EP3279350A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines gegenstandes aus härtbarer aluminiumlegierung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung eines gegenstandes aus härtbarer aluminiumlegierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3279350A1
EP3279350A1 EP16182951.0A EP16182951A EP3279350A1 EP 3279350 A1 EP3279350 A1 EP 3279350A1 EP 16182951 A EP16182951 A EP 16182951A EP 3279350 A1 EP3279350 A1 EP 3279350A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminium alloy
raw product
hardenable
hardenable aluminium
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16182951.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3279350B1 (de
Inventor
Manoj Kumar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LKR Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen GmbH
Original Assignee
LKR Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen GmbH
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Application filed by LKR Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen GmbH filed Critical LKR Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen GmbH
Priority to EP16182951.0A priority Critical patent/EP3279350B1/de
Priority to ES16182951T priority patent/ES2783599T3/es
Publication of EP3279350A1 publication Critical patent/EP3279350A1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a method for producing an object made from a hardenable aluminium alloy.
  • the invention relates to a structured component obtainable by such a method.
  • a method for producing an object made from a heat treatable aluminium alloy comprising:
  • a method according to the invention allows for the production of crack-free objects from a hardenable heat treatable aluminium alloy.
  • the object may be a structured component for use in the automotive industry.
  • the method of the invention is also applicable to other parts which receive a certain shape by a forming process.
  • hardenable aluminium alloys are such aluminium alloys which are heat treatable.
  • Heat treatable aluminium alloys can be hardened by a first heat treatment at a higher temperature to dissolve precipitates within the matrix and a second heat treatment at lower temperature whereby new precipitates form.
  • the invention is based on the following considerations:
  • the work hardening behavior of heat treatable aluminium alloys can be significantly affected by the nature of precipitates.
  • the effect of shearable precipitates on work hardening has generally been considered in terms of the possibility of flow localization on a glide plane as the precipitate strength is decreased by the dislocation shearing process.
  • very high initial hardening rates are observed (i. e., dispersion hardening systems). This has been attributed to two fundamental mechanisms, namely, the storage of additional so-called geometrically necessary dislocations and the storage of elastic energy in the second-phase particles ( L. M. Cheng, W. J. Poole, J. D.
  • the solute elements form a solid solution that is known to improve the work hardening behavior primarily by making dynamic recovery a more difficult process. This may arise from multiple mechanisms, namely, changes in stacking fault energy due to alloying, solute drag effects on dislocation and so on ( L. M. Cheng, W. J. Poole, J. D. Embury, D. J. Lloyd, The influence of precipitation on the work-hardening behavior of the aluminum alloys AA6111 and AA7030, Metall. Mater. Trans. A. 34, 2003, 2473 , doi: 10.1007/s11661-003-0007-2). It is the concept of the invention to achieve a similar solid solution state in a heat treatable, hardenable aluminium alloy by dissolving the hardening precipitates by applying a suitable heat treatment directly before the forming process at low temperature.
  • the half-finished product of the heat treatable aluminium alloy is usually heated to an elevated temperature of 250 °C to 600 °C, in particular 300 °C to 450 °C. A very fast heating up to the elevated temperature is preferred.
  • the half-finish product of the hardenable aluminium alloy can be heated to an elevated temperature with a heating rate of at least 10 K/s.
  • the half-finished product of the hardenable aluminium alloy is held at the elevated temperature for a time up to 60 s, in particular up to 40 s.
  • the half-finished product of hardenable aluminium alloy is advantageously rapidly quenched to room temperature, preferably by cooling rates of more than 5 K/s, more preferably more than 10 K/s, in particular more than 20 K/s.
  • cooling rates of more than 5 K/s, more preferably more than 10 K/s, in particular more than 20 K/s.
  • the half-finished product of the hardenable aluminium alloy can be rapidly quenched by contact with a gas like air or a liquid.
  • a gas like air or a liquid.
  • liquids water or oils can be used.
  • the half-finished product of the hardenable aluminium alloy can be formed that the temperature below -190 °C.
  • liquid nitrogen can be used in order to cool directly or indirectly the half-finished product to a temperature of about -196 °C before the forming step is performed.
  • a hardening step by a heat treatment can be applied. This hardening can be performed during a paint bake cycle, in particular when producing an automotive part.
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to half-finished products of any shape.
  • the method is useful for forming half-finished products being sheets.
  • the method is applied to form an automotive component.
  • Fig. 1 a and 1 b flow curves of two sheets made from a non-heat treatable aluminium alloy AW-5182-O ( Fig. 1 a) and a heat treatable aluminium alloy AW-6016-T4 ( Fig. 1 b) are shown.
  • the sheets of the two different materials were formed at room temperature as well as low temperatures.
  • the sheet of the non-heat treatable alloy AW-5182-A it was possible to obtain crack free automotive components, namely a mini- B-pillar part, when formed at a temperature of -196 °C ( Fig. 2a ) whereas at room temperature cracks were observed ( Fig. 2b ).
  • the heat treatable, hardenable alloy AW-6016-T4 crack-free parts could neither be produced at room temperature nor at low temperatures.
  • Fig. 3 depicts schematically a process according to the invention for forming objects from a half-finished product like a sheet or a tube wherein the method is applicable to hardenable aluminium alloys in order to produce crack-free objects.
  • a half-finished product like a sheet, tube or another shaped product is provided.
  • the sheet is than exposed to a shock heat treatment as a second step.
  • the sheet material is heated with a heating rate of more than 10 K/s to reach a shock heat treatment temperature between 250 °C and 600 °C.
  • This fast heating can be performed by contact, laser, plasma, infrared, resistance and/or induction heating technologies.
  • the sheet is usually held for a predetermined holding time at the elevated temperature.
  • Typical holding times are in the range up to 60 s, preferably 20 s to 40 s.
  • the half-finished product is quenched to room temperature by applying a quenching medium like a gas or a liquid.
  • Typical quenching media are gas or water.
  • the quenched half-finished product is transferred to a tool which is cooled to a low temperature and allows for low temperature forming of the half-finished product to a structured component.
  • the tool can be cooled with liquid nitrogen in order to provide temperatures of about -196 °C for the forming process.
  • a structured component for example for use in automotive industry, is obtained.
  • the structural component can be exposed to a usual paint baking process.
  • the dissolution of hardening precipitates occurs mainly during the rapid heating step and further completes during the optional holding time. This process enriches the aluminium matrix with solutes which are trapped inside the matrix upon quenching down to room temperature.
  • enhanced work hardening behavior is achieved and in result the formability limit extended to higher levels as compared to the initial starting condition of the alloy. This is depicted in Fig. 4a for a sheet of an alloy AW-6016-T4 and in Fig. 4b for a sheet of an alloy AW-7075-T6. In both cases the shock heat treatment was performed by heating the sheets to a temperature of 400 °C and by applying a holding time of 30 s.
  • shock heat treatment to the half-finished product of the heat treatable aluminium alloy within a limited time before the forming operation is the fact that it is not necessary to take into account the effect of shelf life on the formability.
  • the instant method can be applied to variets products made from sheet metal, in particular automotive componence like your inner panels, door outer panels, side panels, inner hoods, outer hoods and/or trunk lid panels as well as A-pillars, B-pillars and C-pillars and other automotive parts.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
EP16182951.0A 2016-08-05 2016-08-05 Verfahren zur herstellung eines gegenstandes aus härtbarer aluminiumlegierung Active EP3279350B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16182951.0A EP3279350B1 (de) 2016-08-05 2016-08-05 Verfahren zur herstellung eines gegenstandes aus härtbarer aluminiumlegierung
ES16182951T ES2783599T3 (es) 2016-08-05 2016-08-05 Método para producir un objeto hecho de una aleación de aluminio endurecible

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16182951.0A EP3279350B1 (de) 2016-08-05 2016-08-05 Verfahren zur herstellung eines gegenstandes aus härtbarer aluminiumlegierung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3279350A1 true EP3279350A1 (de) 2018-02-07
EP3279350B1 EP3279350B1 (de) 2020-01-08

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EP (1) EP3279350B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2783599T3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11313010B2 (en) * 2017-08-25 2022-04-26 Imperial College Innovations Limited Method of forming parts from sheet metal

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4159217A (en) 1976-03-31 1979-06-26 Union Carbide Corporation Cryogenic forming
US4643779A (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-02-17 University Of Florida Method of making aluminum-lithium alloys with improved ductility
JPH0681066A (ja) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-22 Kobe Steel Ltd 極低温成形加工用Ａｌ−Ｍｇ−Ｓｉ系合金材

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4159217A (en) 1976-03-31 1979-06-26 Union Carbide Corporation Cryogenic forming
US4643779A (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-02-17 University Of Florida Method of making aluminum-lithium alloys with improved ductility
JPH0681066A (ja) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-22 Kobe Steel Ltd 極低温成形加工用Ａｌ−Ｍｇ−Ｓｉ系合金材

Non-Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FRITSCH S ET AL: "Cryogenic forming of AA7075 by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing // Kryogenes Umformen der Aluminiumlegierung EN AW-7075 durch ECAP", MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT UND WERKSTOFFTECHNIK, WILEY - V C H VERLAG GMBH & CO. KGAA, DE, vol. 43, no. 7, 1 July 2012 (2012-07-01), pages 561 - 566, XP002745180, ISSN: 0933-5137, [retrieved on 20120723], DOI: 10.1002/MAWE.201200001 *
G. FALKINGER; F. GRABNER; G. SCHMID; R. SCHNEIDER; R. J. GRANT: "Improved formability of AA5182 aluminium alloy sheet at cryogenic temperatures", MATER. TODAY PROC., vol. 2, 2015, pages 113
L. M. CHENG; W. J. POOLE; J. D. EMBURY; D. J. LLOYD: "The influence of precipitation on the work-hardening behavior of the aluminum alloys AA6111 and AA7030", METALL. MATER. TRANS. A., vol. 34, 2003, pages 2473
MARKUSHEV M V ET AL: "Microstructure and properties of an aluminum D16 alloy subjected to cryogenic rolling", RUSSIAN METALLURGY (METALLY), NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, MO, vol. 2011, no. 4, 17 August 2011 (2011-08-17), pages 364 - 369, XP019940538, ISSN: 1555-6255, DOI: 10.1134/S0036029511040136 *
P. A. FRIEDMAN; S. G. LUCKEY; W. B. COPPLE; R. ALLOR; C. E. MILLER; C. YOUNG: "Overview of superplastic forming research at ford motor company", J. MATER. ENG. PERFORM., vol. 13, 2004, pages 670
P. J. BOLT; N. A. P. M. LAMBOO; P. J. C. M. ROZIER: "Feasibility of warm drawing of aluminium products", J. MATER. PROC. TECHN., vol. 115, 2001, pages 118
X. FAN; Z. HE; S. YUAN; K. ZHENG: "Experimental investigation on hot forming-quenching integrated process of 6A02 aluminum alloy sheet", MATER. SCI. ENG. A., vol. 573, 2013, pages 154

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11313010B2 (en) * 2017-08-25 2022-04-26 Imperial College Innovations Limited Method of forming parts from sheet metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2783599T3 (es) 2020-09-17
EP3279350B1 (de) 2020-01-08

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