EP3259093A1

EP3259093A1 - Fastening element

Info

Publication number: EP3259093A1
Application number: EP16705054.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Dieter Mauer
Original assignee: Ejot GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Ejot GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2015-02-16
Filing date: 2016-02-03
Publication date: 2017-12-27
Also published as: JP2018509299A; US20180036833A1; CN107438493A; WO2016131655A1; DE102015202776A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastening element (10) for connecting to a component (12), wherein the fastening element (10) comprises a flange with drive structures, wherein a connection region is formed on the flange, through the fusing of which the fastening element (10) can be fastened to the component (12) by friction welding, wherein the fastening element (10) comprises a shaft which is arranged on the side of the flange opposite the connection region. The fastening element (10) further comprises a guide region between shaft and connection region in the axial direction, which comprises a guide surface, which comprises at least one segment of an outer surface, which is associated with a cone which broadens in the direction of the connection region. The invention is characterised in that the guide region has a flat surface on the end thereof facing towards the shaft, wherein the extension of the flat surface in a radial direction is greater than the diameter of the shaft.

Description

fastener

The invention relates to a fastening element having a shank according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a tool for setting such a fastening element according to the preamble of claim 1.

DE 20 2004 014 071 U1 relates to a generic fastening element which comprises a flange with a connection region for attachment to a component. Furthermore, the

Fixing element on the side facing away from the connecting portion of the flange on a shaft. In order to connect the fastening element to a component, it is provided that a drive tool with a tubular pressure piece, which is pushed over the shaft region, applies an axial force to the flange surface. About a recording, the fastener is fixed in rotation rectification and can be welded by rotation of the drive tool with the device.

The pressure piece ensures that the bolt rotates without impact and thus uniformly rotates about its axis of rotation, which lies on the shaft axis.

This arrangement has the disadvantage that a very accurate vote of the inner diameter of the pressure piece on the shaft diameter is necessary to ensure the intended function. An insertion aid in the form of a conical bevel facilitates in this design the fitting of the precisely fitting workpiece. So for each shaft diameter a tool adapted to this is needed. In addition, this design is subject to wear, since due to the requirement for accuracy of fit only a slight Materiaiabtrag can be tolerated.

It is an object of the invention to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages. The object is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1 in conjunction with its preamble features.

The dependent claims form an advantageous development of the invention,

In a known manner, a fastening element for connection to a component comprises a flange which carries drive structures, wherein on the flange, a connection region is formed, under the melting of which the fastening element can be fastened by friction welding to the component. Furthermore, the fastening element has a shank, which at the connecting region

opposite side of the flange is arranged. In addition, in the transition from shaft to connecting region in the axial direction, the fastening element has a guide region which comprises a guide surface which comprises at least one segment of a lateral surface which is assigned to a cone widening in the direction of the connecting region. The invention is characterized in that an axial pressure surface is provided on the guide region at its end facing the shaft, wherein the extent of the axial pressure surface in a radial direction is greater than the diameter of the shank, since the axial pressure forces necessary for mounting over the particular plane , orthogonal to the shaft axis lying plane surface can be transmitted, the guide area must only take over a centering function. As a result, the wear in the tool is significantly minimized. A non-circular rotational movement can be avoided in this way.

In particular, the Axiaidruckfläche is designed in the form of an annular surface which is offset from the flange or the shaft. At this annular surface, which merges into the lateral guide surface, an annular surface and a conical recess exhibiting pressure piece for transmitting the contact pressure and the centered guide engage during operation. The area within the ring surface can thus be made largely free, regardless of Zentrierungsaufgaben.

Thus, to drive such a fastener, a drive tool may be provided which comprises a pressure piece, which has an annular surface whose recess is larger than that

Shank diameter is and in its outer dimension corresponds approximately to the extent of the plane surface. In addition, the pressure piece can be designed so that the annular surface forms the upper surface of a truncated cone, which expands conically in the fastening direction. In this way one forms Such lateral surface a contact area with the guide surfaces of the guide portion, at the same time the annular surface presses on the Axialdruckfläche.

In this way, the rotating fastener can be kept centered during the attachment process. Due to the lateral conical guidance of the fastener in the

Guide area, the shaft can be designed independently of centering requirements. So it is possible that with only one drive tool fasteners with different

Shank diameters, which are smaller than the diameter of the recess, can be processed. A unified management area can meet this need.

In a particularly advantageous manner, it follows that the guide region is arranged between the shaft and the flange. As a result, the flange with its drive means can be designed independently of centering requirements. In such an arrangement, the guide portion is located radially within the drive means. So a smoother guidance can be guaranteed. In addition, this shape is particularly suitable for Kaltumformtechnischen production,

The guide area can be discontinued from the flange in the aforementioned embodiment. This allows a good separation of pressure range and guidance range and drive range. According to a further embodiment, the flange may comprise the guide region. This means that the guide region merges without offset into the flange carrying the drive structures in the direction of the connection region.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide surface is as a completely circumferential

Formed lateral surface of the associated cone. This embodiment has a particularly rotationally symmetrical design and thus avoids imbalances about the shaft axis.

Preferably, the cone of the guide portion may include an angle of 35 ° to 65 ° with the axis of the fastener. In this angle range results in a particularly good

Centering during rotation.

The extent of the particular annular pressure surface is chosen so that the for the

Setting process of the fastener required contact forces on this pressure surface of

Pressure piece of the drive tool can be transferred to the fastener The extent of the pressure surface is essentially dependent on the material of the component and on the material of the fastening element. A dimension sufficient for transmitting the contact pressure can be present if the extension of the plane surface facing the shaft is at least 10% larger than the diameter of the shaft. As a result, a sufficient pressure surface for the fastening element can be provided. For example, with a common shaft diameter of 6 mm, a diameter of the plane surface of at least 7 mm makes sense.

A further preferred embodiment results when the outer diameter of the flat surface is 7 mm and that of the shaft 6 mm or 5 mm or 4 mm. Thus, with a single design of the drive tool due to the design of the guide region and flange a variety of different standard Shank diameters are reliably secured without replacement of the drive tool.

In particular, the shaft is thread-bearing, wherein the diameter of the shaft the

Outer diameter of the thread corresponds. The plane surface is preferably normal to the shaft axis and thereby receives a particularly rotationally symmetrical shape, which greatly improves the centering during the setting process.

The fastening element may preferably have a connection region whose end is designed such that it defines a footprint.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the fastening element may be configured such that the contact surface defined by the connection region is plane-parallel to the plane surface, preferably both are orthogonal to the shaft axis. Due to the parallelism of the

Contact surface and the flat surface, a particularly round run of the fastener can be ensured during rotation.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a fastening system comprising a fastening element for connection to a component, wherein the fastening element has a flange with drive structures, wherein on the flange, a connecting portion is formed, under the melting of which Fastening element can be fastened by friction welding to the component, wherein the fastening element has a shank, which is arranged on the side opposite the Verbtndungsbereich of the flange. Furthermore, the attachment element between the joint and the connection region has a guide region in the axial direction, which comprises a guide surface which comprises at least one segment of a lateral surface which projects in the direction of the

Connection area is associated with widening cone.

The fastening system further comprises a tool for fastening a prescribed fastening element, wherein the tool has a drive receptacle for transmitting a

Having rotational movement, and a pressure piece comprises, which is partially hollow, and which has at the end facing the fastening element has a frusto-conical recess which forms a tool-side guide surface.

According to the pressure piece and the Axialdruckfläche are coordinated so that the necessary for the setting pressure force is transmitted, and the tool-side guide surface and the fastening element side guide area are coordinated such that a juxtaposition of the pressure piece and the Plandruckfläche is possible, and the guide area and the Guide surface can be brought into abutment by an eccentric position of the fastener used.

In particular, the guide surfaces of the tool and the guide surfaces of the

Fastener the same angle. The guide surfaces are in contact with the

Axialdruckflächen the tool and the centrally used fastener at a small distance parallel to each other. The small distance may preferably be between 10 μιτι and 1 mm.

The fastening element can preferably be designed as described above.

Further advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description in conjunction with the embodiments illustrated in the drawings. In the description, the claims, and the drawing, the terms and associated reference numerals used in the list of reference numerals below are used. In the drawing:

1 shows a friction element, which can be connected via a rotational movement with application of an axial force with a component.

2 shows a further embodiment of a friction element according to the invention; Fig. 3a is a sectional view of a fastener of FIG. 1;

3b shows the representation after complete reception of the fastening element in the drive tool;

4 shows an embodiment in which a drive tool is provided, which comprises a pressure piece, which is provided radially outside of the drive means;

Fig. 5a shows a fastening system in a sectional view before complete reception of a

Fastening element in a tool, and Fig. 5b shows a fastening system in a sectional view after complete reception of a

Fastener in a tool.

1 shows a fastening element 10 according to the invention, which can be connected to a component 12 by means of a rotational movement while applying an axial force F. The fastener 10 includes a flange 14 on which drive means are provided to provide a rotational

Movement of a tool on the fastener 10 to transfer. The drive means are in the form of an external hex drive. To the flange 14 includes in the direction of the shaft 16, a guide portion 18 at. The guide portion 18 is frustoconical and offset from the flange 14. At its end facing the shaft has the

Truncated cone on a plane surface 20, which represents an annular surface. From the flat surface 20 of the contact pressure, which is necessary for the Reibschweißverbindung transmitted to the fastener 10. In this way, the fastener 10 can melt with a

Connecting portion 22 with the component 12 form a friction joint. By the conical guide surface 24, a centering of the fastener 10 takes place at corresponding Guide surfaces of a driving tool (not shown) during the fastening operation., This ensures a uniform rotation of the fastener 10 about its axis and prevents a so-called hitting the fastener 10 during the friction welding process.

The interaction of the fastener 10 with the tool is described in more detail in the following figures.

FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a fastening element 30 according to the invention. In this embodiment, the guide region 32 passes over into the flange 24 without any offset. The

Fastener has on one side of the flange 34 has a connecting portion 36 and on the opposite side of the connecting portion a shaft 38. The drive means are designed in the form of a toothing 35. The fastening element 30 is described in more detail in a sectional view of this embodiment in Fig. 3a and 3b. The necessary contact forces are transmitted via the plane, annular Axialdruckfläche 37.

FIG. 3a shows a sectional view of a fastening element 30 according to FIG

Fastening element 30 has drive means 35, which are introduced in the form of recesses in the flange 34. On the drive tool 50 corresponding corresponding drive means 52 are formed for transmitting the rotational movement. In addition, the drive tool 50 has a pressure piece 54.

The pressure piece 54 is responsible for the transmission of the contact pressure on the fastening element 30. This has for this purpose an annular thrust surface 58, which merges into a conical guide surface 58. The fastening element 30 is first encompassed by the drive means 35 during the feed process and then inserted with its guide region 32 into a corresponding receptacle of the pressure piece 54. In this way, the Axialdruckfläche 37, which is formed as an annular surface around the shaft, pressed by the annular Axialdruckfläche 56 in the mounting direction. During rotation, the fastener 30 is centered over the guide surfaces 34 and the corresponding tapered guide surface 58 of the drive tool 50. This ensures a smooth running of the fastening element 30, without resulting in wear due to the high contact pressures, since no contact force on the conical guide surface 58 of the

Drive tool 50 is exercised. Thus, the fastener 30 first undergoes a guide through the drive part of the

Drive tool 50 _" after which the fastener 30 is brought with its Axialdruckfläche 37 with the annular thrust surface 56 of the pressure piece 54 into abutment. Fig. 3b shows the illustration after complete reception of the fastener in

Drive tool 50. When abutment of the Axialdruckflächen 37 of the fastener to the

Axialdruckfläche 56 of the pressure piece 54 results in a distance of the drive means 52 of the

Drive means 35 of the fastener. As a result, a compensation or centering of the fastening element 30 by the pressure piece 54 does not lead to jamming of the

Fastening element 30 with the drive means 52. The corresponding guide surfaces 34, 58 are so playful, so that act in an ideal centric and straight position no axial forces on the guide surface 34 of the fastener 30.

By the corresponding Axialdruckflächen 37 of the fastener 30 and the

Axialdruckfläche 56 of the drive tool 50 is necessary for the Reibschweißvorgang

Axially force F reliably transmitted, wherein the guide surface 58 of the drive tool 50 together with the corresponding guide surface 34 provides a stable position when screwing.

4 shows an embodiment in which the thrust surface 90 is provided radially outside the drive means 84. The fastening element 80 has a guide region 82 which is arranged between the flange 84 carrying the drive means 84 and the connection region 88.

Due to this configuration, the entire area, which lies radially within the annular thrust surface 90 of the centering element 82, can be freely designed without affecting the

Stabilization of the element must be respected. So can in particular with such

Embodiment already pre-assembled elements, such as here a fastener 80, are mounted with a nut 92 on a component, which still a smooth-running stable attachment is possible.

5a shows a fastening system 100 comprising a fastening element 102 and a tool 104 for fastening the fastening element 102. As described above, the fastening element has a flange 106 with drive structures 108. On the flange 106 is a

Formed connecting portion 110, under the melting of the fastener 102 is connected to its surface. The fastening element 102 has a guide region with a guide surface 114 between its shaft 112 and the connection region 110. Femer points the fastening element 102 has an axial pressure surface 116. This cooperates with an axial pressure surface 118 of the tool 104 in order to transmit the contact pressure from the tool to the fastening element 102. The guide surface 114 of the fastener 102 is parallel to

Guide surface 120 of the tool arranged. To the conical guide surface 114 of

Fastener 102 is formed corresponding to the guide surface 120 of the tool as a conical recess.

As can be seen in Fig. 5b, in which the sectional view when fully inserted

Fastening element 102 is shown, the pressure force on the Axialdruckflächen 1 16, 118 transferred to lie one above the other, wherein between the guide surfaces 120. 114 remains a small distance, which does not affect the Axialdruckübertragung, but a tilting of the fastener 102 from his Keeping rotation axis out within tight limits. This allows a particularly efficient and high-quality attachment can be achieved.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s r e c h e

A fastening element (10, 30, 80, 102) for connection to a component (12), wherein the fastening element (10, 30, 80, 102) has a flange (14, 24, 34, 86, 106) with

Having drive structures, wherein on the flange (14, 24, 34, 86, 106) a

Connecting portion (22) is integrally formed, under the melting of the fastening element (10, 30, 80, 102) by friction welding to the component (12) can be fastened, wherein the fastening element (10, 30, 80, 102) has a shaft (16, 38 ), which is arranged on the said connecting region (22, 36, 88, 110) opposite side of the flange (14, 24, 34, 86, 106): furthermore, the fastening element (10, 30, 80, 102) between shaft (16, 38) and connecting portion (22, 36, 88, 1 10) in the axial direction a

Guide region (18, 32. 82), which comprises a guide surface (24, 34, 58, 1 14, 120), which comprises at least one segment of a lateral surface, which in the direction of the connecting region (22, 36, 88, 110 ) is assigned to the widening cone, characterized in that the guide region (18, 32, 82) at its the shaft (16, 38) facing the end of a Axialdruckfläche (37, 56, 90, 116, 1 18), wherein the

Extension of the thrust surface (37, 56, 90. 116, 118) in a radial direction is greater than the diameter of the shaft (16, 38).

Fastening element according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide region (18, 32, 82) between the shaft (16, 38) and the flange (14, 24, 34, 86, 106) is arranged.

Fastening element according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange (14, 24, 34, 86, 106) comprises the guide region (18, 32, 82). Fastening element according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide region

(18, 32, 82) between connecting region (22, 36, 88, 1 10} and flange (14, 24, 34, 88, 106} is located.

Fastening element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Führungsfiäche (24, 34, 58, 114, 120) comprises a completely circumferential lateral surface of the associated cone.

Fastening element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cone forms an angle of more than 35 °, in particular between 35 ° to 65 °, with the axis of the fastening element.

Fastening element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flat pressure surface (20) is normal to the shaft axis.

Fastening element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting region (22, 36, 88, 110) is designed in this way. that one

Footprint defined.

Fastening element according to claim 8, characterized in that the contact surface p! Anparallei to the thrust surface (37, 56, 90, 118, 118).

Tool for fastening a fastener according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool has a drive receptacle for transmitting a

Has rotational movement, and a pressure piece comprises, which is partially hollow and which has at the end facing the fastener a Kegelsturnpfförmige recess which forms a tool-side guide surface.

Tool according to claim 10, characterized in that the pressure piece in the inner region of the frusto-conical recess has an annular Axialdruckfläche (37, 56, 90, 1 16, 118). , Fastening system comprising a fastener according to the preamble of

Claim 1 and a tool according to any one of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the pressure piece and the axial pressure surface (37, 58, 90, 16, 118) are coordinated with one another in such a way that the pressure force necessary for the setting process is transmitted, and the tool-side guide surface (24, 34, 58, 114, 120) and the

fixing element-side guide region (18, 32, 82) are matched to one another in such a manner that a juxtaposition of the pressure piece and the flat pressure surface (20) is made possible and the guide region (18, 32, 82) and the guide surface (24, 34, 58, 114, 120 ) can be brought into abutment by an eccentric position of the fastener used.

Fastening system according to claim 12, characterized in that the

Fastening element according to the characterizing part of claim 1 and / or according to claims 2 to 9 is formed.