EP3268568B1 - Tête d'excavation - Google Patents

Tête d'excavation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3268568B1
EP3268568B1 EP16719129.5A EP16719129A EP3268568B1 EP 3268568 B1 EP3268568 B1 EP 3268568B1 EP 16719129 A EP16719129 A EP 16719129A EP 3268568 B1 EP3268568 B1 EP 3268568B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
fact
excavated material
main face
excavation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16719129.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3268568A1 (fr
Inventor
Silvano PALMIERI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Palmieri SpA
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Palmieri SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by Palmieri SpA filed Critical Palmieri SpA
Publication of EP3268568A1 publication Critical patent/EP3268568A1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an excavating head.
  • the heads of known type are usually operated in rotation by means of a driving machine, which makes them rotate around a vertical axis gradually as the excavation progresses in depth.
  • heads are in use having a plurality of excavation tools arranged staggered and a central opening crossed by a suction pipe able to aspirate the excavated material.
  • the height difference increases between the head and the external environment at the top of the excavation, making aspiration more difficult and expensive from an energy point of view.
  • coring consists in the removal of soil by means of a special tool machine, known to the person skilled in the art as core drill.
  • the core drill comprises a drilling tool, having a hollow cylindrical body, terminating with a diamond cutter made of high strength material and able to abrade the soil to be excavated.
  • the core drill is usually driven in rotation by means of a driving machine, which makes it rotate around a vertical axis as the excavation progresses in depth.
  • the excavated material gets stuck inside the cylindrical body as it penetrates into the soil; this means that the excavated material accumulates inside the cylindrical body, forming a core of excavated material that must be removed for the recovery of the excavation operations.
  • the core drill is extracted from the excavation and the core of excavated material is deposited on the outer surface at the top of the excavation; this allows the core drill itself to be reinserted into the soil and the continuation of the works.
  • coring enables the removal of small amounts of excavated soil at a time, leading to long working times and to reduced productivity.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to devise an excavating head which allows removing large amounts of excavated material.
  • Another object of the present invention is to devise an excavating head which allows increasing the removal speed of the excavated material, considerably reducing working times and increasing the overall productivity of the head itself.
  • Another object of the present invention is to devise an excavating head which allows to overcome the mentioned drawbacks of the prior art within the ambit of a simple, rational, easy, effective to use and affordable solution.
  • reference number 1 globally indicates an excavating head.
  • the head 1, in particular, allows performing dry excavations.
  • dry excavations excavations that take place in the absence of water, or in terrestrial conditions in the absence of water tables.
  • the head 1 comprises an attachment element 2 to a driving machine to place the head itself in rotation.
  • the attachment element 2 is a flange with bolting holes 3.
  • the flange 2 can be coupled to a corresponding flanged plate 4 equipping the driving machine.
  • the placing in rotation takes place around a central axis 5 of the head 1, which also identifies the direction of excavation 6.
  • the central axis 5 is vertical and the direction of excavation 6 is downwards.
  • the direction of excavation 6 can be horizontal, in which case the head 1 is used in an operative configuration wherein the central axis 5 is horizontal.
  • the head 1 comprises a plate-shaped body 7 connected to the attachment element 2 and having a first main face 8 and a second main face 10.
  • the plate-shaped body 7 is a substantially circular plate coaxial to the central axis 5.
  • the first main face 8 is facing to the excavation front 9 and the second main face 10 is opposite to the first main face and is connected to the attachment element 2.
  • excavation front is meant the margin defined by the material to be excavated, along the direction of excavation 6.
  • the plate-shaped body 7 is substantially horizontal and the first main face 8 is lower than the second main face 10.
  • the head 1 comprises at least an excavation tool 11 associated with the plate-shaped body 7 so as to protrude at least in part, and downwards, from the first main face 8.
  • the plate-shaped body 7 comprises a plurality of excavation tools 11.
  • each excavation tool 11 is housed at least in part within a housing seat 12 formed in the plate-shaped body 7.
  • each excavation tool 11 emerges (i.e. protrudes) from the first main face 8 for at least one-twentieth of its volume.
  • the excavation tools 11 have variable shape and size according to the type and dimensions of the excavation.
  • the excavation tools 11 are composed of a substantially cylindrical or frusto-conical body having a sharp or abrasive outer surface.
  • the excavation tools 11 are mounted idle on the plate-shaped body 7.
  • each excavation tool 11 is associated with the plate-shaped body 7 by means of axial pins 13 separate and parallel to each other which allow its free rotation around a central axis of symmetry of the excavation tool 11.
  • the excavation tools 11 are arranged asymmetrically with respect to the central axis 5 and have axes of rotation with different inclinations according to their position on the plate-shaped body 7.
  • the excavation tools 11 arranged in the proximity of the central axis 5 have the axis of rotation substantially coplanar to the first main face 8, whereas the excavation tools 11 arranged peripherally to the plate-shaped body 7 have the axis of rotation inclined with respect the first main face 8, i.e. arranged neither vertically nor horizontally.
  • the head 1 comprises suction means 14, 15, 16 of the excavated material 17 associated with the plate-shaped body 7.
  • the suction means 14, 15, 16 comprise a storage chamber 14 of the excavated material 17.
  • the plate-shaped body 7 has a lateral perimeter of a substantially circular shape from which extends a side wall 18 of the storage chamber 14 which, advantageously, has a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the side wall 18 can be lifted upwards with respect to the plate-shaped body 7 to allow the excavated material 17 to exit.
  • said storage chamber 14 has an open upper portion 19 and a closed lower portion 20.
  • the closed lower portion 20 comprises a storage surface 21 of the excavated material 17 adjacent to the second main face 10 and defining the bottom of the storage chamber itself.
  • the storage surface 21 has a substantially frusto-conical shape and is symmetrical to the central axis 5.
  • the convexity of the frusto-conical storage surface 21 is facing upwards and, in other words, the storage surface 21 is higher in the proximity of the central axis 5, where the upper base of the truncated cone is defined, and lower in the proximity of the side wall 18, where the lower base of the truncated cone is defined.
  • the suction means 14, 15, 16 also comprise at least an extraction pipe 15 of the excavated material 17 crossing the plate-shaped body 7 from side to side and terminating in the storage chamber 14.
  • the suction means 14, 15, 16 comprise a plurality of extraction pipes 15, even if different embodiments cannot be ruled out having a single extraction pipe.
  • the extraction pipes 15 have a substantially circular section.
  • the extraction pipes 15 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis 5.
  • Each extraction pipe 15 has a first portion 22 for the inlet of the excavated material 17 which is arranged on the first main face 8 and a second portion 23 for the discharge of the excavated material 17 which is arranged above the storage surface 21.
  • the extraction pipes 15 extend vertically starting from the first main face 8 and have a variable extension depending on the height of the storage chamber 14.
  • the extraction pipes 15 In the proximity of the second portion 23, on the other hand, the extraction pipes 15 have a curved profile 24 that changes the orientation of the pipes themselves.
  • the second portions 23 have a diffuser element 25 able to spread the excavated material 17 on the storage surface 21.
  • each diffuser element 25 is joined to the curved profiles 24, which enables the diffuser elements 25 to direct and distribute the excavated material downwards.
  • each diffuser element 25 is directed in a radial manner with respect to the central axis 5.
  • each diffuser element 25 and its curved profile 24 are directed along a radius joining the central axis 5 to the side wall 18.
  • the diffuser elements 25 are facing, with respect to the central axis 5, partly towards the outside and partly towards the inside of the storage chamber 14.
  • suction means 14, 15, 16 comprise an introduction pipe 16 for the forced introduction of pressurized air in the proximity of the excavation front to generate a pressing force able to push the excavated material 17 through the extraction pipes 15.
  • the introduction pipe 16 has a substantially tubular shape and coaxial to the central axis 5.
  • the introduction pipe 16 crosses the storage surface 21 and has a first extremity 26 associated with the attachment element 2 and a second extremity 27 associated with the second main face 10.
  • the introduction pipe 16 is associated with the side wall 18 of the storage chamber 14 by interposition of union and centering means 28, 29.
  • the union and centering means 28, 29 comprise a plurality of reinforcing ribs 28 associated with the introduction pipe 16 and a plurality of locking elements 29 associated internally with the storage chamber 14 and able to lock the reinforcing ribs 28.
  • the head 1 comprises three reinforcing ribs 28 equally spaced from each other; this ensures to keep the introduction pipe 16 in position during the excavation operations.
  • each reinforcing rib 28 has, with respect to the central axis 5, a proximal extremity associated with the introduction pipe 16 and a distal extremity associated by interlocking with the corresponding locking element 29.
  • the head 1 comprises a through central hole 30 crossing the plate-shaped body 7 between the first main face 8 and the second main face 10. Conveniently, the central hole 30 is arranged substantially mating the second extremity 27.
  • the central hole 30 coincides with two housing seats 12 of the excavation tools 11; this means that the pressurized air passes through the housing seats 12, lapping the excavation tools 11.
  • the present invention also relates to an excavating method comprising the following steps of:
  • the collection of the excavated material in the storage chamber allows the use of compressed air without reaching excessively high values of pressure that would result in considerable energy consumption. Thanks to the collection chamber, in fact, the excavated material must not be inconveniently pushed to the outer surface of the excavation, but it goes back to the top only by a portion equal to the height of the extraction pipes before arranging in the storage chamber itself.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Tête d'excavation (1), comprenant :
    - au moins un élément de fixation (2) à une machine d'entraînement pour mettre ladite tête (1) en rotation autour d'un axe central (5) ;
    - au moins un corps en forme de plaque (7) relié audit élément de fixation (2) et possédant au moins une première face principale (8) et au moins une seconde face principale (10) l'une à l'opposé de l'autre, ladite première face principale (8) faisant face au front d'excavation (9) et ladite seconde face principale (10) faisant face audit élément de fixation (2) ; et
    - au moins un outil d'excavation (11) associé audit corps en forme de plaque (7) de manière à faire saillie au moins partiellement de ladite première face principale (8) ;
    - des moyens d'aspiration (14, 15, 16) du matériau excavé (17) associés audit corps en forme de plaque (7) et comprenant :
    - au moins une chambre de stockage (14) dudit matériau excavé (17) ;
    - au moins un tuyau d'extraction (15) dudit matériau excavé (17) traversant d'une face à l'autre ledit corps en forme de plaque (7) et aboutissant dans ladite chambre de stockage (14) ;
    caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens d'aspiration (14, 15, 16) comprennent au moins une conduite d'introduction (16) pour l'introduction forcée d'air pressurisé à proximité dudit front d'excavation (9) et pour générer une force d'appui apte à pousser ledit matériau excavé (17) à travers ledit tuyau d'extraction (15).
  2. Tête (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit corps en forme de plaque (7) possède un périmètre latéral de forme circulaire depuis lequel s'étend ladite chambre de stockage (14) avec une forme sensiblement cylindrique.
  3. Tête (1) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite chambre de stockage (14) comprend une surface de stockage (21) dudit matériau excavé (17) adjacente à ladite seconde face principale (10).
  4. Tête (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite surface de stockage (21) a une forme sensiblement tronconique et est symétrique par rapport audit axe central (5).
  5. Tête (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite conduite d'introduction (16) traverse ladite surface de stockage (21) et possède une première extrémité (26) associée audit élément de fixation (2) et une seconde extrémité (27) associée à ladite seconde face principale (10).
  6. Tête (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un trou central traversant (30) traversant ledit corps en forme de plaque (7) entre ladite première face principale (8) et ladite seconde face principale (10), ledit trou central (30) étant agencé pour coïncider sensiblement avec ladite seconde extrémité (27).
  7. Tête (1) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit tuyau d'extraction (15) possède une première portion (22) pour l'admission dudit matériau excavé (17) agencée sur ladite première face principale (8) et une seconde portion (23) pour l'évacuation dudit matériau excavé (17) agencée au-dessus de ladite surface de stockage (21).
  8. Tête (1) selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que ladite seconde portion (23) possède un élément diffuseur (25) apte à répartir ledit matériau excavé (17) sur ladite surface de stockage (21).
  9. Tête (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que ledit élément diffuseur (25) est dirigé de manière radiale par rapport audit axe central (5).
  10. Tête (1) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens d'aspiration (14, 15, 16) comprennent une pluralité desdits tuyaux d'extraction (15) agencés symétriquement par rapport audit axe central (5).
  11. Tête (1) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une pluralité desdits outils d'excavation (11), dont chacun est logé au moins partiellement à l'intérieur d'un siège de logement (12) formé dans ledit corps en forme de plaque (7).
  12. Procédé d'excavation, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :
    a) fournir une tête d'excavation (1) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes ;
    b) excaver le sol au moyen de ladite tête d'excavation (1) pour obtenir une excavation verticale (31), le matériau excavé (17) étant collecté dans ladite chambre de stockage (14) ;
    c) extraire ladite tête d'excavation (1) de ladite excavation verticale (31) ;
    d) évacuer le matériau excavé (17) de ladite chambre de stockage (14) vers une surface à l'extérieur de ladite excavation verticale (31) ;
    e) répéter les étapes de b) à d) jusqu'à atteindre une profondeur prédéterminée.
EP16719129.5A 2015-03-12 2016-03-11 Tête d'excavation Active EP3268568B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMO20150055 2015-03-12
PCT/IB2016/051386 WO2016142909A1 (fr) 2015-03-12 2016-03-11 Tête d'excavation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3268568A1 EP3268568A1 (fr) 2018-01-17
EP3268568B1 true EP3268568B1 (fr) 2019-05-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16719129.5A Active EP3268568B1 (fr) 2015-03-12 2016-03-11 Tête d'excavation

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EP (1) EP3268568B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016142909A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998010170A1 (fr) * 1996-09-03 1998-03-12 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Procede d'excavation de tunnels et excavatrice de tunnels

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3967463A (en) * 1974-08-05 1976-07-06 The Robbins Company Continuous tunnel boring machine and method
JPS63125799A (ja) * 1986-11-13 1988-05-28 川崎重工業株式会社 シ−ルド式トンネル掘削機
US5626201A (en) * 1993-09-20 1997-05-06 Excavation Engineering Associates, Inc. Disc cutter and method of replacing disc cutters
KR20110133517A (ko) * 2010-06-05 2011-12-13 유재호 신 수직갱 굴착장치 및 확공 굴착방법
KR101401981B1 (ko) * 2012-12-27 2014-05-30 (주)성풍건설 수직갱 굴착장치

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998010170A1 (fr) * 1996-09-03 1998-03-12 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Procede d'excavation de tunnels et excavatrice de tunnels

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Publication number Publication date
WO2016142909A1 (fr) 2016-09-15
EP3268568A1 (fr) 2018-01-17

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