EP3279874B1 - Access control device - Google Patents

Access control device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3279874B1
EP3279874B1 EP17450007.4A EP17450007A EP3279874B1 EP 3279874 B1 EP3279874 B1 EP 3279874B1 EP 17450007 A EP17450007 A EP 17450007A EP 3279874 B1 EP3279874 B1 EP 3279874B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
key
lock cylinder
access control
control device
infrared
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17450007.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3279874A1 (en
Inventor
Reinhard J. Enne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EVVA Sicherheitstechnologie GmbH
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EVVA Sicherheitstechnologie GmbH
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Publication of EP3279874A1 publication Critical patent/EP3279874A1/en
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Publication of EP3279874B1 publication Critical patent/EP3279874B1/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00944Details of construction or manufacture
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0048Circuits, feeding, monitoring
    • E05B2047/0057Feeding
    • E05B2047/0063Energy transfer from key to lock, e.g. for emergency opening
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00579Power supply for the keyless data carrier
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00634Power supply for the lock
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an access control device, in particular one for access control in buildings, comprising a lock cylinder with a key channel formed in a rotatable cylinder core and a key that can be inserted into the key channel, the key and the lock cylinder for infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements Have wireless energy and / or data transmission between the lock cylinder and the key.
  • Locking systems are mostly used in larger buildings in which access to a large number of rooms or building sections is to be individually controlled.
  • locking systems are often equipped with access control devices that have electronic authorization query means.
  • the authorization information is stored on electronic identification media.
  • Access control devices in the context of the invention are, for example, those devices with which a method for access control can be carried out, especially in buildings, in which a unidirectional or bidirectional data transmission takes place between an electronic key and a locking device or a lock and in the access control device an access authorization check is carried out, with a blocking means for the optional release or blocking of access being activated as a function of the access authorization determined.
  • a blocking means is e.g. a mechanically acting blocking element which can be moved between a blocking and a release position, a mechanical or magnetic coupling element which an actuating element, e.g. a key inserted into a key channel of a rotatable cylinder core, coupled or decoupled with a locking element, or an electrically lockable and / or releasable locking element, e.g. an electric door opener, understand.
  • Access control devices are used in particular to block or unblock access to rooms depending on the access authorization and are accordingly mostly intended for installation in doors, windows and the like.
  • an access control device require electrical energy, e.g. for determining access authorization based on electronic authorization information.
  • the electrical energy is required both for sending data from a key or identification medium to the access control unit and for receiving the data in the access control unit as well as for evaluating the received data.
  • Various methods are known for near-field communication, such as, for example, according to the RFID or NFC standard, in which an electrical energy store is only provided on the receiver side, ie on the lock side.
  • energy is transmitted between the receiver and the transmitter via a Coupling on the basis of alternating magnetic fields, so that the transmitter, ie the identification medium, receives the energy required for data transmission from the receiver.
  • the identification medium is often designed as a passive RFID or NFC transponder.
  • Access control devices have also become known in which the electrical energy from the lock cylinder is transmitted to the key with contact, the key preferably also being read out with contact.
  • these systems have the disadvantage that the contact-based connection does not function reliably, for example because of grease, oxidation or other impurities on the electrical contacts.
  • access control devices have become known in which electrical energy is transmitted from the lock cylinder to the key by means of infrared, wherein infrared can also be used for data transmission.
  • WO9520088 A1 describes an arrangement for an electronic lock and key system.
  • DE20107870 U1 describes a rosette for an associated lock cylinder.
  • EP 235703 A1 Light and photodiodes required for infrared transmission are arranged on the flat side of the key shaft or in the key channel.
  • this has the disadvantage that the photo or light-emitting diodes can easily be misplaced due to the impurities introduced into the key channel during each locking process, as a result of which the data or energy transmission is impaired.
  • the present invention is therefore aimed at developing an access control device in such a way that the reliability of the data and / or energy transmission via infrared is improved and the possibilities for using infrared data transmission are expanded.
  • the invention essentially provides for an access control device of the type mentioned at the outset that the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the key is arranged on the bow of the key and the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the Lock cylinder arranged on the front side of the lock cylinder is characterized in that the infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the lock cylinder is arranged on the front side of the cylinder core. This ensures that the infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements of the key and of the lock cylinder are positioned directly opposite one another or at a short distance from one another when the key is inserted into the key channel, so that the transmission power can be used and energy consumption can be reduced .
  • the infrared transmission path is arranged outside of the key channel, so that the data and / or energy transmission is free from interference caused by in the Key channel entered impurities can be caused.
  • the infrared transmission path extends between the bow of the key and the face of the lock cylinder.
  • the end face of the lock cylinder denotes that side or surface on which the mouth of the key channel is arranged and from which the key is thus inserted into the lock cylinder core.
  • the short infrared transmission distance due to the short infrared transmission distance, the possibility of undesired interference with the data transmission is minimized, in particular the possibility of eavesdropping and intercepting the communication. Because the short infrared transmission distance enables low transmission power and the signal strength decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the infrared transmitter, eavesdropping on the data transmission by unauthorized persons due to signal propagation caused by light scattering, light reflection or the like is almost impossible.
  • a further advantage of the inventive arrangement of an infrared receiving element on the face of the lock cylinder is that these receiving elements can also easily be reached directly by infrared transmission devices other than the key.
  • Such transmission devices enable infrared data transmission to the lock cylinder or to an element connected to the lock cylinder for the purposes of programming and parameterizing the access control device, such as for firmware updates, blacklist updates and / or authorization data updates.
  • the said transmission devices could with Such a high transmission power work that a plurality of locally adjacent access control devices can be programmed or parameterized at the same time, for example a plurality of access control devices attached to adjacent hotel rooms.
  • the inventive arrangement of the infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements also means that the key shaft and the key channel can remain free of transmitting and / or receiving elements, which results in fewer restrictions in the design of any mechanical coding of the key.
  • the infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the lock cylinder is arranged on the end face of the cylinder core.
  • the infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the lock cylinder is thus arranged to rotate with the cylinder core, so that the data and / or energy transmission between the key and the lock cylinder even during the rotation of the cylinder core, e.g. can be maintained during a locking or unlocking process.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the Infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the key is arranged on one of the end face of the lock cylinder in the inserted state in the key channel facing side of the bow.
  • the infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements of the lock cylinder and the key are particularly preferably arranged so that the infrared transmission path between the infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements is less than 10mm, preferably less than 10mm, when the key is inserted into the key channel 5mm, particularly preferably less than 3mm.
  • the key comprises an infrared transmission element and the locking cylinder comprises an infrared receiving element, or vice versa, the locking cylinder comprises an infrared transmission element and the key comprises an infrared receiving element. If, on the other hand, the energy or data transmission is to take place in both directions, the key and the lock cylinder each include an infrared transmission and reception element.
  • the infrared transmitting element can preferably comprise one or more infrared LEDs.
  • the infrared receiving element can, for example, comprise radiation detectors made of pyroelectric materials or of semiconductors, infrared-sensitive solar cells, infrared-sensitive phototransistors or infrared-sensitive photodiodes.
  • a current or voltage source feeds the infrared transmitting and possibly receiving element of a component selected from the key and lock cylinder and that the infrared receiving and possibly - Sending element of the other component selected from a key and lock cylinder supplies an energy store or an electrical consumer in the other component with electrical energy.
  • the energy can either be transferred from the key to the lock cylinder or vice versa from the lock cylinder to the key.
  • the energy store or electrical consumer fed by the infrared receiving element is arranged in the lock cylinder or an element electrically connected to it.
  • the energy store or electrical consumer fed by the infrared receiving element is arranged in the key.
  • a current or voltage source is accordingly provided in the other component.
  • the current or voltage source can be formed by an electrical energy store, such as a battery, or by an energy converter for converting kinetic energy into electrical energy.
  • an energy converter which is arranged either in the key or in the lock cylinder or in a component mechanically coupled to this is particularly advantageous.
  • the energy converter can, for example, in accordance with the AT 501725 B1 , AT 509465 B1 and or AT 502682 B1 be designed as described construction.
  • Such converters are designed, for example, as an electrical generator and have a magnetic circuit and an induction coil through which the magnetic flux passes, the Magnetic circuit or the induction coil is designed as a movable component and the other part is designed as a fixed component.
  • the movable component can be designed as a flywheel, as shown, for example, in the EP 1039074 A1 has become known.
  • a flywheel As shown, for example, in the EP 1039074 A1 has become known.
  • Such a design ensures a self-sufficient energy supply, since the electrical energy generated by the flywheel generator can be temporarily stored in an energy storage device and, if necessary, is made available to the electrical circuit for checking access authorization or for electrically actuating the lock.
  • Flywheel generators are particularly suitable for integration in keys, as in this case the flywheel is set in motion, similar to wristwatches, due to the constant carrying along and the mechanical vibrations caused by it.
  • Another embodiment of the energy converter which is preferred for integration in the lock cylinder, provides that the movable component of the converter is driven by the movement of the key in the key channel of the lock cylinder.
  • a collision occurs with the movably arranged part of the transducer system or with a driver that deflects the movably arranged part, which can oscillate freely after release, whereby electrical energy can be withdrawn from the system during each period of the oscillation process.
  • the movable component of the transducer is held by a leaf spring and closed Oscillating movements is arranged deflectable in only one plane.
  • the mechanically movable part of the transducer system is held by a leaf spring, friction-free guidance of the moving part is achieved, with the design of the spring as a leaf spring only allowing movement in a single plane so that exact guidance is ensured.
  • the distances between the movable component and the stationary component can be selected to be very small, since hardly any tolerances have to be taken into account due to the exact guidance.
  • a leaf spring as a holding part for the movable component, an oscillating movement is carried out after a corresponding deflection of the component, so that magnetic flux changes are caused per unit of time in the induction coil and a voltage is thus induced.
  • the characteristics of the leaf spring can be set in such a way that an AC voltage frequency of> 50 Hertz, in particular 50-100 Hertz, 100-200 Hz and / or 200-300 Hz, is generated.
  • the energy converter In the context of the invention, it is sufficient if the energy converter generates relatively little electrical energy because, due to the low-loss energy transfer achieved by the invention, sufficient electrical energy still reaches the consumer.
  • the energy converter is preferably arranged in the lock cylinder or an element electrically connected to the lock cylinder and feeds the key with electrical energy via the infrared energy transmission path and also feeds the loads arranged in the lock cylinder or in the element electrically connected to the lock cylinder, such as an access control circuit for checking access authorization with electrical energy.
  • the key bit of the key can, for example, have a mechanically scannable coding which comprises a longitudinal profile of the key bit and / or on one or two opposite edges of the key bit a plurality of successive elevations and depressions with control edges associated with the elevations, which are used to actuate locking elements , such as Pin tumblers, of the shooting cylinder are formed.
  • the invention is preferably further developed in such a way that the key comprises an electronic memory for authorization information and that the lock cylinder or an element connected to it comprises an access control circuit, data transmission means being provided so that the access control circuit releases access as a function of the authorization information or locks.
  • the authorization information is available, for example, as an electronic code which can be read out electronically by the reading units of the lock cylinder and evaluated with regard to access authorization. It is not absolutely necessary that the electronic code is actually transmitted. Rather, the access authorization can also be determined by means of an authentication and / or identification protocol between the access control circuit and the key, ie with cryptographic methods with which it can be determined without transmitting the sensitive codes whether the key and the access control circuit have the same secret which corresponds to an access authorization.
  • Authorization information includes e.g. Identification or access codes and / or access conditions such as to understand authorized access time, authorized access day, authorized access date of a user and the like.
  • the authorization information is obtained from a secret key, which is individual to the lock cylinder, i.e. an identifier identifying the lock cylinder, and optionally a time restriction of authorization.
  • the data transmission between the key and the lock cylinder, via which the authorization data are queried in order to determine the access authorization, can in principle take place as desired.
  • the data is particularly preferably transmitted via an infrared data transmission path between the key and the lock cylinder, with the infrared transmitting and receiving elements already provided for the energy transmission being able to be used.
  • the data transmission means comprise the infrared transmitting and receiving elements between the key and the lock cylinder.
  • the Benefit of the very low power consumption used for data communication via infrared data transmission can also be provided for the energy and data transmission.
  • the electronics required on the key-side for infrared data communication can preferably be accommodated in the front of the key.
  • the data transmission means can be designed separately from the energy transmission means and e.g. be designed for inductive wireless, capacitive or radio transmission of data between the key and the lock cylinder.
  • the data is then transmitted, for example, by means of near-field communication, in particular according to the RFID, NFC, JCOP (Java Card OpenPlatform) or MIFARE DESFire standard.
  • the data can also be transmitted via electromagnetic waves, i.e. via a radio system.
  • FIG. 1 a key in a side view
  • Fig. 2 the key according to Fig. 1 in a front view
  • Fig. 3 a lock cylinder in which the key according to the Figs. 1 and 2 is insertable.
  • a key 1 which comprises a bow 2 and a key shaft 3.
  • the key shaft 3 can be provided with a code in a conventional manner, such as a code that can be scanned mechanically and / or magnetically.
  • Key 1 is on Reide 2 now, according to the invention, an infrared transmitting and / or receiving element which, in the case of a transmitting element, can be designed as an infrared LED and, in the case of a receiving element, as a photodiode or the like.
  • a transmitting and a receiving element are provided, which can either be designed as two separate components, preferably arranged side by side, or can be integrated into a single component.
  • the infrared transmitting and / or receiving element can be arranged, for example, at the point marked 4 on the bow 2 or at the point marked 5.
  • the transmission element has such a radiation angle that the resulting radiation cone, in particular its axis of symmetry, is directed towards the reception element of the lock cylinder 6.
  • the angle of radiation is preferably selected to be narrow, in particular less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 °, in order to minimize energy consumption and to reduce the portion of radiation that cannot be used due to scattering and the like.
  • a lock cylinder 6 is shown, which is designed in particular as a Euro profile cylinder.
  • the cylinder can also be designed as a Swiss round cylinder or as a Scandinavian oval cylinder, for example.
  • the lock cylinder 6 comprises a cylinder core 8, which has a key channel 12 and is rotatably mounted in the cylinder housing 7. The rotation of the cylinder core 8 is blocked until the presence of an authorized key is detected. The authorization check can be carried out electronically as described.
  • an infrared transmitting and / or receiving element is now provided, which is arranged on the cylinder core 8 (position 9 or 10).
  • the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the lock cylinder 6 is arranged opposite the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the key 1 when it is inserted into the key channel 12, so that when the infrared transmission and / or reception element is arranged of the key 1 at the position 5, the infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the lock cylinder 6 is preferably arranged at the position 10.
  • the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the key 1 is arranged at position 4
  • the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the lock cylinder 6 is preferably arranged at position 9.
  • the transmission element of the lock cylinder 6 has such a radiation angle that the resulting radiation cone, in particular its axis of symmetry, is directed towards the reception element of the key 1.
  • the angle of radiation is preferably selected to be narrow, in particular less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 °, in order to minimize energy consumption and to reduce the portion of radiation that cannot be used due to scattering and the like.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zutrittskontrollvorrichtung, insbesondere ein solche für die Zutrittskontrolle in Gebäuden, umfassend einen Schließzylinder mit einem in einem drehbaren Zylinderkern ausgebildeten Schlüsselkanal und einen in den Schlüsselkanal einführbaren Schlüssel, wobei der Schlüssel und der Schließzylinder Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselemente zur drahtlosen Energie- und/oder Datenübertragung zwischen dem Schließzylinder und dem Schlüssel aufweisen.The invention relates to an access control device, in particular one for access control in buildings, comprising a lock cylinder with a key channel formed in a rotatable cylinder core and a key that can be inserted into the key channel, the key and the lock cylinder for infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements Have wireless energy and / or data transmission between the lock cylinder and the key.

An moderne Schließanlagen werden vielfältige Anforderungen gestellt. Schließanlagen kommen meist in größeren Gebäuden zum Einsatz, in denen der Zutritt zu einer Vielzahl von Räumen oder Gebäudeabschnitten individuell kontrolliert werden soll. Um dem Bedürfnis nach häufig wechselnden Berechtigungen Rechnung zu tragen, werden Schließanlagen häufig mit Zutrittskontrollvorrichtungen ausgestattet, die elektronische Berechtigungsabfragemittel aufweisen. Die Berechtigungsinformationen sind auf elektronischen Identmedien gespeichert.Various requirements are placed on modern locking systems. Locking systems are mostly used in larger buildings in which access to a large number of rooms or building sections is to be individually controlled. In order to meet the need for frequently changing authorizations, locking systems are often equipped with access control devices that have electronic authorization query means. The authorization information is stored on electronic identification media.

Unter Zutrittskontrollvorrichtungen im Sinne der Erfindung sind beispielsweise solche Vorrichtungen zu verstehen, mit denen ein Verfahren zur Zutrittskontrolle insbesondere in Gebäuden durchgeführt werden kann, bei dem eine uni- oder bidirektionale Datenübermittlung zwischen einem elektronischen Schlüssel und einer Schließeinrichtung bzw. einem Schloss stattfindet und in der Zutrittskontrollvorrichtung eine Zutrittsberechtigungsprüfung vorgenommen wird, wobei in Abhängigkeit von der festgestellten Zutrittsberechtigung ein Sperrmittel zum wahlweisen Freigeben oder Sperren des Zutritts angesteuert wird.Access control devices in the context of the invention are, for example, those devices with which a method for access control can be carried out, especially in buildings, in which a unidirectional or bidirectional data transmission takes place between an electronic key and a locking device or a lock and in the access control device an access authorization check is carried out, with a blocking means for the optional release or blocking of access being activated as a function of the access authorization determined.

Unter einem Sperrmittel ist im Rahmen der Erfindung z.B. ein mechanisch wirkendes Sperrelement, das zwischen einer Sperr- und einer Freigabestellung bewegt werden kann, ein mechanisches oder magnetisches Kupplungselement, das ein Betätigungselement, wie z.B. einen in einem Schlüsselkanal eines drehbaren Zylinderkerns eingeführten Schlüssel, mit einem Sperrglied koppelt oder entkoppelt, oder ein elektrisch sperr- und/oder freigebbares Sperrelement, wie z.B. ein elektrischer Türöffner, zu verstehen.In the context of the invention, a blocking means is e.g. a mechanically acting blocking element which can be moved between a blocking and a release position, a mechanical or magnetic coupling element which an actuating element, e.g. a key inserted into a key channel of a rotatable cylinder core, coupled or decoupled with a locking element, or an electrically lockable and / or releasable locking element, e.g. an electric door opener, understand.

Zutrittskontrollvorrichtungen dienen dabei insbesondere dazu, den Zutritt zu Räumen in Abhängigkeit von der Zutrittsberechtigung zu versperren oder freizugeben und sind dementsprechend meist zum Einbau in Türen, Fenster und dgl. vorgesehen.Access control devices are used in particular to block or unblock access to rooms depending on the access authorization and are accordingly mostly intended for installation in doors, windows and the like.

Für verschiedene Funktionen einer Zutrittskontrollvorrichtung ist elektrische Energie erforderlich, z.B. für die Feststellung der Zutrittsberechtigung auf Grund von elektronischen Berechtigungsinformationen. Die elektrische Energie wird hierbei sowohl für das Senden von Daten von einem Schlüssel bzw. Identmedium zu der Zutrittskontrolleinheit und für das Empfangen der Daten in der Zutrittskontrolleinheit als auch für die Auswertung der empfangenen Daten benötigt.Various functions of an access control device require electrical energy, e.g. for determining access authorization based on electronic authorization information. The electrical energy is required both for sending data from a key or identification medium to the access control unit and for receiving the data in the access control unit as well as for evaluating the received data.

Es sind verschiedene Verfahren für die Nahfeldkommunikation bekannt, wie z.B. nach dem RFID- oder NFC-Standard, bei denen lediglich empfängerseitig, d.h. schlossseitig, ein elektrischer Energiespeicher vorgesehen ist. Zwischen dem Empfänger und dem Sender erfolgt im Zuge einer Berechtigungsabfrage eine Energieübertragung über eine Kopplung auf der Basis magnetischer Wechselfelder, sodass der Sender, d.h. das Identmedium, die für die Datenübertragung erforderliche Energie vom Empfänger erhält. Das Identmedium ist dabei häufig als passiver RFID- oder NFC-Transponder ausgebildet.Various methods are known for near-field communication, such as, for example, according to the RFID or NFC standard, in which an electrical energy store is only provided on the receiver side, ie on the lock side. In the course of an authorization query, energy is transmitted between the receiver and the transmitter via a Coupling on the basis of alternating magnetic fields, so that the transmitter, ie the identification medium, receives the energy required for data transmission from the receiver. The identification medium is often designed as a passive RFID or NFC transponder.

Im Rahmen der Energieübertragung über eine Kopplung auf der Basis magnetischer Wechselfelder treten nicht unerhebliche Energieverluste auf. Diese umfassen Streuverluste, Wirbelströme, die z.B. in im Nahbereich angeordneten metallischen Bauteilen induziert werden, sowie das Absorbieren der Energie des Antennenfelds in Materialien mit hoher Dielektrizitätskonstante. Die Energieverluste haben einen hohen Stromverbrauch zur Folge, sodass der z.B. als Batterie ausgebildete, in einer schlossseitigen Komponente angeordnete Energiespeicher häufig ausgetauscht werden muss, was mit einem hohen Handhabungsaufwand und einer geringen Benutzerfreundlichkeit verbunden ist.In the context of the energy transfer via a coupling based on alternating magnetic fields, there are significant energy losses. These include leakage, eddy currents, e.g. can be induced in metallic components arranged in close proximity, as well as the absorption of the energy of the antenna field in materials with a high dielectric constant. The energy losses result in high power consumption, so that e.g. designed as a battery, arranged in a lock-side component energy store must be replaced frequently, which is associated with a high handling effort and low user friendliness.

Es sind auch Zutrittskontrollvorrichtungen bekannt geworden, bei denen die elektrische Energie aus dem Schließzylinder kontaktbehaftet an den Schlüssel übertragen wird, wobei der Schlüssel bevorzugt auch kontaktbehaftet ausgelesen wird. Diese Systeme haben jedoch den Nachteil, dass die kontaktbehaftete Verbindung nicht zuverlässig funktioniert, z.B. wegen Fettanteilen, Oxidation oder anderen Verunreinigungen auf den elektrischen Kontakten. Weiters sind Zutrittskontrollvorrichtungen bekannt geworden, bei denen elektrische Energie mittels Infrarot vom Schließzylinder an den Schlüssel übertragen wird, wobei Infrarot auch für die Datenübertragung verwendet werden kann. WO9520088 A1 beschreibt eine Anordnung für ein elektronisches Schloss- und Schlüsselsystem. DE20107870 U1 beschreibt eine Rosette für einen zugeordneten Schließzylinder. Beim Gegenstand der EP 235703 A1 sind die für die Infrarot-Übertragung erforderlichen Leucht- und Fotodioden an der Flachseite des Schlüsselschafts bzw. im Schlüsselkanal angeordnet. Dies hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass die Foto- bzw. Leuchtdioden durch die bei jedem Sperrvorgang in den Schlüsselkanal eingebrachten Verunreinigungen leicht verlegt werden können, wodurch die Daten- bzw. Energieübertragung beeinträchtigt wird.Access control devices have also become known in which the electrical energy from the lock cylinder is transmitted to the key with contact, the key preferably also being read out with contact. However, these systems have the disadvantage that the contact-based connection does not function reliably, for example because of grease, oxidation or other impurities on the electrical contacts. Furthermore, access control devices have become known in which electrical energy is transmitted from the lock cylinder to the key by means of infrared, wherein infrared can also be used for data transmission. WO9520088 A1 describes an arrangement for an electronic lock and key system. DE20107870 U1 describes a rosette for an associated lock cylinder. The subject of EP 235703 A1 are those for them Light and photodiodes required for infrared transmission are arranged on the flat side of the key shaft or in the key channel. However, this has the disadvantage that the photo or light-emitting diodes can easily be misplaced due to the impurities introduced into the key channel during each locking process, as a result of which the data or energy transmission is impaired.

Die vorliegende Erfindung zielt daher darauf ab, eine Zutrittskontrollvorrichtung dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass die Zuverlässigkeit der Daten- und/oder Energieübertragung über Infrarot verbessert wird und die Nutzungsmöglichkeiten der Infrarot-Datenübertragung erweitert werden.The present invention is therefore aimed at developing an access control device in such a way that the reliability of the data and / or energy transmission via infrared is improved and the possibilities for using infrared data transmission are expanded.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung bei einer Zutrittskontrollvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art im Wesentlichen vor, dass das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schlüssels an der Reide des Schlüssels angeordnet ist und das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schließzylinders an der Stirnseite des Schließzylinders angeordnet ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schließzylinders an der Stirnseite des Zylinderkerns angeordnet ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass die Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselemente des Schlüssels und des Schließzylinders im in den Schlüsselkanal eingesteckten Zustand des Schlüssels unmittelbar gegenüberliegend bzw. in geringem Abstand voneinander positioniert sind, sodass mit geringer Sendeleistung gearbeitet und der Energieverbrauch gesenkt werden kann. Auf Grund der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung der Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselemente ist die Infrarotübertragungsstrecke außerhalb des Schlüsselkanals angeordnet, sodass die Daten- und/oder Energieübertragung frei von Störungen ist, die durch in den Schlüsselkanal eingetragene Verunreinigungen verursacht werden können. Die Infrarotübertragungsstrecke erstreckt sich hierbei zwischen der Reide des Schlüssels und der Stirnseite des Schließzylinders. Die Stirnseite des Schließzylinders bezeichnet hierbei jene Seite bzw. Fläche, an der die Mündung des Schlüsselkanals angeordnet ist und von welcher der Schlüssel somit in den Schließzylinderkern eingesteckt wird.To solve this problem, the invention essentially provides for an access control device of the type mentioned at the outset that the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the key is arranged on the bow of the key and the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the Lock cylinder arranged on the front side of the lock cylinder is characterized in that the infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the lock cylinder is arranged on the front side of the cylinder core. This ensures that the infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements of the key and of the lock cylinder are positioned directly opposite one another or at a short distance from one another when the key is inserted into the key channel, so that the transmission power can be used and energy consumption can be reduced . Due to the inventive arrangement of the infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements, the infrared transmission path is arranged outside of the key channel, so that the data and / or energy transmission is free from interference caused by in the Key channel entered impurities can be caused. The infrared transmission path extends between the bow of the key and the face of the lock cylinder. The end face of the lock cylinder denotes that side or surface on which the mouth of the key channel is arranged and from which the key is thus inserted into the lock cylinder core.

Weiters wird auf Grund des geringen Infrarot-Übertragungsabstandes die Möglichkeit von unerwünschten Eingriffen in die Datenübertragung minimiert, insbesondere die Möglichkeit des Abhörens und des Abfangens der Kommunikation. Weil der geringe Infrarot-Übertragungsabstand geringe Sendeleistungen ermöglicht und die Signalstärke mit zunehmendem Abstand vom Infrarotsender schnell abnimmt, ist das Abhören der Datenübertragung durch nichtberechtigte Personen auf Grund einer durch Lichtstreuung, Lichtreflexion oder dgl. verursachten Signalausbreitung nahezu ausgeschlossen.Furthermore, due to the short infrared transmission distance, the possibility of undesired interference with the data transmission is minimized, in particular the possibility of eavesdropping and intercepting the communication. Because the short infrared transmission distance enables low transmission power and the signal strength decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the infrared transmitter, eavesdropping on the data transmission by unauthorized persons due to signal propagation caused by light scattering, light reflection or the like is almost impossible.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung eines Infrarot-Empfangselements an der Stirnseite des Schließzylinders besteht darin, dass diese Empfangselemente auch ohne weiteres von vom Schlüssel verschiedenen Sendeeinrichtungen per Infrarot direkt erreichbar sind. Solche Sendeeinrichtungen ermöglichen die Infrarot-Datenübertragung an den Schließzylinder bzw. an ein mit dem Schließzylinder verbundenes Element für die Zwecke der Programmierung und Parametrierung der Zutrittskontrollvorrichtung, wie z.B. für Firmware-Updates, Blacklist-Updates und/oder Berechtigungsdaten-Updates. Insbesondere könnten die genannten Sendeeinrichtungen mit solch hoher Sendeleistung arbeiten, dass eine Mehrzahl von örtlich benachbarten Zutrittskontrollvorrichtungen gleichzeitig programmiert oder parametriert werden können, z.B. eine Vielzahl von an benachbarten Hotelzimmern angebrachten Zutrittskontrollvorrichtungen.A further advantage of the inventive arrangement of an infrared receiving element on the face of the lock cylinder is that these receiving elements can also easily be reached directly by infrared transmission devices other than the key. Such transmission devices enable infrared data transmission to the lock cylinder or to an element connected to the lock cylinder for the purposes of programming and parameterizing the access control device, such as for firmware updates, blacklist updates and / or authorization data updates. In particular, the said transmission devices could with Such a high transmission power work that a plurality of locally adjacent access control devices can be programmed or parameterized at the same time, for example a plurality of access control devices attached to adjacent hotel rooms.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung der Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselemente führt außerdem dazu, dass der Schlüsselschaft und der Schlüsselkanal von Sende- und/oder -Empfangselementen frei bleiben kann, woraus eine geringere Einschränkung bei der Gestaltung einer allfälligen mechanischen Codierung des Schlüssels resultiert.The inventive arrangement of the infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements also means that the key shaft and the key channel can remain free of transmitting and / or receiving elements, which results in fewer restrictions in the design of any mechanical coding of the key.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schließzylinders an der Stirnseite des Zylinderkerns angeordnet ist. Das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schließzylinders ist somit mit dem Zylinderkern mitdrehend angeordnet, sodass die Daten- und/oder Energieübertragung zwischen Schlüssel und Schließzylinder auch während der Drehung des Zylinderkerns, z.B. während eines Sperr- oder Entsperrvorgangs aufrechterhalten werden kann.According to the invention, it is provided that the infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the lock cylinder is arranged on the end face of the cylinder core. The infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the lock cylinder is thus arranged to rotate with the cylinder core, so that the data and / or energy transmission between the key and the lock cylinder even during the rotation of the cylinder core, e.g. can be maintained during a locking or unlocking process.

Um eine möglichst direkte und kurze InfrarotÜbertragungsstrecke zu gewährleisten, ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schlüssels an einer der Stirnseite des Schließzylinders im in den Schlüsselkanal eingesteckten Zustand zugewandten Seite der Reide angeordnet ist.In order to ensure that the infrared transmission route is as direct and as short as possible, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the Infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the key is arranged on one of the end face of the lock cylinder in the inserted state in the key channel facing side of the bow.

Besonders bevorzugt sind die Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselemente des Schließzylinders und des Schlüssels so angeordnet, dass die Infrarotübertragungsstrecke zwischen den Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselementen im in den Schlüsselkanal eingesteckten Zustand des Schlüssels weniger als 10mm, vorzugsweise weniger als 5mm, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 3mm beträgt.The infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements of the lock cylinder and the key are particularly preferably arranged so that the infrared transmission path between the infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements is less than 10mm, preferably less than 10mm, when the key is inserted into the key channel 5mm, particularly preferably less than 3mm.

Wenn die Energie- oder Datenübertragung lediglich in einer Richtung erfolgen soll, umfasst der Schlüssel ein Infrarot-Sendeelement und der Schließzylinder umfasst ein Infrarot-Empfangselement, oder umgekehrt, der Schließzylinder umfasst ein Infrarot-Sendeelement und der Schlüssel umfasst ein Infrarot-Empfangselement. Wenn die Energie- oder Datenübertragung hingegen in beide Richtungen erfolgen soll, umfassen der Schlüssel und der Schließzylinder jeweils ein Infrarot-Sende- und -Empfangselement.If the energy or data transmission is only to take place in one direction, the key comprises an infrared transmission element and the locking cylinder comprises an infrared receiving element, or vice versa, the locking cylinder comprises an infrared transmission element and the key comprises an infrared receiving element. If, on the other hand, the energy or data transmission is to take place in both directions, the key and the lock cylinder each include an infrared transmission and reception element.

Das Infrarot-Sendeelement kann vorzugsweise eine oder mehrere Infrarot-LED umfassen. Das Infrarot-Empfangselement kann beispielsweise Strahlungsdetektoren aus pyroelektrischen Materialien oder aus Halbleitern, infrarotempfindliche Solarzellen, infrarotempfindliche Fototransistoren oder infrarotempfindliche Fotodioden umfassen.The infrared transmitting element can preferably comprise one or more infrared LEDs. The infrared receiving element can, for example, comprise radiation detectors made of pyroelectric materials or of semiconductors, infrared-sensitive solar cells, infrared-sensitive phototransistors or infrared-sensitive photodiodes.

Um eine Energieübertragung zwischen Schlüssel und Schließzylinder zu ermöglichen, ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass eine Strom- bzw. Spannungsquelle das Infrarot-Sende- und ggf. -Empfangselement eines Bauteils ausgewählt aus Schlüssel und Schließzylinder speist und dass das Infrarot-Empfangs- und ggf. -Sendeelement des anderen Bauteils ausgewählt aus Schlüssel und Schließzylinder einen Energiespeicher oder einen elektrischen Verbraucher im anderen Bauteil mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. Die Energieübertragung kann dabei entweder vom Schlüssel auf den Schließzylinder oder umgekehrt vom Schließzylinder auf den Schlüssel erfolgen. Im ersten Fall ist der vom Infrarot-Empfangselement gespeiste Energiespeicher oder elektrische Verbraucher im Schließzylinder oder einem mit diesem elektrisch verbundenen Element angeordnet. Im zweiten Fall ist der vom Infrarot-Empfangselement gespeiste Energiespeicher oder elektrische Verbraucher im Schlüssel angeordnet. Im anderen Bauteil ist dementsprechend eine Strom- bzw. Spannungsquelle vorgesehen.In order to enable energy to be transmitted between the key and the lock cylinder, it is preferably provided that a current or voltage source feeds the infrared transmitting and possibly receiving element of a component selected from the key and lock cylinder and that the infrared receiving and possibly - Sending element of the other component selected from a key and lock cylinder supplies an energy store or an electrical consumer in the other component with electrical energy. The energy can either be transferred from the key to the lock cylinder or vice versa from the lock cylinder to the key. In the first case, the energy store or electrical consumer fed by the infrared receiving element is arranged in the lock cylinder or an element electrically connected to it. In the second case, the energy store or electrical consumer fed by the infrared receiving element is arranged in the key. A current or voltage source is accordingly provided in the other component.

Die Strom- bzw. Spannungsquelle kann von einem elektrischen Energiespeicher, wie z.B. einer Batterie, gebildet sein oder von einem Energiewandler zum Umwandeln von Bewegungsenergie in elektrische Energie. Besonders vorteilhaft ist hierbei das Vorsehen eines Energiewandlers, der entweder im Schlüssel oder im Schließzylinder oder in einem mit diesem mechanisch gekoppelten Bauteil angeordnet ist. Der Energiewandler kann beispielsweise entsprechend der in der AT 501725 B1 , AT 509465 B1 und/oder AT 502682 B1 beschriebenen Bauweise ausgebildet sein. Derartige Wandler sind beispielsweise als elektrischer Generator ausgebildet und weisen einen Magnetkreis und eine von dessen Magnetfluss durchsetzte Induktionsspule auf, wobei der Magnetkreis oder die Induktionsspule als beweglicher Bauteil und der jeweils andere Teil als feststehender Bauteil ausgebildet ist. Dabei wird durch die Bewegung des beweglich angeordneten Bauteils im Induktionssystem eine Induktionsspannung induziert. Der bewegliche Bauteil kann als Schwungrad ausgebildet sein, wie dies beispielsweise aus der EP 1039074 A1 bekannt geworden ist. Durch eine derartige Ausbildung wird eine autarke Energieversorgung sichergestellt, da die vom Schwungradgenerator erzeugte elektrische Energie in einem Energiespeicher zwischengespeichert werden kann und im Bedarfsfall dem elektrischen Schaltkreis für die Zutrittsberechtigungsprüfung bzw. für die elektrische Betätigung des Schlosses zur Verfügung gestellt wird. Schwungradgeneratoren sind hierbei besonders für die Integration in Schlüssel geeignet, da das Schwungrad in diesem Fall ähnlich wie bei Armbanduhren durch das ständige Mittragen und die dabei verursachten mechanischen Erschütterungen in Bewegung versetzt wird.The current or voltage source can be formed by an electrical energy store, such as a battery, or by an energy converter for converting kinetic energy into electrical energy. The provision of an energy converter which is arranged either in the key or in the lock cylinder or in a component mechanically coupled to this is particularly advantageous. The energy converter can, for example, in accordance with the AT 501725 B1 , AT 509465 B1 and or AT 502682 B1 be designed as described construction. Such converters are designed, for example, as an electrical generator and have a magnetic circuit and an induction coil through which the magnetic flux passes, the Magnetic circuit or the induction coil is designed as a movable component and the other part is designed as a fixed component. An induction voltage is induced by the movement of the movably arranged component in the induction system. The movable component can be designed as a flywheel, as shown, for example, in the EP 1039074 A1 has become known. Such a design ensures a self-sufficient energy supply, since the electrical energy generated by the flywheel generator can be temporarily stored in an energy storage device and, if necessary, is made available to the electrical circuit for checking access authorization or for electrically actuating the lock. Flywheel generators are particularly suitable for integration in keys, as in this case the flywheel is set in motion, similar to wristwatches, due to the constant carrying along and the mechanical vibrations caused by it.

Eine andere Ausbildung des Energiewandlers, die für die Integration in den Schließzylinder bevorzugt ist, sieht vor, dass der bewegliche Bauteil des Wandlers durch die Einführbewegung des Schlüssels in den Schlüsselkanal des Schließzylinders angetrieben ist. Insbesondere tritt beim Einführen des Schlüssels eine Kollision mit dem beweglich angeordneten Teil des Wandlersystems oder mit einem Mitnehmer auf, der den beweglich angeordneten Teil auslenkt, wobei dieser nach Freigabe frei ausschwingen kann, wobei bei jeder Periode des Schwingvorgangs dem System elektrische Energie entzogen werden kann. Bevorzugt ist hierbei vorgesehen, dass der bewegliche Bauteil des Wandlers von einer Blattfeder gehalten ist und zu Schwingbewegungen in lediglich einer Ebene auslenkbar angeordnet ist. Dadurch, dass der mechanisch bewegbare Teil des Wandlersystems von einer Blattfeder gehalten wird, wird eine reibungsfreie Führung des bewegten Teils erzielt, wobei durch die Ausgestaltung der Feder als Blattfeder lediglich eine Bewegung in einer einzigen Ebene zugelassen wird, sodass eine exakte Führung gewährleistet ist. Durch eine derartige Ausbildung können die Abstände zwischen dem beweglichen Bauteil und dem feststehenden Bauteil sehr klein gewählt werden, da durch die exakte Führung kaum Toleranzen zu berücksichtigen sind. Durch die Verwendung einer Blattfeder als Halteteil für den beweglichen Bauteil wird nach einer entsprechenden Auslenkung des Bauteils eine Schwingbewegung ausgeführt, sodass in der Induktionsspule magnetische Flussänderungen pro Zeiteinheit hervorgerufen werden und somit eine Spannung induziert wird. Die Charakteristik der Blattfeder kann hierbei so eingestellt werden, dass eine Wechselspannungsfrequenz von > 50 Hertz, insbesondere 50-100 Hertz, 100-200 Hz und/oder 200-300 Hz, erzeugt wird.Another embodiment of the energy converter, which is preferred for integration in the lock cylinder, provides that the movable component of the converter is driven by the movement of the key in the key channel of the lock cylinder. In particular, when the key is inserted, a collision occurs with the movably arranged part of the transducer system or with a driver that deflects the movably arranged part, which can oscillate freely after release, whereby electrical energy can be withdrawn from the system during each period of the oscillation process. It is preferably provided here that the movable component of the transducer is held by a leaf spring and closed Oscillating movements is arranged deflectable in only one plane. Because the mechanically movable part of the transducer system is held by a leaf spring, friction-free guidance of the moving part is achieved, with the design of the spring as a leaf spring only allowing movement in a single plane so that exact guidance is ensured. With such a design, the distances between the movable component and the stationary component can be selected to be very small, since hardly any tolerances have to be taken into account due to the exact guidance. By using a leaf spring as a holding part for the movable component, an oscillating movement is carried out after a corresponding deflection of the component, so that magnetic flux changes are caused per unit of time in the induction coil and a voltage is thus induced. The characteristics of the leaf spring can be set in such a way that an AC voltage frequency of> 50 Hertz, in particular 50-100 Hertz, 100-200 Hz and / or 200-300 Hz, is generated.

Es reicht im Rahmen der Erfindung aus, wenn der Energiewandler relativ wenig elektrische Energie erzeugt, weil auf Grund der durch die Erfindung erreichten verlustarmen Energieübertragung noch ausreichend elektrische Energie beim Verbraucher ankommt. Der Energiewandler ist hierbei bevorzugt im Schließzylinder oder einem mit dem Schließzylinder elektrisch verbundenen Element angeordnet und speist über die Infrarot-Energieübertragungsstrecke den Schlüssel mit elektrischer Energie und speist darüber hinaus auch die im Schließzylinder bzw. in dem mit dem Schließzylinder elektrisch verbundenen Element angeordneten Verbraucher, wie z.B. eine Zutrittskontrollschaltung zur Überprüfung der Zutrittsberechtigung, mit elektrischer Energie.In the context of the invention, it is sufficient if the energy converter generates relatively little electrical energy because, due to the low-loss energy transfer achieved by the invention, sufficient electrical energy still reaches the consumer. The energy converter is preferably arranged in the lock cylinder or an element electrically connected to the lock cylinder and feeds the key with electrical energy via the infrared energy transmission path and also feeds the loads arranged in the lock cylinder or in the element electrically connected to the lock cylinder, such as an access control circuit for checking access authorization with electrical energy.

Allgemein kann die Überprüfung der Zutrittsberechtigung im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung auf verschiedene Art und Weise erfolgen. Der Schlüsselbart des Schlüssels kann beispielsweise eine mechanisch abtastbare Codierung aufweisen, die eine Längsprofilierung des Schlüsselbarts und/oder an einer oder an zwei gegenüberliegenden Kanten des Schlüsselbarts eine Mehrzahl von aufeinander folgenden Erhebungen und Vertiefungen mit den Erhebungen jeweils zugeordneten Steuerkanten umfasst, die zum Betätigen von Sperrelementen, wie z.B. Stiftzuhaltungen, des Schießzylinders ausgebildet sind.In general, the checking of the access authorization can take place in various ways within the scope of the present invention. The key bit of the key can, for example, have a mechanically scannable coding which comprises a longitudinal profile of the key bit and / or on one or two opposite edges of the key bit a plurality of successive elevations and depressions with control edges associated with the elevations, which are used to actuate locking elements , such as Pin tumblers, of the shooting cylinder are formed.

Zusätzlich zur mechanisch abtastbaren Codierung oder alternativ hierzu können elektronisch codierte Berechtigungsinformationen vorgesehen sein. Die Erfindung ist zu diesem Zweck vorzugsweise derart weitergebildet, dass der Schlüssel einen elektronischen Speicher für Berechtigungsinformationen umfasst und dass der Schließzylinder oder ein mit diesem verbundenes Element eine Zutrittskontrollschaltung umfasst, wobei Datenübertragungsmittel vorgesehen sind, sodass die Zutrittskontrollschaltung in Abhängigkeit von den Berechtigungsinformationen den Zutritt freigibt oder sperrt.In addition to the mechanically scannable coding or as an alternative to this, electronically coded authorization information can be provided. For this purpose, the invention is preferably further developed in such a way that the key comprises an electronic memory for authorization information and that the lock cylinder or an element connected to it comprises an access control circuit, data transmission means being provided so that the access control circuit releases access as a function of the authorization information or locks.

Die Berechtigungsinformationen liegen beispielsweise als elektronischer Code vor, der von den Leseeinheiten des Schließzylinders elektronisch ausgelesen und hinsichtlich der Zutrittsberechtigung ausgewertet werden kann. Dabei ist nicht zwingend erforderlich, dass der elektronische Code tatsächlich übertragen wird. Vielmehr kann die Zutrittsberechtigung auch mittels eines Authentifizierungs- und/oder Identifizierungsprotokolls zwischen der Zutrittskontrollschaltung und dem Schlüssel ermittelt werden, d.h. mit kryptographische Verfahren, mit denen ohne Übertragung der sensiblen Codes festgestellt werden kann, ob der Schlüssel und die Zutrittskontrollschaltung über dasselbe Geheimnis verfügen, welches einer Zutrittsberechtigung entspricht.The authorization information is available, for example, as an electronic code which can be read out electronically by the reading units of the lock cylinder and evaluated with regard to access authorization. It is not absolutely necessary that the electronic code is actually transmitted. Rather, the access authorization can also be determined by means of an authentication and / or identification protocol between the access control circuit and the key, ie with cryptographic methods with which it can be determined without transmitting the sensitive codes whether the key and the access control circuit have the same secret which corresponds to an access authorization.

Unter Berechtigungsinformationen sind z.B. Identifikations- bzw. Zugangscodes und/oder Zutrittsbedingungen wie z.B. berechtigte Zutrittszeit, berechtigter Zutrittstag, berechtigtes Zutrittsdatum eines Benutzers und dgl. zu verstehen. Insbesondere werden die Berechtigungsinformationen von einem geheimen, schließzylinderindividuellen Schlüssel, d.h. einer den Schließzylinder identifizierenden Kennung, und optional einer zeitlichen Berechtigungseinschränkung gebildet.Authorization information includes e.g. Identification or access codes and / or access conditions such as to understand authorized access time, authorized access day, authorized access date of a user and the like. In particular, the authorization information is obtained from a secret key, which is individual to the lock cylinder, i.e. an identifier identifying the lock cylinder, and optionally a time restriction of authorization.

Die Datenübertragung zwischen dem Schlüssel und dem Schließzylinder, über welche die Berechtigungsdaten abgefragt werden, um die Zutrittsberechtigung festzustellen, kann grundsätzlich beliebig erfolgen. Besonders bevorzugt erfolgt die Datenübermittlung über eine Infrarot-Datenübertragungsstrecke zwischen dem Schlüssel und dem Schließzylinder, wobei die für die Energieübertragung bereits vorgesehenen Infrarot-Sende- und -Empfangselemente mitverwendet werden können. Eine bevorzugte Ausbildung der Erfindung sieht in diesem Zusammenhang vor, dass die Datenübertragungsmittel die Infrarot-Sende- und -Empfangselemente zwischen dem Schlüssel und dem Schließzylinder umfassen. Dabei wird der Vorteil des sehr geringen Strombedarfs für die über die Infrarot-Datenübertragung erfolgende Datenkommunikation genutzt. Alternativ können für die Energie- und Datenübertragung auch voneinander gesonderte Infrarot-Sende- und -Empfangselemente vorgesehen sein.The data transmission between the key and the lock cylinder, via which the authorization data are queried in order to determine the access authorization, can in principle take place as desired. The data is particularly preferably transmitted via an infrared data transmission path between the key and the lock cylinder, with the infrared transmitting and receiving elements already provided for the energy transmission being able to be used. In this context, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the data transmission means comprise the infrared transmitting and receiving elements between the key and the lock cylinder. The Benefit of the very low power consumption used for data communication via infrared data transmission. Alternatively, separate infrared transmitting and receiving elements can also be provided for the energy and data transmission.

Die für die Infrarot-Datenkommunikation schlüsselseitig erforderliche Elektronik kann vorzugsweise in der Reide des Schlüssels untergebracht werden.The electronics required on the key-side for infrared data communication can preferably be accommodated in the front of the key.

Alternativ können die Datenübertragungsmittel von den Energieübertragungsmitteln gesondert ausgebildet sein und z.B. zur induktiven drahtlosen, kapazitiven oder Funk-Übermittlung von Daten zwischen dem Schlüssel und dem Schließzylinder ausgebildet sein. Die Datenübertragung erfolgt dann beispielsweise mittels Nahfeldkommunikation, insbesondere nach dem RFID-, NFC-, JCOP (Java Card OpenPlatform) oder MIFARE DESFire-Standard. Alternativ kann die Datenübermittlung auch über elektromagnetische Wellen, d.h. über ein Funksystem, erfolgen.Alternatively, the data transmission means can be designed separately from the energy transmission means and e.g. be designed for inductive wireless, capacitive or radio transmission of data between the key and the lock cylinder. The data is then transmitted, for example, by means of near-field communication, in particular according to the RFID, NFC, JCOP (Java Card OpenPlatform) or MIFARE DESFire standard. Alternatively, the data can also be transmitted via electromagnetic waves, i.e. via a radio system.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen Fig. 1 einen Schlüssel in einer Seitenansicht, Fig. 2 den Schlüssel gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Vorderansicht und Fig. 3 einen Schließzylinder, in welchen der Schlüssel gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 einführbar ist.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. In this show Fig. 1 a key in a side view, Fig. 2 the key according to Fig. 1 in a front view and Fig. 3 a lock cylinder in which the key according to the Figs. 1 and 2 is insertable.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Schlüssel 1 dargestellt, der eine Reide 2 und einen Schlüsselschaft 3 umfasst. Der Schlüsselschaft 3 kann in herkömmlicher Weise mit einer Codierung versehen sein, wie z.B. eine mechanisch und/oder magnetisch abtastbare Codierung. An der Reide 2 weist der Schlüssel 1 nun erfindungsgemäß ein Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement auf, das im Falle eines Sendeelements als Infrarot-LED und im Falle eines Empfangselements als Fotodiode oder dgl. ausgebildet sein kann. Im Falle eines Infrarot-Sende- und -Empfangselements sind sowohl ein Sende- als auch ein Empfangselement vorgesehen, die entweder als zwei gesonderte, vorzugsweise nebeneinander angeordnete Bauteile ausgebildet sein oder in ein einziges Bauteil integriert sein können. Das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement kann beispielsweise an der mit 4 bezeichneten Stelle an der Reide 2 angeordnet sein oder an der mit 5 bezeichneten Stelle. In beiden Fällen weist das Sendeelement einen solchen Abstrahlungswinkel auf, dass der sich ergebende Abstrahlungskegel, insbesondere dessen Symmetrieachse, zum Empfangselement des Schließzylinders 6 gerichtet ist. Der Abstrahlungswinkel ist vorzugsweise eng gewählt, insbesondere kleiner 20°, vorzugsweise kleiner 10°, um den Energieverbrauch zu minimieren und den durch Streuung und dgl. nicht nutzbaren Strahlungsanteil zu reduzieren.In Fig. 1 a key 1 is shown which comprises a bow 2 and a key shaft 3. The key shaft 3 can be provided with a code in a conventional manner, such as a code that can be scanned mechanically and / or magnetically. Key 1 is on Reide 2 now, according to the invention, an infrared transmitting and / or receiving element which, in the case of a transmitting element, can be designed as an infrared LED and, in the case of a receiving element, as a photodiode or the like. In the case of an infrared transmitting and receiving element, both a transmitting and a receiving element are provided, which can either be designed as two separate components, preferably arranged side by side, or can be integrated into a single component. The infrared transmitting and / or receiving element can be arranged, for example, at the point marked 4 on the bow 2 or at the point marked 5. In both cases, the transmission element has such a radiation angle that the resulting radiation cone, in particular its axis of symmetry, is directed towards the reception element of the lock cylinder 6. The angle of radiation is preferably selected to be narrow, in particular less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 °, in order to minimize energy consumption and to reduce the portion of radiation that cannot be used due to scattering and the like.

In Fig. 3 ist ein Schließzylinder 6 dargestellt, der insbesondere als Europrofil-Zylinder ausgebildet ist. Der Zylinder kann aber z.B. auch als Schweizer Rundzylinder oder als skandinavischer Ovalzylinder ausgebildet sein. Der Schließzylinder 6 umfasst einen Zylinderkern 8, der einen Schlüsselkanal 12 aufweist und im Zylindergehäuse 7 drehbar gelagert ist. Die Drehbewegung des Zylinderkerns 8 ist gesperrt, bis die Anwesenheit eines berechtigten Schlüssels erkannt wird. Die Berechtigungsüberprüfung kann in beschriebener Weise elektronisch erfolgen. Mit der Drehbewegung des Zylinderkerns 2 ist eine nicht dargestellte Sperrnase gekoppelt, welche angeordnet ist, um einen Sperrriegel eines Schlosses oder dgl. zu betätigen. An der Stirnseite des Schließzylinders 6 ist nun ein Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement vorgesehen, das am Zylinderkern 8 angeordnet ist (Position 9 oder 10). Das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schließzylinders 6 ist dem Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schlüssels 1 im in den Schlüsselkanal 12 eingesteckten Zustand gegenüberliegend angeordnet, sodass bei Anordnung des Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselements des Schlüssels 1 an der Position 5 das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schließzylinders 6 bevorzugt an der Position 10 angeordnet ist. Bei Anordnung des Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselements des Schlüssels 1 an der Position 4 ist das Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselement des Schließzylinders 6 bevorzugt an der Position 9 angeordnet. In beiden Fällen weist das Sendeelement des Schließzylinders 6 einen solchen Abstrahlungswinkel auf, dass der sich ergebende Abstrahlungskegel, insbesondere dessen Symmetrieachse, zum Empfangselement des Schlüssels 1 gerichtet ist. Der Abstrahlungswinkel ist vorzugsweise eng gewählt, insbesondere kleiner 20°, vorzugsweise kleiner 10°, um den Energieverbrauch zu minimieren und den durch Streuung und dgl. nicht nutzbaren Strahlungsanteil zu reduzieren. Im in den Schlüsselkanal 12 eingeführten Zustand des Schlüssels 1 findet über die Infrarot-Sende- und/oder -Empfangselemente des Schlüssels 1 und des Schließzylinders 6 eine drahtlose Datenübertragung und/oder eine Energieversorgung insbesondere des Schlüssels 1 statt.In Fig. 3 a lock cylinder 6 is shown, which is designed in particular as a Euro profile cylinder. The cylinder can also be designed as a Swiss round cylinder or as a Scandinavian oval cylinder, for example. The lock cylinder 6 comprises a cylinder core 8, which has a key channel 12 and is rotatably mounted in the cylinder housing 7. The rotation of the cylinder core 8 is blocked until the presence of an authorized key is detected. The authorization check can be carried out electronically as described. With the rotation of the cylinder core 2, one is not Coupled locking lug shown, which is arranged to operate a locking bolt of a lock or the like. To operate. At the end of the lock cylinder 6, an infrared transmitting and / or receiving element is now provided, which is arranged on the cylinder core 8 (position 9 or 10). The infrared transmission and / or reception element of the lock cylinder 6 is arranged opposite the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the key 1 when it is inserted into the key channel 12, so that when the infrared transmission and / or reception element is arranged of the key 1 at the position 5, the infrared transmitting and / or receiving element of the lock cylinder 6 is preferably arranged at the position 10. When the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the key 1 is arranged at position 4, the infrared transmission and / or reception element of the lock cylinder 6 is preferably arranged at position 9. In both cases, the transmission element of the lock cylinder 6 has such a radiation angle that the resulting radiation cone, in particular its axis of symmetry, is directed towards the reception element of the key 1. The angle of radiation is preferably selected to be narrow, in particular less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 °, in order to minimize energy consumption and to reduce the portion of radiation that cannot be used due to scattering and the like. When the key 1 has been inserted into the key channel 12, the key 1 and the key 1 take place via the infrared transmission and / or reception elements Lock cylinder 6 a wireless data transmission and / or an energy supply, in particular the key 1 instead.

Claims (10)

  1. Access control device comprising a lock cylinder with a key channel formed in a rotatable cylinder core and a key that can be inserted into the key channel, the key and the lock cylinder comprising infrared transmitting and/or receiving elements for wireless energy and/or data transmission between the lock cylinder and the key, wherein the infrared transmitting and/or receiving element of the key (1) is arranged on the bow (2) of the key (1) and the infrared transmitting and/or receiving element of the lock cylinder (6) is arranged on the front side of the lock cylinder (6), characterized in that the infrared transmitting and/or receiving element of the lock cylinder (6) is arranged on the front side of the cylinder core (8).
  2. Access control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the infrared transmitting and/or receiving element of the key (1) is arranged on a side of the bow (2) that faces the front side of the lock cylinder (6) when the key (1) is inserted into the key channel (12).
  3. Access control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the infrared transmitting and/or receiving elements of the lock cylinder (6) and the key (1) are arranged so that the infrared transmission path between the infrared transmitting and/or receiving elements is less than 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm, particularly preferably less than 3 mm, when the key (1) is inserted into the key channel (12).
  4. Access control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a current or voltage source feeds the infrared transmitting and optionally receiving element of a component selected from the key (1) and the lock cylinder (6) and that the infrared receiving and optionally transmitting element of the other component selected from the key (1) and the lock cylinder (6) supplies an energy storage or an electrical consumer in the other component with electrical energy.
  5. Access control device according to claim 4, characterized in that the current or voltage source comprises an electrical energy storage, such as a battery, or an energy converter for converting kinetic energy into electrical energy.
  6. Access control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the key (1) comprises an electronic memory for authorization information and that the lock cylinder (6) or an element connected to it comprises an access control circuit, data transmission means being provided so that the access control circuit enables or blocks access depending on the authorization information.
  7. Access control device according to claim 6, characterized in that the access control circuit forms the electrical consumer and/or the energy storage feeds the access control circuit and/or the current or voltage source feeds the access control circuit with electrical energy.
  8. Access control device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the data transmission means comprise the infrared transmitting and/or receiving elements of the key (1) and of the lock cylinder (6).
  9. Access control device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the data transmission means are designed for inductive, capacitive or radio transmission of data between the key (1) and the lock cylinder (6).
  10. Lock cylinder for an Access control device according to one of claims 1 to 9.
EP17450007.4A 2016-08-04 2017-06-27 Access control device Active EP3279874B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA364/2016A AT518641B1 (en) 2016-08-04 2016-08-04 Access control device with infrared transmitting and / or receiving elements between lock cylinder and key

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3279874A1 EP3279874A1 (en) 2018-02-07
EP3279874B1 true EP3279874B1 (en) 2020-11-18

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EP17450007.4A Active EP3279874B1 (en) 2016-08-04 2017-06-27 Access control device

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EP (1) EP3279874B1 (en)
AT (1) AT518641B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2841530T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3521822A1 (en) * 1985-06-19 1987-01-02 Ymos Ag Ind Produkte Transmitter- and receiver-controlled locking device
DE3583614D1 (en) * 1985-12-03 1991-08-29 Fuss Fritz Gmbh & Co LOCKING DEVICE WITH ELECTRONIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM.
DE3606620A1 (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-03 Winkhaus Fa August ELECTRONIC DOOR LOCK
AT386449B (en) * 1986-05-22 1988-08-25 Grundmann Gmbh Geb Lock with a mechanical and electrical blocking mechanism
JP2539698B2 (en) * 1990-04-27 1996-10-02 株式会社アルファ Double lock device
US5507162A (en) * 1990-10-11 1996-04-16 Intellikey Corp. Eurocylinder-type assembly for electronic lock and key system
DE20107870U1 (en) * 2001-05-09 2002-09-19 Bks Gmbh, 42549 Velbert Rosette for an assigned locking cylinder

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
AT518641A4 (en) 2017-12-15
EP3279874A1 (en) 2018-02-07
ES2841530T3 (en) 2021-07-08
AT518641B1 (en) 2017-12-15

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