EP3277493A2 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum dreidimensionalen umformen von flächigem fasermaterial - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum dreidimensionalen umformen von flächigem fasermaterialInfo
- Publication number
- EP3277493A2 EP3277493A2 EP16727288.9A EP16727288A EP3277493A2 EP 3277493 A2 EP3277493 A2 EP 3277493A2 EP 16727288 A EP16727288 A EP 16727288A EP 3277493 A2 EP3277493 A2 EP 3277493A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compression
- punch
- guide
- draw unit
- holder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/26—Folding sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/44—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies
- B31B50/442—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies having several cooperating plungers and dies fitted on a rotating table or on moving chains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
- B31F1/0077—Shaping by methods analogous to moulding, e.g. deep drawing techniques
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/59—Shaping sheet material under pressure
- B31B50/592—Shaping sheet material under pressure using punches or dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/59—Shaping sheet material under pressure
- B31B50/594—Modifying the shape of tubular boxes or of paper bottle necks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
- B31F1/36—Moistening and heating webs to facilitate mechanical deformation and drying deformed webs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B47/00—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved
- B65B47/04—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved by application of mechanical pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/26—Folding sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/44—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by plungers moving through folding dies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for forming sheetlike fibrous material, in particular for producing three-dimensional molded parts and using the compression drawing.
- the use of fiber material for molded parts has been known for a long time, but because of the lack of quality of known and applied methods, it has become a niche existence without wider application.
- compression forming has been used to develop a process that makes it possible to produce molded parts of higher quality. In contrast to compression molding, the blank is clamped when pulled. This results in greater potential applications: Without a need for post-processing or lamination to mask quality defects, more cost-effective molded parts can be produced. These are now often used as packaging.
- thermoforming The transformation of plastic films and semi-finished products to 3-D moldings is done by the thermoforming process, which is often misunderstood in practice with the term thermoforming.
- the thermoforming of plastics is based on the heating of the material to a temperature in which the material has a pronounced flow behavior. The material is fixed on all sides and then drawn out of its thickness into the mold with the help of its plastic deformability (primarily elongation in the range of 30 - 300%).
- fluidic pressure media compressed air, vacuum
- the final shape is always formed by the pressure medium.
- the material is controlled to selectively reach its flow state preheated and cooled in the tools to solidify again.
- thermoforming includes, unlike thermoforming, forming from a flat blank without a targeted change in thickness. Accordingly, both processes are technologically fundamental different and also in the implementation in machines subject to different conditions.
- thermoforming machines and the pursued technological solutions for the forming of plastic films are not suitable for the forming of cardboard by compression drawing.
- paperboard does not show any pronounced flow behavior, in particular not with multiaxial stretching. Even with specially equipped special qualities only strains of 2 to 12% can be achieved.
- the deep drawing of sheet metal is from the basic point of view, the compression drawing of cardboard more similar than the thermoforming.
- a flat blank is clamped, the blank is clamped with a hold-down device and a defined force is applied.
- the stamp usually pulls the material cold into the drawing ring. Due to the state of stress, flow sets in the material, which compensates for the geometric excess of material. The material is only used up to the yield point, so that wrinkles and tears are prevented.
- the drawing gap (between the punch and the drawing ring) is greater than the material thickness. The surface contact with the drawing ring is dissolved immediately after deformation in order to avoid the extremely high friction further.
- the wrinkles extend to below the fold holder and ensure a strong thickening with higher molding.
- Dehydration of the fiber material is a central task in compression drawing to achieve new bonds in the cellulosic fiber structure and to minimize shape deviation. These are the Ziehbüchse and their exposure to the molded part under compression of importance.
- the shrinkage of the material usually leads to adhesion of the molding to the stamp, which leads to the need for a technical stripping solution.
- the inhomogeneity, anisotropy and hygroscopicity of the material as well as the compression in the thickness direction as a specific process basis make a completely different working method of compression drawing machines, based on the specific material behavior, necessary.
- the adoption of peculiarities and solutions from the more remote areas thermoforming or deep drawing of metal is generally not possible despite purely external similarities and does not take place in practice.
- the document DE 10 2013 107 932 A1 describes a method for three-dimensional forming of flat material such as natural fibers, especially paper or cardboard, by compression drawing, here still referred to as deep drawing according to previously common, but ambiguous terminology. It is also provided that a bottom of the molding is calibrated or stamped during manufacture, that the material is moistened and heated before, during or after the forming. The aim of this is to increase the suppleness of the material, resulting in the formation of very small wrinkles. In addition, a previously moistened cut of fiber material is easier to reshape. In addition, if necessary, a subsequent expansion of the cylindrical mold body is provided, if the ultimately desired shape deviates from the cylindrical shape.
- the document DE 10 2013 107 931 A1 describes a very similar method, but the sheet material is not present as a blank, but this is made only in an introductory step of a roll of material.
- packaging machines molding machines or molding, filling or forming, filling and sealing machines
- packaging machines molding machines or molding, filling or forming, filling and sealing machines
- the object of the invention is therefore to achieve the transition of the method and its specifics to a continuous operation, to minimize the time of the machine cycle, while taking into account the specific requirements of the drawing process in order not to generate restrictions in quality and design freedom, and a To design a machine for the high-speed range above an output of 150 moldings per minute.
- Another object of the device according to the invention is to minimize the size of the forming unit as the core element of a continuous machine such that the entrainment of repeatedly executed, in particular similar forming units on a rotary, possible and the spatial freedom for inserting and centering the blank when engaging two Rotary is created into each other and at the same time the high demands on accuracy of the tool movements to each other and rigidity of the arrangement are met.
- the object is achieved by a device for three-dimensional forming of a flat fiber material by compression drawing, wherein the fiber material is preferably supplied as a flat blank. It is a continuous way of working provided by at least one part processing device, wherein at least one Kompressionsziehü or other forming unit, such. B. a Nachformiki is included, and their arrangement, in several sub-processing facilities and the arrangement to each other, are provided in such a way that the molded part and its precursors or semifinished at substantially the same process speed during processing and, if available, between the individual sub-processing facilities moved on.
- the forming takes place in several stages, optionally with reshaping in a separate step by spreading, expansion (for example by thermoforming) or by pre- and / or downstream embossing of individual regions or zones of the molded part. It may be advantageous to provide an upstream or intermediate conditioning by supplying heat energy and / or moisture. Compression drawing is a highly frictional process in which a lightly cracking, hygroscopic and inhomogeneous material with low intrinsic strength is reformed. These properties require a particularly gentle operation and arrangement of movements, which is made correspondingly difficult in high-speed machines by high accelerations, mass inertia and resulting vibrations and limits in particular discontinuous procedures.
- At least one part-processing device which is provided for performing at least one of the operations of forming or post-forming is provided for performing a D-movement ,
- a working organ for example, a compression pulling device, carried along during the power stroke at the web speed and then returned outside the track back to the site for the preparation of a new power stroke.
- This solution is particularly suitable for a linear arrangement of the individual parts processing facilities and facilitates because of the partially parallel leading movement, the transfer of moldings from a part of processing device to another, downstream in the cycle of the forming process.
- At least one part processing device is designed as a rotary.
- the work organs for the intended processing step which are usually arranged in the vicinity of the circumference of the rotary traveler, in the respective part processing facilities from a circular motion. This is easy to produce, easy to store, requires less machine cost, and is more dynamic to master.
- At least one transfer device for transferring a molded part or one of its precursors, such as the blank or a partially shaped molded part, to a rotary runner is provided.
- a blank is transferred from a punching device to a rotary machine having the compression drawing device which performs the compression drawing operation during the revolution.
- a further processing step is provided, in turn take place by a transfer device, a removal of the preformed intermediate stage of the molding of a rotary and a transfer to another rotary.
- a further processing of the molding for example, a continuation of the compression drawing process, a conditioning or a reshaping or embossing.
- the transfer device is designed as a separate device, but alternatively connected to at least one of the rotary or integrated into this.
- the transfer device preferably achieves a positioning accuracy of ⁇ 1 mm.
- the generation of a section-wise parallel movement for the simplified transfer of a molded part instead of a large rotary runner, which includes one or preferably also several processing steps one after the other at its circumference, it is also intended to divide one processing step into more than one rotary runner or to concentrate individual work steps in each case on a smaller rotary runner.
- the arrangement of several rotors successively with the transfer of the molding or its precursors between these rotors, as described above, has the advantage that a smaller space requirement is present and the individual rotors have a lower mass.
- roller storage which acts on the blank, an intermediate molding or the molding before forming
- moistening device preferably integrated in the preheating device or the tool heating system or at least of this includes
- tool heating system heating of tools such as pleat holders, compression drawing or embossing tools by an integrated or supplemented heating device
- pleat holder coating device, demoulding device and / or post-forming device.
- the moistening device is designed to emit aerosol, steam or superheated steam.
- very small droplets can be produced, which only wet the surface without penetrating too deeply into the fiber material.
- advantageous surface properties are produced, which facilitate the compression drawing process, but at the same time soften the fiber material in its entirety or in too great depth, which was associated with losses of strength and other disadvantages.
- such targeted, superficial moistening also enables quick and easy drying of the molded part.
- drying device and heating which serve as a tool heating system integrated into at least one tool for conditioning the molded part, are designed as a common device.
- a ceramic heater for this purpose, preference is given to using a ceramic heater, a pulse heater or a vibration-based heater.
- a compression draw unit suitable for use in a device as described above, comprising the fold holder and a device for guiding the fold holder, wherein the device is movable in an axis in the direction of movement of the pleat holder or the punch.
- the guide or the approved movement is provided relative to a frame.
- the means for guiding the pleat holder is arranged at least partially concentric with the guide of the punch relative to the pleat holder, and wherein the Kompressionsziehü has a punch drive and a single, preferably spaced from the axis of movement of the plunger Faltenhalterantrieb.
- Stamp drive and Faltenhalterantrieb are in this case both connected to a stator with the frame, while a runner of the Faltenhalterantriebs with the fold holder and a rotor of the punch drive is connected to the stamp.
- the drives of the fold holder and punch are arranged concentrically, wherein z. B. one of the drives, in particular the Faltenhalterantrieb having a hollow rotor, in the interior of the punch drive finds room.
- the pleat holder drive then has to apply a force which corresponds to the sum of the pulling force and the pressing force of the pleat holder.
- a single and beyond also less stable guide, since no eccentric force on the fold holder must be compensated.
- Another concentric drive solution provides that both punch drive and Faltenhalterantrieb with the respective stator are connected to the frame, so that the forces that occur during clamping and pulling, directly over the frame are derived.
- a first guide bushing and a second guide bushing are provided.
- the axes of rotation of the first and the second guide bushing are parallel to each other and the guide bushes are spaced from each other.
- Both guide bushes are each connected to a first end face with a frame.
- a first, along the axis of rotation of the first guide bushing movably arranged guide cylinder is arranged, which is connected at an end face with the pleat holder.
- a second, along the axis of rotation of the second guide bushing movably arranged guide cylinder is provided, which is connected at one end face with the pleat holder, wherein the plunger within the second guide cylinder along the axis of rotation of guide bush, Guide cylinder and punch is guided longitudinally movable.
- the Faltenhalterantrieb is connected to the first guide cylinder.
- the aim of the device according to the invention is to minimize the size of the forming unit as a core element of a continuous machine in such a way that it is possible to carry multiple forming units that are executed on a rotary machine.
- the unit must be so resistant to tension, pressure and torsion that the required accuracies are guaranteed within the forming unit, even with maximum process forces that can be considerable in the compression of cardboard, so that a modular replacement is possible and Strain load is minimized.
- the device according to the invention has only one drive for the fold holder, while according to the prior art, two synchronously running drives were provided, which should ensure an absolutely necessary uniform pressure of the facts holder on the blank.
- stresses due to possible asynchronisms of the two drives are recorded, which are typical when using electric drives, because by digital synchronization always creates a deviation. Even the slightest deviation can lead to high stresses on the mechanism, which then lead to the loss of parallelism and thus the uniform force distribution when clamping the pleat holder, but at least to increased bearing load and thus increased wear.
- the arrangement of the drives of stamp and fold holder is selected in a line and rotatory operation, z. B. on a rotary, the forming units are radially aligned. This achieves the maximum possible pitch on the circumference and either more units can be arranged at 360 ° or the diameter of the rotary can be minimized. This is accompanied by a saving of space and improvements in dynamic behavior.
- the unit is advantageously designed so that a plurality of identical or similar forming units can be arranged on the circumference of a rotor. Preference is given to this the frame is designed in the pitch angle in order to make optimum use of the available space.
- the stamp is centrally stabilized in the preferred embodiment in the form of an integrated guide together with the fold holder and does not require a separate guide carriage, as is the case with known solutions.
- the punch can be performed directly in the inner part of one of the guide bushes of the pleat holder, for example, by a rolling or sliding bearings or only by the guide bush itself. For this it is advantageous if they z. B. made of brass.
- the solution of the invention, the stamp is supported friction.
- the support can be limited to the first part of the course of movement of the stamp. This results in a short cylindrical guide surface and consequently a low height of the entire unit.
- the punch is designed so long that the guide or support is maintained throughout the entire punch stroke, which is possible for example by a correspondingly longer design of the punch. In this case, the whole unit builds up a bit higher.
- the unilateral loading of the fold holder on bending by the single, unilateral drive resulting from the arrangement according to the invention is achieved by the guide arranged in parallel, namely the first and the second guide cylinders, which are guided in the first and the second guide bushes. While the use of two guide bushings embodies the preferred embodiment, the invention is not so limited but includes more than two guide bushings. This can be advantageous if a low overall height is required and short guide lengths to be compensated by additional guides.
- One of the two guides in the preferred embodiment is concentrically combined with the punch axis in the sense of a linear bearing and stabilizes in this way the Faltenhalter Structure additional.
- the rigidity is through increases a close arrangement of the guide bushes on the pleat holder and thus manages to ensure a uniform distribution of the pressure on the blank.
- Electric cylinder is provided to allow the work on continuous machines, especially in rotationally guided forming units.
- Electric energy can be transmitted via a slip ring, inductive, capacitive or otherwise over a distance on the movably arranged forming units and their co-moving electrical drives.
- an opening angle is provided which allows at least the rotary transfer of the blank from a rotary machine with the same diameter.
- the entire forming unit is preferably modular and can be disassembled and replaced separately from the other units of the rotary. It has proven to be advantageous if the stamp head and drawing bush are completely thermally insulated from the frame in order to minimize heating and the associated undesired effects, in particular the thermal change in length.
- a demoulding device which is preferably designed as a cutting device combined with a wiper, comprising a wiping edge. Trimming the molding removes an uneven, hard-to-grip edge that might otherwise slip past a scraping edge. As a result, it is thus avoided that an uneven molding edge formed during compression drawing can fall below the scraping edge. By thus creating a trimmed edge, stripping is facilitated.
- a Entformungseinnchtung for exerting fluid pressure, which is preferably introduced by the stamp, or vacuum provided on the molded part.
- fluid pressure which is preferably introduced by the stamp, or vacuum provided on the molded part.
- a fluid for example Air to push away from the stamp.
- a vacuum with which the molding is sucked from the outside of the stamp on which it is clamped.
- a right angle between the bottom and the wall of the molded part is necessarily produced by compression drawing, so that a cylindrical shape is produced in the case of a round cross section.
- a molded part will be called cylindrical below.
- Deviating forms for example a conical cup shape or a bulge, are to be created after the compression drawing by subsequent expansion.
- embossing or other complementary shapes serves the Nachform Sk.
- a Nachform Sk having a medium, preferably a fluid, or a membrane, which are pressurized to produce a deviating from the cylindrical shape of the molding.
- a medium or membrane exerted pressure against the walls of the molded part and thus pressed into a mold arranged around the mold.
- a vacuum may also suck the molding against the mold disposed about the molding.
- the molding receives the intended final shape in the context of each applied post-forming.
- the object is further achieved by a method for three-dimensional forming of a sheet-like fiber material using a compression drawing process, wherein partial processing facilities operate continuously and the molding and its precursors moves at substantially the same process speed during processing and between the individual parts processing equipment.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a forming system according to the invention as a process scheme and with the arrangement of the components;
- Fig. 2 Schematic representation of an embodiment of a Kompressionsziehü invention with controlled Faltenhalter
- Fig. 3 Schematic representation of an embodiment of a stripping device according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows schematically an embodiment of a compression draw unit according to the invention in side view
- Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a detail of the compression draw unit
- FIG. 6 shows schematically a perspective view of an embodiment of a module according to the invention of a forming unit
- Fig. 7 schematically a perspective view of an embodiment of a partial processing device according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a forming system 1 according to the invention as a process diagram and with the arrangement of the components provided in the exemplary case.
- the forming plant 1 is used for continuous, so stop-free production of hollow moldings primarily from fiber-based materials such as paper, cardboard, paperboard, nonwovens and their structural or layer composites with polymers.
- the process performed in the forming plant 1 is characterized in particular by
- Fig. 2 also referred to as a draw sleeve, according to a rigid stamp 21.
- Fig. 2 the compression of the material in the drawing die 22 and the tracking of the material in the drawing die 22.
- a special feature of the method according to the invention is a controlled, defined folding force for folding control, d. H. with which force the fold holder 23 (FIG. 2) loads the blank 1 1 during clamping.
- the material inlet into the drawing die 22 can also be controlled over the course of the process, in particular there is no jamming of the material of the blank 1 thickening under the drawing die 22.
- the shaped body 15 intended for further shaping is heated , by a tool heating system 24 or, as in the blank 1 1, preferably by means of a separate preheater 25, by contact heating and / or pulse heating and / or vibration-based heating.
- a support of the deformation behavior and a fixation of the molded body 15 can be achieved in an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention with the aid of vibration superimposed tools, in particular compression drawing tools.
- the fold holder can also be segmented and the segments be individually controllable to allow a zonal influence on the drawing process, especially by a locally metered fold holding force.
- a force control or, more preferably, a force control is provided.
- the compression pulling operation as a combination of pulling against the main container direction to the formation of the soil over Forming degrees of embossing addition and then pulling in the opposite direction provided.
- the fixation of the final shape is carried out by pressing in the negative or positive mold and / or by specific activation and / or displacement and entanglement of certain material components, including additives (AKD, ASA, wax, starch) and / or natural polymers (lignin, Hemicellulose, cellulose) and / or admixed polymeric components such as Polymer fibers, polymeric fillers or sheaths conventional mineral fillers and / or combined fiber-polymer compounds (sheathed fibers, fibers with retracted polymer components o. ⁇ .) Made.
- the activation of the material components results in the formation of mechanical and / or chemical bonding mechanisms.
- the forming plant 1 according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 further comprises the following components:
- Preparation devices such as devices for pre-grooving also finest patterns of the blanks (not shown);
- a feeding device 5 for a blank 1 1 which is synchronized to match the application of the forming unit 1 and ensures a slip-free, defined and positionally accurate transfer of the thin blank 1 1 fiber-based material in a take-over rotor 6;
- a takeover rotor 6, which ensures the transfer of the blank 11 into the circular motion and on which a preheating device 25 for preheating and / or a moistening device 26 for moistening the blank 11 can be subjected to defined, controlled or regulated conditioning of the fiber-based material;
- a transfer device 7 which transfers the blank 1 1 from take-over rotor 6 in a Umformrundtechnikr 8, which then transforms the drawing process with rigid tools, such as a punch 21 and a drawing die 22 as shown in FIG. 2, and / or by hydroforming the molding 15 and with it in one alternative embodiment also comprises the combined method of drawing / thermoforming or drawing / hydroforming;
- the mode of operation of the compact forming unit is preferably acting on both sides (in the pulling direction and previously against the pulling direction), optionally further Umformrundtechnikrn that take over the continuous reshaping in the form of a calibration, the expansion, embossing or fixation of the final shape individually or in combinations.
- at least one preheater 25 and / or one humidifier 26 are provided.
- the postforming units are compact and executed several times according to the machine output,
- an intermediate or subsequent rotary former intermediate or downstream of the first and / or second forming rotor, which is used to divide the degrees of deformation to provide more time for the deformation of the material
- a transfer device between the rotors either blank or intermediate or molded at the tangential transition point passes from one to the other rotary and allows a precise positioning in each subsequent tool and thus an orderly transfer.
- This device is preferably integrated directly in the rotary or can also be integrated in the compact forming unit, a demolding device 30 in all compact forming units, which allows a damage-free removal and at the same time ensures a defined position within the machine sequence.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional representation of an embodiment of a forming unit, a compression draw unit 20, 20 'according to the invention with controlled fold holder 23.
- the force acting on the blank 1 1 between the fold holder 23 and the draw die 22 (see arrows in FIG Wrinkle holder 23), controlled or preferably regulated in terms of force control or regulation.
- the tensile forces on the material of the molding 15 and the blank 1 1 are metered so that the compression drawing process is optimized.
- the force is variable over the course of the compression drawing process. This is particularly advantageous because at the end of the Kompressionsziehvorgangs out more material accumulates at the inlet into the drawing die 22 and this accumulation of material at a fixed fold holder 23, as is known in the prior art, can lead to jamming. This is avoided by a controlled, preferably regulated, particularly preferably force-controlled or force-controlled fold holder 23.
- the drawing die 22 is also heated in the illustrated embodiment, to which a tool heating system 24 is provided, integrated into the material of the drawing die 22, wherein other types of attachment are provided, such as the attachment to the inner or the outer side facing the molding.
- stamp 21 and / or fold holder 23 are heated or heated.
- the molded part 15 just formed which has been formed by the compression drawing, is fixed in its shape. This is done, for example, by changes in the fiber structure. Was the blank 1 1 previously moistened, this takes place at the same time a drying and further solidification of the material.
- Particularly advantageous is a pulse-like heating, for example, pulse-like heating by means of ultrasound. This has the advantage that energy must be applied only at the moment of exposure. A permanent heating is very inefficient.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic, partially cutaway view of an embodiment of a demoulding device 30 according to the invention, here as a combination of mechanical and fluidic demoulding.
- a demoulding device 30 here as a combination of mechanical and fluidic demoulding.
- fluid channels 32, in partial section on the punch 21 to recognize, and Abstreifkanten 33 are provided.
- Abstreifkanten 33 are provided.
- the forming radius 27 is marked.
- the molded part 15 encloses the punch 21 after the compression drawing operation (see arrow illustration on the punch 21 in FIG. 2) and does not slide away from it by itself.
- the demolding is supported alternatively or additionally by a fluid, for.
- air which is passed through the fluid channels 32 to the bottom and / or the side wall of the molding 15. Characterized the molding 15 is pushed away from the punch 21 and also slightly widened so that it adheres less strongly to the punch 21 and is easier to strip.
- a rigid frame 108 includes a lower level into which the die die 22 is inserted in an aperture, and an upper level at which the punch drive 110, the fold holder drive 112, and further a first and second guide bush 104, 106 with their first Front side are arranged, wherein they form together with the guide cylinders 124, 126 means for movably guiding the fold holder 100.
- the second end faces of the guide bushes 104, 106 are connected to the pleat holder 23.
- the pleat holder 23 is guided along the axes of the cylinders 104, 106 by the guide cylinders 124, 126 movably disposed within the guide bushes 104, 106 so that the pleat holder 23 is always exactly parallel to the lower plane of the frame 108 and longitudinally movable along the axes.
- This exact parallel position is important to keep a blank clamped between the lower level of the frame 108 and the fold holder 23 with uniform force on all sides before being drawn into the draw gap between the punch and the drawing die 22.
- the double guide with the first guide bushing 104 and the second guide bushing 106 provides for this uniform force, even if the Faltenhalterantrieb 1 12 is arranged outside the axis of the punch drive 1 10 flying.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a sectional view of a detail of the compression draw unit 20 ', in particular the two guide bushings 104, 106, and the frame 108 with the upper level 108a and the lower level 108b, the latter receiving the drawing die 22.
- the first guide bush 104 which is connected to the upper level 108a of the frame 108, comprises in its interior the first guide cylinder 124, which is guided there cylindrically. It is driven via the Faltenhalterantrieb 1 12, to which it is connected and of which only a piston rod in the detail view is partially visible.
- the first guide cylinder 124 is in turn connected to the fold holder 23, so that it is driven via the fold holder drive 1 12 and guided vertically movable.
- the pleat holder 23 extends further between the planes 108a and 108b to below the second guide bushing 106, inside which the second guide cylinder 126 can be seen. This is not driven itself, but is passively moved by the associated fold holder 23.
- the punch 21 is guided, driven by the punch drive 1 10, of which, however, only the piston rod and this is only partially visible here.
- the punch drive 1 10 For a stroke of the compression draw unit 20 'according to the invention, first a blank, for example cardboard, is inserted into the gap between the fold holder 23 and the lower level 108b of the frame 108. Thereafter, the pleat holder drive 1 12 pushes the pleat holder down, so that the blank is clamped on the lower level 108 b of the frame 108.
- the punch 21 is driven by the punch drive 110, and pulls the blank into the drawing nip which circumferentially surrounds the punch dipped in the drawing die 22 around its circumference and designates the space between the punch 21 and the drawing die 22 so that the forming takes place.
- the drawing gap is dimensioned so that a compression of the material takes place.
- Fig. 6 shows a compression draw unit 20 'in perspective view, which forms a module 130 of a forming unit in the illustrated embodiment.
- the frame 108 can be seen with a tapered end. Due to the rejuvenation several compression draw units can be arranged in a circle and preferably also designed to be easily interchangeable.
- Such an arrangement shows the schematic perspective view in Fig. 7, in which twelve modules 130 are arranged in a circle, which forms a part processing device 8, 9, designed as Umformrundtechnikr.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015105099.4A DE102015105099A1 (de) | 2015-04-01 | 2015-04-01 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum dreidimensionalen Umformen von flächigem Fasermaterial |
| PCT/DE2016/100154 WO2016155710A2 (de) | 2015-04-01 | 2016-04-01 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum dreidimensionalen umformen von flächigem fasermaterial |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3277493A2 true EP3277493A2 (de) | 2018-02-07 |
| EP3277493B1 EP3277493B1 (de) | 2021-08-04 |
Family
ID=56108424
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16727288.9A Active EP3277493B1 (de) | 2015-04-01 | 2016-04-01 | Kompressionszieheinheit und vorrichtung zum kompressionsziehen eines flächigen fasermaterials |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3277493B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102015105099A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016155710A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017123309A1 (de) * | 2017-10-06 | 2019-04-11 | Technische Universität Dresden | Vorrichtung zum Kompressionsziehen von flächigem Fasermaterial |
| EP4100245A1 (de) * | 2020-02-07 | 2022-12-14 | PulPac AB | Formwerkzeugsystem und verfahren zum formen eines zelluloseprodukts in einem formwerkzeugsystem |
| DE102020115546A1 (de) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-16 | Technische Universität Dresden, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts | Flanschstabilisator für ein Formteil aus Faserwerkstoff, Formteil, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formteils und Verwendung eines Flanschstabilisators |
| EP3995304A1 (de) | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-11 | Technische Universität Dresden | Formteil, polstermittel, kernschicht und verfahren zur herstellung eines formteils |
| CN115924212B (zh) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-09-06 | 温州安创机械科技有限公司 | 一种具有分段成型式纸托加料机构的双纸包装机 |
| DE102022130532A1 (de) | 2022-11-18 | 2024-05-23 | Krones Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fasern umfassenden Behälters und Vorrichtung zum Ausführen des Verfahrens |
| DE102023115826A1 (de) * | 2023-06-16 | 2024-12-19 | Kiefel Gmbh | Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung von faserhaltigem Material, Vorbehandlungskammer und Faserformanlage |
| DE102023128972B3 (de) | 2023-10-20 | 2025-03-20 | Syntegon Technology Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verpackungselements |
| DE102024107432A1 (de) * | 2024-03-15 | 2025-09-18 | Kiefel Gmbh | Verfahren und Formwerkzeug zur Herstellung von Formteilen sowie zur Erzeugung eines Hinterschnitts und/oder einer Verjüngung in einem Formteil aus einem faserhaltigen Material |
| DE102024108936A1 (de) | 2024-03-28 | 2025-10-02 | Optima consumer GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2120328A (en) * | 1933-01-31 | 1938-06-14 | Plax Corp | Method of shaping sheet material |
| CH349480A (de) * | 1954-09-27 | 1960-10-15 | Bahlsen Werner | Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Herstellen von Faltbehältern |
| DE1429015B2 (de) * | 1960-05-23 | 1972-03-02 | ESBE Plastic Dinkelsbuhl Brummer KG, 8804 Dinkelsbuhl | Vorrichtung zum ausschneiden von teilstuecken aus einer folie aus kunststoff |
| FR2229612A1 (en) * | 1973-05-15 | 1974-12-13 | Thomas Roger | Packaging machinery for making filled and decorated tubs - having a fully integrated sequence of operations |
| US4576566A (en) * | 1980-12-16 | 1986-03-18 | Champion International Corporation | Apparatus for forming a paperboard receptacle |
| NL8500720A (nl) * | 1984-05-22 | 1985-07-01 | Highland Supply Corp | Systeem voor het vormen van voorwerpen. |
| FI20085702A7 (fi) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-05 | Stora Enso Oyj | Menetelmä kartonkipohjaisen muotokappaleen valmistamiseksi ja siihen soveltuva muotti |
| JP6101000B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-30 | 2017-03-22 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | 紙成形体を製造する方法及びその装置 |
| DE102013107931A1 (de) | 2013-07-24 | 2015-01-29 | Pester Pac Automation Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Umformen eines flachliegenden Materials |
| DE102013107932A1 (de) | 2013-07-24 | 2015-01-29 | Pester Pac Automation Gmbh | Verfahren zum dreidimensionalen Umformen von flächigem Material |
-
2015
- 2015-04-01 DE DE102015105099.4A patent/DE102015105099A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-04-01 DE DE112016001468.6T patent/DE112016001468A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-04-01 EP EP16727288.9A patent/EP3277493B1/de active Active
- 2016-04-01 WO PCT/DE2016/100154 patent/WO2016155710A2/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2016155710A2 (de) | 2016-10-06 |
| DE102015105099A1 (de) | 2016-10-06 |
| WO2016155710A3 (de) | 2017-01-26 |
| DE112016001468A5 (de) | 2017-12-21 |
| EP3277493B1 (de) | 2021-08-04 |
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