EP3284097A1 - Quickly closing switch element - Google Patents

Quickly closing switch element

Info

Publication number
EP3284097A1
EP3284097A1 EP16726294.8A EP16726294A EP3284097A1 EP 3284097 A1 EP3284097 A1 EP 3284097A1 EP 16726294 A EP16726294 A EP 16726294A EP 3284097 A1 EP3284097 A1 EP 3284097A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switch
moving contact
moving
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16726294.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3284097B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Schmidt
Martin Böttcher
Karsten Freundt
Stefan Lecheler
Thomas ERLWEIN
Sarai GONZALEZ
Christian HEINRICHS
Dorothea POHLMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3284097A1 publication Critical patent/EP3284097A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3284097B1 publication Critical patent/EP3284097B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/32—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/68—Liquid-break switches, e.g. oil-break
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H2003/3089—Devices for manual releasing of locked charged spring motor; Devices for remote releasing

Definitions

  • a fast-closing switching element relates to a quick closing scarf Tele ⁇ element, in particular a quick-acting grounding scarf ⁇ ter, particularly for use in low voltage systems, medium-voltage equipment or high-voltage equipment.
  • a switch is known which uses a chemical gas generator to move the movable contact of the switch.
  • a disadvantage of the use of chemical gas reactors is the use of reactive propellants, which are subject to aging and thus require a corresponding periodic maintenance.
  • a disadvantage is in particular the costly dop ⁇ pelte execution of the vacuum chamber and the associated long switching paths that must cover the movable contact piece, and thus longer switching times.
  • Another disadvantage is that the connected in case of switching vacuum not simply disconnected again and the switch again can be used even if the chemical gas generator has been renewed.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved fast-switching switch, which switches both faster or at least switches quickly, and can be produced in Ver ⁇ equal to the prior art inexpensively, and is less expensive than switches from the prior art, as well as after a switching case is reusable.
  • An inventive switch for quickly establishing a ground connection and thus in particular for deleting an arc fault beitra ⁇ gender earthing switch for a switchgear, in particular a low-voltage system or a medium voltage installation or high-voltage installation, besides, has the following characteristics:
  • the bridge is Isolierstre ⁇ at least partially filled with Isolieirrikeit, in particular as insulating oil or Isolierester,
  • the locking mechanism comprises at least:
  • an actuating element such as a blocking cage or a half-wave
  • a locking device such as a ball or pawl
  • the blocking agent is connectable to the moving contact
  • the mechanical energy storage is connectable to the blocking agent
  • the blocking agent is durable by means of a locking device with the locking cage
  • Locking cage can be released by means of a triggering device
  • the contact guide serves both to guide the movement of the moving contact and to make contact with the moving contact
  • the insulating liquid can be displaced from the moving contact when closing the earthing switch ⁇ ters.
  • the insulating section can be completely filled with insulating liquid 30, wherein the insulating liquid 30 is displaced upon closure of the switch, ie in the event of a switch, into a displacement volume not shown, preferably displaced into a displacement volume arising behind the moving moving contact.
  • the displacement volume in the open switch state can be closed by a separating device, in particular with a flap or a valve or a bidirectional valve as the separating device. Only when the switch is triggered, ie when the tripping device is triggered, is the disconnecting device then opened and / or unlocked.
  • An advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the driving force is available from the moment of triggering and is accelerated by the moving contact 17 immediately with maximum force be ⁇ .
  • Another advantage is that the life of a mechanical watch the energy accumulator, in particular a spring assembly, hö is ⁇ ago, when a gas generator, in particular higher than that of a chemical gas generator.
  • Another advantage is that special regulations regarding the storage and handling of explosives are not necessary neither in production nor in use.
  • Switch can be checked, as a loading and unloading of the mechanical energy storage, in particular the tensioning and relaxing of the spring assembly, is possible and by Mes ⁇ sung, for example, the clamping torque and a function of the drive is given in principle. This enables a simp ⁇ che quality control in production and, if necessary. In or on the installed system.
  • a test of the electrical trip circuit, in particular solenoid coil 19 or strap 20 is possible at any time safely.
  • the insulating liquid after a switching case and reopening of the
  • Switch and / or clamping of the mechanical energy storage so more generally the introduction of mechanical energy in the mechanical memory, again transported from the displacement volume in the insulating section and optionally the insulating section again separated from the displacement volume, for example by a flap, and optionally the separation device between the insulating section and displacement volume locked again.
  • the locking agent 13, 16 consists of a pull rod 16 and a clamping nut 13, the Sperrvor ⁇ direction 14 is formed by locking balls 14, the mechanical energy storage 4 is realized by a spring package 4, and the triggering device 19 is formed by a release magnet ,
  • the clamping nut 13 can be the mechanical energy storage 4 initially or after a switching event energy to ⁇ again, in particular a spring assembly 4 are stretched again.
  • the moving contact 17 can be moved from the closed switch position to the opened switch position.
  • the spring assembly 4 in the relaxed state, with the aid of the clamping nut 13 is tensioned, and that the locking cage 15 with one or more screws to the pull rod 16 against tripping is securable.
  • the blocking agent 27 is formed by a control pin 27
  • the locking device 14 is formed by a blocking cage 15 and locking balls 14
  • the triggering device 19a, 19b of holding electrodes 19a, 19b and a clamping band 20 is formed, and the mechanical Ener ⁇ gie acknowledged 24 for triggering by a control spring 24 is realized.
  • the triggering of the switch takes place by a destruction of the clamping band 20 by an electric control pulse the
  • Blowing strap 20 burns.
  • the electrical control pulse is generated between the holding ⁇ electrodes 19 a, 19 b.
  • the strap 20 is made of carbon fibers, as these can be a high tensile stress tra ⁇ gen, engineered thin.
  • the carbon fiber has a comparatively high specific resistance and a low mass, so that little energy is required for burning through.
  • the actuator is formed by a Halbwel ⁇ le and the locking device is a pawl.
  • the contact guide 5 is designed such that the moving contact only in a final ⁇ phase of a closing operation of the earthing switch 1, so shortly before the moving contact 17 hits the fixed contact 8, a large-scale mechanical contact between moving contact 17 and fixed contact 8 is formed , which leads to a deceleration of the movement of the moving contact 17 and an electrical contact between contact guide 5 and moving contacts 17 be ⁇ acts.
  • the contact guide 5 and / or the moving contact 17 and / or the fixed contact 8 has a brake layer 9 in at least one region in which the moving contact 17 can be brought into contact with the contact guide 5 and / or the fixed contact 8, wherein the braking layer 9 consists of elekt ⁇ driven conductive material and is designed so that the speed of the moving contact 17 is reduced by the Auftref ⁇ fen on the brake lining.
  • the fixed contact 8 in the contact region with the moving contact has a brake layer 9, so that the alsschla ⁇ ing at high speed on the fixed contact 8 ing contact piece 17 is additionally braked by deformation of the electrically conductive brake layer 9.
  • the braking layer 9 by up ⁇ foamed metal or a suitable structured surface is plastically deformable.
  • the brake layer 9 at least partially melts due to the impact of the Be ⁇ wegternes 17 on the brake layer 9, and / or by the impact of the fixed contact 8 on the brake layer, and / or by the impact of the contact guide 5 and so the fixed contact 8 and / or the moving contact 17th
  • holes or channels are present in the moving contact and / or fixed contact, which allow the insulating liquid can escape from the closing gap between moving contact and fixed contact, even if the edges of moving contact and fixed contact already touch.
  • moving contact and fixed contact are formed as interlocking or partially interlocking cone ⁇ surfaces.
  • FIG. 1 cross-sectional view of a switch according to the invention, or earthing switch with magnetic tripping.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view through a switch according to the invention or earthing switch with thermal tripping only the triggering mechanism is shown.
  • a fast grounding switch 1 wherein the trigger mechanism constitutes a magnetic trip containing ⁇ .
  • the triggering device 19 a Auslbüchermag ⁇ net 19 is used as the triggering device 19 .
  • the control pin (27) of the trigger magnet 19 acts on the locking cage 15 a.
  • the pull rod 16 is held by locking balls 14 in the locking cage 15. At its other end, the pull rod 16 is connected to the spring assembly 4 and the moving contact 17. Between the fixed contact 8 and the moving contact 17 in the open switching state an insulating track is present. This insulating gap is filled with an iso ⁇ lier meshkeit, in particular insulating or Isolierester 30th
  • FIG. 1 Also shown in FIG. 1 is an advantageous embodiment of the fixed contact 8 in which the fixed contact 8 has a braking layer 9 on its contact surface.
  • the special earthing switch 1 has an insulating housing 7 and an outer housing 25, which may also be designed in one piece.
  • the moving contact 17 is guided on at least part of the switching ⁇ distance by a contact guide 5.
  • This contact ⁇ guide 5 also serves to make electrical contact with the Be weguttones 17 in the closed position switch.
  • Contact guide 5 is electrically connected via a current bridge 23 with the ground ⁇ contact 22.
  • the ground contact 22 is also referred to as the second supply line 22.
  • the fixed contact 8 can be contacted via a first feed line 8 ⁇ .
  • a clamping nut 13 is pre ⁇ see. 2 shows a partial section of invention shown SEN earthing switch, wherein a thermal tripping is implemented here as an alternative solution.
  • the thermal release for the control spring 24 is by a clamping band 20 which is attached to the support electrodes 19a, 19b or is stretched over these holding electrodes 19a, 19b so that the STEU ⁇ erfeder 24 is held in the cocked position.
  • the control spring 24 is actuated in the case of triggering the control pin 27 which moves the locking cage 15 such that the moving contact is triggered and is accelerated by the control spring 24 in the direction of the fixed contact.
  • the tensioning band 20 can be thermally destroyed by an electrical pulse generated between the holding electrodes 19a, 19b and a switching triggered.
  • the screws 35 serve to fix the drawbar during maintenance or during the tensioning of the control spring 24th
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative triggering mechanism. Since ⁇ serves as an electromagnet triggering device 19 which can act with a control pin 27 on the movable, in particular rotatable, mounting a half-wave 15 ⁇ such that the pawl 14 ⁇ is released. That over the

Abstract

The invention relates to a switch, in particular a grounding switch (1), for quickly establishing a ground connection and for extinguishing an arc fault for a switching system, wherein the grounding switch (1) has at least one fixed contact (8) having a first cable feed (8'), a moving contact (17), a contact guide (5) having a second cable feed (22, 23), a mechanical energy store (4, 24), in the opened state, an insulating distance between the fixed contact (8) and the moving contact (17), wherein the insulating distance is filled with insulation liquid (30), at least in part, a triggering device (19, 19a, 19b) and a locking mechanism.

Description

Beschreibung description
Schnell schließendes Schaltelement Die Erfindung betrifft ein schnell schließendes Schaltele¬ ment, insbesondere einen schnell schließenden Erdungsschal¬ ter, insbesondere zur Verwendung in Niederspannungsanlagen, Mittelspannungsanlagen oder Hochspannungsanlagen. Aus der US 2010219162 AI ist ein Schalter bekannt, der einen chemischen Gasgenerator einsetzt, um den beweglichen Kontakt des Schalters zu bewegen. A fast-closing switching element The invention relates to a quick closing scarf Tele ¬ element, in particular a quick-acting grounding scarf ¬ ter, particularly for use in low voltage systems, medium-voltage equipment or high-voltage equipment. From US 2010219162 Al a switch is known which uses a chemical gas generator to move the movable contact of the switch.
Ein Nachteil beim Einsatz chemischer Gasreaktoren besteht in der Verwendung von reaktiven Treibsätzen, die einer Alterung unterliegen und somit eine entsprechende regelmäßige Wartung erfordern . A disadvantage of the use of chemical gas reactors is the use of reactive propellants, which are subject to aging and thus require a corresponding periodic maintenance.
Ein weiterer Nachteil der chemischen Gasreaktoren besteht da- rin, dass die Antriebskraft erst durch die Reaktion der che¬ mischen Stoffe, also der reaktiven Treibsätze, aufgebaut wer¬ den muss bevor der bewegliche Kontakt beschleunigt werden kann . Um eine statistische ungewollte Durchschlagsentladung und so einen ungewollten Kurzschluss zu vermeiden, offenbaren die US 2010219162 AI und die WO 10022938 AI die Verwendung von zwei getrennten Vakua, die im Schaltfall beide durch den bewegli¬ chen Kontakt zu überbrücken sind. Another disadvantage of chemical gas reactors is DA rin that the driving force only by the reaction of che ¬ mix materials, ie the reactive blowing sets up, ¬ the need before the movable contact can be accelerated. In order to avoid a statistical unwanted breakdown discharge and thus an unwanted short circuit, US 2010219162 AI and WO 10022938 AI disclose the use of two separate vacuums, which are both to bridge in the switching case by the bewegli ¬ chen contact.
Nachteilig ist dabei insbesondere die kostenaufwendige dop¬ pelte Ausführung der Vakuumkammer und die damit verbundenen langen Schaltwege, die das bewegliche Schaltstück zurücklegen muss, und damit auch längere Schaltzeiten . A disadvantage is in particular the costly dop ¬ pelte execution of the vacuum chamber and the associated long switching paths that must cover the movable contact piece, and thus longer switching times.
Außerdem nachteilig ist, dass die im Schaltfall verbundenen Vakua nicht einfach wieder getrennt und der Schalter erneut genutzt werden kann, selbst wenn der chemische Gasgenerator erneuert worden ist. Another disadvantage is that the connected in case of switching vacuum not simply disconnected again and the switch again can be used even if the chemical gas generator has been renewed.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, einen verbesserten schnell schaltenden Schalter bereitzustellen, der sowohl schneller schaltet oder zumindest schnell schaltet, als auch im Ver¬ gleich zum Stand der Technik kostengünstig produziert werden kann, als auch wartungsärmer ist als Schalter aus dem Stand der Technik, als auch nach einem Schaltfall wiederverwendbar ist. The object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved fast-switching switch, which switches both faster or at least switches quickly, and can be produced in Ver ¬ equal to the prior art inexpensively, and is less expensive than switches from the prior art, as well as after a switching case is reusable.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des un¬ abhängigen Patentanpruchs 1 und die von diesen abhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. This object is achieved by the features of the un ¬ dependent patent claim 1 and dependent on these claims.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer Schalter, insbesondere ein Erdungsschalter, zum schnellen Herstellen einer Erdverbindung und damit insbesondere zum Löschen eines Störlichtbogens beitra¬ gender Erdungsschalter für eine Schaltanlage, insbesondere eine Niederspannungsanlage oder eine Mittelspannungsanlage oder eine Hochspannungsanlage, weist dabei die folgenden Merkmale auf: An inventive switch, particularly an earthing switch, for quickly establishing a ground connection and thus in particular for deleting an arc fault beitra ¬ gender earthing switch for a switchgear, in particular a low-voltage system or a medium voltage installation or high-voltage installation, besides, has the following characteristics:
- einen Festkontakt mit einer ersten Leitungszuführung, a fixed contact with a first line feed,
- einen Bewegkontakt, - a moving contact,
- eine Kontaktführung mit einer zweiten Leitungszuführung, a contact guide with a second line feed,
- einen mechanischen Energiespeicher, a mechanical energy store,
- im geöffneten Zustand eine Isolierstrecke zwischen dem Festkontakt und dem Bewegkontakt, wobei die Isolierstre¬ cke zumindest teilweise mit Isolieflüssigkeit , wie ins- besondere Isolieröl oder Isolierester, gefüllt ist,- in the open state an insulation distance between the fixed contact and the moving contact, wherein the bridge is Isolierstre ¬ at least partially filled with Isolieflüssigkeit, in particular as insulating oil or Isolierester,
- eine Auslösevorrichtung, und a triggering device, and
- einen Sperrmechanismus.  - a locking mechanism.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführung weist der Sperrmechanismus mindestens auf: In a preferred embodiment, the locking mechanism comprises at least:
o ein Stellelement, wie einen Sperrkäfig oder eine Halbwelle, o einer Sperrvorrichtung, wie eine Kugel oder Klinke, und o an actuating element, such as a blocking cage or a half-wave, o a locking device, such as a ball or pawl, and
o einem Sperrvermittler oder Übertragungselement. Weiter wird bevorzugt, dass  o a blocking agent or transmission element. It is further preferred that
- der Sperrvermittler mit dem Bewegkontakt verbindbar ist, - the blocking agent is connectable to the moving contact,
- der mechanische Energiespeicher mit dem Sperrvermittler verbindbar ist, - The mechanical energy storage is connectable to the blocking agent,
- der Sperrvermittler mittels einer Sperrvorrichtung mit dem Sperrkäfig haltbar ist,  - The blocking agent is durable by means of a locking device with the locking cage,
- der Sperrvermittler von der Sperrvorrichtung aus dem  - The blocking agent of the locking device from the
Sperrkäfig mittels einer Auslösevorrichtung entlassbar ist,  Locking cage can be released by means of a triggering device,
- der Bewegkontakt von dem mechanischen Energiespeicher mittels des Sperrvermittlers, oder über den Sperrver¬ mittler, derartig beschleunigbar ist, dass der Bewegkontakt mit dem Festkontakt kontaktierbar ist, - The moving contact of the mechanical energy storage means of the blocking agent, or on the Sperrver ¬ mid, is accelerated so that the moving contact with the fixed contact can be contacted,
- die Kontaktführung sowohl der Führung der Bewegung des Bewegkontaktes dient als auch der Kontaktierung des Be- wegkontaktes dient, und  the contact guide serves both to guide the movement of the moving contact and to make contact with the moving contact, and
- die Isolierflüssigkeit beim Schließen des Erdungsschal¬ ters vom Bewegkontakt verdrängbar ist. - The insulating liquid can be displaced from the moving contact when closing the earthing switch ¬ ters.
Insbesondere kann die Isolierstrecke vollständig mit Isolier- flüssigkeit 30 gefüllt sein, wobei die Isolierflüssigkeit 30 beim Schließen des Schalters, also im Schaltfall, in ein nicht gezeigtes Verdrängungsvolumen verdrängt wird, bevorzugt in ein hinter dem bewegten Bewegkontakt entstehendes Verdrängungsvolumen verdrängt wird. Bevorzugter Weise kann das Ver- drängungsvolumen im offenen Schalterzustand durch eine Trennungseinrichtung verschlossen sein, insbesondere mit einer Klappe oder einem Ventil oder einem bidirektionalen Ventil als Trennungseinrichtung. Erst mit Schalterauslösung, also Auslösung der Auslösevorrichtung wird dann die Trennungsein- richtung geöffnet und/oder entriegelt. In particular, the insulating section can be completely filled with insulating liquid 30, wherein the insulating liquid 30 is displaced upon closure of the switch, ie in the event of a switch, into a displacement volume not shown, preferably displaced into a displacement volume arising behind the moving moving contact. Preferably, the displacement volume in the open switch state can be closed by a separating device, in particular with a flap or a valve or a bidirectional valve as the separating device. Only when the switch is triggered, ie when the tripping device is triggered, is the disconnecting device then opened and / or unlocked.
Vorteilhaft bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist, dass die Antriebskraft vom Moment der Auslösung bereit steht und da- durch der Bewegkontakt 17 sofort mit maximaler Kraft be¬ schleunigt wird. An advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the driving force is available from the moment of triggering and is accelerated by the moving contact 17 immediately with maximum force be ¬ .
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass die Lebensdauer eines mechani- sehen Energiespeichers, insbesondere eines Federpaketes, hö¬ her ist, als die eines Gasgenerators, insbesondere höher ist als die eines chemischen Gasgenerators. Another advantage is that the life of a mechanical watch the energy accumulator, in particular a spring assembly, hö is ¬ ago, when a gas generator, in particular higher than that of a chemical gas generator.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass weder in der Fertigung noch im Einsatz spezielle Vorschriften bezüglich der Lagerung und der Handhabung von Explosivstoffen notwendig werden. Another advantage is that special regulations regarding the storage and handling of explosives are not necessary neither in production nor in use.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass die gesamte Funktion des Another advantage is that the whole function of the
Schalters überprüft werden kann, da ein Laden und Entladen des mechanischen Energiespeichers, insbesondere das Spannen und Entspannen des Federpaketes, möglich ist und durch Mes¬ sung zum Beispiel des Spannmomentes auch eine Funktion des Antriebes prinzipiell gegeben ist. Das ermöglicht eine einfa¬ che Qualitätskontrolle in der Fertigung und ggfs. auch in oder an der montierten Anlage. Switch can be checked, as a loading and unloading of the mechanical energy storage, in particular the tensioning and relaxing of the spring assembly, is possible and by Mes ¬ sung, for example, the clamping torque and a function of the drive is given in principle. This enables a simp ¬ che quality control in production and, if necessary. In or on the installed system.
Eine Prüfung des elektrischen Auslösekreises, insbesondere Magnetspule 19 oder Spannband 20 ist jederzeit gefahrlos möglich . A test of the electrical trip circuit, in particular solenoid coil 19 or strap 20 is possible at any time safely.
Weiter vorteilhaft ist, dass es in Isolierflüssigkeiten, insbesondere Isolierölen oder Isolierestern, im Gegensatz zum Vakuum, keine Restwahrscheinlichkeit von statistischen unge¬ wollten Durchschlagsentladungen gibt. It is also advantageous that in insulating liquids, in particular insulating oils or insulating esters, in contrast to the vacuum, there is no residual probability of random unwanted dielectric discharges .
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Isolierflüssigkeit nach einem Schaltfall und beim erneuten Öffnen des In a preferred embodiment, the insulating liquid after a switching case and reopening of the
Schalters und/oder Spannen des mechanischen Energiespeichers, also allgemeiner dem Einbringen von mechanischer Energie in den mechanischen Speicher, wieder aus dem Verdrängungsvolumen in die Isolierstrecke transportiert und gegebenenfalls die Isolierstrecke wieder vom Verdrängungsvolumen getrennt, zum Beispiel durch eine Klappe, und gegebenenfalls die Trennungs- einrichtung zwischen Isolierstrecke und Verdrängungsvolumen wieder verriegelt. Switch and / or clamping of the mechanical energy storage, so more generally the introduction of mechanical energy in the mechanical memory, again transported from the displacement volume in the insulating section and optionally the insulating section again separated from the displacement volume, for example by a flap, and optionally the separation device between the insulating section and displacement volume locked again.
Bevorzugt wird, dass der Sperrvermittler 13, 16 aus einer Zugstange 16 und einer Spannmutter 13 besteht, die Sperrvor¬ richtung 14 von Sperrkugeln 14 gebildet wird, der mechanische Energiespeicher 4 durch ein Federpacket 4 realisiert wird, und die Auslösevorrichtung 19 durch einen Auslösemagneten gebildet wird. It is preferred that the locking agent 13, 16 consists of a pull rod 16 and a clamping nut 13, the Sperrvor ¬ direction 14 is formed by locking balls 14, the mechanical energy storage 4 is realized by a spring package 4, and the triggering device 19 is formed by a release magnet ,
Mittels der Spannmutter 13 kann dem mechanischen Energiespeicher 4 initial oder nach einem Schaltfall wieder Energie zu¬ geführt werden, insbesondere ein Federpaket 4 wieder gespannt werden. Dabei kann auch der Bewegkontakt 17 aus der geschlos- senen Schalterposition in die geöffnete Schalterposition bewegt werden. By means of the clamping nut 13 can be the mechanical energy storage 4 initially or after a switching event energy to ¬ again, in particular a spring assembly 4 are stretched again. In this case, also the moving contact 17 can be moved from the closed switch position to the opened switch position.
Gegebenenfalls wird beim betätigen der Spannmutter 13 auch die Isolierflüssigkeit 30 von dem Verdrängungsvolumen in die Isolierstrecke transportiert. Optionally, when operating the clamping nut 13 and the insulating liquid 30 is transported by the displacement volume in the insulating section.
Weiter wird bevorzugt, dass das Federpaket 4 im entspannten Zustand, mit Hilfe der Spannmutter 13 spannbar ist, und dass der Sperrkäfig 15 mit einer oder mehr Schrauben zur Zugstange 16 gegen Auslösung sicherbar ist. It is further preferred that the spring assembly 4 in the relaxed state, with the aid of the clamping nut 13 is tensioned, and that the locking cage 15 with one or more screws to the pull rod 16 against tripping is securable.
Auch wird bevorzugt, dass der Sperrvermittler 27 von einem Steuerbolzen 27 gebildet wird, die Sperrvorrichtung 14, von einem Sperrkäfig 15 und von Sperrkugeln 14 gebildet wird, die Auslösevorrichtung 19a, 19b von Halteelektroden 19a, 19b und einem Spannband 20 gebildet wird, und der mechanische Ener¬ giespeicher 24 zum Auslösen durch eine Steuerfeder 24 realisiert wird. It is also preferred that the blocking agent 27 is formed by a control pin 27, the locking device 14 is formed by a blocking cage 15 and locking balls 14, the triggering device 19a, 19b of holding electrodes 19a, 19b and a clamping band 20 is formed, and the mechanical Ener ¬ giespeicher 24 for triggering by a control spring 24 is realized.
Die Auslösung des Schalters erfolgt durch eine Zerstörung des Spannbandes 20, indem ein elektrischer Steuerimpuls das The triggering of the switch takes place by a destruction of the clamping band 20 by an electric control pulse the
Spannband 20 durchbrennt. Der elektrische Steuerimpuls wird dabei zwischen den Halte¬ elektroden 19a, 19b erzeugt. Blowing strap 20 burns. The electrical control pulse is generated between the holding ¬ electrodes 19 a, 19 b.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführung wird das Spannband 20 aus Carbonfasern hergestellt, da diese eine hohe Zugspannung tra¬ gen und entsprechend dünn ausgelegt werden können. Zusätzlich hat die Carbonfaser einen vergleichsweise hohen spezifischen Widerstand und eine geringe Masse, so dass wenig Energie zum Durchbrennen erforderlich ist. In a preferred embodiment, the strap 20 is made of carbon fibers, as these can be a high tensile stress tra ¬ gen, engineered thin. In addition, the carbon fiber has a comparatively high specific resistance and a low mass, so that little energy is required for burning through.
Auch wird bevorzugt, dass das Stellelement von einer Halbwel¬ le gebildet wird und die Sperrvorrichtung eine Klinke ist. It is also preferred that the actuator is formed by a Halbwel ¬ le and the locking device is a pawl.
Ebenfalls bevorzugt wird, dass die Kontaktführung 5 derart gestaltet ist, dass der Bewegkontakt erst in einer Schluss¬ phase eines Schließvorganges des Erdungsschalters 1, also kurz bevor der Bewegkontakt 17 auf den Festkontakt 8 trifft, ein großflächiger mechanischer Kontakt zwischen Bewegkontakt 17 und Festkontakt 8 entsteht, der zu einer Abbremsung der Bewegung des Bewegkontaktes 17 führt und einen elektrischen Kontakt zwischen Kontaktführung 5 und Bewegkontakte 17 be¬ wirkt . It is also preferred that the contact guide 5 is designed such that the moving contact only in a final ¬ phase of a closing operation of the earthing switch 1, so shortly before the moving contact 17 hits the fixed contact 8, a large-scale mechanical contact between moving contact 17 and fixed contact 8 is formed , which leads to a deceleration of the movement of the moving contact 17 and an electrical contact between contact guide 5 and moving contacts 17 be ¬ acts.
Bevorzugt wird auch, dass die Kontaktführung 5 und/oder der Bewegkontakt 17 und/oder der Festkontakt 8 eine Bremsschicht 9 in mindestens einem Bereich aufweist, in der der Bewegkontakt 17 mit der Kontaktführung 5 und/oder dem Festkontakt 8 in Kontakt bringbar ist, wobei die Bremsschicht 9 aus elekt¬ risch leitendem Material besteht und so ausgelegt ist, dass die Geschwindigkeit des Bewegkontaktes 17 durch das Auftref¬ fen auf die Bremsschicht 9 verringert wird. It is also preferred that the contact guide 5 and / or the moving contact 17 and / or the fixed contact 8 has a brake layer 9 in at least one region in which the moving contact 17 can be brought into contact with the contact guide 5 and / or the fixed contact 8, wherein the braking layer 9 consists of elekt ¬ driven conductive material and is designed so that the speed of the moving contact 17 is reduced by the Auftref ¬ fen on the brake lining. 9
Auch wird bevorzugt, dass der Festkontakt 8 im Kontaktbereich mit dem Bewegkontakt eine Bremsschicht 9 aufweist, so dass das mit hoher Geschwindigkeit auf den Festkontakt 8 aufschla¬ gende bewegliche Kontaktstück 17 durch Verformung der elektrisch leitenden Bremsschicht 9 zusätzlich abgebremst wird. Weiter bevorzugt wird, dass die Bremsschicht 9 durch aufge¬ schäumtes Metall oder eine geeignet strukturierte Oberfläche plastisch verformbar ist. Ebenfalls bevorzugt wird, dass durch das Auftreffen des Be¬ wegkontaktes 17 auf die Bremsschicht 9, und/oder durch das Auftreffen des Festkontaktes 8 auf die Bremsschicht, und/oder durch das Auftreffen der Kontaktführung 5 auf die Bremsschicht, die Bremsschicht 9 zumindest teilweise aufschmilzt und so den Festkontakt 8 und/oder den Bewegkontakt 17 It is also preferred that the fixed contact 8 in the contact region with the moving contact has a brake layer 9, so that the aufschla ¬ ing at high speed on the fixed contact 8 ing contact piece 17 is additionally braked by deformation of the electrically conductive brake layer 9. , Is more preferable that the braking layer 9 by up ¬ foamed metal or a suitable structured surface is plastically deformable. It is also preferred that the brake layer 9 at least partially melts due to the impact of the Be ¬ wegkontaktes 17 on the brake layer 9, and / or by the impact of the fixed contact 8 on the brake layer, and / or by the impact of the contact guide 5 and so the fixed contact 8 and / or the moving contact 17th
und/oder die Kontaktführung 5 mit dem Festkontakt 8 und/oder dem Bewegkontakt 17 und/oder der Kontaktführung 5 verlötet oder verlötbar ist. and / or the contact guide 5 with the fixed contact 8 and / or the moving contact 17 and / or the contact guide 5 is soldered or soldered.
Bevorzugt wird auch, dass der Hauptstrom im geschlossenen Schaltzustand vom Festkontakt (8) über die Bremsschicht (9), den Bewegkontakt (17), die Kontaktführung (5), zu einer zweiten Leitungszuführung (22, 23), bestehend aus einer Strombrücken (23) und einem feststehenden Massekontakt (22), fließt. It is also preferred that the main current in the closed switching state from the fixed contact (8) via the brake layer (9), the moving contact (17), the contact guide (5), to a second line feed (22, 23), consisting of a current bridges (23 ) and a fixed ground contact (22) flows.
Auch wird bevorzugt, dass Bohrungen oder Kanäle im Bewegkontakt und/oder Festkontakt vorhanden sind, die es erlauben, das Isolierflüssigkeit aus dem sich schließenden Zwischenraum zwischen Bewegkontakt und Festkontakt austreten kann, auch wenn sich die Ränder von Bewegkontakt und Festkontakt bereits berühren. Insbesondere wenn Bewegkontakt und Festkontakt als ineinandergreifende oder teilweise ineinandergreifende Kegel¬ flächen ausgebildet sind. Im Folgenden wird der Erfindungsgegenstand anhand von Ausfüh¬ rungsbeispielen und Figuren erläutert It is also preferred that holes or channels are present in the moving contact and / or fixed contact, which allow the insulating liquid can escape from the closing gap between moving contact and fixed contact, even if the edges of moving contact and fixed contact already touch. In particular, when moving contact and fixed contact are formed as interlocking or partially interlocking cone ¬ surfaces. In the following, the subject invention will be explained with reference to Ausfüh ¬ tion examples and figures
Figur 1 Schnittbild durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Schalters, bzw. Erdungsschalter mit magnetischer Auslö- sung. Figure 1 cross-sectional view of a switch according to the invention, or earthing switch with magnetic tripping.
Figur 2 Schnittbild durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Schalters, bzw. Erdungsschalter mit thermischer Auslö- sung, wobei nur der Auslösungsmechanismus gezeigt ist . FIG. 2 shows a sectional view through a switch according to the invention or earthing switch with thermal tripping only the triggering mechanism is shown.
Figur 3 Alternativer Auslösungsmechanismus Figure 3 Alternative triggering mechanism
In Figur 1 ist ein schneller Erdungsschalter 1 dargestellt, wobei der Auslösemechanismus eine magnetische Auslösung bein¬ haltet. Dabei wird als Auslösevorrichtung 19 ein Auslösemag¬ net 19 verwendet. Der Steuerbolzen (27) des Auslösemagneten 19 wirkt auf den Sperrkäfig 15 ein. Die Zugstange 16 wird durch Sperrkugeln 14 im Sperrkäfig 15 gehalten. An ihrem anderen Ende ist die Zugstange 16 mit dem Federpaket 4 und dem Bewegkontakt 17 verbunden. Zwischen dem Festkontakt 8 und dem Bewegkontakt 17 ist im geöffneten Schaltzustand eine Isolier- strecke vorhanden. Diese Isolierstrecke ist mit einer Iso¬ lierflüssigkeit, insbesondere Isolieröl oder Isolierester 30 gefüllt . In Figure 1, a fast grounding switch 1 is shown, wherein the trigger mechanism constitutes a magnetic trip containing ¬. In this case, as the triggering device 19 a Auslösemag ¬ net 19 is used. The control pin (27) of the trigger magnet 19 acts on the locking cage 15 a. The pull rod 16 is held by locking balls 14 in the locking cage 15. At its other end, the pull rod 16 is connected to the spring assembly 4 and the moving contact 17. Between the fixed contact 8 and the moving contact 17 in the open switching state an insulating track is present. This insulating gap is filled with an iso ¬ lierflüssigkeit, in particular insulating or Isolierester 30th
Auch ist in der Figur 1 eine vorteilhafte Ausführung des Festkontaktes 8 gezeigt, in der der Festkontakt 8 an seiner Kontaktfläche eine Bremsschicht 9 aufweist. Also shown in FIG. 1 is an advantageous embodiment of the fixed contact 8 in which the fixed contact 8 has a braking layer 9 on its contact surface.
Desweiteren weist der spezielle Erdungsschalter 1 ein Isoliergehäuse 7 und ein äußeres Gehäuse 25 auf, die auch ein- teilig ausgeführt sein können. Furthermore, the special earthing switch 1 has an insulating housing 7 and an outer housing 25, which may also be designed in one piece.
Der Bewegkontakt 17 wird auf zumindest einem Teil der Schalt¬ strecke durch eine Kontaktführung 5 geführt. Diese Kontakt¬ führung 5 dient auch der elektrischen Kontaktierung des Be- wegkontaktes 17 in der geschlossenen Schalterstellung. DieThe moving contact 17 is guided on at least part of the switching ¬ distance by a contact guide 5. This contact ¬ guide 5 also serves to make electrical contact with the Be wegkontaktes 17 in the closed position switch. The
Kontaktführung 5 wird über eine Strombrücke 23 mit dem Masse¬ kontakt 22 elektrisch verbunden. Der Massekontakt 22 wird auch als zweite Zuleitung 22 bezeichnet. Der Festkontakt 8 kann über eine erste Zuleitung 8λ kontaktiert werden. Contact guide 5 is electrically connected via a current bridge 23 with the ground ¬ contact 22. The ground contact 22 is also referred to as the second supply line 22. The fixed contact 8 can be contacted via a first feed line 8 λ .
Zum Spannen des Federpaketes 4 ist eine Spannmutter 13 vorge¬ sehen . Die Figur 2 zeigt einen Teilausschnitt eines erfindungsgemä¬ ßen Erdungsschalters, wobei hier als Alternativlösung eine thermische Auslösung realisiert ist. Die thermische Auslösung für die Steuerfeder 24 wird durch ein Spannband 20, welches an den Halteelektroden 19a, 19b befestigt ist oder über diese Halteelektroden 19a, 19b derart gespannt ist, dass die Steu¬ erfeder 24 in der gespannten Position gehalten wird. Die Steuerfeder 24 betätigt im Auslösefall den Steuerbolzen 27, der den Sperrkäfig 15 derart bewegt, dass der Bewegkontakt ausgelöst wird und durch die Steuerfeder 24 in Richtung des Festkontaktes beschleunigt wird. To tighten the spring assembly 4, a clamping nut 13 is pre ¬ see. 2 shows a partial section of invention shown SEN earthing switch, wherein a thermal tripping is implemented here as an alternative solution. The thermal release for the control spring 24 is by a clamping band 20 which is attached to the support electrodes 19a, 19b or is stretched over these holding electrodes 19a, 19b so that the STEU ¬ erfeder 24 is held in the cocked position. The control spring 24 is actuated in the case of triggering the control pin 27 which moves the locking cage 15 such that the moving contact is triggered and is accelerated by the control spring 24 in the direction of the fixed contact.
Das Spannband 20 kann über einen elektrischen Impuls, der zwischen den Halteelektroden 19a, 19b erzeugt wird, thermisch zerstört und ein Schalten so ausgelöst werden. The tensioning band 20 can be thermally destroyed by an electrical pulse generated between the holding electrodes 19a, 19b and a switching triggered.
Die Schrauben 35 dienen der Fixierung der Zugstange während Wartungsarbeiten oder während des Spannens der Steuerfeder 24. The screws 35 serve to fix the drawbar during maintenance or during the tensioning of the control spring 24th
Die Figur 3 zeigt einen alternativen Auslösemechanismus. Da¬ bei dient ein Elektromagnet als Auslösevorrichtung 19, der mit einem Steuerbolzen 27 auf die bewegbar, insbesondere drehbare, Halterung einer Halbwelle 15 λ derart einwirken kann, dass die Klinke 14 λ freigegeben wird. Das über dieFigure 3 shows an alternative triggering mechanism. Since ¬ serves as an electromagnet triggering device 19 which can act with a control pin 27 on the movable, in particular rotatable, mounting a half-wave 15 λ such that the pawl 14 λ is released. That over the
Zugstange 16 mit der Klinke 14 λ verbundene Federpaket 4, in Figur 3 nicht dargestellt, bewirk bei einem Freigeben der Klinke 14 λ von der Halbwelle 15 λ eine Beschleunigung des Be¬ wegkontaktes 17 zum Festkontakt 8, Bewegkontakt und Festkon- takt in Figur 3 nicht dargestellt. Tie rod 16 with the pawl 14 λ connected spring assembly 4, not shown in Figure 3, bewirk at a release of the pawl 14 λ of the half-wave 15 λ acceleration of Be ¬ wegkontaktes 17 to the fixed contact 8, moving contact and fixed contact in Figure 3 not shown.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Schalter, insbesondere ein Erdungsschalter (1) zum schnellen Herstellen einer Erdverbindung und insbesondere auch zum Löschen eines Störlichtbogens, für eine Schaltanla¬ ge, wobei Switch, in particular a grounding switch (1) for quickly establishing a ground connection and in particular also for extinguishing an arc fault, for a Schaltanla ¬ Ge, wherein
der Erdungsschalter (1) zumindest aufweist:  the earthing switch (1) has at least:
einen Festkontakt (8) mit einer ersten Leitungszuführung ( 8 λ ) , a fixed contact (8) having a first line feed (8 λ ),
einen Bewegkontakt (17),  a moving contact (17),
eine Kontaktführung (5) mit einer zweiten Leitungszuführung (22, 23),  a contact guide (5) with a second line feed (22, 23),
einen mechanischen Energiespeicher (4, 24),  a mechanical energy store (4, 24),
im geöffneten Zustand eine Isolierstrecke zwischen dem Festkontakt (8) und dem Bewegkontakt (17), wobei die Isolierstrecke zumindest teilweise mit Isolier¬ flüssigkeit (30) gefüllt ist, in the opened state, an insulating gap between the fixed contact (8) and the moving contact (17), wherein the insulating section is at least partially filled with insulating liquid ¬ (30),
eine Auslösevorrichtung (19, 19a, 19b), und  a triggering device (19, 19a, 19b), and
einen Sperrmechanismus.  a locking mechanism.
Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach Anspruch 1, Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to Claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Sperrmechanismus mindestens umfasst:  That is, the lock mechanism comprises at least:
einem Sperrkäfig (15),  a locking cage (15),
einer Sperrvorrichtung (14, 20) und  a locking device (14, 20) and
einem Sperrvermittler (13, 16, 27) .  a blocking agent (13, 16, 27).
3. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach Anspruch 2, 3. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to claim 2,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Sperrvermittler (16, 13, 27) mit dem Bewegkontakt (17) verbindbar ist,  in that the blocking agent (16, 13, 27) can be connected to the moving contact (17),
der mechanische Energiespeicher (4, 24) mit dem Sperrvermittler (16, 13, 27) verbindbar ist,  the mechanical energy store (4, 24) can be connected to the blocking agent (16, 13, 27),
der Sperrvermittler (16, 13, 27) mittels einer Sperrvorrichtung (14) in dem Sperrkäfig (15) halterbar ist, der Sperrvermittler (16, 13, 27) von der Sperrvorrichtung (14, 20) aus Sperrkäfig (15) mittels einer Auslösevorrichtung (19, 19a, 19b) entlassbar ist, der Bewegkontakt (17) von dem mechanische Energie¬ speicher (4) über den Sperrvermittlers (16, 13, 27) derart beschleunigbar ist, dass der Bewegkontakt (17) mit dem Festkontakt (8) kontaktierbar ist, the blocking agent (16, 13, 27) can be held in the blocking cage (15) by means of a blocking device (14), the blocking agent (16, 13, 27) of the blocking device (14, 20) of the locking cage (15) by means of a triggering device (19, 19a, 19b) can be discharged, the moving contact (17) of the mechanical energy ¬ memory (4) via the blocking agent (16, 13, 27) can be accelerated in such a way that the moving contact (17) can be contacted with the fixed contact (8),
die Kontaktführung (5) sowohl der Führung der Bewegung des Bewegkontaktes (17) dient als auch der Kon- taktierung des Bewegkontaktes (17) dient, und  the contact guide (5) serves both to guide the movement of the moving contact (17) and to contact the moving contact (17), and
die Isolierflüssigkeit (30) beim Schließen des Er¬ dungsschalters vom Bewegkontakt (17) verdrängbar ist.the insulating liquid (30) when closing the ¬ He dung switch from the moving contact (17) is displaced.
4. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach Anspruch 3, 4. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to claim 3,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Sperrvermittler (13, 16) aus einer Zugstange (16) und einer Spannmutter (13) besteht, in that the blocking agent (13, 16) consists of a pull rod (16) and a clamping nut (13),
die Sperrvorrichtung (14) von Sperrkugeln (14) gebildet wird,  the blocking device (14) is formed by blocking balls (14),
der mechanische Energiespeicher (4) durch ein Federpacket (4) realisiert wird, und  the mechanical energy store (4) is realized by a spring package (4), and
die Auslösevorrichtung (19) mit einem Auslösemagneten gebildet wird.  the triggering device (19) is formed with a triggering magnet.
5. Erdungsschalter (1) nach Anspruch 4, 5. earthing switch (1) according to claim 4,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Federpaket (4) im entspannten Zustand, mit Hilfe der Spannmutter (13) spannbar ist, und dass der Sperrkäfig (20) mit Schrauben zur Zugstange (16) gegen Auslösung sicherbar ist. In the relaxed state, the spring assembly (4) can be tensioned with the aid of the clamping nut (13) and the locking cage (20) can be secured against being triggered by means of screws to the drawbar (16).
6. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, 6. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to claim 2 or 3,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Sperrvermittler (27) von einem Steuerbolzen (27) gebildet wird, die Sperrvorrichtung (14, 20) von Sperrkugeln (14) und einem Spannband (20) gebildet wird, characterized in that the blocking agent (27) is formed by a control pin (27), the blocking device (14, 20) is formed by blocking balls (14) and a clamping band (20),
die Auslösevorrichtung (19a, 19b) von Halteelektroden (19a, 19b) gebildet wird, und  the tripping device (19a, 19b) is formed by holding electrodes (19a, 19b), and
- der mechanische Energiespeicher (24) durch eine Steuerfeder (24) realisiert wird. - The mechanical energy storage (24) by a control spring (24) is realized.
7. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 7. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Kontaktführung (5) derart gestaltet ist, dass der Bewegkontakt erst in einer Schlussphase eines Schlie߬ vorganges des Erdungsschalters (1), also kurz bevor der Bewegkontakt (17) auf den Festkontakt (8) trifft, ein großflächiger mechanischer Kontakt zwischen Bewegkontaktcharacterized in that the contact guide (5) is designed such that the moving contact only in a final phase of a closing ¬ operation of the earthing switch (1), ie shortly before the moving contact (17) on the fixed contact (8) meets, a large-scale mechanical contact between moving contact
(17) und Festkontakt (8) entsteht, der zu einer Abbrem- sung der Bewegung des Bewegkontaktes (17) führt und ei¬ nen elektrischen Kontakt zwischen Kontaktführung (5) und Bewegkontakte (17) bewirkt. (17) and fixed contact (8) is formed, which leads to a deceleration of the movement of the moving contact (17) and ei ¬ nen electrical contact between the contact guide (5) and moving contacts (17) causes.
8. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 8. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Kontaktführung (5) und/oder der Bewegkontakt (17) und/oder der Festkontakt (8) eine Bremsschicht (9) in mindestens einem Bereich aufweist, in der der Bewegkontakt (17) mit der Kontaktführung (5) und/oder dem Festkontakt (8) in Kontakt bringbar ist, wobei die Brems¬ schicht (5) aus elektrisch leitendem Material besteht und so ausgelegt ist, dass die Geschwindigkeit des Be¬ wegkontaktes (17) durch das Auftreffen auf die Brems¬ schicht (9) verringert wird. characterized in that the contact guide (5) and / or the moving contact (17) and / or the fixed contact (8) has a braking layer (9) in at least one region in which the moving contact (17) with the contact guide (5) and / or the fixed contact (8) can be brought into contact, wherein the brake ¬ layer (5) consists of electrically conductive material and is designed so that the speed of Be ¬ wegkontaktes (17) by hitting the brake ¬ layer (9) is reduced.
9. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach An- spruch 8, 9. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to claim 8,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Festkontakt (8) im Kontaktbereich mit dem Bewegkontakt eine Bremsschicht (9) aufweist, so dass das mit ho- her Geschwindigkeit auf den Festkontakt (8) aufschlagen¬ de bewegliche Kontaktstück (17) durch Verformung der elektrisch leitenden Bremsschicht (9) zusätzlich abgebremst wird. characterized in that the fixed contact (8) in the contact region with the moving contact has a brake layer (9), so that the with ho speed on the fixed contact (8) strike ¬ de movable contact piece (17) is additionally braked by deformation of the electrically conductive brake layer (9).
10. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, 10. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to claim 8 or 9,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Bremsschicht (9) durch aufgeschäumtes Metall oder eine geeignet strukturierte Oberfläche plastisch ver¬ formbar ist. characterized in that the brake layer (9) by foamed metal or a suitably textured surface is plastically ver ¬ formable.
11. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, 11. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to one of claims 8 to 10,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass durch das Auftreffen des Bewegkontaktes (17) auf die Bremsschicht (9), und/oder d a d u r c h g e k e n e z e i c h n e t that by the impact of the moving contact (17) on the brake layer (9), and / or
durch das Auftreffen des Festkontaktes (8) auf die Bremsschicht, und/oder  by the impact of the fixed contact (8) on the brake layer, and / or
- durch das Auftreffen der Kontaktführung (5) auf die - By the impact of the contact guide (5) on the
BremsSchicht, Brake layer
die Bremsschicht (9) zumindest teilweise aufschmilzt und so the brake layer (9) at least partially melts and so
den Festkontakt (8) und/oder den Bewegkontakt (17) und/oder die Kontaktführung (5) mit  the fixed contact (8) and / or the moving contact (17) and / or the contact guide (5) with
dem Festkontakt (8) und/oder dem Bewegkontakt (17) und/oder der Kontaktführung (5)  the fixed contact (8) and / or the moving contact (17) and / or the contact guide (5)
verlötet . soldered.
12. Schalter, insbesondere Erdungsschalter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 12. Switch, in particular earthing switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Hauptstrom im geschlossenen Schaltzustand vom Festkontakt (8) über die Bremsschicht (9), den Bewegkontakt (17), die Kontaktführung (5), zu einer zweiten Leitungszuführung (22, 23), bestehend aus einer Strombrücken (23) und einem feststehenden Massekontakt (22), fließt. characterized in that the main current in the closed switching state of the fixed contact (8) via the brake layer (9), the moving contact (17), the contact guide (5), to a second line feed (22, 23), consisting of a current bridges (23) and a fixed ground contact (22) flows.
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ZA201707733B (en) 2018-11-28
KR102027072B1 (en) 2019-09-30
MX2017016121A (en) 2018-04-20
US20180144890A1 (en) 2018-05-24
CA2985557A1 (en) 2016-12-22
KR20180016583A (en) 2018-02-14
WO2016202521A1 (en) 2016-12-22
DE102015211030A1 (en) 2016-12-22
CN107743648B (en) 2019-07-12
US10388475B2 (en) 2019-08-20
AU2016279627B2 (en) 2018-08-02
AU2016279627A1 (en) 2017-11-30
CA2985557C (en) 2021-02-16
CN107743648A (en) 2018-02-27
EP3284097B1 (en) 2019-06-26

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