EP3256706A1 - Ensemble moteur turbocompresse a deux conduits d'echappement avec vanne de regulation rapide - Google Patents
Ensemble moteur turbocompresse a deux conduits d'echappement avec vanne de regulation rapideInfo
- Publication number
- EP3256706A1 EP3256706A1 EP16707848.4A EP16707848A EP3256706A1 EP 3256706 A1 EP3256706 A1 EP 3256706A1 EP 16707848 A EP16707848 A EP 16707848A EP 3256706 A1 EP3256706 A1 EP 3256706A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust
- turbine
- valve
- engine
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
- F01N13/107—More than one exhaust manifold or exhaust collector
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
- F02B37/025—Multiple scrolls or multiple gas passages guiding the gas to the pump drive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0242—Variable control of the exhaust valves only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0257—Independent control of two or more intake or exhaust valves respectively, i.e. one of two intake valves remains closed or is opened partially while the other is fully opened
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/04—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning exhaust conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/40—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with timing means in the recirculation passage, e.g. cyclically operating valves or regenerators; with arrangements involving pressure pulsations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an engine assembly comprising an internal combustion engine and a turbocharger for a motor vehicle, this system comprising two exhaust ducts with at least one rapid control valve for at least one of the exhaust ducts passing through an energy recovery wheel in a turbine of the turbocharger.
- Such an exhaust system is connected to an output of the turbocharged engine, also called supercharged engine, for exhaust gas exhaust from combustion in the engine, the engine being advantageously but not only a gasoline engine four times.
- FIG. 1 shows a supercharged gasoline engine assembly according to the closest prior art described in particular in the document WO-A-2009/105463.
- Such an engine assembly is known under the name VEMB, abbreviation of the English name of "Valve Event Modulated Boost", translated into French by supercharging controlled by motor distribution.
- VEMB a supercharged gasoline engine assembly
- EGR line an exhaust gas recirculation line at the engine intake
- a thermal combustion engine comprises a cylinder block provided with at least one cylinder, preferably several cylinders and an air intake inlet or an air intake manifold for the gasoline air mixture in each cylinder and an exhaust gas outlet resulting from the combustion of the mixture in each cylinder.
- the output of the engine is connected to an exhaust manifold 5 supplying an exhaust duct 4, 9 exhausting the exhaust gases to the outside.
- turbocharged engine comprises a turbine 2 and a compressor 3.
- the turbine 2 is disposed downstream of the exhaust manifold 5 in the exhaust pipe 4 while the compressor 3 is disposed upstream of the intake manifold. to the engine.
- the turbine 2 comprises a turbine wheel recovering at least partially a kinetic energy created in the exhaust gas passing therethrough, the rotary member or wheel of the turbine being rotated by the exhaust gases leaving the exhaust manifold .
- the turbine 2 drives the compressor 3 by being secured to it by an axis, the compressor 3 is traversed by fresh air for supplying air to the engine, air compressor 3 compresses.
- the air which is then called supercharging air is supplied by the air supply line to a charge air cooler 25 to cool the air leaving the compressor 3.
- a butterfly valve 26 regulating the flow of air into the air intake manifold of the motor forming the engine air inlet.
- exhaust gas exhausted from the engine enters the exhaust duct 9 of the motor vehicle after passing through the turbine 2 and Through exhaust gas removal means, for example one or more catalysts, in particular oxidation, reduction or three-way, associated or not with a particulate filter.
- exhaust gas removal means for example one or more catalysts, in particular oxidation, reduction or three-way, associated or not with a particulate filter.
- a selective catalytic reduction system or RCS system may also be provided in the exhaust duct 9.
- EGR line a recirculation line of the exhaust gas to the engine air intake
- EGR line a line being referenced 1 1 in Figure 1.
- spark ignition and compression ignition engines to recirculate the exhaust gases to the engine air intake to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.
- Such a system is also known by the Anglo-Saxon acronym EGR for "Exhaust Gas Recirculation” which means Recirculation of Exhaust Gas.
- An EGR line 1 1 has a stitching 12 on the exhaust duct to withdraw a portion of the exhaust gas from the duct and a cooler 23 of the exhaust gas passing through this line January 1, these gases being so very hot.
- the line RGE 1 1 opens on the intake of air upstream of the compressor 3 it feeds.
- a valve 24 called EGR valve equips the line RGE 1 1, advantageously downstream of the cooler 23 RGE in the flow direction of the recirculation gases to open or close the flow of gases to the inlet.
- the thermal combustion engine forming part of the set 1 said supercharging controlled by engine distribution has at least one cylinder, in Figure 1 three cylinders.
- Each engine cylinder is equipped with an intake valve and two exhaust valves. These exhaust valves are selectively associated with a first or a second exit passage in each cylinder and selectively open and close their associated passage.
- each cylinder It is the same for the intake valve associated with an inlet passage in each cylinder.
- the two outlet passages of each cylinder which are closed and opened sequentially by their associated exhaust valve open on a different exhaust manifold 5, 7 each supplying a dedicated exhaust duct 4, 6, the two ducts 4, 6 exhaust does not follow the same course as will be detailed below.
- the first exhaust passage of each cylinder is connected to the first manifold 5 and the second exhaust passage is connected to the second manifold 7.
- a motor assembly 1 said engine controlled supercharging engine thus comprises a first conduit 4 said exhaust from the turbine 2 starting from a first exhaust manifold 5 and a second duct 6 said discharge from a second exhaust manifold 7, the exhaust manifolds 5, 7 being connected each respectively to one of two sets of first or second exhaust passages provided with their exhaust valves provided for each cylinder.
- the first duct 4 leads to an inlet face of the turbine 2 of the turbocharger being extended by a main expansion passage inside the turbine 2 by housing a turbine wheel to recover the kinetic energy contained in the exhaust gas passing through it.
- the second duct 6 bypasses the turbine 2 without entering but joins further downstream of the turbine 2 a third duct 9 outside the turbine 2 and connected to an outlet face of the turbine 2 for exhausting the exhaust gas.
- main flashing passage having been in exchange for energy with the turbine wheel.
- the function of the first duct 4 said exhaust duct by turbine is to allow a first flow of exhaust gas to pass through the turbine 2 and its rotary energy recovery member in the form of a wheel to supply power to the compressor 3.
- the function of the second duct 6 said discharge duct and powered by a second exhaust manifold 7, different and independent of the first exhaust manifold 5 of the first duct 4, is to allow a second flow of exhaust independent and different from the first flow to bypass the turbine 2 and in particular its wheel and thus discharge the turbine 2 of the total flow of exhaust gas by decreasing the flow of exhaust gas therethrough by subtraction of the second ux to the total flow.
- a discharge valve which may be internal or external to the turbine serves to limit the pressure of the exhaust gas on the Turbocharger turbine wheel by opening a bypass of the exhaust gases so that they no longer pass through the turbine and its wheel.
- a limitation of the speed of the wheel of the turbine is thus obtained, which also limits the rotational speed of the wheel provided in the compressor being integral with the impeller of the turbine, which also limits the compression of the impeller. intake air.
- a relief valve associated with a turbine for regulating the flow of exhaust gas therethrough is no longer necessary with a motor-controlled supercharging engine assembly having two exhaust ducts each starting from a collector respective exhaust.
- a motor-controlled supercharging engine assembly having two exhaust ducts each starting from a collector respective exhaust.
- the opening of the exhaust valve indirectly connected to the second duct 6 occurs very often after the opening of the exhaust valve of the same cylinder connected to the first duct 4 and always during the exhaust phase of the four-stroke cycle of the engine, even on the latest phasing of the opening of the exhaust valve connected to the second conduit 6. There thus occurs a period of time for which the two exhaust valves are open at the same time, which makes the function of the second discharge duct 6 still operational, while this may be unfavorable under certain operating conditions of the engine assembly 1.
- the continuous opening of the second discharge duct 6 decreases the power available to the turbine 2, due to a lower flow rate of gas passing through the impeller of the turbine 2, which results in a degradation the engine response, especially in transient conditions and steady state conditions.
- Such permanent opening of the second conduit 6 is not preferred and should be remedied under certain operating conditions of the engine assembly 1.
- Document FR-A-2,835,882 discloses a motor assembly with a system with two exhaust pipes respectively connected to a series of first valves and second exhaust valves, each cylinder of the engine having a first and a second exhaust valve closing one of the two outlet passages that each cylinder comprises.
- This document discloses means for closing at least one series of the two valves according to operating conditions of the engine then in force. It follows that the interruption of the flow of exhaust gas is to the engine by acting on one of the two exhaust valves that the cylinder and not in the exhaust ducts, which poses a problem on the facade engine output and what is relatively complex to implement. Therefore, the problem underlying the invention is to control the flow in one of the two ducts or in the two ducts of a motor assembly said supercharging controlled by two-duct motor distribution of exhaust in a simple and effective way directly into the exhaust system according to the operating conditions then in force of the engine assembly, this regulation being effected especially during the exhaust phases of the engine.
- a method of controlling an exhaust of an internal combustion engine assembly of a motor vehicle comprising a turbocharger comprising a turbine and a compressor, and a exhaust system, the engine comprising at least one cylinder housing a piston connected to a rotating crankshaft, said at least one cylinder having a first and a second outlet passage opening into the exhaust system for exhaust gas discharge.
- the outlet passages being respectively provided with a first and a second exhaust valve, releasing, during an exhaust phase, or closing its passage sequentially taking a position opening or closing position according to an angle of rotation of the crankshaft during respectively an opening time and a closing time, the opening of the second output passage being out of phase with respect to the opening of the first output passage, the exhaust having two gas exhaust flows at the engine outlet, a first turbine exhaust stream from the first outlet passage of said at least one cylinder passing through the turbine housing a partial recovery wheel of energy contained in the exhaust gas and a second discharge stream from the second outlet passage joining the first flow downstream of the wheel bypassing it, characterized in that the second flow is at least partially interrupted for each exhaust phase in the exhaust system during at least part of the opening time of the second exhaust valve.
- the technical effect is to obtain a modulation that goes to a deactivation of the second flow through the so-called discharge duct bypassing the turbine this at each exhaust phase of a cylinder or engine forming part of the motor assembly, therefore in a range of one motor cycle.
- This makes it possible to improve the response of the engine under stabilized and transient conditions, in particular under transient conditions at full load and low speed.
- the second exhaust valve opens during an exhaust phase, it can be obtained by a rapid control valve disposed on the second duct of the exhaust system or, where appropriate, on an extension of the exhaust system.
- the second flow is at least partially interrupted in the exhaust system for at least a portion of the opening time of the second exhaust valve, this for example for a few additional milliseconds to allow sending more flow to the turbine wheel through the main expansion passage extending in the turbine the first conduit connected to the first exhaust valve.
- the rapid control valve is always reopened during the opening time of the second exhaust valve during the same exhaust phase, which has the effect of reducing the pressure upstream of the turbine by the passage of the second flow in the second conduit, this when the pulsating flow of the engine is low or zero and the turbine has recovered enough energy.
- the fast control valve can remain closed so that only the first conduit is traversed by a flow.
- the second flow is kept at least partially interrupted as long as the second exhaust valve of said at least one cylinder is not open, an end of the interruption of the second flow in the exhaust system being done. with delay relative to the opening of the second exhaust valve or a beginning of the interruption of the second flow in the exhaust system being in advance with respect to the closing of the second exhaust valve.
- the end of the interruption of the second flow is delayed with respect to the opening of the second exhaust valve and the beginning of the interruption of the second flow in the exhaust system is done with ahead of the closure of the second exhaust valve.
- the invention also relates to an engine assembly comprising an internal combustion engine, an exhaust system with a turbine of a turbocharger also comprising a compressor for the implementation of such a method, the exhaust system. being connected to the engine, the engine comprising at least one cylinder having two outlet passages for exhaust gas exhaust from combustion in the engine, the first outlet passage being provided with a first exhaust valve and the second exit passage of a second exhaust valve opening it, during an exhaust phase, and closing it sequentially, the first outlet passage being connected to a first manifold while the second exit passage is connected to a second collector, the system comprising a first exhaust duct by the turbine leaving the first exhaust manifold and a second exhaust duct starting from the second collector exhaust, the turbine being provided in its interior with a main expansion passage in which is housed a turbine wheel and the first conduit opening into the main relief passage, the second conduit bypassing the wheel of the turbine, characterized in that the second conduit comprises a fast regulating valve interrupting the flow of gas in the second conduit during at least part of the opening time of the second
- control valve has a plug valve shape.
- the turbine is provided with a casing surrounding it, the first duct opening into the main expansion passage through an inlet face of the casing and the second duct opens through the inlet face of the casing in the at least one internal bypass portion to the casing bypassing the main relief passage, the main relief passage and said at least one bypass portion joining to an outlet face of the casing, the exhaust system comprising a third outer conduit to the turbine being connected to the outlet face of the turbine casing for exhaust gas discharge out of the turbine.
- the rapid control valve is housed inside the turbine in said at least one branch portion extending the second conduit.
- the rapid control valve is at least one outlet end of said at least one branch portion extending the second conduit.
- said at least one output end of said at least one branch portion is carried by a fixed output disk, the control valve being in the form of a rotary shutter disk, identical and concentric with the an exit disk being pressed against it, the shutter disk having at least one through-hole for the at least one exit end, the rotation of the shutter disk at least partially closing said at least one exit end said at least one shunt portion carried by the output disk.
- the turbine has a flange directly connected to the first and second collectors, through which flange pass the first and second conduits the rapid control valve located on the flange of the turbine or on the second collector associated with the second conduit.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of an engine-controlled supercharged turbocharged engine assembly comprising an exhaust system with two exhaust pipes starting from the closest state of the art
- FIG. 1 a is a diagrammatic representation of a motor-controlled supercharged turbocharged engine assembly comprising an exhaust system with two exhaust ducts, the second duct having a fast control valve according to a first embodiment of the invention. the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an engine assembly comprising an exhaust system with two exhaust ducts according to another embodiment according to the present invention, the turbine being traversed by the two ducts and the second duct presenting a fast regulating valve,
- FIGS. 3 and 3a illustrate various positions of a shutter disk serving as a fast control valve for the outlet ends of at least one bypass portion passing through the turbine, the output ends being distributed on an output disc. , this turbine being integrated in the exhaust system of the motor assembly according to the present invention,
- FIGS. 4, 4a, 4b illustrate the relative limitations of the lifts of a second exhaust valve obtained by a rapid control valve in an engine assembly according to the present invention, in these figures the fast valve respectively opening with delay, closing in advance, as well as opening with delay and closing in advance with respect to the lifting of the second exhaust valve, which limits the opening time of the passage associated with the second exhaust valve,
- FIGS. 5 to 8 illustrate respective lifts of the first and second valves as a function of the crankshaft angle, as well as various opening and closing positions of the rapid control valve located on the second discharge duct
- FIG. 9 illustrates curves in solid lines obtained for a method of controlling an exhaust of a control motor assembly for a reference turbine of the state of the art and dotted line curves obtained for a control method. of an exhaust of an engine assembly according to the present invention, this for a four-stroke cycle on a turbocharged three-cylinder engine.
- downstream and upstream are to be taken in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas out of the engine or again to the engine inlet for the recirculation line, an element in the system. exhaust system downstream of the engine being further away from the engine than another element upstream of the element.
- the engine assembly includes the engine as well as its auxiliaries for the intake of air into the engine and for the exhaust of gases out of the engine, a turbocharger also forming part of the engine assembly, the turbine being included in the exhaust system of the engine assembly.
- the engine assembly 1 comprises an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger comprising a turbine 2 and a compressor 3 and an exhaust system connected to an output of the engine for an exhaust gas exhaust from the combustion in engine.
- the engine of the engine assembly comprises at least one cylinder, in the figures three cylinders, each cylinder having two outlet passages for an exhaust gas exhaust from combustion in the engine.
- the first outlet passage is provided with a first exhaust valve 19 and the second outlet passage is provided with a second exhaust valve 19a sealing it sequentially.
- Each first or second exhaust valve 19, 19a comprises respective activation means 20, 20a.
- the exhaust system comprises a first exhaust duct 4 by the turbine 2 from a first exhaust manifold 5 and a second duct 6 said discharge from a second exhaust manifold 7.
- the first and second collectors 5, 7 are connected to the output of the internal combustion engine for the channeling of the exhaust gases through the first and second conduits 4, 6, the first outlet passage of said at least one cylinder being connected to the first collector 5 while the second outlet passage is connected to the second collector 7.
- the engine comprises more than one cylinder, as is frequently the case, it is the series of first passages from a respective cylinder which is connected to the first collector 5 while the series of second passages from a respective cylinder is connected to the second collector 7.
- the turbine 2, present in the exhaust system, is provided with a partial recovery wheel of an energy contained in the exhaust gas passing through it, the first duct 4 passing through the wheel and the second duct 6 joining the first duct 4 downstream of the wheel bypassing 2.
- the second duct 6 does not enter the turbine 2 so bypasses the wheel of the turbine outside the turbine 2 while in Figure 2 the second duct 6 is extended in the turbine 2 by at least one bypass portion 8a bypassing the wheel of the turbine 2 inside the turbine 2. This latter embodiment is preferred and will be later more amply detailed.
- the second duct 4 comprises a fast regulating valve 13 interrupting the flow of exhaust gas in the second duct 4 for at least one part of the opening time of the exhaust valve 19a when there is only one cylinder and each exhaust valve 19a of the cylinders when there is more than one cylinder.
- the control valve 13 is said to be fast because it can open during the opening range of the or each exhaust valve 19a during a motor cycle, which requires a very fast actuation of the control valve 13, for example of the order of the time of an engine cycle divided by the number of cylinders (10 ms on an engine equipped with three cylinders).
- the rapid control valve 13 may have any suitable shape, for example without this being a limiting valve plug shape.
- the second duct 6 can be extended in the turbine 2 by at least a bypass portion 8 bypassing the wheel.
- the first duct 4 is extended in the turbine 2 by the main expansion passage passing through the wheel and the second duct 6 by said at least one bypass portion bypassing the wheel.
- the turbine 2 comprises a housing 2c which has an inlet face 2a and an outlet face 2b.
- the first and second ducts 4, 6 open on the inlet face 2a of the casing and then be extended in the turbine 2 respectively by the main expansion passage and said at least one bypass portion 8.
- the main passage of expansion is represented only by its outlet end 4b in Figures 3 and 3a.
- Said at least one branch portion 8 also comprises at least one output end 8b.
- the outlet ends 4b and 8b open inside the turbine to the outlet face 2b of the housing 2c.
- a third duct 9, outside the turbine 2 is connected to the output side 2b of the housing 2c.
- the third duct 9 evacuates the exhaust gases out of the turbine 2 towards the end of the exhaust system comprising depollution elements 10.
- a branch portion 8 extending the second duct 6 is integrated in the turbine 2 but is not in exchange for kinetic energy with the wheel of the turbine 2, which provides a discharge effect of the turbine 2 more efficient than the discharge effect obtained with a discharge valve fitted to a standard reference turbocharger.
- a bypass portion 8 extending the second duct 6 is integrated in the turbine 2 reduces the size of the exhaust system and reduces the material expense for the second conduit 6, the junction of extensions of the first and second ducts 4, 6 being in the turbine 2 and not after the turbine 2, resulting in a shortening of the length of the second duct 6 which does not have to have a length allowing it to bypass the turbine 2 .
- the rapid control valve 13 can be housed inside the turbine 2 in the at least one branch portion 8 extending in the turbine 2 the second conduit 6
- said at least one branch portion 8 may comprise one or more exit ends 8a.
- FIGS. 3 and 3a show an embodiment of a fast regulating valve 13 that is preferred for the present invention, this mainly for the second embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 the outlet ends 8a of said at least one branch portion 8a extending in the turbine 2 the second duct 6 are partially open now while in Figure 3a, the outlet ends 8a are kept closed by the rapid control valve 3a .
- the output ends 8a of said at least one branch portion 8 may be carried by a fixed output disk 27.
- the control valve 13 may be in the form of a rotating disk 27a which is identical and concentric with the output disc 27 and is applied against it.
- the shutter disk 27a has at least one through hole for the at least one outlet end 8b, the rotation of the shutter disk 27a at least partially closing said at least one exit end 8b of said at least one portion of 8 in this embodiment, the outlet end 4b of the main expansion passage is in the center of the discs 27, 27a being surrounded by the outlet ends 8b of said at least one bypass portion 8.
- the rapid control valve 13 is on the flange of the turbine 2 or on the second collector 7 associated with the second duct 6.
- FIG. alternative it is shown a rapid control valve 13 on its portion bypassing outside the turbine 2 without entering, which is not limiting.
- the invention also relates to a method of controlling an exhaust of an internal combustion engine assembly of a motor vehicle. The process will hereinafter be described with particular reference to FIGS. 1a, 2 and 4 to 10.
- the engine assembly comprises a turbocharger comprising a turbine 2 and a compressor 3 and an exhaust system, the engine comprising at least one cylinder housing a piston connected to a crankshaft in rotation, three cylinders being shown. Figures 1a and 2.
- the or each cylinder has first and second outlet passages opening into the exhaust system for exhaust gas exhaust from combustion in the engine.
- the engine therefore comprises at least one cylinder housing a piston connected to a crankshaft in rotation and movable within said at least one cylinder between an innermost position called top dead center and a least internal position called bottom dead center.
- Each outlet passage is provided with an exhaust valve 19, 19a releasing or closing its passage sequentially by taking an open position or a closed position at an angle of rotation of the crankshaft during a period of time respectively. opening and a closing time, the opening of the second outlet passage being out of phase with the opening of the first outlet passage.
- This is shown in particular in Figures 5 to 8 while referring to Figures 1a and 2 for references not shown in these figures.
- an escape phase PHASE ESC is carried out between two predetermined ANGLE VIL crank angle angles.
- the first and second exhaust valves 19, 19a exhaust the cylinder open respectively according to a valve lift S1 and S2, the valve lift S2 of the second exhaust valve 19a being out of phase with the valve lift S1 of the first exhaust valve 19.
- the first and second exit passages are respectively opened and when the first and second exhaust valves 19, 19a are closed, the first and second output passages are respectively closed.
- the exhaust has two gas exhaust flows at the output of the engine, a first flow called exhaust from the first passage of said at least one cylinder passing through the turbine 2 by a partial recovery wheel of an energy contained in the exhaust gas inside the turbine 2 and a second flow called discharge from the second outlet passage of said at least one cylinder joining the first flow downstream of the wheel bypassing it, either by passing outside the turbine as shown in Figure 1a or by passing inside the turbine as shown in Figure 2.
- the second flow is interrupted at least partially in the exhaust system during at least part of the opening time of the second exhaust valve 19a, this by the valve of rapid control 13 according to the present invention.
- the fast control valve 13 has an opening time. open valve VO and a closed valve position VF, this in synchronization with the lift S2 of the second exhaust valve 19a.
- the opening time of the rapid control valve 13 van rap is shorter than the opening time of the exhaust valve 19a, which causes an interruption of the passage of the second flow even when the exhaust valve 19a is open.
- the second flow is interrupted at least partially as the second exhaust valve 19a is not open. This avoids a continuous opening for the second flow even when the exhaust valve 19a of the at least one cylinder is closed and thus reduce a possible leakage of the second flow by a second exhaust valve 19a closed.
- the control valve 13 being kept closed by interrupting the second flow in the second duct 6 when the second exhaust valve 19a is closed, it is possible, in a first case, to proceed to an end of the interruption the second stream in the exhaust system. According to an embodiment of the control method according to the present invention, this end may be delayed with respect to the opening of the second exhaust valve 19a. Conversely, in a second case, it is possible to start the interruption of the second flow in the exhaust system in advance with respect to the closure of the second exhaust valve 19a. These two possibilities reduce the opening time for the passage of the second flow with respect to the duration of opening of the second exhaust valve 19a.
- Figures 4, 4a, 4b respectively show a reduction in the lift time L of the second exhaust valve 19a by interrupting the second flow in the second duct 6 said discharge in the exhaust system of the motor assembly according to the invention, the hatched areas being subtracted from the actual lift time L of the exhaust valve 19a.
- FIG. 4 corresponds to an opening delay of the second iso-closed discharge discharge duct 6, FIG. 4a to an advance of the closure of the second iso-open discharge duct 6 and FIG. a modification of the opening and closing times of the second discharge duct 6.
- the second flow is advantageously interrupted outside the exhaust phases, it is therefore possible for the end of the interruption of the second flow to be delayed with respect to the opening of the second exhaust valve 19a and / or that the beginning of the interruption of the second flow in the exhaust system is done in advance with respect to the closing of the second exhaust valve 19a.
- the combination of a second variable valve exhaust valve 19a via the exhaust camshaft phase shifter and the fast regulation valve 13 makes it possible to generate a law of opening of the second duct 6 with variable width. , that is, variable opening time.
- the engine control that drives the opening and at least partial closure of the fast control valve 13, the engine control taking into account the engine operating conditions then in force and in particular the beginning and end of phases. exhaust relative to the crankshaft angles.
- FIG. 9 shows the effect of the present invention for a turbocharged cylinder engine assembly during a four-stroke cycle with the angle of ANGLE VIL crankshaft on the abscissa and, respectively, the control of the valve of FIG. COM VAN REG control, the cylinder pressure upstream of the P CYL AM TURB turbine and the ESCAPE FLOW exhaust flow rate.
- the curves in full line relate to a motor-controlled supercharging engine assembly according to the state of the art closest to it, called standard turbine, and the dashed curves relate to a motor-driven supercharging engine assembly. with the rapid control valve according to the present invention, said dynamic turbine.
- FIG. 9 it is shown in FIG. control effect of the rapid control valve 13 during a four-stroke cycle of a supercharged three-cylinder engine, this on a point of engine operation of the type with high load and low engine speed.
- the dashed curve for the control of the fast regulating valve COM VAN REG there is visible a delayed opening of the quick control valve 13 with respect to the opening of the second exhaust valve 19a, which reduces the effective duration of the flow rate in the second discharge duct 6.
- the control valve 13 of the flow of the second discharge duct 6 is in the closed position to interrupt the flow therethrough and pass the entire exhaust flow through the first duct 4 through the wheel of the turbine 2 and thus recover a maximum of energy.
- the rapid control valve 13 of the second conduit 6 can be kept closed for a few milliseconds additional to allow to send more flux through the first duct 4 to the turbine 3.
- the fast regulating valve 13 is open triggering a fall of the upstream pressure turbine P CYL AM TURB due to the discharge function of the turbine 2 by the second duct 6 or by its extension in the turbine 2, this as soon as the pulsating flow of the engine is low or zero and that the turbine 2 has recovered enough energy.
- the fast control valve 13 is in the closed position exhaust flow phases to recover the energy of the gas.
- This rapid control valve 13 moves to the open position in the low-flow phase to considerably increase the overall permeability of the exhaust, to put in communication the upstream and the downstream of the turbine in order to reduce the pressure at the output of the engine.
- the rapid control valve 13 closes again before the arrival of a new exhaust port and / or a new opening event of the second exhaust valve 19a to ensure that good energy recovery in supercharged zone. It is found that it is now at the opening of the control valve that the discharge function via the second duct 6 discharge of the engine supercharging engine controlled by engine distribution can be achieved because the pressure drop cylinder can not more to be done at the opening of the second exhaust valve 19a but now at the opening of the second conduit 6, now controlled by the high-speed control valve 13.
- the combination of the opening law of the second exhaust valve 19a or relief valve, which is fixed but of variable phasing with a fast regulating valve 13 makes it possible to further reduce the equivalent width L of the the opening law of the second exhaust valve 19a and its phasage when closing this valve, which provides a very desirable effect of optimizing the performance of the engine assembly, including the torque and the maximum power of the engine mainly at low engine speed. It can be seen on a motor cycle that alternating closed and open positions of fast control valve 13 makes it possible to reduce losses by pumping the motor while optimizing its performance.
- An EGR line 1 1 may have a tapping on one of the two exhaust ducts to take a portion of the exhaust gas from the duct and a cooler 23 of the exhaust gas passing through this line 1 1, these gas being then very hot. This stitching can be done through the turbine 2 as shown in Figure 2 but this is not mandatory.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1551016A FR3032486B1 (fr) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Ensemble moteur turbocompresse a deux conduits d’echappement avec vanne de regulation rapide |
PCT/FR2016/050180 WO2016128640A1 (fr) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-01-28 | Ensemble moteur turbocompresse a deux conduits d'echappement avec vanne de regulation rapide |
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EP3256706A1 true EP3256706A1 (fr) | 2017-12-20 |
Family
ID=52829126
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16707848.4A Withdrawn EP3256706A1 (fr) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-01-28 | Ensemble moteur turbocompresse a deux conduits d'echappement avec vanne de regulation rapide |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3256706A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3032486B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016128640A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR3065033B1 (fr) * | 2017-04-05 | 2021-03-12 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Ensemble moteur turbocompresse a deux conduits d’echappement a reintroduction de gaz brules |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2835882B1 (fr) | 2002-02-13 | 2004-10-01 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Moteur a combustion interne, notamment a essence, equipe d'un turbocompresseur et d'une distribution variable |
US7137381B1 (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-11-21 | Ricardo, Inc. | Indirect variable valve actuation for an internal combustion engine |
DE102007047728A1 (de) * | 2007-10-05 | 2008-11-06 | Rudolf Huttary | Verbrennungsmaschine mit variabler synchroner Gaswechselsteuerung |
US8495992B2 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2013-07-30 | Borgwarner Inc. | Controlling exhaust gas flow divided between turbocharging and exhaust gas recirculating |
DE102009058130A1 (de) * | 2009-12-12 | 2011-06-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Brennkraftmaschinensystem und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren |
FR2990471B1 (fr) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-05-16 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Architecture moteur a double collecteur d'echappement et reservoir haute pression |
US9624823B2 (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2017-04-18 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Internal combustion engine with deactivatable cylinder, and method for operating an internal combustion engine of said type |
-
2015
- 2015-02-09 FR FR1551016A patent/FR3032486B1/fr active Active
-
2016
- 2016-01-28 WO PCT/FR2016/050180 patent/WO2016128640A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2016-01-28 EP EP16707848.4A patent/EP3256706A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3032486B1 (fr) | 2017-02-17 |
WO2016128640A1 (fr) | 2016-08-18 |
FR3032486A1 (fr) | 2016-08-12 |
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