EP3255243B1 - Extraktionsverfahren von natürlichen materialien, insbesondere felsgestein - Google Patents

Extraktionsverfahren von natürlichen materialien, insbesondere felsgestein Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3255243B1
EP3255243B1 EP17174565.6A EP17174565A EP3255243B1 EP 3255243 B1 EP3255243 B1 EP 3255243B1 EP 17174565 A EP17174565 A EP 17174565A EP 3255243 B1 EP3255243 B1 EP 3255243B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holes
ground
block
extraction
producing
Prior art date
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Application number
EP17174565.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3255243A1 (de
Inventor
Philippe MORANNE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ctic Sarl
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Ctic Sarl
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/22—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces
    • G04B19/221—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces mechanisms for correcting the hours hand only, i.e. independently for minutes and seconds hands
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/26—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
    • E21C47/10—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines for quarrying stone, sand, gravel, or clay
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/02—Back-gearing arrangements between gear train and hands
    • G04B19/025—Back-gearing arrangements between gear train and hands for simultaneous indicating on several dials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B27/00—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means
    • G04B27/005—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means stepwise or on determined values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B27/00—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means
    • G04B27/02—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means by making use of the winding means
    • G04B27/04—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means by making use of the winding means with clutch wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of extracting natural materials, including rocks.
  • the field of the present invention is thus in particular the exploitation of quarries to obtain rocks (granite, sandstone, ...) intended subsequently to be used for example in the field of construction.
  • the present invention aims to further optimize the exploitation of a career, and more generally the extraction of natural materials.
  • An object of the invention is to limit the loss of material and thus to allow maximum use of the extracted material. This allows, in addition to an increase in the yield of the site, to limit the amount of "waste" to be treated and evacuated.
  • Another object of the present invention is also to limit the nuisance, sound and aesthetics, during the extraction of rocks or the like. Preferably, these nuisances are so limited that it becomes reasonable to bring the extraction site of the place of use of the extracted materials.
  • Another object of the present invention is to allow the "reuse" of the land once the extraction of materials is complete.
  • the footprint on the soil surface is controlled because it is limited to mesh holes. Moreover, after exploitation of the rock, there remains a hole of limited size that it is enough to secure. No "visual" nuisance is produced: the site is only slightly affected by the exploitation of the natural material. This process also allows excellent performance because it operates only by cutting. It is even possible to recover holes from the mesh of holes because the latter are of a fairly large diameter.
  • the holes in the ground preferably define a rectangular mesh and preferably square. In this way, it is possible to keep tooling settings during many cutting and other operations.
  • the holes made in the ground are for example circular cylindrical holes whose diameter is between 2 and 3 m, preferably between 2.2 and 2.6 m. This size of hole allows in particular to use the material removed to make these holes and thus limit losses. It also facilitates the introduction of the tooling to make the cuts of the natural material for the formation of the bars. In this configuration, it is also possible that the axes of two adjacent holes are spaced from each other by a distance of between 5 and 10 m, preferably between 6 and 8 m.
  • the depth of the holes made corresponds to several times the height of a bar and / or several times the height of a block, and steps b) to e) are repeated so as to make a cavity, also called well, deeper and deeper in the ground.
  • the substantially vertical holes are advantageously made by peripheral cut so as to recover at least a portion of the corresponding material.
  • a peripheral cut can be made with a tool such as the one described and claimed in the document WO-2013/057442 .
  • the present invention also relates to a method of operating a quarry, characterized in that it comprises the implementation of an extraction method as described above.
  • Such an operating method comprises defined steps for the extraction of natural material from the ground, said steps being implemented so as to produce a well and this method of operation further comprises a step of fitting said well, for example by making a floor in said well.
  • This floor can cover the bottom of the well-for example concrete screed (or other). It can also be the realization at an intermediate height (or several intermediate heights) of a floor. Any material (concrete, slabs, metal beams, wood, etc.) can be used for the realization of this floor.
  • this operating method it is also possible to provide steps for producing a building with a roof at least partially covering the network of holes made in the ground, said building being able to be made before making the holes. in the ground.
  • the realization of a building with a roof is independent of the realization of wells and / or soil (s) in a well.
  • Such a building makes it possible to carry out the extraction of natural material under cover and thus to greatly improve the working conditions of the workers involved in carrying out this extraction.
  • the holes will be holes extending vertically from the surface 4 of the soil. This orientation is natural and it will facilitate subsequent operations, especially when it will lift large masses to extract them from the ground.
  • the holes 6 are preferably circular cylindrical holes. This form is the easiest to achieve.
  • the holes will preferably be made with a drilling device that makes the hole by rotating a drilling tool around the ground about an axis of rotation.
  • the holes 6 made have for example a diameter of the order of 2.4 to 2.5 m.
  • Carrots 8 are obtained which have a diameter of more than 2 m and which can be fully exploited after cutting, shaping and other treatments.
  • the network of holes 6 is made for example on the basis of a rectangular mesh, or preferably square.
  • the pitch between two adjacent holes 6 is for example between 5 and 10 m, preferably between 6 and 8 m. These dimensions are given by way of illustration to give an order of magnitude associated with the process described here. They are however not limiting. Of course, depending on the uses that will be made of the rock, or other natural material, extracted, the dimensions of the holes and the mesh will be adapted. For reasons of manipulation, it is also not possible to cut too large blocks of rock that would not be transportable.
  • FIG. 2 A second step is illustrated on the Figure 2 ( Figures 2A and 2B ). This is to extract the rock (it will be assumed in the following description that the natural material used here is rock, for example granite, without the extraction process being limited exclusively to this type of rock. material).
  • a piece of rock called bar 10
  • a first vertical cut 12 is made between two adjacent holes to a given depth, then, still between the same two holes 6, a second vertical cut 14 is made parallel to and at a distance from the first vertical cutout. 12.
  • the two vertical cuts are made to the same depth. They can be made with a cutting wire such as that described in the aforementioned document or also with a cutting system of the type described in the document. FR2725931 or even WO-89/08525 .
  • the cutting device can penetrate into the ground at the two holes 6 at the ends of the bar 10. In this way, a portion of rock attached to the rest of the ground only by a lower face. To detach the bar 10 from the floor 2, it suffices that at the end of the second vertical cut 14, the cutting system changes cutting direction to come cut horizontally and come and join the bottom of the first vertical cut 12.
  • Lifting means not described here can then be used to come out of the bar 10 soil.
  • These lifting means may be conventional lifting means, known to those skilled in the art, usually used to lift heavy loads (blocks of rock) in a quarry.
  • a strip 10 will have a length of the order of 5 m, a width of the order of 2 m and a height determined according to the use to be made of the rock of the bar 10 and of course the lifting possibilities of the lifting means used. Depending on the latter, the dimensions of the mesh of holes in the ground will have already been adapted.
  • the Figures 2A and 2B suggest to successively remove strips 10 from the ground until reaching the bottom of two neighboring holes 6.
  • the cutting device remains in place at two neighboring holes 6 until all the bars 10 that can be cut between these two holes are removed from the ground.
  • holes 6 are arranged, in the purely illustrative embodiment of the drawing, in a mesh square mesh, three lines L1, L2 and L3 and eight columns C1 to C8.
  • bars 10 oriented in the direction of the columns Ci are extracted from the ground.
  • the method here can be quite the same as for the first bar 10 as proposed above.
  • the bars 10 are extracted from the ground on column C1 between lines L1 and L2.
  • each block has in a top view a substantially square shape of about 5 m side.
  • the height of the block of rock is adapted here also according to the intended use of the rock and the lifting possibilities of the lifting means available.
  • a block of high height is desired (for example with a dimension greater than 5 m in the previous numerical example)
  • a horizontal cut is made at the desired height and, in order to be able to lift the rock from the ground with the lifting means available, additional vertical cuts are provided.
  • the figure 6 proposes to cut a block into six "sub-blocks". For example, there are "sub-blocks" having dimensions of 6.0 x 2.5 x 1.7 m.
  • the figure 7 illustrates the soil 2 once the operation is completed.
  • the surrounding terrain is thus not weakened by the exploitation of the soil which has been made.
  • the size of each well will depend on the nature of the land and its stability and / or the subsequent possible use of the well.
  • An originality of the proposed process is indeed the possibility of rehabilitation of the exploitation site that it proposes.
  • the extraction is carried out not only according to the constraints related to the extraction but also according to the site use forecasts thereafter, once the rock extraction or the like completed.
  • the nuisances are limited with the method described above. Of course, there is noise pollution due to the operation of the equipment used, the means of transport and the drilling and cutting devices of the rock. However, they are limited compared to the nuisance usually found in a rock quarry. It is mainly the aesthetic nuisance that is the most reduced. After exploitation of the soil and extraction of the rock, there are holes in the soil that do not denature the surrounding landscape.
  • a slab can be made at the bottom or at an intermediate height in a well so as to form one or more floor (s) in the well. It is possible to build a semi-buried building.
  • the wells can also be used for the storage of materials, or as a water reserve, or as an anaerobic digestion tank, ....
  • the proposed method is also well suited to small farms (for example limited to two wells as shown in the accompanying drawing) that large farms: it suffices to adapt the network of holes, the depth operating. Wells can be made or not, etc.
  • the process - and therefore the place of exploitation - can be implemented near a city or a site of use of extracted rocks.
  • the proposed process can adapt to any type of terrain (plan, slope, ). It is extremely flexible and can adapt to any configuration.
  • the present invention is not limited to the method described above and the variants envisaged. It also relates to all the variants mentioned and variants within the scope of the skilled person within the scope of the claims below.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zum Abbauen von natürlichen Materialien aus einem Boden (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    a) Bilden eines Netzes von im Wesentlichen vertikalen Löchern (6) im Boden (2) gemäß einem vordefinierten Gitternetz, wobei die Löcher (6) einen Durchmesser von mehr als 1 m aufweisen,
    b) Bilden von zwei im Wesentlichen vertikalen Einschnitten (12, 14) zwischen zwei benachbarten Löchern (6),
    c) Bilden eines im Wesentlichen horizontalen Einschnitts zwischen zwei vertikalen Einschnitten (12, 14), sodass ein Block, genannt Steg, gelöst wird, der sich zwischen zwei benachbarten Löchern (6) befindet, und Abbauen des Stegs (10),
    d) Wiederholen der Schritte b) und c), sodass ein Graben von vieleckiger Form gebildet wird, der auf diese Weise einen Block begrenzt,
    e) Bilden eines horizontalen Einschnitts unter dem Block, sodass dieser vom Boden losgemacht wird, und Abbauen des Blocks, wobei der Block zusammenhängend sein oder aus mehreren Stücken bestehen kann.
  2. Abbauverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (6) im Boden (2) ein rechtwinkliges Gitternetz definieren.
  3. Abbauverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die im Boden (2) gebildeten Löcher (6) kreisförmige zylindrische Löcher sind, deren Durchmesser zwischen 2 und 3 m, vorzugsweise zwischen 2,2 und 2,6 m, liegt.
  4. Abbauverfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Achsen von zwei benachbarten Löchern (6) mit einem Abstand voneinander beabstandet sind, der zwischen 5 und 10 m, vorzugsweise zwischen 6 und 8 m, liegt.
  5. Abbauverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tiefe der gebildeten Löcher (6) einem Mehrfachen der Höhe eines Stegs (10) und/oder einem Mehrfachen der Höhe eines Blocks entspricht und dass die Schritte b) bis e) wiederholt werden, sodass ein immer tieferer Hohlraum, auch Schacht (20) genannt, im Boden gebildet wird.
  6. Abbauverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schritte des Bildens und Abbauens von Stegen (10) und Blöcken wiederholt werden, sodass wenigstens zwei benachbarte Schächte (20) gebildet werden, wobei ein Schacht (20) dem Abbau mehrerer aneinandergrenzender Stege (10) und Blöcke entspricht und die zwei Schächte (20) wenigstens teilweise durch eine im Wesentlichen vertikale Wand getrennt wind.
  7. Abbauverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die im Wesentlichen vertikalen Löcher (6) gebildet werden, indem ein Umfangseinschnitt gebildet wird, sodass wenigstens ein Teil des entsprechenden Materials rückgewonnen wird.
  8. Verfahren zur Ausbeutung eines Steinbruchs, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es das Ausführen eines Abbauverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 umfasst.
  9. Ausbeutungsverfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Anspruch 1 definierten Schritte derart ausgeführt werden, dass ein Schacht (20) gebildet wird, und dass das Ausbeutungsverfahren in diesem Fall einen Schritt der Ausgestaltung des Schachts umfasst, um einen Fußboden in dem Schacht zu bilden.
  10. Ausbeutungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Schritte der Errichtung eines Gebäudes mit einem Dach umfasst, welches das im Boden gebildete Netz von Löchern wenigstens teilweise bedeckt, wobei das Gebäude errichtet werden kann, bevor die Löcher im Boden gebildet werden.
EP17174565.6A 2016-06-06 2017-06-06 Extraktionsverfahren von natürlichen materialien, insbesondere felsgestein Active EP3255243B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1655131A FR3052181B1 (fr) 2016-06-06 2016-06-06 Procede d'extraction de materiaux naturels, notamment de roches

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3255243A1 EP3255243A1 (de) 2017-12-13
EP3255243B1 true EP3255243B1 (de) 2019-02-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17174565.6A Active EP3255243B1 (de) 2016-06-06 2017-06-06 Extraktionsverfahren von natürlichen materialien, insbesondere felsgestein

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EP (1) EP3255243B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2724407T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3052181B1 (de)
PT (1) PT3255243T (de)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2600375B1 (fr) 1986-06-18 1988-11-04 Bristot Frederic Procede d'exploitation de carriere et de debitage direct de pierres ou autres et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
GB8805842D0 (en) * 1988-03-11 1988-04-13 Scient Generics Ltd Machining of pockets within workpiece
FR2725931A1 (fr) 1994-10-20 1996-04-26 Dg Construction Procede et dispositif pour couper une surface dans un bloc de matiere et machine comprenant un tel dispositif
FR2981682B1 (fr) 2011-10-19 2013-12-27 Ctic Sarl Dispositif de forage de grand diametre
CN102678125B (zh) * 2012-05-08 2015-03-18 江显秋 用于矿材洞采的锯绳切割设备及矿材洞采方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2724407T3 (es) 2019-09-10
EP3255243A1 (de) 2017-12-13
FR3052181B1 (fr) 2018-07-06
FR3052181A1 (fr) 2017-12-08
PT3255243T (pt) 2019-05-28

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