EP3271591B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un corps alvéolaire - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un corps alvéolaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3271591B1
EP3271591B1 EP16700798.8A EP16700798A EP3271591B1 EP 3271591 B1 EP3271591 B1 EP 3271591B1 EP 16700798 A EP16700798 A EP 16700798A EP 3271591 B1 EP3271591 B1 EP 3271591B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
accumulator
foam material
foam
pressure
pressure accumulator
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16700798.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3271591A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Kloft
Herbert Baltes
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Hydac Technology GmbH
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Hydac Technology GmbH
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Publication of EP3271591A1 publication Critical patent/EP3271591A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/086—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor the gas cushion being entirely enclosed by the separating means, e.g. foam or gas-filled balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3152—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means the flexible separating means being bladders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3154—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means the flexible separating means being completely enclosed, e.g. using gas-filled balls or foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/41—Liquid ports
    • F15B2201/411—Liquid ports having valve means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/60—Assembling or methods for making accumulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a foam body for a pressure accumulator, such as a hydraulic accumulator, whose bubble-shaped or membrane-shaped, elastically flexible separating layer within the accumulator separates two media spaces from one another, in particular a gas working space from a liquid space.
  • a pressure accumulator such as a hydraulic accumulator, whose bubble-shaped or membrane-shaped, elastically flexible separating layer within the accumulator separates two media spaces from one another, in particular a gas working space from a liquid space.
  • a pressure accumulator consisting of at least one accumulator housing, which has at least one connection for a pressure medium, in particular in the form of a fluid, which can be stored in the accumulator housing, a filler material having cavities or at least one cavity being introduced at least partially in the accumulator housing forms for the at least partial absorption of this pressure medium, the interior of the storage housing being completely filled with the filler material, so that the filler material contacts a wall of the storage housing over the entire surface.
  • the filling material is designed as foam, in particular polyurethane foam
  • density differences within the foam material can be generated by repeated injection or foaming.
  • a gradient-like structure of the foam material would advantageously be possible in such a way that a very dense material is used on the input side of the storage device, which is then increasingly visible open-pore or less dense, changes towards the opposite side of the storage case.
  • an increased resistance can then be built up in such a way that the barrier property of the foam or another filling material is correspondingly increased.
  • a pressure accumulator in the form of a hydraulic accumulator is known with at least one elastomeric separating element, preferably in the form of a separating membrane or separating bladder, which divides the accumulator housing into at least two working spaces, one of which has a pressure medium, in particular in the form of a liquid, and the other takes up the further pressure medium, in particular in the form of a working gas, such as nitrogen gas, a foam-like filler material which is delimited or enclosed by the separating element being at least partially introduced into the storage housing.
  • a working gas such as nitrogen gas
  • the filling material which in turn preferably consists of a polyurethane foam material, can be introduced into the storage as a solid mold block with a predeterminable volume degree, the filling material then leaving a cavity, at least within the storage housing, which is free with the respective one Working medium (liquid and / or gas) can be filled.
  • the filler material is introduced into the cavity of the respective accumulator housing of a pressure accumulator in an already hardened cellular structure in the manner of an open-pored foam molded block.
  • a high storage capacity for the memory modified in this way is achieved, and furthermore the stiffness of the damping during operation of the memory can be adjusted accordingly influence.
  • a homogeneous temperature profile for the working media to be introduced and removed is achieved in the operation of the storage.
  • the introduction of the already foamed, that is cured, foam and filler material, possibly together with the storage bladder, into the storage regularly causes problems, since the free insertion openings of the respective storage housing are kept small due to the system, so that damage to the foam and / or cannot be avoided on the elastomer material of the separating layer during insertion into the storage housing.
  • the DE 29 47 258 A1 discloses a method for producing a foam body for a pressure accumulator, the bubble-shaped, elastically flexible separating layer of which separates two media spaces from one another within the memory housing, with at least the following production method steps: introducing a flowable, preferably liquid, foam material into the pressure accumulator, which is at least partially from the Separation layer is surrounded; and curing the foam material in the pressure accumulator.
  • the DE 1 240 264 discloses a foam body.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object To create pressure accumulator that helps to avoid the disadvantages described while maintaining the advantages in the prior art such as the increased storage capacity and the temperature and pressure stability, which can therefore be designed in a technically reliable and functionally reliable manner and which can be produced with little effort and inexpensively.
  • a related problem is solved by a method for producing such a pressure accumulator with the features of claim 1 in its entirety.
  • no already prepared foam is introduced into the pressure accumulator with its separating layer in the form of a block, but rather a flowable, preferably liquid foam material which, after it has been introduced into the pressure accumulator while the separating layer is expanded at the same time as it is curing, during its curing process , expanded state in the reservoir forms the finished foam block in situ, so that all the essential steps of foam production in the direction of the finished state in the reservoir take place directly and immediately and not outside the same.
  • the pressure gradient to be built up in order to widen the separating layer from an initial state in the direction of its final state can be supported by gravity, that is to say the liquid foam material introduced at least partially widens the separating layer due to its weight; This process mainly takes place due to an increase in volume when the foam material cures and the associated void cell formation.
  • the bubble-shaped or membrane-shaped separating layer is expanded by means of the hardening foam material introduced into the pressure accumulator while building up the pressure gradient associated therewith until a valve present on the liquid side of the accumulator, in particular in the form of a poppet valve , is closed. Due to the mentioned functional position of the valve, an easily verifiable statement can then be made as to whether there is sufficient foam material in the memory after the curing process or not yet, which can trigger a further refilling process as described above.
  • the initially flowable, in particular liquid, foam material is sprayed or injected into the storage housing with the separating element by means of a lance-shaped insertion device.
  • a lance-shaped insertion device Preferably, one free end of the entry device opens into the upper half of the pressure accumulator and is so far guided in the gas working space of the accumulator, the entry device also penetrating the gas connection of the accumulator and being connected with its other free end to an admixing device for the foam material.
  • the foam material that has not yet cured can be introduced into the pressure accumulator in a very targeted manner, and after the insertion device has been removed from the accumulator, the curing process for the foam material can take place undisturbed.
  • components of the flowable, in particular liquid, foam material are fed to the mixing head via at least two supply lines connected to the mixing head, in order then to be fed into the gas working space of the storage device in a predefinable mixing ratio via the lance-shaped input device To be introduced, which is separated from the liquid space of the memory via the separating layer.
  • the lance-shaped entry device can also be rotated about its longitudinal axis within the storage body by means of the mixing head, so that a uniform foam material entry takes place in the direction of the separating layer of the storage device, with the Entry device can also be arranged a plurality of dispensing nozzles at predeterminable discrete distances from one another in order to allow the entry to be equalized. Furthermore, it is possible, seen in the longitudinal direction of the store, to change the effective axial entry length, if necessary, in order to be able to cover different store sizes.
  • the hydraulic accumulator 10 shown in the figures is designed as a bladder accumulator, the elastically flexible, in particular deformable accumulator bladder 12 separating two media spaces from one another within a pressure accumulator housing 14, in particular a gas working space 16 from a liquid space 18, which in the later operating state of the accumulator 10 once accommodates one Working gas, in particular in the form of nitrogen gas, serve or the absorption of hydraulic oil.
  • the storage housing 14 is essentially in one piece and bottle-shaped and preferably consists of a steel material or die-cast material, wherein the storage housing 14 can also be formed from a wound plastic laminate (not shown in more detail), which is technically referred to as a liner structure.
  • the storage bladder 12 forms the bubble-shaped, elastically flexible separating layer of the storage 10 and is in accordance with the representations according to FIGS 1 and 2 composed of sub-segments, in particular vulcanized together.
  • the construction of the storage bladder 12 in sub-segments is particularly advisable when the pressure storage housing 14 has a correspondingly large length when viewed in the axial length of the hydraulic accumulator 10.
  • the storage housing 14 has two openings 20, 22 on its opposite end sides, the lower opening 20 serving to accommodate a conventional closing valve, such as a poppet valve 24, and the upper opening 22 is provided with a closing valve device 26 (cf. 2 and 3 ), which serves the later supply of the working gas and, if necessary, enables refilling with the working gas. Otherwise, the closing valve device 26 usually remains closed during operation of the memory. Is the poppet valve 24 in an open position, as in the 1 and 2 shown, the working fluid, regularly in the form of hydraulic oil, can reach the liquid space side 18 of the reservoir 10 and be stored there until the stored pressure and / or in the hydraulic circuit (not shown) to which the reservoir 10 can be connected Filling quantity in turn is required.
  • a conventional closing valve such as a poppet valve 24
  • the upper opening 22 is provided with a closing valve device 26 (cf. 2 and 3 ), which serves the later supply of the working gas and, if necessary, enables refilling with the working gas. Otherwise, the closing valve device 26 usually remains closed during operation
  • the method of operation corresponds to the usual storage mode, so that it will not be discussed in more detail here.
  • the storage bladder 12 is in its fully elongated or expanded state, as in FIG Fig. 3 shown, the storage bladder 12 presses with its lower end under frictional engagement on the poppet valve 24 and closes the valve.
  • An entry pressure of the liquid medium which is greater than the counter pressure in the storage bladder 12 is then necessary on the fluid side of the reservoir in order to be able to accomplish an opening process for the poppet valve 24 in this way.
  • an admixing device designated as a whole with 30, which includes a statically or dynamically working mixing head 32, which according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG Fig. 1 has two feed lines 34 connected to the mixing head 32 and is to be placed on the reservoir 10 to be filled from the outside.
  • a lance-shaped input device 36 is connected to it, which has one free end in the upper half of the pressure accumulator 10 and leads out into the gas working space 16, and with its other end it passes through the upper opening 22 of the storage housing 14 , which is provided for the later inclusion of the closing valve device 26.
  • the foam material is as shown in the Fig. 1 in the region of the lower end of the lance of the insertion device 36, this is provided with corresponding spray or nozzle openings (not shown in more detail) in order to achieve a uniform foam entry into the interior of the storage device.
  • the foam components which can be supplied via the respective feed line 34 form a flowable mixture of polyols, isocyanate, catalysts, retarders, crosslinkers and stabilizers and, if appropriate, water in the mixing head 32.
  • the catalysts can be amine catalysts or tin catalysts.
  • Diglycolamine is particularly preferably used as the crosslinking material.
  • amino compounds, butanediol and alcohols can also be used. Silicone compounds have proven themselves as stabilizer input material.
  • the foam material components can also be supplemented by commercially available flame retardants.
  • the individual components mentioned above can be combined with one another in advance via the feed lines 34 and added to the mixing head 32 for further entry into the storage bladder 12; However, there is also the possibility of feeding the components, preferably one after the other, separately to the mixing head 32, which then initiates the mixing and the entry via the entry device 36.
  • a flexible polyurethane (PU) foam 38 is formed, which extends over the filler material or the additional component is crosslinked in the form of the crosslinker diglycolamine.
  • the special polyol used essentially produces the elastic foam behavior and the high resilience of the introduced hardened foam 38.
  • the preferably open-cell foam 38 has a resilience of 97% to 98% and the 3-D structure of the foam 38 mentioned ensures the optimum Heat transfer.
  • the still liquid foam material 28 is accumulated in the lower end of the storage bladder 40 with the amount of entry required individually for the respective storage type and then the storage 10 is closed in a pressure-tight manner via the closing valve device 26 at the upper end. Because of the introduced components of the foam material 28, this then hardens and increases in volume up to the final state as shown in FIG Fig. 3 , in which the poppet valve 24 is then closed.
  • the foam material 28 hardens in the pressure accumulator 10
  • a pressure gradient is built up, in which the rapidly hardening foam material 28 separates the separating layer in the form of the storage bladder 12 from the originally partially filled initial state as shown in FIG Fig.
  • the desired density for the finished foam 38 ranges between 50 g / dm 3 to 150 g / dm 3 .
  • the thermal capacity of the PU foam 38 should be> 1 J / gK at 20 ° C, particularly preferably take a value between 1.4 J / gK and 1.9 J / gK, the latter value corresponding to an operating temperature of about 120 ° C. If the introduced PU flexible foam 38 is mixed with a flame retardant, the heat capacity can also be increased in this way, in particular if the flame retardant is introduced into the foam 38 as a solid.
  • the flow resistance which is a measure of the porosity of the foam 38, should preferably be within a range of values between 1400 and 3800 Ns / m 3 .
  • the elasticity of the foam 38 is such that the foam 38 can be compressed by 40% of the maximum possible foam volume entry when the store 10 is ready for operation. Higher values are possible. If a dry inert gas is used on the gas work space side 16, such as nitrogen, helium, argon, xenon, CF 4 or SFe, a degree of crosslinking of the PU feed material of> 90% and no volatile component results in a temperature resistance that is between -40 ° C to 140 ° C.
  • a dry inert gas such as nitrogen, helium, argon, xenon, CF 4 or SFe

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de production d'un corps alvéolaire d'un accumulateur (10) de pression, comme un accumulateur hydraulique, dont la couche (12) de séparation en forme de vessie ou de membrane et cédant élastiquement sépare, à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe (14) de l'accumulateur, l'un de l'autre deux compartiments pour des fluides, un compartiment (16) pour du gaz de travail d'un compartiment (18) pour du liquide, comprenant au moins les stades de procédé de production suivants :
    - introduction dans l'accumulateur (10) de pression d'un matériau (28) alvéolaire apte à s'écouler, de préférence liquide, qui est entouré, au moins en partie, de la couche (12) de séparation,
    - durcissement du matériau (28) alvéolaire dans l'accumulateur (10) de pression, et ainsi
    - établissement d'un gradient de pression, pour lequel le matériau (28) alvéolaire durcissant à vue d'œil élargit la couche (12) de séparation d'un état initial empli partiellement à l'origine en direction d'un état final, dans lequel l'accumulateur (10) est rempli finalement complètement de la mousse (38) durcie.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on élargit, avec établissement du gradient de pression qui s'ensuit, la couche (12) de séparation, au moyen du matériau (28) alvéolaire introduit dans l'accumulateur (10) de pression et durcissant, jusqu'à fermeture d'une soupape, notamment d'une soupape (24) à disque présente dans le compartiment (18) pour du liquide de l'accumulateur (10).
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on pulvérise ou projette dans l'accumulateur (10) de pression le matériau (28) alvéolaire apte à s'écouler, notamment liquide, au moyen d'un dispositif (36) d'introduction constitué en forme de lance que l'on fait passer par son extrémité libre dans la moitié supérieure de l'accumulateur (10) de pression en le faisant déboucher dans le compartiment (16) pour du gaz de travail, et en le faisant pénétrer ainsi dans le raccord (20) pour du gaz de l'accumulateur (10), et dont l'autre extrémité libre est raccordée à l'extérieur de l'accumulateur (10) de pression à un dispositif (30) de mélange.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moyen du dispositif (30) de mélange, constitué sous la forme d'une tête (32) de mélange fonctionnant de manière dynamique ou statique, par au moins deux conduits (34) d'apport raccordés à la tête (32) de mélange, on apporte à celle-ci des constituants du matériau (28) alvéolaire apte à s'écouler, notamment liquide, pour ensuite les introduire, en un rapport de mélange pouvant être donné à l'avance, de manière adéquate, par le dispositif (36) d'apport constitué en forme de lance, dans le compartiment (16) pour du gaz de travail de l'accumulateur (10).
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit de la manière suivante les constituants individuels à mélanger entre eux au moyen du dispositif (30) de mélange pour produire le matériau (28) alvéolaire apte à s'écouler, notamment liquide :
    - polyols, notamment sous la forme de polyéther-polyol à longue chaîne ;
    - agents porogènes, notamment sous forme d'eau ; et
    - réticulants, notamment sous la forme de diglycolamine, complété de préférence de :
    - catalyseurs, notamment sous la forme de catalyseurs à base d'amine et/ou de catalyseurs à l'étain ;
    - agents retardants ;
    - agents anti-flamme ; et
    - stabilisants, notamment sous la forme de composés de silicone.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on constitue le matériau (38) alvéolaire durci in situ dans l'accumulateur (10) de pression en cellule ouverte, ayant une reprise élastique sous la forme d'une structure en 3D de 97 à 98%.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit la masse volumique du matériau (38) alvéolaire durci entre 50 g/dm3 et 150 g/dm3 par litre de volume d'apport de matériau (28) alvéolaire apte à s'écouler, notamment liquide.
  8. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit la capacité calorifique du matériau (38) alvéolaire durci à 20°C > 1 J/Gk.
  9. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit la résistance et l'écoulement de la mousse (38) entre 1400 et 3800 Ns/m3.
  10. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit la résistance à la température dans une vessie (12) d'accumulateur fermée en tant qu'élément de séparation cédant élastiquement et en utilisant du gaz inerte sec comme gaz de travail introduit dans le compartiment (16) de gaz de travail de l'accumulateur (10) entre -40°C et 140°C.
  11. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'en raison de la vitesse de moussage choisie avec incorporation des valeurs de gradient de pression, on obtient au moussage des cellules dans la mousse (38) finie de l'ordre de grandeur de 0,01 mm3 à 375 mm3.
EP16700798.8A 2015-03-20 2016-01-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un corps alvéolaire Active EP3271591B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015003673.4A DE102015003673A1 (de) 2015-03-20 2015-03-20 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schaumkörpers
PCT/EP2016/000073 WO2016150535A1 (fr) 2015-03-20 2016-01-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un corps alvéolaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3271591A1 EP3271591A1 (fr) 2018-01-24
EP3271591B1 true EP3271591B1 (fr) 2020-08-05

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US (1) US10641295B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3271591B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6756723B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN107407295A (fr)
DE (1) DE102015003673A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016150535A1 (fr)

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CA3198360A1 (fr) * 2020-10-07 2022-04-14 Performance Pulsation Control, Inc. Cartouche de stabilisateur

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Publication number Publication date
WO2016150535A1 (fr) 2016-09-29
CN107407295A (zh) 2017-11-28
DE102015003673A1 (de) 2016-09-22
US20180038391A1 (en) 2018-02-08
JP6756723B2 (ja) 2020-09-16
JP2018511009A (ja) 2018-04-19
US10641295B2 (en) 2020-05-05
EP3271591A1 (fr) 2018-01-24

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