotation, for example, a rotatable mirror for the x-axis and a

downstream rotatable mirror for the y-axis, or vice versa. Such mirrors are particularly easy to implement. It is also a variant that only a single, about a single axis of rotation rotatable mirror is used. One

Image construction is then enabled, for example, by having a total spot in a second image direction (e.g., one image height or one image width) so large (e.g., as high or so wide) that it occupies the entire second

Image direction occupies. In particular, in this case, the resolution in the second image direction via the on or off circuit of the individual beams can be done. The semiconductor primary light sources may then be e.g. be arranged in a row.

It is one to use at least one mirror

alternative or additional embodiment that the

Beam deflecting a field or array of

Having phase shifters, in the desired angular ranges or for desired Strahlumlenkstellungen a

Light redistribution by constructive or destructive

Interference possible. For example, possible embodiments include a field of vertically displaceable piston-like MEMS (mirror-like) mirrors or e.g. an LCD-based phase shift field. It is still a development that the second optics is arranged and arranged to at least two of the

Semiconductor primary light sources emitted single primary light beams at different angles to the at least one mirror to direct. This can be a

particularly small mirrors are used, in particular a micromirror. The second optics can in particular

be arranged and arranged several parallel

incident primary light rays toward the mirror

focus.

It is also a development that the second optics is set up and arranged, two individual primary light beams emitted by the semiconductor primary light sources parallel but laterally disjointly directed to the at least one mirror.

It is also an embodiment that the at least one movable mirror comprises at least one micromirror. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly compact arrangement. The micromirror may be a MEMS device, which may be referred to as a MEMS mirror. At least one

Micromirror may have a single continuous movable mirror surface. At least one micromirror may have a plurality of - in particular independently of each other - movable mirror surfaces. It may then be present in particular as a micromirror array, e.g. as a DMD ("Digital Micromirror Device"). A micromirror (or a

matrix-like arrangement of micromirrors) can resonant or non-resonant with respect to its vibrational behavior

be controlled. The dynamic sequence of

Angular positions of a micromirror can be sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal, in particular with a temporally linear or a temporally nonlinear deflection.

Commercially available MEMS mirrors have a deflection of +/- (10 ° ... 12 °).

At least one micromirror can be actuatable, in particular pivotable, for example stepwise or steplessly. The respective angular positions correspond to the respective positions of a total

Primary light beam on the at least one phosphor body or the respective total light spot. The at least one associated actuator (e.g., a piezo actuator with or without

Hub Reinforcement) may be formed or used as a stepper motor. Alternatively or additionally, at least one micromirror can be continuously rotatable by means of a drive shaft, namely between two end positions or spinning. The actuator can then be an electric motor. For example, using a stepwise pivotable mirror and a continuously rotatable mirror Mirror a structure similar to a so-called "flying spot" - method can be achieved.

It is also an embodiment that the at least one phosphor body of a through the individual

Primary light beams composite total light beam is illuminated web-like or the total light spot

web-like on the phosphor body is movable or "scannable".

The sheet-like movement may be e.g. a line or

columnar movement or movement according to a

Lissaj ousfigur his. The inverse of the time taken to sweep a row or column may be referred to as a horizontal scan frequency or line rate or vertical scan frequency or line rate.

It is a training that the individual

Primary light beams with a switching frequency on and

can be switched off, which is at least 10 times, in particular at least 100 times, in particular at least 1000 times, in particular at least 10000 times higher than that

Scanning frequency. For example, a pulse rate of the semiconductor primary light sources may be correspondingly higher than the scan frequency.

The duration of a cycle to illuminate the

Fluorescent body is also referred to as "image buildup time", the associated frequency as "image buildup frequency". The

For a sufficiently high temporal resolution of a light-emitting pattern, the image-building frequency is advantageously at least 50 Hz, particularly advantageously at least 75 Hz, even more particularly advantageously at least in a far-field

100 Hz, in particular at least 200 Hz.

It is also an embodiment that is

differently positioned and thus in particular also successively generated total light spots on the at least partially overlap at least one phosphor body, namely in a so-called. "Overlap region" of the phosphor body. There, a particularly high temporally integrated luminance can be achieved. In other words, it is an embodiment that leads to different beam deflection positions of the beam deflecting device (eg to different angular positions of the at least one

Mirror) associated overall spots may overlap partially.

It is an embodiment of the fact that at least two individual light spots, which belong to different total light spots, can overlap. In other words, in the overlap region, individual spots of different total light beams may overlap in time but overlap congruently. As a result, a particularly versatile light pattern can be emitted on the phosphor body and can be emitted by the lighting device

Light emission pattern available. In particular, such a graduated time-integrated luminance of individual

Luminous areas in an overlapping area of the

Fluorescent body can be achieved only by switching on and off of the individual primary light beams are. Also, a particularly high resolution can be achieved.

It is still an embodiment of at least two rows (e.g., columns or rows) of spots of individual primary light rays different to one another

Total light spots may include, can overlay. As a result, a high resolution and a high temporal integrated luminance are particularly easy for e.g. allows a line or column-like sweeping or scanning of the phosphor body. It's one of a kind for a mechanically very simple

configurable and fast switching

Movement mechanism at least one mirror advantageous embodiment that - to different Angular positions belonging - total light spots are spatially separated.

In principle, during a picture build-up, some overall spots may be completely overlapping each other on the screen

Phosphor bodies are generated and other total spots are made locally distinguishable or disjoint on the phosphor body (i.e., only partially

overlapping or spatially separated).

It is also a configuration that a turn-on pattern (that is, a pattern of turn-on and turn-off states) of the producible light spots is dependent on the

Beam deflection position of the beam deflector (e.g., from the angular position of the at least one moveable mirror).

It is also an embodiment that the total light spot has a maximum achievable planar extent which does not exceed 20% of a corresponding extent of the phosphor body or of its illuminable area,

in particular 10%, in particular 5%, in particular 2% and in particular 1% does not exceed. As a result, a particularly high luminance of the light spots can be achieved. By changing the jet deflection position of

Beam deflecting means (e.g., the angular position of the at least one mirror) may be located within a

Illumination cycle or generate within a picture setup time a plurality of disjoint total light spots, which together more than 20% (in particular 10 2% or 1%) of

cover appropriate expansion of the phosphor body. Under a plane extent, for example, a

Diameter (eg in a total light spot with a round basic shape), an edge length or a diagonal (eg in a total light spot with a rectangular or hexagonal basic shape) are understood. The extent and / or the shape of the total luminous spot may be given in particular by the extent and / or the shape of an enveloping contour of the total luminous spot. In particular, the enveloping contour may be the imaginary line of minimal length surrounding all the individual spots of an overall spot. It surrounds a closed area in which all individual spots are located. In a rectangular matrix-shaped arrangement of the single spots, the associated enveloping contour may be rectangular

Basic shape, etc. that the shape of the overall

The shape of its enveloping contour has a certain (e.g., rectangular, hexagonal, circular, oval, freeform, etc.) basic shape, may include that at least part of the edges are curved, the basic shape is e.g. has rounded edges.

It is advantageous for avoiding light losses that at least a single primary light beam at a Brewster angle on the phosphor body falls, as a surface reflection is kept very low.

It is also a development that the

Lighting device is coupled to at least one sensor (for example, with a camera) and the individual

Primary light beams or the associated light spots depending on a measured value of the at least one sensor can be switched on and off. This can be done at one

when a pedestrian or an animal has been detected by means of a front camera

Luminous spots are completely turned off in the

illuminate associated light emission pattern of this object. This reduces glare of the object. Such

Adaptation of the light emission pattern may also be referred to as "dynamic" or "active" adaptation. Another

Possibility of dynamic adaptation consists in switching on or off of individual primary light beams or

associated spots as a function of a value an external light sensor. Furthermore, there is the possibility that switching on and off can be set or changed via an interface interacting with the vehicle, for example a software application ("app") or a position signal (GPS, etc.). Thus, for example, users of a vehicle depending on weather conditions (fog, rain, snow, etc.) or depending on age, condition of the eyes and other preferences make within the legal standards allowable adjustment of Lichtabstrahlmusters.

It is also an embodiment that the

Lighting device is a projection device.

This is understood in particular to mean a device which is intended to illuminate an area which is at a distance from the projection device, in particular a

Far field. The far field can e.g. Designate a space area in front of the lighting device from a distance of about one meter, in particular from a distance of about five

Meters.

It is also an embodiment that the

Lighting device is a vehicle headlight or an effect lighting device (e.g., a stage or a disco lighting). The lighting device may also be an image projector.

In the case of a vehicle headlamp, the associated vehicle may be a motor vehicle such as a passenger car, a truck, a bus, a motorcycle, etc., an aircraft such as an airplane or a helicopter or a

Be a watercraft. The lighting device can

basically to another lighting device of a vehicle, for example, a tail light. The lighting device can be a safety function

by means of which it is achieved that in a

Damage to the lighting device from this

leaking light (especially primary light) none can develop harmful effects. In particular, the radiation emitted by the illumination device is kept within a photobiologically harmless level, for example, by a structural design and / or by switching off the semiconductor primary light sources

( "Auto Off"). The automatic shutdown can e.g.

sensor-triggered, for example, based on

Measured values of a distance sensor, a camera, an airbag sensor, etc. The damage may include damage or removal of the phosphor body. The damage can be caused by an accident.

The above-described characteristics, features and advantages of this invention as well as the manner in which they are achieved will become clearer and more clearly understood

In connection with the following schematic description of exemplary embodiments that are associated with the

Drawings are explained in more detail. It can to

Clarity identical or equivalent elements must be provided with the same reference numerals.

Fig.l shows a sectional view in cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to a first embodiment;

Fig. 2 shows a total spot on a

Phosphor body of the lighting device;

3 shows a plot of a local

Luminance distribution of Fig.2;

4 shows a further application of a local

Luminance distribution;

Fig.5 shows yet another possible plot of a local luminance distribution;

Figure 6 shows a front view of a phosphor body with a possible path of the total light spot;

7 shows a front view of a phosphor body with a representation of temporally successive

Total spots and their temporal

Integration; 8 shows a sectional view in cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to a second embodiment; and

9 shows a sectional illustration in cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to a third exemplary embodiment.

Fig.l shows a sectional view in cross-sectional view of a lighting device 1 according to a first

Embodiment.

The illumination device 1 has a multi-die package 2 on which twenty (20) semiconductor primary light sources in the form of laser chips Dij with, for example, i = 1, m and j = 1,..., N in a matrix-like (mxn) Patterns are arranged with m = 5, n = 4. The laser chips, of which only the laser chips Di1 to Di4 of a column i are shown here,

emit associated individual primary light beams Pij in the form of laser beams, of which only the

associated four primary light beams Pil to Pi4 are shown. All of the primary light beams Pij are exemplified here by blue light and are also in relation to it

Radiation profile equal. The primary light beams Pij are emitted in parallel with each other.

The individual primary light beams Pij pass through a first optical system 3 which allows individual beam shaping of the individual primary light beams Pij, e.g. a beam collimation, for example for individual "parallel alignment" of all individual primary light beams Pij. The first optic 3 can also be referred to as "primary optic".

The first optics 3 is followed by a common for all primary light beams Pij second optics 4, which the

Primary light rays Pij spatially closer together and possibly also reduces the cross-sectional area and directs to a first mirror in the form of a micromirror 5. The second optic 4 may also be referred to as a "telescope optic" become. The primary light beams Pij can hit the micromirror 5 in parallel or at an angle to one another.

The micromirror 5 can, for example stepless or

be rotated stepwise about two axes of rotation, here e.g. could lie perpendicular to the sheet plane and in the sheet plane parallel to a mirror surface of the micromirror 5. He can with respect to each of the two axes of rotation several

occupy different angular positions. The deflection angle of the micromirror 5 may be e.g. in both directions up to +/- 12 °.

The micromirror 5 directs the now tight in one

Total light beam Pges together standing primary light beams Pij by a third optical system 6 to a rigid deflection mirror 7 to. In FIG. 1, for this purpose, selected total light beams Pges belonging to different angular positions of the micromirror 5 are shown by way of example, which can be generated in temporal succession during operation of the lighting device 1.

The deflection mirror 7 directs the individual primary light beams Pij or the total light beam Pges composed thereof through a fourth optical system 8 onto a phosphor body 9. A diameter of the fourth optical system 8 amounts to

Automotive applications preferably 70 mm or less.

The phosphor body 9 is here as a plane

Ceramic plate formed on its side facing away from the incoming primary light beams Pij, e.g. can rest on a reflective surface (not shown). The

Pad can also act as a heat sink.

The phosphor body 9 can therefore be illuminable simultaneously in an angular position of the micromirror 5 at most by all the primary light beams Pij. However, one or more, in particular also dependent on the angular position Primary light beams Pij be turned off or not

be emitted.

The blue primary light beams Pij may be illuminated by the phosphor (eg, a phosphor) in the phosphor body 9

Phosphor of cerium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG) which at least partially converts blue primary light into yellow secondary light) at least partially

wavelengths, in secondary light of at least one other wavelength, e.g. of yellow color. The phosphor body 9 radiates here from the same side on which the primary light beams Pij impinge, the

Useful light N ab, which is composed of a primary light component P and a secondary light component S mixed

("reflective arrangement"). The fourth optics 8 also serves as a coupling-out optics or as part of a

Auskoppeloptik for the Nutzlicht N, in particular for

Projection in a far field. The useful light N can be e.g. be a blue-yellow or white mixed light.

The deflection mirror 7 may belong to the third optics 6 and / or the fourth optics 8, or may not constitute a component of these optics 6, 8. In an alternative development, both mirrors 5 and 7 can be rotatable mirrors with different axes of rotation, in particular micromirrors. The mirror 5 may then only be rotatable about a first axis of rotation D1 and the mirror 7 may be rotatable only about a second axis of rotation D2.

In yet an alternative refinement, the mirror 7 of the micromirrors and the mirror 5 can be the rigid deflection mirror. This provides the advantage that the third optic 6 can also be omitted.

Due to the different angular positions of the

Micromirror 5 (or alternatively, the mirror 5 and / or 7, etc.) can all fall on the micromirror 5 Primary light beams Pij are moved together, which also results in a corresponding movement of the associated light spots Fij on the phosphor body 9. This corresponds to a changed distraction of one of the individual

Primary light beams Pij composite total light beam Pges and the total light spot Fges. This is one of the individual spots Fij the respective

Primary light rays Pij composite total spot Fges depending on the angular position of the micromirror 5 on the at least one phosphor body 9 locally

distinguishable. In other words, different total light spots Fges belonging to different angular positions of the micromirror 5 locally differ at the

Fluorescent body 9 and are arranged disjoint to each other on the phosphor body 9.

In addition, the primary light beams Pij can be switched on and off individually or in groups during operation of the lighting device 1.

2 shows a frontal view of the phosphor body 9 with all simultaneously producible individual light spots Fij. The individual spots Fij form a total spot Fges on the phosphor body 9 of the

Lighting device 1. The light spots Fij are generated by a respective primary light beam Pij.

The spots Fij are locally distinguishable on the phosphor body 9 and here e.g. practically not overlapping. The spots Fij form - as well as the

Primary light rays Pij immediately before impinging on the phosphor body 9 - a matrix-like (m x n) pattern with m = 5 columns and n = 4 lines. The spots Fij are practically uniform here.

The extent and / or the shape of the total luminous spot Fges is determined by an enveloping contour U, all

Single spots Fij surrounds at minimal length. she surrounds a closed area in which all the individual spots Fij lie. In the rectangular matrix-shaped arrangement of the individual spots Fij shown here, the associated enveloping contour has a rectangular basic shape, which may possibly have rounded corners. If all the light spots Fij are switched on, the associated total light spot Fges can also be referred to as the "maximum" total light spot Fges. 3 shows a plot of a local

Luminance distribution of a row j of the spots Fij with the columns i = 1 to 5 of Figure 2 and the resultant by superposition total luminous spot Fges. The spots Fij are arranged disjoint, since their

Luminous tips / or their geometric centers do not coincide.

The spots Fij are also local to each other

separated, since they only at a luminance L _v

overlap, which is less than e.g. 60% or as

1 / e ~ 36.8% of the maximum value of the luminance L _{v of} the respective light spots, namely here with areas which have less than 12.5% of the maximum luminance L _v . This also shows the resulting by overlay

Total Spot Fges clearly separated local brightness peaks that are the tips of each

Luminous spots Fij correspond. FIG. 4 shows a further plot of a further local luminance distribution of a row j of disjointed spots Fij with i = 1 to 5 and of the total luminous spot Fges resulting therefrom by superposing. The individual spots Fij overlap or overlap here in contrast to Figure 3 partially, if that

Criterion of 1 / e of the maximum luminance L _{v is} assumed as the value of an edge of the light spots Fij. in the Compared to Figure 3, the light spots Fij have the same luminance profile or the same shape of the

Luminance distribution at a different lateral distance from each other. This applies analogously to the individual primary light beams Pij at the location of the phosphor body 9.

As a result, the total luminous spot Fges resulting from superimposition still clearly shows one another

separate local brightness peaks corresponding to the tips of the individual spots Fij. However, those are

Brightness peaks of the total light spot Fges not highlighted as in Fig.3.

FIG. 5 shows yet another plot of a further possible local luminance distribution of a row j of disjointed spots Fij with i = 1 to 5 and of the total luminous spot Fges resulting therefrom by superposing.

The spots Fij overlap even more here than in Figure 4 (but not quite), so that the overall spot Fges no longer shows pronounced local luminance maxima. For this purpose, the light spots Fij have a wider luminance profile at the same distance from one another in comparison to FIG. Fig.5 differs from Fig.3 thus both by the distance and by the luminance profile of

Luminous spots Fij.

6 shows a front view of a phosphor body 9 with a possible, purely exemplary path of the total light spot Fges. The total light spot Fges is moved by the pivoting or rotation of the micromirror 5 in succession over the phosphor body 9 such that the phosphor body 9 can be illuminated line by line by the total light spot Fges. This can also be called a line scan

be designated. Several lines 1 = 1, s are illuminated or "scanned" among each other, and in each of the 1 lines k = 1, r total spots Fges

created side by side. Overall, a (rxs) - 2 B

Matrix pattern of total spots Fges. For this purpose, the micromirror 5 (or alternatively movable mirrors 5 and / or 7) has at least (r x s) possible angular positions. In this case, the micromirror 5 can be infinitely or practically infinitely variable, so that basically any other angular positions can be taken.

The total spots Fges at the positions k, 1 (which may also be referred to as Fges-kl in the following) are advantageously directly adjacent to one another but not overlapping or overlapping, but are spatially separated from one another. The amount of time required to scan the total spot Fges over all positions 1, r and 1, s is also referred to as the "build-up time", the associated frequency being called the "build-up frequency". The

For a sufficiently high temporal resolution of a light-emitting pattern, the image-building frequency is advantageously at least 50 Hz, particularly advantageously at least 75 Hz, particularly advantageously at least 100 Hz, very particularly advantageously at least 200 Hz.

The individual light spots Fij form a ([i * k] x [j * 1]) matrix pattern on the phosphor body 9. Since the individual light spots Fij can be switched on and off individually, the result is the possibility of a high-resolution matrix field from individual spots Fij and thus also a corresponding Lichtabstrahlmuster of the phosphor body. 9

provide. This is particularly advantageous for use with an adaptive or active headlight.

The lighting device 1 may, for example, a

Memory (not shown) or with a memory

in which a look-up table or "look-up" table is stored, which determines each angular position of the

Micro-mirror 5 with at least one on or off state of the single light spots Fij or the total light spot Fges linked. Thus, each single spot Fij a Einbzw. Off state can be assigned individually or in groups. The relationships between the angular positions and the respective on and off states may be different for different applications. So can the

Lighting device 1 serve as a vehicle headlamp, wherein in the look-up table, for example, different links for a low beam for

Right-hand traffic, for a left-hand dipped beam, for a dipped beam in accordance with US regulations, for a dipped beam to ECE standards, for a fog light, for a driving beam, etc.

can be stored.

It is also possible that the lighting device 1 is coupled to at least one sensor (for example a camera) and the individual light spots Fij and / or the total light spot Fges (or the corresponding primary light beams Pij or

Pges) depending on a measured value of the at least one sensor and can be switched off. For example, in a moving vehicle, when a pedestrian or an animal was detected by a front camera, those can

Luminous spots Fij are turned off, which illuminate in the associated Lichtabstrahlmuster this object. This reduces glare of the object. A situation-dependent adaptation of the on or off state of at least one

Primary beam Pij is generally possible. Another possibility of a situation-dependent adaptation may consist in a variation of the turn-on pattern of the individual light spots Fij as a function of a value of an outside light sensor.

7 shows a front view of a phosphor body 9 with a representation of positions in time

successive total spots Fges- (k + t) l (with t = 0, 9) and their temporal integration "Σ t". Here, the total spots Fges- (k + t) l are constructed purely by way of example as a 3x3 matrix of single spots Fij. A temporal sequence is indicated by the vertical axis t for ten time intervals t = 0, 9, the corresponding successive angular positions of the micromirror 4 and thus also correspond to the temporally successive positions of the total light spots Fges-kl.

As indicated by the horizontal axis, which is a

Position of the total spots Fges- (k + t) l in one

any, but then firmly selected line 1 on the

Indicates phosphor body 9, can be timed

successive total spots Fges- (k + t) l overlap at least in columns, i. in particular, that a total spot Fges- (k + t) l and an adjacent total spot

Spot Fges- (k + t + 1) 1 by one (single) column h of

Single spots Fij with i = const. Are offset from each other. The associated overlap area is therefore two

Columns of single light spots Fij wide. Each of the individual spots Fij of a total spot Fges- (k + t) l has an arbitrary, but then fixed luminance Lv = Lc.

In addition, for an exemplary selected area of the line 1 of the phosphor body 9, which is between the

dashed lines, a temporal integration or summation "Et" of the luminance Lv of the individual rt = 9

Luminous spots Fij recorded, eg according to J Lv (t) dt or according to with Lv = Lc or 0. The selected area is seven (single) columns h of single spots Fij wide, corresponding to the (single) columns h = 1 to h = 7, as explained in more detail below.

At the first period of time shown at a time t = 0 all single spots Fij of a total spot Fges-kl are switched on. As a result, at the individual column h = 1 of the selected region, the associated three individual light spots F3j are generated with j = 1, 3. Each of the single spots Fij has a luminance Lv = Lc. Consequently, a quantity of light Q = Qc is radiated from each of the individual spots Fij during the first period. At the remaining columns h = 2, 7 of the

selected areas, no spots Fij are generated, because the total light spot Fges-kl does not protrude so far into the selected area.

At a second time interval with t = 1, the micromirror 4 has been further rotated by an angular position, so that now a following total light spot Fges- (k + l) l is generated. Also, the total spot Fges- (k + l) l is generated by all possible nine individual spots Fij

are turned on. Within the selected area, spots Fij are thus produced at the individual columns h = 1 and h = 2. At the remaining columns h = 3, 7 of the

Selected area no spots Fij are generated.

For a third time interval with t = 2, the micromirror 4 has been further rotated by one more angular position, so that now a total light spot Fges- (k + 2) l is generated, which lies entirely within the selected range. The total spot Fges- (k + 2) l is also generated by turning on all possible nine individual spots Fij. Within the selected area, therefore

Luminous spots Fij at the individual columns h = 1 to h = 3

generated .

At a fourth time interval t = 3, the micromirror 4 has been further rotated by one more angular position, so that now an overall light spot Fges- (k + 3) l is generated, which is also entirely within the selected range. The total spot Fges- (k + 3) l is generated by turning on only the left and middle columns of the single spots Fij, but not the right column. Consequently, only the single spots Fij are generated with i = 1 and 2. Accordingly, in the selected region, spots Fij are generated only at the individual columns h = 2 and h = 3 (where Lv = Lc holds), but not at the column h = 4 (where Lv = 0).

At a fifth time interval with t = 4, the micromirror 4 has been further rotated by one more angular position, so that now a total spot Fges- (k + 4) l is generated, which is also entirely within the selected range. The total spot Fges- (k + 4) l is generated by turning on only the left and right columns of the single spots Fij, but not the right column. So only the single spots Fij are generated with i = 1 and 3. Accordingly, in the selected area, spots Fij are generated only at the individual columns h = 3 and h = 5, but not in the column h = 4.

At a sixth time interval with t = 5 is the

Micromirror 4 has been further rotated by one more angular position, so that now a total spot Fges- (k + 5) l is generated, which is also entirely within the selected

Area lies. The total spot Fges- (k + 5) l is generated by turning on only the middle and right columns of the single spots Fij, but not the right column. So only the single spots Fij are generated with i = 2 and 3. Accordingly, in the selected area, spots Fij are only applied to the

Single columns h = 5 and h = 6 generated, but not at the column h = 4.

For seventh to tenth time intervals with t = 6 to t = 9, the micromirror 4 is analogous to one more each

Angular position has been further rotated, the total light spot Fges- (k + t) l generated in each case by all the possible nine individual light spots Fij are turned on. If the columns h = 1 to h = 7 of the selected area are considered in an integral manner, the result is a luminous pattern designated "Σ t". If a single spot Fij for one of the time intervals t = 0, 7 a certain

Luminance Lv = Lc or emits a quantity of light Q = Qc radiated, with respect to the phosphor body 9 stationary area are generated at the individual light spots Fij, a quantity of light, which is characterized by an integration or summation of in the periods t = 0 to 7 There generated light quantity Q or there existing luminance Lv of the light spots Fij results. Since each of the columns h = 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 is illuminated for three consecutive periods of time t, a beam is emitted there

existing stationary area the amount of light 3 -Qc (and a column h so the total amount of light 9 -Qc). By contrast, no light is radiated from the column h = 4. Consequently, by the overlapping sequence of total luminous spots Fges-kl shown in FIG. 7, a particularly sharp resolution can be achieved with high luminous intensity Q, namely here

High luminance areas 3-Qc (corresponding to one

integrated luminance Lv = 3-Lc), which are separated by a narrow, dark gap with Q = 0 and Lv = 0 (corresponding to the narrow gap h = 4). This is made possible, in addition to the column-by-column overlap, by the ability to selectively turn on and off the single spots Fij.

If the ability to overlap in columns, but not for selective switching on and off, were given and if the total spots Fges-kl could only be switched on and off completely, the spots Fges-kl would have to be generated to produce a dark gap with Q = 0 the

Periods t = 3 to t = 5 are turned off completely, which would produce the light pattern "Et '" in the selected area. However, the luminous pattern "Et '" adjacent to the gap corresponding to the dark gap h = 4 (ie, at the columns h = 3 and h = 5) does not have the amount of light 3 -Q per stationary area, but only Q. Still farther out (ie, at the columns h = 2 and h = 6), a quantity of light 2 -Q per stationary area is emitted. Only at the columns h = 1 and h = 7 is a quantity of light 3 -Q emitted per stationary area. So in this case, a gap between columns with the highest amount of light is 3 -Q per

stationary area five column or gap widths, while in the lighting device according to the invention a distance of only one gap or only one gap width can be achieved and thus a significantly higher resolution. In principle, the total light spots Fges-kl can also be individually selected from single light spots Fij

be composed and thus produce an intensity level-like luminance pattern in column-wise overlapping, although the single luminous spots Fij are simply on and off

are switched off or can be activated and deactivated. Basically, the total spots Fges-kl in any order at any position with

Any scanning directions are generated on the phosphor body 9, possibly even several times at the same position within a screen setup time.

8 shows a sectional view in cross-sectional view of a lighting device 11 according to a second

Embodiment.

The illumination device 11 differs from the illumination device 1 in particular in that the, for example, white or whitish useful light N, that of the mixture of converted secondary light S and not

converted primary light P, is emitted at the side facing away from the incident primary light beams Pij side of the phosphor body 9. At this

"Transmittive" or "transmissive" arrangement is also the fourth optics 8 (which is indicated here by a lens) on the useful light N emitting side of the phosphor body 9. Also here on the

Deflection mirror 7 omitted, but in principle also in the lighting device 1 is possible.

9 shows a sectional view in cross-sectional view of a lighting device 21 according to a third

Embodiment. The lighting device 21 differs from the

Lighting device 11 characterized in that the third optics 6 is dispensed with. While in the lighting devices 1 and 11 by the third optics 6, inter alia, a Focusing the incident on the phosphor body 9 primary light beams Pij takes place, this takes over in the

Lighting device 21, the second optics 4. This now no longer needs to be "telescopic" executed.

The six shown in Fig.l, Fig.8 and Fig

Different total primary beams Pges can generate respective different total spots Fges-kl and therefore also be referred to as total primary beams Pges-kl.

Although the invention is shown in detail by the

Embodiments have been further illustrated and described, the invention is not limited thereto and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Thus, the primary light rays Pij also all meet obliquely on the phosphor body. This may be inclined so that the primary light beams Pij impinge on him at least approximately at a Brewster angle.

Also, a phosphor body may generally be illuminatable by a plurality of sets each of a plurality of semiconductor primary light sources and at least one movable mirror as described above. The illuminable surfaces of the phosphor body associated with different sets can

in particular be locally disjoint. Alternatively, a common surface of the phosphor body may be illuminated by the sets temporally and / or locally offset. In the spatially offset illumination, a phosphor body can by different sets in particular

different tracks or on the same track (eg in the opposite direction) are illuminated. In the case of only time-shifted illumination, a phosphor body can be illuminated in the same direction by different sets, in particular on the same track. In addition, a column-like scanning or any desired scanning can be used analogously to a line-like scanning or lighting sequence. Generally, "on", "an", etc. may be taken to mean a singular or a plurality, in particular in the sense of "at least one" or "one or more", etc., as long as this is not explicitly excluded, eg by the expression "exactly a "etc.

Also, a number may include exactly the specified number as well as a usual tolerance range, as long as this is not explicitly excluded.

Reference sign

1 lighting device

2 multi-die package

3 First optics

4 Second optics

5 micromirrors

6 Third optics

7 deflection mirror

8 Fourth optics

9 phosphor bodies

11 lighting device

21 Lighting device

Dij laser chip

Fges overall spot

Fges-kl overall spot at position

Fij single spot

N useful light

P primary light component

Pges overall light beam

Pij primary light beam

S secondary light component

Et light pattern

Et 'light pattern

U enveloping contour

Claims

claims

Lighting device (1; 11; 21) comprising

a plurality of semiconductor primary light sources (Dij) for

Emitting respective primary light beams (Pij), a beam deflecting device (5) which can be illuminated by means of the primary light beams and which can assume at least two beam deflection positions, and

- A luminous substance body (9), by means of the

Beam deflection (5) deflected

Primary light rays (Pij) can be illuminated,

in which

- Luminous spots (Fij) of the individual primary light beams (Pij) are spatially distinguishable on the at least one luminous substance body (9),

a total light spot (Fges) composed of the light spots (Fij) of the individual primary light beams (Pij) depending on the

Beam deflecting the Strahlumlenkeinrichtung (5) on the at least one luminous substance body (9) is locally distinguishable and

- at least one on the at least one

Leuchtoffoffkörper (9) falling primary light beam (Pij) during operation of the lighting device (1) is selectively switched on and off.

Lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to claim 1, wherein the beam deflection device (5) has at least one movable mirror (5) which can be illuminated by means of the primary light beams (Pij) and which can assume at least two angular positions as beam deflection positions.

3. The lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to claim 2, wherein the at least one movable mirror (5) comprises at least one micromirror. Lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein to

belonging to different beam deflection positions

Total spots (Fges) at least partially

overlap.

A lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to claim 4, wherein at least two spots (Fij) of individual primary light beams (Pij) belonging to different total spots (Fges) can be superimposed.

The lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to claim 5, wherein at least two rows of light spots (Fij) of individual primary light beams (Pij) facing each other

different total light spots (Fges) belong, can overlay.

Lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein total light spots (Fges) belonging to different beam deflection positions are spatially separated from one another.

Lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a turn-on pattern of the producible light spots (Fij) depends on the

Beam deflection position of the beam deflecting device (5).

A lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary light beams (Pij) are laser beams.

Lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one luminous substance body (9) can be illuminated in a web-like manner by means of an overall light beam (Pges) composed by the individual primary light beams (Pij).

11. Lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the total light spot (Fges) has a planar extent which does not exceed 20% of a corresponding extent of the luminous substance body (9), in particular 10%, in particular 5%. , in particular 2%, in particular 1%.

12. lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to one of

previous claims, wherein the

Lighting device (1; 11; 21) a

Projection device is.

The lighting device (1; 11; 21) according to claim 12, wherein the lighting device (1; 11; 21) includes

Vehicle headlight or an effect lighting device is.