EP3253707B1 - Crane, in particular bridge crane or gantry crane, having at least one crane girder - Google Patents

Crane, in particular bridge crane or gantry crane, having at least one crane girder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3253707B1
EP3253707B1 EP16703154.1A EP16703154A EP3253707B1 EP 3253707 B1 EP3253707 B1 EP 3253707B1 EP 16703154 A EP16703154 A EP 16703154A EP 3253707 B1 EP3253707 B1 EP 3253707B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crane
struts
girder
strut
longitudinal direction
Prior art date
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EP16703154.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3253707A1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Passmann
Richard KREISNER
Thomas SCHLIERBACH-KNOBLOCH
Stefan Noll
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Konecranes Global Oy
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Konecranes Global Oy
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Publication of EP3253707A1 publication Critical patent/EP3253707A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C6/00—Girders, or track-supporting structures, specially adapted for cranes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/005—Girders or columns that are rollable, collapsible or otherwise adjustable in length or height
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E04C3/09—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0495—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in several non-parallel surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crane, in particular a gantry crane or gantry crane, with at least one horizontally extending crane girder designed as a truss with several struts, on which a crane trolley can be moved with a hoist, at least some of the struts being flat and the flat struts each one have a flat main surface, each extending transversely to a longitudinal direction of the crane girder.
  • Such a crane is from the German published application DE 10 2012 102 808 A1 known.
  • the struts are arranged in pairs in the manner of a gable roof and a vertically extending post is provided between the struts of each pair of struts.
  • An upper chord and a lower chord of the crane girder are connected to each other via the struts and the posts.
  • the struts for stiffening have bevelled long sides. Due to the bevels of the long sides, secondary surfaces are formed between lower first and upper second recesses, which adjoin the main surfaces as so-called buckling stiffeners, are bent at approximately a right angle with respect to the main surfaces and point transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane girder.
  • struts are generally considered to be those load-bearing elements of a truss structure that have an oblique or diagonal course. This distinguishes the struts of a truss structure from the load-bearing elements, which run exclusively vertically and are called posts.
  • the sheet-like struts or surface struts preferably absorb forces in the direction of their longitudinal axis and thus in the plane of extension of their flat main surface.
  • such surface elements or surface structures are referred to as disks, whereas surface elements loaded perpendicularly to their extension plane or main surface are referred to as plates.
  • Panels and thus the existing surface struts differ, for example, from bars or rod-shaped posts and struts in that their thickness dimensions are significantly smaller than the length and width dimensions determining the planar extent of the disk. Accordingly, flat struts are also called surface struts or disc struts.
  • a bridge crane is known with a crane girder designed as a truss, which has rod-shaped struts in a pair-wise X-shaped arrangement.
  • the DE 32 22 307 A1 discloses a bridge girder designed as a truss girder, the flat struts of which are arranged in pairs in an X-shape.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a corresponding crane, in particular overhead crane or gantry crane, with at least one improved crane girder.
  • the at least one crane girder is advantageously improved in that at least a first strut and a second strut form a pair of struts and are arranged in an X shape relative to one another transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane girder ,
  • the crane girders improved in this way are characterized in particular by the fact that no posts have to be used to ensure the required stability of the crane girder. As a result, the number of parts can be reduced and material can be saved. At the same time, the torsional rigidity compared to the increase known truss crane girders. The risk of bulging of the flat struts and individual crane girder areas can also be reduced by the X-shaped arrangement of the crossing struts.
  • each pair of struts each have a cutout in one of their long sides and the two struts are plugged together over the two cutouts.
  • a simple manufacture of the crane is achieved in that the two struts of each pair of struts are welded together in the area of the cutouts.
  • the recesses in the struts of each pair of struts are designed such that the mutually associated longitudinal sides of the X-shaped struts are arranged flush. As a result, a particularly uniform and thus secure mutual support of the two struts of each pair of struts is achieved.
  • the recesses extend from the respective longitudinal side in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the strut, preferably extend in a rectangular shape, in particular up to the longitudinal axis, and are preferably arranged in the region of half the strut length.
  • a first recess and a second recess are provided in the main surfaces on each longitudinal side of the struts and that the longitudinal sides of at least some of the sheet-like struts are designed without bends, at least between the first and second recesses. This can further reduce the manufacturing effort. Due to the preferably round recesses, the main surface is constricted transversely to the longitudinal axis, as a result of which the struts in each of these areas form a type of membrane joint and produce an optimized flow of force through the strut.
  • the long sides are formed without bends over their entire length. This allows the manufacturing effort to be reduced even further.
  • a first recess and a second recess are provided in the main surfaces and at least one of the long sides of the struts of a pair of struts is folded between a crossover region of the struts and the recesses and one is in contact with the Main surface adjoining beveled secondary surface, which preferably points transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane girder. Due to the preferably round recesses, the main surface is constricted transversely to the longitudinal axis, as a result of which the struts in each of these areas form a type of membrane joint and produce an optimized flow of force through the strut.
  • the combination of the X-shaped arrangement of struts with diaphragm joints and additional side areas as buckling stiffeners improve the load-bearing capacity and torsional rigidity of the crane girder, particularly with large crane girder heights, and additionally reduce the risk of bulging individual crane girder areas.
  • each long side between the intersection area and the recesses is folded and has a bevelled secondary surface adjoining the main surface.
  • a bridge or gantry crane which is particularly advantageous in terms of construction and production technology is achieved in that the crane girder comprises at least one upper girder extending in a straight line in its longitudinal direction and at least one lower girder arranged parallel thereto, the upper girder and the lower girder being arranged over several along the longitudinal direction of the crane girder Struts are interconnected.
  • the crane comprises two crane girders arranged in parallel and at a distance from one another.
  • the Figure 1 shows a crane 1 designed as a single-girder bridge crane.
  • the crane 1 comprises a crane girder 2 designed as a lattice girder, which is aligned horizontally and extends with a length L in its longitudinal direction LR.
  • the crane girder 2 of the crane 1 forms, with its first and second undercarriages 7, 8 fastened at its opposite ends, a crane bridge which is essentially double T-shaped in plan view.
  • the crane 1 can be moved on the rails 7, 8 in a horizontal direction of travel F transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 on rails, not shown.
  • the rails are usually arranged high against a floor and can for this purpose, for example, be mounted on a suitable supporting structure or attached to building walls located opposite one another.
  • the first undercarriage 7 is driven by a first electric motor 7a and the second undercarriage 8 by a second electric motor 8a.
  • a crane trolley 9 is suspended from the crane girder 2 with a hoist designed as a cable pull, which can be moved transversely to the direction of travel F of the crane 1 and along the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 by means of trolleys (not shown).
  • the crane trolley 9 can be moved along and on laterally protruding running surfaces 4c of a lower flange 4 of the crane girder 2.
  • the crane 1 also includes a crane control 10 and a suspension control switch 11 connected to it, by means of which the crane 1 or the electric motors 7a, 8a and the crane trolley 9 can be controlled and operated separately from one another with the cable pull.
  • a load suspension device of the cable pull arranged on the crane trolley 9 can be lowered or raised.
  • the Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a section of a crane girder 2 according to the invention for the crane 1 according to the Figure 1 ,
  • the truss structure of the crane girder 2 essentially comprises an upper chord 3, a lower chord 4 and a plurality of struts 5 running diagonally therebetween, via which the upper chord 3 is firmly connected to the lower chord 4.
  • the struts 5 are flat and bend-free and, viewed transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2, are arranged in pairs in an X-shape.
  • the X-shaped arrangement of the Struts 5 and the structure of the struts 5 are explained in detail below.
  • the truss construction of the crane girder 2 is completed at the opposite ends of the upper chord 3 and the lower chord 4 via an end piece 6 (see Figure 1 ).
  • the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 are connected to a frame via these end pieces 6.
  • the trolleys 7, 8 are attached to the end pieces 6.
  • the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 each extend in a straight line, parallel and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 between the trolleys 7, 8.
  • the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 are vertically spaced apart.
  • the upper chord 3 is composed of two first and second upper chord profiles 3d, 3e arranged in a horizontal plane and horizontally spaced apart.
  • the two upper chord profiles 3d, 3e are each formed by an L or angled profile carrier with a leg 3a oriented vertically downward and a horizontal flange 3f arranged at right angles thereto.
  • the flanges 3f of the upper flange profiles 3d, 3e preferably lie in a horizontal plane with an upper end face of the struts 5.
  • the lower flange is formed by two lower flange profiles 4d, 4e.
  • the downward legs 3a of the upper flange 3 and the upward legs 4a of the lower flange 4 face each other.
  • a width B of the crane girder 2 also results from the distance between the outermost edges of the upper chord 3 or the lower chord 4, as seen in the longitudinal direction LR (see Figure 3 ).
  • the lower flange 4 can also be formed by a one-piece flat profile 4b with two vertically standing legs 4a and a horizontal flange 4f connecting the legs 4a, so that there is approximately a U-shaped cross section.
  • the flange 4f of the flat profile 4b is extended laterally beyond the legs 4a (see also Figure 3 ).
  • the opposite ends of the flange 4f of the flat profile 4b each form a running surface 4c for trolleys of the crane trolley 9.
  • the upper chord 3 can in principle also be formed by a corresponding flat profile 3b.
  • each X-shaped strut pair is provided, each comprising a first strut 5h and a second strut 5i.
  • the each Pairwise X-shaped arrangement of struts 5 seen in the longitudinal direction LR is repeated until the opposite end in the form of the other end piece 6 of the crane girder 2 is reached.
  • a pair of struts is arranged between the two ends of the crane girder 2.
  • the first strut 5h of this strut pair is welded to the upper flange 3 in a first upper node OK1 and the second strut 5i is welded to the lower flange 4 in a first lower node UK1. Accordingly, the first strut 5h runs diagonally down to a second lower node UK2 on the lower flange 4 and the second strut 5i runs diagonally up to a second upper node OK2 on the upper flange 3.
  • the two struts 5h and 5i of each pair of struts each have a slot-shaped recess 5g (see Figure 4 ) on.
  • the two struts 5h and 5i are plugged together via the cutouts 5g, forming an intersection area KB.
  • the struts 5h and 5i can not only be plugged together, but can also be welded to one another by weld seams S running along the two recesses 5g in the intersection area KB.
  • Each strut 5 is inclined at an angle of attack ⁇ with respect to an imaginary vertical auxiliary plane which runs at right angles to the upper chord 3 and lower chord 4 which extend in the longitudinal direction LR.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ is enclosed by the flat main surface 5a of the respective strut 5 and the auxiliary plane.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ is shown between the main surface 5a and an auxiliary line HL which lies in the auxiliary plane.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ is preferably in a range from 35 ° to 55 ° and is particularly preferably 45 °.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ is preferably determined before assembly, so that an even number of struts 5, each with the same length and at the same angle of attack ⁇ , are used and all struts 5 can be arranged in an X-shaped manner.
  • the X-shaped arrangement of the struts 5 results in a correspondingly large one Number of upper nodes OK and lower nodes UK (see Figure 1 ), whereby the upper chord 3 or lower chord 4 serving as a rail for the crane trolley 9 is reinforced against deflection and bulging and the crane girder 2 is stiffened and stabilized overall. In this way, it is also possible to dispense with the use of vertical posts for support between the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 in addition to the struts 5.
  • the struts 5 are aligned within the framework structure of the crane girder 2 such that their main surface 5a extends transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2.
  • the struts 5 are arranged with their lower first strut ends 5e between the two legs 4a of the lower flange 4 pointing vertically upward.
  • the struts 5 are arranged between the two legs 3a of the upper chord 3 pointing vertically downward.
  • the upper flange 3 lies with the inner sides of its legs 3a and the lower flange 4 with the inner sides of its legs 4a on longitudinal sides 5b of the struts 5 which run parallel to this.
  • the struts 5 are welded to the legs 3a, 4a along weld seams S formed there only in the region of their corresponding longitudinal sides 5b (see Figure 3 ). Seen transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2, only one strut 5 is therefore always provided between the legs 3a, 4a of the upper chord 3 or lower chord 4.
  • the Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the crane girder 2 according to FIG Figure 2 , whose section runs vertically and transversely to the longitudinal direction LR between two adjacent pairs of struts. Accordingly, in the Figure 3 a view of the intersection area KB based on Figure 2 described strut pair shown. The upper half of the first strut 5h and the lower half of the second strut 5i of the pair of struts, which are constructed identically to the first strut 5h, are shown, as a result of which the basic structure of all the flat struts 5 becomes clear.
  • the struts 5 are designed as a sheet metal profile with an elongated shape and a main surface 5a with an essentially rectangular cross section.
  • the struts 5 are preferably produced by laser cutting from a steel sheet which forms the main surface 5a.
  • the main surface 5a is essentially delimited by longitudinal sides 5b running parallel to the longitudinal axis LA and extends along the longitudinal axis LA of the strut 5.
  • the main surface 5a of the strut 5 extends with a strut width SB over at least half the width B of the crane girder 2 transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2.
  • the width B corresponds here the distance of the outermost points of the lower flange 4 as seen in the longitudinal direction LR or - as in the case in FIG Figure 3 shown crane girder 2 - the upper chord 3, in particular the flanges 3f, 4f directed outwards from the longitudinal axis LA.
  • a lower first recess 5c and an upper second recess 5d are provided on both longitudinal sides 5b of the struts 5.
  • the recesses 5c, 5d create a constriction of the main surface 5a transversely to the longitudinal axis LA in the area of each strut end 5e, 5f, as a result of which the struts 5 each form a type of membrane joint in these areas.
  • the first and second recesses 5c, 5d are round, preferably in the form of a circular arc, and with regard to the fastening of the struts 5 to the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 of the crane girder 2, the force flow through the welded in the region of the strut ends 5e and 5f Struts 5 optimized and the welds S there or the associated weld outlets are relieved.
  • the recesses 5c, 5d are preferably outside the legs 3a, 4a, but adjoin them.
  • the slot-like recesses 5g of the two struts 5h and 5i are covered and therefore not shown.
  • the design of the recesses 5g is shown below using the Figure 4 described.
  • the cutouts 5g in the struts 5h and 5i of each pair of struts are designed in particular in such a way that the struts 5h and 5i which are plugged together and arranged in an X-shape can be arranged flush with their mutually associated longitudinal sides 5b.
  • the recesses 5g of the two struts 5h and 5i each extend from the corresponding longitudinal side 5b at right angles to the longitudinal side 5b with a recess length AL approximately to the longitudinal axis LA.
  • the struts 5h and 5i must be positioned such that the cutouts 5g are in each case opposite longitudinal sides 5b of the struts 5h and 5i are arranged.
  • a weld seam S runs along the two recess lengths AL over the entire strut width SB.
  • the struts 5h and 5i are preferably welded, seen in the longitudinal direction LR, on both sides of the crossing region KB.
  • each recess 5g is arranged on one of the two longitudinal sides 5b in the center, that is to say in the region of half the strut length, with respect to the entire strut length.
  • the recesses 5g are arranged eccentrically with respect to the entire strut length and, accordingly, the intersection area KB is not arranged halfway up the X-shaped strut pair.
  • rectangular-shaped slots can be provided on the lower first strut end 5e and / or the upper second strut end 5f in the main surface 5a so that the struts 5 can be welded to the upper flange 3 or lower flange 4 on the legs 3a or 4a réellestecken. It is also conceivable that the two legs 3a or the two legs 4a are not spaced equally far apart and then accordingly the longitudinal sides 5b in the region of the strut ends 5e, 5f are spaced differently apart from one another in order to rest against the legs 3a and 4a and being able to be welded to it.
  • FIG 4 is a view of a strut 5 of the crane girder 2 according to Figure 2 , In particular, the position of the recess 5g in the main surface 5a which is central with respect to the entire strut length is shown.
  • the recess 5g extends, starting from one of the two longitudinal sides 5b, essentially in a rectangular shape and with a recess width AB up to the longitudinal axis LA.
  • the recess width AB corresponds at least to the sheet metal thickness of the main surface 5a of the struts 5, in order to be able to accommodate these when they are plugged together to form a pair of struts.
  • the long sides 5b are formed over their entire length and thus over the entire length of the strut without bends. Accordingly, the long sides 5b and the main surface 5a lie in a common plane spanned by the main surface 5a, and bends of the long sides 5b to form what are known as buckling stiffeners are not provided.
  • FIG Figure 5 A perspective view of a pair of struts with such struts 5 is shown in FIG Figure 5 shown.
  • the long sides 5b of the struts 5 are bent or bent approximately at right angles to the main surface 5a.
  • the secondary surfaces 5j formed in this way and adjoining the main surfaces 5a point transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2.
  • the struts 5 can have an L, U or Z-shaped cross section when viewed in the direction of their longitudinal axis LA.
  • the struts 5 on their longitudinal sides 5b have, in addition to the first and second recesses 5c and 5d, further identically designed third recesses 5k and fourth recesses 5l, each in pairs on each longitudinal side 5b between the secondary surface 5j and the intersection area KB are arranged. Accordingly, the struts 5 would each have four secondary surfaces 5j and additionally two third recesses 5k and two fourth recesses 5l, which in the same way as the recesses 5c, 5d form additional membrane joints.
  • the struts 5 run freely between the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 and do not support one another, as in the X-shaped arrangement.
  • the struts 5 then differ from the embodiment used for the X-shaped strut pairs in that they are mirror-symmetrical with respect to their longitudinal axis LA and in this case have no cutouts 5g.
  • the membrane joints described above are always provided both in the case of struts 5 which are free of bends and also provided with secondary surfaces.
  • a plurality of vertically extending posts are provided alongside the struts 5 for support
  • the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 are arranged between individual struts 5 or pairs of struts and also firmly connect the upper chord 3 and the lower chord 4 to one another.
  • the posts are preferably of a flat design analogous to the struts 5 and welded to the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4. With small total strut lengths of struts 5, support via posts is not necessary.
  • the crane 1 can of course not only be designed as a single-girder crane, but also as a two-girder crane, which then accordingly comprises two crane girders 2 according to the invention, at the ends of which, in turn, trolleys 7, 8 are fastened, so that seen in plan view, a frame is formed.
  • the crane trolley 9 is not necessarily suspended from the lower chords 4 of the crane girder 2, but can also run on the upper chords 3 of the two crane girders 2. Accordingly, the crane trolley 9 arranged centrally between crane girders 2 can be moved along the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girders 2 and between the two crane girders 2.
  • the load suspension device of the cable pull arranged on the crane trolley 9 can be lowered or raised between the two crane girders 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Leg Units, Guards, And Driving Tracks Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kran, insbesondere Brückenkran oder Portalkran, mit mindestens einem sich horizontal erstreckenden und als Fachwerkträger mit mehreren Streben ausgebildeten Kranträger, an dem eine Krankatze mit einem Hebezeug verfahrbar ist, wobei zumindest einige der Streben flächenförmig ausgebildet sind und die flächenförmigen Streben jeweils eine ebene Hauptfläche aufweisen, die sich jeweils quer zu einer Längsrichtung des Kranträgers erstreckt.The invention relates to a crane, in particular a gantry crane or gantry crane, with at least one horizontally extending crane girder designed as a truss with several struts, on which a crane trolley can be moved with a hoist, at least some of the struts being flat and the flat struts each one have a flat main surface, each extending transversely to a longitudinal direction of the crane girder.

Ein derartiger Kran ist aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2012 102 808 A1 bekannt. Hierbei sind die Streben paarweise satteldachartig angeordnet und zwischen den Streben jedes Strebenpaars ist ein vertikal verlaufender Pfosten vorgesehen. Über die Streben und die Pfosten sind ein Obergurt und ein Untergurt des Kranträgers miteinander verbunden. Außerdem weisen die Streben zur Versteifung abgekantete Längsseiten auf. Durch die Abkantungen der Längsseiten sind zwischen unteren ersten und oberen zweiten Ausnehmungen Nebenflächen ausgebildet, die sich als so genannte Beulsteifen an die Hauptflächen anschließen, gegenüber den Hauptflächen in etwa im rechten Winkel umgebogen sind und quer zu der Längsrichtung des Kranträgers zeigen.Such a crane is from the German published application DE 10 2012 102 808 A1 known. The struts are arranged in pairs in the manner of a gable roof and a vertically extending post is provided between the struts of each pair of struts. An upper chord and a lower chord of the crane girder are connected to each other via the struts and the posts. In addition, the struts for stiffening have bevelled long sides. Due to the bevels of the long sides, secondary surfaces are formed between lower first and upper second recesses, which adjoin the main surfaces as so-called buckling stiffeners, are bent at approximately a right angle with respect to the main surfaces and point transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane girder.

In diesem Zusammenhang werden als Streben allgemein diejenigen tragenden Elemente einer Fachwerkkonstruktion angesehen, die einen schrägen beziehungsweise diagonalen Verlauf aufweisen. Dadurch unterscheiden sich die Streben einer Fachwerkkonstruktion von den tragenden Elementen, die ausschließlich vertikal verlaufen und als Pfosten bezeichnet werden. Außerdem nehmen die flächenförmigen Streben beziehungsweise Flächenstreben bevorzugt Kräfte in Richtung ihrer Längsachse und somit in der Erstreckungsebene ihrer ebenen Hauptfläche auf. Derartige Flächenelemente beziehungsweise Flächentragwerke werden in der technischen Mechanik als Scheiben bezeichnet, wohingegen senkrecht zu ihrer Erstreckungsebene beziehungsweise Hauptfläche belastete Flächenelemente als Platten bezeichnet werden. Scheiben und somit auch die vorliegenden Flächenstreben unterscheiden sich beispielsweise von Stäben beziehungsweise stabförmigen Pfosten und Streben dadurch, dass ihre Dickenabmessungen wesentlich kleiner sind als die die flächige Ausdehnung der Scheibe bestimmenden Längen- und Breitenabmessungen. Demnach werden flächenförmige Streben auch als Flächenstreben oder Scheibenstreben bezeichnet.In this context, struts are generally considered to be those load-bearing elements of a truss structure that have an oblique or diagonal course. This distinguishes the struts of a truss structure from the load-bearing elements, which run exclusively vertically and are called posts. In addition, the sheet-like struts or surface struts preferably absorb forces in the direction of their longitudinal axis and thus in the plane of extension of their flat main surface. In technical mechanics, such surface elements or surface structures are referred to as disks, whereas surface elements loaded perpendicularly to their extension plane or main surface are referred to as plates. Panels and thus the existing surface struts differ, for example, from bars or rod-shaped posts and struts in that their thickness dimensions are significantly smaller than the length and width dimensions determining the planar extent of the disk. Accordingly, flat struts are also called surface struts or disc struts.

Aus der US 2011/0247993 A1 ist ein Brückenkran mit einem als Fachwerkträger ausgebildeten Kranträger bekannt, der stabförmige Streben in einer paarweise X-förmigen Anordnung aufweist.From the US 2011/0247993 A1 a bridge crane is known with a crane girder designed as a truss, which has rod-shaped struts in a pair-wise X-shaped arrangement.

Die DE 32 22 307 A1 offenbart einen als Fachwerkträger ausgebildeten Brückenträger, dessen flächenförmige Streben paarweise x-förmig angeordnet sind.The DE 32 22 307 A1 discloses a bridge girder designed as a truss girder, the flat struts of which are arranged in pairs in an X-shape.

Weitere Fachwerkträger sind aus der US 327360 A und aus der DE 1 907 455 A bekannt.Other trusses are from the US 327360 A and from the DE 1 907 455 A known.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen entsprechenden Kran, insbesondere Brückenkran oder Portalkran, mit mindestens einem verbesserten Kranträger bereit zu stellen.The invention has for its object to provide a corresponding crane, in particular overhead crane or gantry crane, with at least one improved crane girder.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Kran, insbesondere Brückenkran oder Portalkran, mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. In den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 14 sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung angegeben.This object is achieved by a crane, in particular a gantry crane or gantry crane, with the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in subclaims 2 to 14.

Bei einem Kran, insbesondere Brückenkran oder Portalkran, mit mindestens einem sich horizontal erstreckenden und als Fachwerkträger mit mehreren Streben ausgebildeten Kranträger, an dem eine Krankatze mit einem Hebezeug verfahrbar ist, wobei zumindest einige der Streben flächenförmig ausgebildet sind und die flächenförmigen Streben jeweils eine ebene Hauptfläche aufweisen, die sich jeweils quer zu einer Längsrichtung des Kranträgers erstreckt, wird der mindestens eine Kranträger in vorteilhafter Weise dadurch verbessert, dass zumindest eine erste Strebe und eine zweite Strebe ein Strebenpaar bilden und quer zu der Längsrichtung des Kranträgers gesehen X-förmig zueinander angeordnet sind.In the case of a crane, in particular a gantry crane or gantry crane, with at least one horizontally extending crane girder designed as a truss girder with several struts, on which a crane trolley can be moved with a hoist, at least some of the struts being flat and the flat struts each having a flat main surface have, each extending transversely to a longitudinal direction of the crane girder, the at least one crane girder is advantageously improved in that at least a first strut and a second strut form a pair of struts and are arranged in an X shape relative to one another transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane girder ,

Im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Kranträgern in Fachwerkträgerbauweise zeichnen sich die derart verbesserten Kranträger insbesondere dadurch aus, dass keine Pfosten eingesetzt werden müssen, um die benötigte Stabilität des Kranträgers sicherzustellen. Hierdurch kann folglich die Teilevielfalt verringert und Material eingespart werden. Zugleich lässt sich die Torsionssteifigkeit gegenüber den bekannten Fachwerkkranträgern erhöhen. Auch die Gefahr des Ausbeulens der flächenförmigen Streben und einzelner Kranträgerbereiche kann durch die X-förmige Anordnung der sich kreuzenden Streben gesenkt werden.In contrast to the known crane girders in truss construction, the crane girders improved in this way are characterized in particular by the fact that no posts have to be used to ensure the required stability of the crane girder. As a result, the number of parts can be reduced and material can be saved. At the same time, the torsional rigidity compared to the increase known truss crane girders. The risk of bulging of the flat struts and individual crane girder areas can also be reduced by the X-shaped arrangement of the crossing struts.

In konstruktiv einfacher Weise ist vorgesehen, dass die zwei Streben jedes Strebenpaars jeweils eine Aussparung in einer ihrer Längsseiten aufweisen und die zwei Streben über die beiden Aussparungen zusammen gesteckt sind.It is provided in a structurally simple manner that the two struts of each pair of struts each have a cutout in one of their long sides and the two struts are plugged together over the two cutouts.

Eine einfache Fertigung des Krans wird dadurch erreicht, dass die zwei Streben jedes Strebenpaars im Bereich der Aussparungen miteinander verschweißt sind.A simple manufacture of the crane is achieved in that the two struts of each pair of struts are welded together in the area of the cutouts.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist außerdem vorgesehen, dass die Aussparungen in den Streben jedes Strebenpaars derart ausgebildet sind, dass die einander zugeordneten Längsseiten der X-förmig angeordneten Streben bündig angeordnet sind. Hierdurch wird eine besonders gleichmäßige und somit sichere gegenseitige Abstützung der beiden Streben jedes Strebenpaars erreicht.It is also advantageously provided that the recesses in the struts of each pair of struts are designed such that the mutually associated longitudinal sides of the X-shaped struts are arranged flush. As a result, a particularly uniform and thus secure mutual support of the two struts of each pair of struts is achieved.

In einer konstruktiv einfachen Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass die Aussparungen ausgehend von der jeweiligen Längsseite in Richtung einer Längsachse der Strebe verlaufen, sich vorzugsweise rechteckförmig, insbesondere bis zu der Längsachse, erstrecken und vorzugsweise im Bereich der halben Strebenlänge angeordnet sind.In a structurally simple embodiment, it is provided that the recesses extend from the respective longitudinal side in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the strut, preferably extend in a rectangular shape, in particular up to the longitudinal axis, and are preferably arranged in the region of half the strut length.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist außerdem vorgesehen, dass an jeder Längsseite der Streben eine erste Ausnehmung und eine zweite Ausnehmung in den Hauptflächen vorgesehen ist und die Längsseiten von zumindest einigen der flächenförmigen Streben zumindest zwischen den ersten und zweiten Ausnehmungen abkantungsfrei ausgebildet sind. Hierdurch lässt sich der Fertigungsaufwand weiter verringern. Durch die vorzugsweise runden Ausnehmungen wird die Hauptfläche quer zur Längsachse eingeschnürt, wodurch die Streben in diesen Bereichen jeweils eine Art Membrangelenk ausbilden und einen optimierten Kraftfluss durch die Strebe bewirken. Während bei herkömmlichen flächenförmigen Streben zur Herstellung von Nebenflächen zwischen den ersten und zweiten Ausnehmungen beziehungsweise Membrangelenken ein aufwändiges Abkanten bzw. Biegen der Längsseiten erforderlich ist, kann hierauf bei den abkantungsfreien flächenförmigen Streben verzichtet werden. Hierdurch können in vorteilhafter Weise die Abmaße, insbesondere die Länge und die Breite der sich quer zu der Längsrichtung des Kranträgers erstreckenden Hauptfläche, allein durch entsprechende Wahl der Blechdicke frei gewählt werden. Außerdem weisen die mit den erfindungsgemäßen Streben hergestellten Kranträger bedingt durch das Weglassen statisch nicht erforderlicher Blechbereiche und eine damit einhergehende Materialersparnis ein deutlich verringertes Eigengewicht und zugleich eine optimierte Tragfähigkeit auf.It is also advantageously provided that a first recess and a second recess are provided in the main surfaces on each longitudinal side of the struts and that the longitudinal sides of at least some of the sheet-like struts are designed without bends, at least between the first and second recesses. This can further reduce the manufacturing effort. Due to the preferably round recesses, the main surface is constricted transversely to the longitudinal axis, as a result of which the struts in each of these areas form a type of membrane joint and produce an optimized flow of force through the strut. While in the case of conventional sheet-like struts for the production of secondary surfaces between the first and second recesses or membrane joints, a complex bending or bending of the long sides is required, this can be dispensed with in the case of the sheet-free struts without any bends. This allows the dimensions, in particular, in an advantageous manner the length and the width of the main surface extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane girder can be freely chosen solely by appropriate choice of the sheet thickness. In addition, the crane girders produced with the struts according to the invention have a significantly reduced dead weight and, at the same time, an optimized load-bearing capacity due to the omission of statically unnecessary sheet metal areas and the associated material savings.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass die Längsseiten über ihre gesamte Länge abkantungsfrei ausgebildet sind. Dadurch lässt sich der Fertigungsaufwand noch weiter verringern.In a further embodiment, it is provided that the long sides are formed without bends over their entire length. This allows the manufacturing effort to be reduced even further.

In konstruktiv einfacher Weise ist vorgesehen, dass sich die abkantungsfreien Längsseiten ausschließlich in einer Ebene der jeweiligen Hauptfläche erstrecken.It is provided in a structurally simple manner that the long sides without any bends extend exclusively in one plane of the respective main surface.

Die vorgenannten Vorteile lassen sich weiter dadurch erhöhen, dass die Längsseiten von allen Streben abkantungsfrei ausgebildet sind. Indem hierfür auch alle Streben flächenförmig ausgebildet sind können gegenüber herkömmlichen Fachwerkkonstruktionen sämtliche individuell angepassten stabförmigen Streben oder flächenförmigen Streben mit aufwendig herzustellenden Nebenflächen durch einheitlich ausgebildete erfindungsgemäße flächenförmige Streben ersetzt werden. Dies führt zu einem erheblichen Fertigungsvorteil, da jede flächenförmige Strebe aus einem lasergeschnittenen Stahlblech ohne weitere aufwändige Fertigungsschritte hergestellt ist. Der Aufbau der Streben ist also allein durch entsprechendes Laserschneiden frei gestaltbar.The above-mentioned advantages can be further increased in that the long sides of all struts are designed without a bend. Because all the struts are flat for this purpose, all individually adapted rod-shaped struts or flat struts with complex side surfaces can be replaced by uniformly designed sheet-like struts according to the invention compared to conventional truss constructions. This leads to a considerable manufacturing advantage, since each sheet-like strut is made from a laser-cut steel sheet without further complex manufacturing steps. The structure of the struts can therefore be designed freely by appropriate laser cutting alone.

In einer alternativen verbesserten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass an jeder Längsseite der Streben eine erste Ausnehmung und eine zweite Ausnehmung in den Hauptflächen vorgesehen ist und zumindest eine der Längsseiten der Streben eines Strebenpaars zwischen einem Kreuzungsbereich der Streben und den Ausnehmungen abgekantet ist und eine sich an die Hauptfläche anschließende abgekantete Nebenfläche aufweist, die vorzugsweise quer zu der Längsrichtung des Kranträgers zeigt. Durch die vorzugsweise runden Ausnehmungen wird die Hauptfläche quer zur Längsachse eingeschnürt, wodurch die Streben in diesen Bereichen jeweils eine Art Membrangelenk ausbilden und einen optimierten Kraftfluss durch die Strebe bewirken. Die Kombination der X-förmigen Anordnung von Streben mit Membrangelenken und zusätzlich vorgesehen Nebenflächen als Beulsteifen verbessert die Tragfähigkeit und Torsionssteifigkeit des Kranträgers insbesondere bei großen Kranträgerbauhöhen und verringert die Gefahr eines Ausbeulens einzelner Kranträgerbereiche zusätzlich.In an alternative improved embodiment it is provided that on each long side of the struts a first recess and a second recess are provided in the main surfaces and at least one of the long sides of the struts of a pair of struts is folded between a crossover region of the struts and the recesses and one is in contact with the Main surface adjoining beveled secondary surface, which preferably points transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane girder. Due to the preferably round recesses, the main surface is constricted transversely to the longitudinal axis, as a result of which the struts in each of these areas form a type of membrane joint and produce an optimized flow of force through the strut. The combination of the X-shaped arrangement of struts with diaphragm joints and additional side areas as buckling stiffeners improve the load-bearing capacity and torsional rigidity of the crane girder, particularly with large crane girder heights, and additionally reduce the risk of bulging individual crane girder areas.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist vorgesehen, dass jede Längsseite zwischen dem Kreuzungsbereich und den Ausnehmungen abgekantet ist und eine sich an die Hauptfläche anschließende abgekantete Nebenfläche aufweist.It is advantageously provided that each long side between the intersection area and the recesses is folded and has a bevelled secondary surface adjoining the main surface.

In konstruktiv einfacher Weise ist vorgesehen, dass zwischen dem Kreuzungsbereich und jeder Nebenfläche eine weitere Ausnehmung an der Längsseite vorgesehen ist. Hierdurch werden weitere Membrangelenke mit den oben genannten Vorteilen ausgebildet.It is provided in a structurally simple manner that a further recess is provided on the long side between the intersection area and each secondary area. As a result, further membrane joints are formed with the advantages mentioned above.

Ein konstruktiv und fertigungstechnisch besonders vorteilhaft ausgebildeter Brücken-oder Portalkran wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Kranträger mindestens einen sich geradlinig in dessen Längsrichtung erstreckenden Obergurt und mindestens einen parallel dazu angeordneten Untergurt umfasst, wobei der Obergurt und der Untergurt über mehrere entlang der Längsrichtung des Kranträgers angeordnete Streben miteinander verbunden sind.A bridge or gantry crane which is particularly advantageous in terms of construction and production technology is achieved in that the crane girder comprises at least one upper girder extending in a straight line in its longitudinal direction and at least one lower girder arranged parallel thereto, the upper girder and the lower girder being arranged over several along the longitudinal direction of the crane girder Struts are interconnected.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass der Kran zwei parallel und mit Abstand voneinander angeordnete Kranträger umfasst.In a further advantageous embodiment it is provided that the crane comprises two crane girders arranged in parallel and at a distance from one another.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen als Ein-Träger-Kran ausgebildeten Brückenkran,
  • Figur 2 einen Ausschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Kranträgers für einen Brückenkran gemäß Figur 1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
  • Figur 3 eine Querschnittsansicht des Kranträgers gemäß Figur 2,
  • Figur 4 eine Ansicht einer Strebe des Kranträgers gemäß Figur 2 und
  • Figur 5 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines mit alternativen Streben gebildeten Strebenpaars für den Kranträger gemäß Figur 2.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:
  • Figure 1 a bridge crane designed as a single-girder crane,
  • Figure 2 a section of a crane girder according to the invention for a overhead crane Figure 1 in a perspective view,
  • Figure 3 a cross-sectional view of the crane girder according Figure 2 .
  • Figure 4 a view of a strut of the crane girder according Figure 2 and
  • Figure 5 a perspective view of a pair of struts formed with alternative struts for the crane girder according to Figure 2 ,

Die nachfolgend anhand eines Brückenkrans vorgenommenen Erläuterungen gelten entsprechend auch für andersartige Krane wie beispielsweise Portalkrane.The explanations given below using a bridge crane also apply accordingly to other types of cranes, such as gantry cranes.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen als Ein-Träger-Brückenkran ausgebildeten Kran 1. Der Kran 1 umfasst einen als Fachwerkträger ausgebildeten Kranträger 2, der horizontal ausgerichtet ist und sich mit einer Länge L in seiner Längsrichtung LR erstreckt.The Figure 1 shows a crane 1 designed as a single-girder bridge crane. The crane 1 comprises a crane girder 2 designed as a lattice girder, which is aligned horizontally and extends with a length L in its longitudinal direction LR.

Der Kranträger 2 des Krans 1 bildet mit an seinen sich gegenüber liegenden Enden befestigten ersten und zweiten Fahrwerken 7, 8 eine Kranbrücke aus, die in der Draufsicht im Wesentlichen doppel-T-förmig ausgebildet ist. Über die Fahrwerke 7, 8 ist der Kran 1 in einer horizontalen Fahrtrichtung F quer zur Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2 auf nicht dargestellten Schienen verfahrbar. Die Schienen sind üblicherweise gegenüber einem Boden hochliegend angeordnet und können hierfür beispielsweise über eine geeignete Tragkonstruktion aufgeständert oder an sich gegenüberliegenden Gebäudewänden befestigt sein. Um den Kran 1 beziehungsweise dessen Kranträger 2 zu verfahren, wird das erste Fahrwerk 7 von einem ersten Elektromotor 7a und das zweite Fahrwerk 8 von einem zweiten Elektromotor 8a angetrieben. An dem Kranträger 2 ist eine Krankatze 9 mit einem als Seilzug ausgebildeten Hebezeug aufgehängt, die über nicht dargestellte Fahrwerke quer zur Fahrtrichtung F des Krans 1 und entlang der Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2 verfahrbar ist. Die Krankatze 9 ist entlang und auf seitlich hervor ragenden Laufflächen 4c eines Untergurts 4 des Kranträgers 2 verfahrbar. Der Kran 1 umfasst zudem eine Kransteuerung 10 und einen hiermit verbundenen Hängesteuerschalter 11, worüber der Kran 1 beziehungsweise die Elektromotoren 7a, 8a sowie die Krankatze 9 mit dem Seilzug getrennt voneinander angesteuert und bedient werden können. Hierbei ist ein Lastaufnahmemittel des an der Krankatze 9 angeordneten Seilzugs absenkbar beziehungsweise anhebbar.The crane girder 2 of the crane 1 forms, with its first and second undercarriages 7, 8 fastened at its opposite ends, a crane bridge which is essentially double T-shaped in plan view. The crane 1 can be moved on the rails 7, 8 in a horizontal direction of travel F transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 on rails, not shown. The rails are usually arranged high against a floor and can for this purpose, for example, be mounted on a suitable supporting structure or attached to building walls located opposite one another. In order to move the crane 1 or its crane girder 2, the first undercarriage 7 is driven by a first electric motor 7a and the second undercarriage 8 by a second electric motor 8a. A crane trolley 9 is suspended from the crane girder 2 with a hoist designed as a cable pull, which can be moved transversely to the direction of travel F of the crane 1 and along the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 by means of trolleys (not shown). The crane trolley 9 can be moved along and on laterally protruding running surfaces 4c of a lower flange 4 of the crane girder 2. The crane 1 also includes a crane control 10 and a suspension control switch 11 connected to it, by means of which the crane 1 or the electric motors 7a, 8a and the crane trolley 9 can be controlled and operated separately from one another with the cable pull. Here, a load suspension device of the cable pull arranged on the crane trolley 9 can be lowered or raised.

Die Figur 2 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausschnitts eines erfindungsgemäßen Kranträgers 2 für den Kran 1 gemäß der Figur 1. Die Fachwerkkonstruktion des Kranträgers 2 umfasst im Wesentlichen einen Obergurt 3, einen Untergurt 4 und mehrere dazwischen diagonal verlaufende Streben 5, über die der Obergurt 3 mit dem Untergurt 4 fest verbunden ist. Die Streben 5 sind flächenförmig und abkantungsfrei ausgebildet und quer zu der Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2 gesehen paarweise X-förmig angeordnet. Die X-förmige Anordnung der Streben 5 sowie der Aufbau der Streben 5 wird unten detailliert erläutert.The Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a section of a crane girder 2 according to the invention for the crane 1 according to the Figure 1 , The truss structure of the crane girder 2 essentially comprises an upper chord 3, a lower chord 4 and a plurality of struts 5 running diagonally therebetween, via which the upper chord 3 is firmly connected to the lower chord 4. The struts 5 are flat and bend-free and, viewed transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2, are arranged in pairs in an X-shape. The X-shaped arrangement of the Struts 5 and the structure of the struts 5 are explained in detail below.

Zusätzlich wird die Fachwerkkonstruktion des Kranträgers 2 an den gegenüberliegenden Enden des Obergurtes 3 und des Untergurtes 4 über jeweils ein Endstück 6 abgeschlossen (siehe Figur 1). Über diese Endstücke 6 werden der Obergurt 3 und der Untergurt 4 zu einem Rahmen verbunden. Außerdem sind an den Endstücken 6 die Fahrwerke 7, 8 befestigt.In addition, the truss construction of the crane girder 2 is completed at the opposite ends of the upper chord 3 and the lower chord 4 via an end piece 6 (see Figure 1 ). The upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 are connected to a frame via these end pieces 6. In addition, the trolleys 7, 8 are attached to the end pieces 6.

Der Obergurt 3 und der Untergurt 4 erstrecken sich jeweils geradlinig, parallel und voneinander beabstandet in der Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2 zwischen den Fahrwerken 7, 8. Hierbei sind der Obergurt 3 und der Untergurt 4 vertikal voneinander beabstandet. Der Obergurt 3 setzt sich aus zwei in einer horizontalen Ebene angeordneten und horizontal voneinander beabstandeten ersten und zweiten Obergurtprofilen 3d, 3e zusammen. Die beiden Obergurtprofile 3d, 3e sind jeweils von einem L- beziehungsweise Winkel-Profil-Träger mit einem senkrecht nach unten ausgerichteten Schenkel 3a und einem dazu rechtwinklig angeordneten horizontalen Flansch 3f gebildet. Die Flansche 3f der Obergurtprofile 3d, 3e liegen hierbei vorzugsweise in einer horizontalen Ebene mit einer oberen Stirnseite der Streben 5. In gleicher Weise wird der Untergurt von zwei Untergurtprofilen 4d, 4e gebildet. Die nach unten gerichteten Schenkel 3a des Obergurts 3 und die nach oben gerichteten Schenkel 4a des Untergurts 4 sind einander zugewandt. Durch den Abstand der in Längsrichtung LR gesehen äußersten Kanten des Obergurts 3 oder des Untergurts 4 ergibt sich außerdem eine Breite B des Kranträgers 2 (siehe Figur 3). Alternativ kann der Untergurt 4 auch von einem einteiligen Flachprofil 4b mit zwei senkrecht aufstehenden Schenkeln 4a und einem die Schenkel 4a verbindenden horizontalen Flansch 4f gebildet werden, so dass in etwa ein U-Profil-förmiger Querschnitt gegeben ist. Hierbei ist der Flansch 4f des Flachprofils 4b seitlich über die Schenkel 4a hinaus verlängert (siehe auch Figur 3). Die sich gegenüberliegenden Enden des Flansches 4f des Flachprofils 4b bilden jeweils eine Lauffläche 4c für Fahrwerke der Krankatze 9 aus. Auch der Obergurt 3 kann grundsätzlich von einem entsprechenden Flachprofil 3b gebildet werden.The upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 each extend in a straight line, parallel and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 between the trolleys 7, 8. Here, the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 are vertically spaced apart. The upper chord 3 is composed of two first and second upper chord profiles 3d, 3e arranged in a horizontal plane and horizontally spaced apart. The two upper chord profiles 3d, 3e are each formed by an L or angled profile carrier with a leg 3a oriented vertically downward and a horizontal flange 3f arranged at right angles thereto. The flanges 3f of the upper flange profiles 3d, 3e preferably lie in a horizontal plane with an upper end face of the struts 5. In the same way, the lower flange is formed by two lower flange profiles 4d, 4e. The downward legs 3a of the upper flange 3 and the upward legs 4a of the lower flange 4 face each other. A width B of the crane girder 2 also results from the distance between the outermost edges of the upper chord 3 or the lower chord 4, as seen in the longitudinal direction LR (see Figure 3 ). Alternatively, the lower flange 4 can also be formed by a one-piece flat profile 4b with two vertically standing legs 4a and a horizontal flange 4f connecting the legs 4a, so that there is approximately a U-shaped cross section. Here, the flange 4f of the flat profile 4b is extended laterally beyond the legs 4a (see also Figure 3 ). The opposite ends of the flange 4f of the flat profile 4b each form a running surface 4c for trolleys of the crane trolley 9. The upper chord 3 can in principle also be formed by a corresponding flat profile 3b.

Ausgehend von einem der beiden Endstücke 6 sind in Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2 gesehen mehrere X-förmig angeordnete Strebenpaare vorgesehen, die jeweils eine erste Strebe 5h und eine zweite Strebe 5i umfassen. Die jeweils paarweise X-förmige Anordnung von Streben 5 wird in Längsrichtung LR gesehen so lange wiederholt, bis das gegenüberliegende Ende in Form des anderen Endstücks 6 des Kranträgers 2 erreicht ist.Starting from one of the two end pieces 6, in the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2, several X-shaped strut pairs are provided, each comprising a first strut 5h and a second strut 5i. The each Pairwise X-shaped arrangement of struts 5 seen in the longitudinal direction LR is repeated until the opposite end in the form of the other end piece 6 of the crane girder 2 is reached.

Das in Figur 2 beispielhaft mit Bezugszeichen versehene Strebenpaar ist zwischen den beiden Enden des Kranträgers 2 angeordnet. Die erste Strebe 5h dieses Strebenpaars ist in einem ersten oberen Knotenpunkt OK1 an dem Obergurt 3 und die zweite Strebe 5i ist in einem ersten unteren Knotenpunkt UK1 an dem Untergurt 4 angeschweißt. Die erste Strebe 5h verläuft dementsprechend diagonal nach unten zu einem zweiten unteren Knotenpunkt UK2 am Untergurt 4 und die zweite Strebe 5i verläuft diagonal nach oben zu einem zweiten oberen Knotenpunkt OK2 am Obergurt 3.This in Figure 2 A pair of struts, for example provided with reference numerals, is arranged between the two ends of the crane girder 2. The first strut 5h of this strut pair is welded to the upper flange 3 in a first upper node OK1 and the second strut 5i is welded to the lower flange 4 in a first lower node UK1. Accordingly, the first strut 5h runs diagonally down to a second lower node UK2 on the lower flange 4 and the second strut 5i runs diagonally up to a second upper node OK2 on the upper flange 3.

Um X-förmig zueinander und sich kreuzend angeordnet werden zu können, weisen die beiden Streben 5h und 5i jedes Strebenpaars jeweils eine schlitzförmige Aussparung 5g (siehe Figur 4) auf. Über die Aussparungen 5g werden die beiden Streben 5h und 5i unter Ausbildung eines Kreuzungsbereichs KB zusammen gesteckt. Damit ein sicheres gegenseitiges Abstützen der beiden Streben 5h und 5i der Strebenpaare sichergestellt ist, können die Streben 5h und 5i nicht nur zusammen gesteckt, sondern zusätzlich durch entlang der beiden Aussparungen 5g verlaufende Schweißnähte S im Kreuzungsbereich KB miteinander verschweißt werden.In order to be able to be arranged in an X-shape with respect to one another and intersecting, the two struts 5h and 5i of each pair of struts each have a slot-shaped recess 5g (see Figure 4 ) on. The two struts 5h and 5i are plugged together via the cutouts 5g, forming an intersection area KB. In order to ensure that the two struts 5h and 5i of the strut pairs are securely supported against one another, the struts 5h and 5i can not only be plugged together, but can also be welded to one another by weld seams S running along the two recesses 5g in the intersection area KB.

Jede Strebe 5 ist mit einem Anstellwinkel α gegenüber einer gedachten vertikalen Hilfsebene geneigt, die rechtwinklig zu dem sich parallel in der Längsrichtung LR erstreckenden Obergurt 3 und Untergurt 4 verläuft. Der Anstellwinkel α ist hierbei eingeschlossen von der ebenen Hauptfläche 5a der jeweiligen Strebe 5 und der Hilfsebene. Der Einfachheit halber ist der Anstellwinkel α zwischen der Hauptfläche 5a und einer Hilfslinie HL eingezeichnet, die in der Hilfsebene liegt. Vorzugsweise liegt der Anstellwinkel α in einem Bereich von 35° bis 55° und beträgt besonders bevorzugt 45°. Vorzugsweise wird je nach Länge L des Kranträgers 2 vor der Montage der Anstellwinkel α bestimmt, so dass eine gerade Anzahl von Streben 5 mit jeweils gleicher Länge und unter gleichen Anstellwinkel α zum Einsatz kommen und alle Streben 5 entsprechend X-förmig angeordnet werden können.Each strut 5 is inclined at an angle of attack α with respect to an imaginary vertical auxiliary plane which runs at right angles to the upper chord 3 and lower chord 4 which extend in the longitudinal direction LR. The angle of attack α is enclosed by the flat main surface 5a of the respective strut 5 and the auxiliary plane. For the sake of simplicity, the angle of attack α is shown between the main surface 5a and an auxiliary line HL which lies in the auxiliary plane. The angle of attack α is preferably in a range from 35 ° to 55 ° and is particularly preferably 45 °. Depending on the length L of the crane girder 2, the angle of attack α is preferably determined before assembly, so that an even number of struts 5, each with the same length and at the same angle of attack α, are used and all struts 5 can be arranged in an X-shaped manner.

Durch die X-förmige Anordnung der Streben 5 ergibt sich eine entsprechend große Anzahl oberer Knotenpunkte OK und unterer Knotenpunkte UK (siehe Figur 1), wodurch der als Schiene für die Krankatze 9 dienende Obergurt 3 oder Untergurt 4 gegen Durchbiegung und Ausbeulung verstärkt und der Kranträger 2 insgesamt versteift und stabilisiert wird. Hierdurch kann auch darauf verzichtet werden, zwischen dem Obergurt 3 und dem Untergurt 4 zusätzlich zu den Streben 5 vertikale Pfosten zur Abstützung einzusetzen.The X-shaped arrangement of the struts 5 results in a correspondingly large one Number of upper nodes OK and lower nodes UK (see Figure 1 ), whereby the upper chord 3 or lower chord 4 serving as a rail for the crane trolley 9 is reinforced against deflection and bulging and the crane girder 2 is stiffened and stabilized overall. In this way, it is also possible to dispense with the use of vertical posts for support between the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 in addition to the struts 5.

Die Streben 5 sind innerhalb der Fachwerkkonstruktion des Kranträgers 2 so ausgerichtet, dass sich jeweils ihre Hauptfläche 5a quer zur Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2 erstreckt. Außerdem sind die Streben 5 mit ihren unteren ersten Strebenenden 5e zwischen den beiden vertikal nach oben zeigenden Schenkeln 4a des Untergurts 4 angeordnet. An ihren oberen zweiten Strebenenden 5f sind die Streben 5 zwischen den beiden vertikal nach unten zeigenden Schenkeln 3a des Obergurts 3 angeordnet. Hierbei liegt der Obergurt 3 mit den Innenseiten seiner Schenkel 3a sowie der Untergurt 4 mit den Innenseiten seiner Schenkel 4a an hierzu parallel verlaufenden Längsseiten 5b der Streben 5 an. Die Streben 5 sind nur im Bereich ihrer dementsprechend anliegenden Längsseiten 5b mit den Schenkeln 3a, 4a entlang dort ausgebildeter Schweißnähte S verschweißt (siehe Figur 3). Quer zu der Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2 gesehen ist zwischen den Schenkeln 3a, 4a des Obergurtes 3 beziehungsweise Untergurtes 4 also immer nur eine Strebe 5 vorgesehen.The struts 5 are aligned within the framework structure of the crane girder 2 such that their main surface 5a extends transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2. In addition, the struts 5 are arranged with their lower first strut ends 5e between the two legs 4a of the lower flange 4 pointing vertically upward. At their upper second strut ends 5f the struts 5 are arranged between the two legs 3a of the upper chord 3 pointing vertically downward. Here, the upper flange 3 lies with the inner sides of its legs 3a and the lower flange 4 with the inner sides of its legs 4a on longitudinal sides 5b of the struts 5 which run parallel to this. The struts 5 are welded to the legs 3a, 4a along weld seams S formed there only in the region of their corresponding longitudinal sides 5b (see Figure 3 ). Seen transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2, only one strut 5 is therefore always provided between the legs 3a, 4a of the upper chord 3 or lower chord 4.

Die Figur 3 zeigt eine Querschnittsansicht des Kranträgers 2 gemäß der Figur 2, deren Schnitt vertikal und quer zur Längsrichtung LR zwischen zwei benachbarten Strebenpaaren verläuft. Dementsprechend ist in der Figur 3 eine Ansicht des Kreuzungsbereich KB des anhand von Figur 2 beschriebenen Strebenpaares gezeigt. Hierbei sind die obere Hälfte der ersten Strebe 5h und die untere Hälfte der mit der ersten Strebe 5h identisch aufgebaut zweiten Strebe 5i des Strebenpaars dargestellt, wodurch der prinzipielle Aufbau aller flächenförmigen Streben 5 deutlich wird.The Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the crane girder 2 according to FIG Figure 2 , whose section runs vertically and transversely to the longitudinal direction LR between two adjacent pairs of struts. Accordingly, in the Figure 3 a view of the intersection area KB based on Figure 2 described strut pair shown. The upper half of the first strut 5h and the lower half of the second strut 5i of the pair of struts, which are constructed identically to the first strut 5h, are shown, as a result of which the basic structure of all the flat struts 5 becomes clear.

Die Streben 5 sind als Blechprofil mit einer langgestreckten Form und einer Hauptfläche 5a mit einem im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt ausgebildet. Die Streben 5 werden vorzugsweise durch Laserschneiden aus einem Stahlblech hergestellt, das die Hauptfläche 5a bildet. Die Hauptfläche 5a wird im Wesentlichen von parallel zu der Längsachse LA verlaufenden Längsseiten 5b begrenzt und erstreckt sich entlang der Längsachse LA der Strebe 5. Zumindest in einem mittleren Bereich erstreckt sich die Hauptfläche 5a der Strebe 5 mit einer Strebenbreite SB über mindestens die Hälfte der Breite B des Kranträgers 2 quer zu der Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2. Die Breite B entspricht hierbei dem Abstand der in Längsrichtung LR gesehen äußersten Punkte des Untergurts 4 oder - wie bei dem in Figur 3 gezeigten Kranträger 2 - des Obergurts 3, insbesondere der von der Längsachse LA nach außen weg gerichteten Flansche 3f, 4f.The struts 5 are designed as a sheet metal profile with an elongated shape and a main surface 5a with an essentially rectangular cross section. The struts 5 are preferably produced by laser cutting from a steel sheet which forms the main surface 5a. The main surface 5a is essentially delimited by longitudinal sides 5b running parallel to the longitudinal axis LA and extends along the longitudinal axis LA of the strut 5. At least in a central region, the main surface 5a of the strut 5 extends with a strut width SB over at least half the width B of the crane girder 2 transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2. The width B corresponds here the distance of the outermost points of the lower flange 4 as seen in the longitudinal direction LR or - as in the case in FIG Figure 3 shown crane girder 2 - the upper chord 3, in particular the flanges 3f, 4f directed outwards from the longitudinal axis LA.

Im Bereich der sich gegenüberliegenden unteren ersten und oberen zweiten Strebenenden 5e und 5f sind an beiden Längsseiten 5b der Streben 5 jeweils eine untere erste Ausnehmung 5c und eine obere zweite Ausnehmung 5d vorgesehen. Durch die Ausnehmungen 5c, 5d entsteht im Bereich jedes Strebenendes 5e, 5f eine Einschnürung der Hauptfläche 5a quer zur Längsachse LA, wodurch die Streben 5 in diesen Bereichen jeweils eine Art Membrangelenk ausbilden. Die ersten und zweiten Ausnehmungen 5c, 5d sind rund, vorzugsweise kreisbogenförmig, ausgebildet und bewirken im Hinblick auf das Befestigen der Streben 5 an dem Obergurt 3 beziehungsweise dem Untergurt 4 des Kranträgers 2, dass der Kraftfluss durch die im Bereich der Strebenenden 5e unf 5f angeschweißten Streben 5 optimiert und die dortigen Schweißnähte S beziehungsweise die zugehörigen Schweißnahtausläufe entlastet werden. Hierfür befinden sich die Ausnehmungen 5c, 5d vorzugsweise außerhalb der Schenkel 3a, 4a, grenzen jedoch an diese an.In the area of the opposing lower first and upper second strut ends 5e and 5f, a lower first recess 5c and an upper second recess 5d are provided on both longitudinal sides 5b of the struts 5. The recesses 5c, 5d create a constriction of the main surface 5a transversely to the longitudinal axis LA in the area of each strut end 5e, 5f, as a result of which the struts 5 each form a type of membrane joint in these areas. The first and second recesses 5c, 5d are round, preferably in the form of a circular arc, and with regard to the fastening of the struts 5 to the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 of the crane girder 2, the force flow through the welded in the region of the strut ends 5e and 5f Struts 5 optimized and the welds S there or the associated weld outlets are relieved. For this purpose, the recesses 5c, 5d are preferably outside the legs 3a, 4a, but adjoin them.

In der in Figur 3 dargestellten Ansicht sind die schlitzartigen Aussparungen 5g der beiden Streben 5h und 5i verdeckt und daher nicht abgebildet. Die Ausgestaltung der Aussparungen 5g wird unten anhand der Figur 4 beschrieben. Der Figur 3 ist jedoch bereits zu entnehmen, dass die Aussparungen 5g in den Streben 5h und 5i jedes Strebenpaars insbesondere derart ausgebildet sind, dass die hierüber zusammengesteckten und X-förmig angeordneten Streben 5h und 5i mit ihren einander zugeordneten Längsseiten 5b bündig angeordnet werden können. Die Aussparungen 5g der beiden Streben 5h und 5i erstrecken sich hierfür jeweils ausgehend von der entsprechenden Längsseite 5b rechtwinklig zu der Längsseite 5b mit einer Aussparungslänge AL in etwa bis zur Längsachse LA. Um die beiden Streben 5h und 5i des dargestellten Strebenpaars für die X-förmige Anordnung und die Ausbildung des Kreuzungsbereichs KB zusammen stecken zu können, müssen die Streben 5h und 5i so positioniert sein, dass die Aussparungen 5g jeweils an einander gegenüberliegenden Längsseiten 5b der Streben 5h und 5i angeordnet sind. Zum Verschweißen der auf diese Weise zusammengesteckten Streben 5h und 5i verläuft dann eine über die gesamte Strebenbreite SB durchgehende Schweißnaht S entlang der beiden Aussparungslängen AL. Vorzugsweise werden die Streben 5h und 5i in Längsrichtung LR gesehen auf beiden Seiten des Kreuzungsbereichs KB verschweißt.In the in Figure 3 shown view, the slot-like recesses 5g of the two struts 5h and 5i are covered and therefore not shown. The design of the recesses 5g is shown below using the Figure 4 described. The Figure 3 However, it can already be seen that the cutouts 5g in the struts 5h and 5i of each pair of struts are designed in particular in such a way that the struts 5h and 5i which are plugged together and arranged in an X-shape can be arranged flush with their mutually associated longitudinal sides 5b. For this purpose, the recesses 5g of the two struts 5h and 5i each extend from the corresponding longitudinal side 5b at right angles to the longitudinal side 5b with a recess length AL approximately to the longitudinal axis LA. In order to be able to plug the two struts 5h and 5i of the strut pair shown for the X-shaped arrangement and the formation of the intersection area KB, the struts 5h and 5i must be positioned such that the cutouts 5g are in each case opposite longitudinal sides 5b of the struts 5h and 5i are arranged. In order to weld the struts 5h and 5i which have been put together in this way, a weld seam S runs along the two recess lengths AL over the entire strut width SB. The struts 5h and 5i are preferably welded, seen in the longitudinal direction LR, on both sides of the crossing region KB.

Außerdem ist jede Aussparung 5g bezogen auf die gesamte Strebenlänge mittig, das heißt im Bereich der halben Strebenlänge, an einer der beiden Längsseiten 5b angeordnet. Alternativ ist es auch denkbar, dass die Aussparungen 5g bezogen auf die gesamte Strebenlänge außermittig und dementsprechend auch der Kreuzungsbereich KB nicht auf halber Höhe des X-förmigen Strebenpaares angeordnet sind.In addition, each recess 5g is arranged on one of the two longitudinal sides 5b in the center, that is to say in the region of half the strut length, with respect to the entire strut length. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the recesses 5g are arranged eccentrically with respect to the entire strut length and, accordingly, the intersection area KB is not arranged halfway up the X-shaped strut pair.

Außerdem können an dem unteren ersten Strebenende 5e und/oder dem oberen zweiten Strebenende 5f in der Hauptfläche 5a rechtecktförmige Schlitze (nicht dargestellt) vorgesehen sein, um die Streben 5 hiermit vor dem Anschweißen an den Obergurt 3 beziehungsweise Untergurt 4 auf die Schenkel 3a beziehungsweise 4a aufzustecken. Es ist ebenso denkbar, dass die beiden Schenkel 3a bzw. die beiden Schenkel 4a nicht gleich weit voneinander beabstandet sind und dann dementsprechend auch die Längsseiten 5b im Bereich der Strebenenden 5e, 5f unterschiedlich weit voneinander beabstandet sind, um an den Schenkeln 3a beziehungsweise 4a anliegen und hieran angeschweißt werden zu können.In addition, rectangular-shaped slots (not shown) can be provided on the lower first strut end 5e and / or the upper second strut end 5f in the main surface 5a so that the struts 5 can be welded to the upper flange 3 or lower flange 4 on the legs 3a or 4a aufzustecken. It is also conceivable that the two legs 3a or the two legs 4a are not spaced equally far apart and then accordingly the longitudinal sides 5b in the region of the strut ends 5e, 5f are spaced differently apart from one another in order to rest against the legs 3a and 4a and being able to be welded to it.

In der Figur 4 ist eine Ansicht einer Strebe 5 des Kranträgers 2 gemäß Figur 2. Dargestellt ist insbesondere die in Bezug auf die gesamte Strebenlänge mittige Position der Aussparung 5g in der Hauptfläche 5a. Die Aussparung 5g erstreckt sich ausgehend von einer der beiden Längsseiten 5b im Wesentlichen rechteckförmig und mit einer Aussparungsbreite AB bis zur Längsachse LA. Die Aussparungsbreite AB entspricht zumindest der Blechdicke der Hauptfläche 5a der Streben 5, um diese beim Zusammenstecken zur Bildung eines Strebenpaars aufnehmen zu können. Auch ist erkennbar, dass die von den Ausnehmungen 5c, 5d ausgebildeten Membrangelenke somit in Richtung der Längsachse LA gesehen zwischen der Aussparung 5g und dem jeweiligen Strebenende 5e beziehungsweise 5f angeordnet sind, das im eingebauten Zustand zwischen den Schenkeln 3a beziehungsweise 4a angeschweißt ist (siehe Figur 3).In the Figure 4 is a view of a strut 5 of the crane girder 2 according to Figure 2 , In particular, the position of the recess 5g in the main surface 5a which is central with respect to the entire strut length is shown. The recess 5g extends, starting from one of the two longitudinal sides 5b, essentially in a rectangular shape and with a recess width AB up to the longitudinal axis LA. The recess width AB corresponds at least to the sheet metal thickness of the main surface 5a of the struts 5, in order to be able to accommodate these when they are plugged together to form a pair of struts. It can also be seen that the membrane joints formed by the recesses 5c, 5d, as viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis LA, are thus arranged between the recess 5g and the respective strut end 5e or 5f, which in the installed state is welded between the legs 3a and 4a (see Figure 3 ).

In dem in den Figuren 1 bis 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Längsseiten 5b über ihre gesamte Länge und somit über die gesamte Strebenlänge abkantungsfrei ausgebildet. Dementsprechend liegen die Längsseiten 5b und die Hauptfläche 5a in einer von der Hauptfläche 5a aufgespannten gemeinsamen Ebene und Abkantungen der Längsseiten 5b zur Ausbildung so genannter Beulsteifen sind nicht vorgesehen. Bei großen gesamten Strebenlängen der Streben 5, beispielsweise bei großen Bauhöhen des Kranträgers 2, und dementsprechend langen freien und nicht abgestützten oder eingespannten Bereichen der Streben 5 zwischen dem Kreuzungsbereich KB und dem Obergurt 3 beziehungsweise dem Untergurt 4 ist es jedoch denkbar, dass die X-förmig angeordneten Streben 5 zur Versteifung zwischen dem Kreuzungsbereich KB und den Strebenenden 5e und 5f so genannte Beulsteifen in Form von abgekanteten Nebenflächen 5j aufweisen.In the in the Figures 1 to 4 illustrated embodiment, the long sides 5b are formed over their entire length and thus over the entire length of the strut without bends. Accordingly, the long sides 5b and the main surface 5a lie in a common plane spanned by the main surface 5a, and bends of the long sides 5b to form what are known as buckling stiffeners are not provided. In the case of large overall strut lengths of the struts 5, for example in the case of large structural heights of the crane girder 2, and correspondingly long free and unsupported or clamped regions of the struts 5 between the crossing area KB and the upper chord 3 or the lower chord 4, it is conceivable that the X- Struts 5 arranged in the form of stiffening between the intersection area KB and the strut ends 5e and 5f have so-called buckling stiffeners in the form of bent side surfaces 5j.

Eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Strebenpaars mit derartigen Streben 5 ist in Figur 5 dargestellt. Hierbei sind die Längsseiten 5b der Streben 5 in etwa rechtwinklig gegenüber der Hauptfläche 5a abgekantet beziehungsweise umgebogen. Die so gebildeten und sich an die Hauptflächen 5a anschließenden Nebenflächen 5j zeigen quer zu der Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2. Hierbei ist es denkbar, dass nur eine Längsseite 5b oder beide Längsseiten 5b in gleicher (siehe Figur 5) oder entgegengesetzter Richtung abgekantet sind. Dementsprechend können die Streben 5 je nach Anzahl vorgesehener Nebenflächen 5j in Richtung ihrer Längsachse LA gesehen einen L-, U- oder Z-förmigen Querschnitt aufweisen. Weiterhin ist es denkbar, dass die Streben 5 an ihren Längsseiten 5b zusätzlich zu den ersten und zweiten Ausnehmungen 5c und 5d weitere gleichartig ausgebildete dritte Ausnehmungen 5k und vierte Ausnehmungen 5l aufweisen, die jeweils paarweise an jeder Längsseite 5b zwischen der Nebenfläche 5j und dem Kreuzungsbereich KB angeordnet sind. Dementsprechend hätten die Streben 5 jeweils vier Nebenflächen 5j und zusätzlich zwei dritte Ausnehmungen 5k und zwei vierte Ausnehmungen 5l, die in gleicher Weise wie die Ausnehmungen 5c, 5d zusätzliche Membrangelenke bilden.A perspective view of a pair of struts with such struts 5 is shown in FIG Figure 5 shown. Here, the long sides 5b of the struts 5 are bent or bent approximately at right angles to the main surface 5a. The secondary surfaces 5j formed in this way and adjoining the main surfaces 5a point transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2. Here, it is conceivable that only one long side 5b or both long sides 5b in the same (see Figure 5 ) or folded in the opposite direction. Correspondingly, depending on the number of secondary surfaces 5j provided, the struts 5 can have an L, U or Z-shaped cross section when viewed in the direction of their longitudinal axis LA. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the struts 5 on their longitudinal sides 5b have, in addition to the first and second recesses 5c and 5d, further identically designed third recesses 5k and fourth recesses 5l, each in pairs on each longitudinal side 5b between the secondary surface 5j and the intersection area KB are arranged. Accordingly, the struts 5 would each have four secondary surfaces 5j and additionally two third recesses 5k and two fourth recesses 5l, which in the same way as the recesses 5c, 5d form additional membrane joints.

Alternativ zu der in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten X-förmigen Anordnung ist auch eine andersartige Anordnung der flächenförmigen und abkantungsfreien Streben 5 denkbar, beispielsweise eine paarweise V-förmige Anordnung (nicht dargestellt).Alternatively to that in the Figures 1 to 3 X-shaped arrangement shown is also conceivable a different type of arrangement of the sheet-like and bend-free struts 5, for example a paired V-shaped arrangement (not shown).

Hierbei verlaufen die Streben 5 zwischen dem Obergurt 3 und dem Untergurt 4 frei und stützen sich nicht wie bei der X-förmigen Anordnung gegenseitig ab. Zudem unterscheiden sich die Streben 5 dann von der für die X-förmigen Strebenpaare verwendeten Ausführungsform dadurch, dass sie spiegelsymmetrisch bezüglich ihrer Längsachse LA ausgebildet sind und hierbei keine Aussparungen 5g aufweisen. Insbesondere die oben beschriebenen Membrangelenke sind sowohl bei abkantungsfreien als auch mit Nebenflächen versehenen Streben 5 immer vorgesehen. Bei großen gesamten Strebenlängen der abkantungsfreien Streben 5 ist es jedoch beispielsweise bei der V-förmigen Anordnung abkantungsfreier Streben 5 grundsätzlich auch denkbar, dass zur Abstützung zwischen dem Obergurt 3 und dem Untergurt 4 neben den Streben 5 zusätzlich mehrere vertikal verlaufende Pfosten vorgesehen sind, die entlang der Längsrichtung LR des Kranträgers 2 zwischen einzelnen Streben 5 oder Strebenpaaren angeordnet sind und den Obergurt 3 und den Untergurt 4 ebenfalls fest miteinander verbinden. Die Pfosten sind vorzugsweise analog zu den Streben 5 flächenförmig ausgebildet und mit dem Obergurt 3 und dem Untergurt 4 verschweißt. Bei geringen gesamten Strebenlängen der Streben 5, ist eine Abstützung über Pfosten jedoch nicht erforderlich.Here, the struts 5 run freely between the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 and do not support one another, as in the X-shaped arrangement. In addition, the struts 5 then differ from the embodiment used for the X-shaped strut pairs in that they are mirror-symmetrical with respect to their longitudinal axis LA and in this case have no cutouts 5g. In particular, the membrane joints described above are always provided both in the case of struts 5 which are free of bends and also provided with secondary surfaces. With large total strut lengths of the non-chamfered struts 5, however, it is also conceivable, for example in the case of the V-shaped arrangement of non-chamfered struts 5, that in addition to the struts 5, a plurality of vertically extending posts are provided alongside the struts 5 for support The longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 are arranged between individual struts 5 or pairs of struts and also firmly connect the upper chord 3 and the lower chord 4 to one another. The posts are preferably of a flat design analogous to the struts 5 and welded to the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4. With small total strut lengths of struts 5, support via posts is not necessary.

Der Kran 1 kann selbstverständlich nicht nur als Ein-Träger-Kran, sondern auch als Zwei-Träger-Kran ausgebildet sein, der dann dementsprechend zwei erfindungsgemäße Kranträger 2 umfasst, an deren Enden wiederum in üblicher Weise Fahrwerke 7, 8 befestigt sind, so dass in der Draufsicht gesehen ein Rahmen ausgebildet wird. Hierbei ist die Krankatze 9 jedoch nicht zwingend an den Untergurten 4 der Kranträger 2 aufgehängt, sondern kann auch auf Obergurten 3 der beiden Kranträger 2 ablaufen. Dementsprechend kann die mittig zwischen Kranträgern 2 angeordnete Krankatze 9 entlang der Längsrichtung LR der Kranträger 2 und zwischen den beiden Kranträgern 2 verfahren werden. Hierbei ist das Lastaufnahmemittel des an der Krankatze 9 angeordneten Seilzugs zwischen beiden Kranträgern 2 absenkbar beziehungsweise anhebbar.The crane 1 can of course not only be designed as a single-girder crane, but also as a two-girder crane, which then accordingly comprises two crane girders 2 according to the invention, at the ends of which, in turn, trolleys 7, 8 are fastened, so that seen in plan view, a frame is formed. Here, the crane trolley 9 is not necessarily suspended from the lower chords 4 of the crane girder 2, but can also run on the upper chords 3 of the two crane girders 2. Accordingly, the crane trolley 9 arranged centrally between crane girders 2 can be moved along the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girders 2 and between the two crane girders 2. The load suspension device of the cable pull arranged on the crane trolley 9 can be lowered or raised between the two crane girders 2.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Krancrane
22
Kranträgercrane carrier
33
Obergurtupper chord
3a3a
Schenkelleg
3b3b
Flachprofillow profile
3d3d
erstes Obergurtprofilfirst top chord profile
3e3e
zweites Obergurtprofilsecond upper chord profile
3f3f
Flanschflange
44
Untergurtlower chord
4a4a
Schenkelleg
4b4b
Flachprofillow profile
4c4c
Laufflächetread
4d4d
erstes Untergurtprofilfirst lower chord profile
4e4e
zweites Untergurtprofilsecond lower chord profile
4f4f
Flanschflange
55
Strebestrut
5a5a
Hauptflächemain area
5b5b
Längsseitelong side
5c5c
erste Ausnehmungfirst recess
5d5d
zweite Ausnehmungsecond recess
5e5e
erstes Strebenendefirst strut end
5f5f
zweites Strebenendesecond strut end
5g5g
Aussparungrecess
5h5h
erste Strebefirst strut
5i5i
zweite Strebesecond strut
5j5y
NebenflächeSecondary area
5k5k
dritte Ausnehmungthird recess
5l5l
vierte Ausnehmungfourth recess
66
Endstücktail
77
erstes Fahrwerkfirst landing gear
7a7a
erster Elektromotorfirst electric motor
88th
zweites Fahrwerksecond landing gear
8a8a
zweiter Elektromotorsecond electric motor
99
Krankatzecrab
1010
Kransteuerungcrane control
1111
HängesteuerschalterSuspension control switch
αα
Anstellwinkelangle of attack
ALAL
Aussparungslängerecess length
BB
Breitewidth
FF
Fahrtrichtungdirection of travel
KBKB
Kreuzungsbereichcrossing area
LL
Längelength
LALA
Längsachselongitudinal axis
LRLR
Längsrichtunglongitudinal direction
OKOK
oberer Knotenpunktupper node
OK1OK1
erster oberer Knotenpunktfirst upper node
OK2OK2
zweiter oberer Knotenpunktsecond upper node
SS
SchweißnahtWeld
SBSB
Streben breiteStrive broad
UKUK
unterer Knotenpunktlower node
UK1UK1
erster unterer Knotenpunktfirst lower node
UK2UK2
zweiter unterer Knotenpunktsecond lower node

Claims (14)

  1. Crane (1), in particular a bridge crane or gantry crane, having at least one horizontally extending crane girder (2) designed as a lattice girder having a plurality of struts (5, 5h, 5i), on which crane girder a crane trolley (9) with a hoist can travel, wherein at least some of the struts (5, 5h, 5i) have a sheetlike flat design and the flat struts (5, 5h, 5i) each comprise a planar main surface (5a) which extends in each case transversely to a longitudinal direction (LR) of the crane girder (2), characterised in that at least one first strut (5h) and one second strut (5i) form a strut pair and are arranged in an X shape with respect to one another as seen transversely to the longitudinal direction (LR) of the crane girder (2).
  2. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the two struts (5, 5h, 5i) of each strut pair each have a cut-out (5g) in one of their long sides (5b) and the two struts (5, 5h, 5i) are fitted together by means of the two cut-outs (5g).
  3. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the two struts (5, 5h, 5i) of each strut pair are welded together in the region of the cut-outs (5g).
  4. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the cut-outs (5g) in the struts (5, 5h, 5i) of each strut pair are formed in such a way that the mutually allocated long sides (5b) of the struts (5, 5h, 5i) arranged in an X shape are disposed in a flush arrangement.
  5. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the cut-outs (5g) extend starting from the respective long side (5b) in the direction of a longitudinal axis (LA) of the struts (5, 5h, 5i), extend preferably in a rectangular shape, in particular as far as the longitudinal axis (LA), and are disposed preferably in the region of half the strut length.
  6. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that on each long side (5b) of the struts (5, 5h, 5i), a first recess (5c) and a second recess (5d) is provided in the main surfaces (5a), and the long sides (5b) of at least some of the flat struts (5, 5h, 5i) are formed without bent edges at least between the first and second recesses (5c, 5d).
  7. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the long sides (5b) are formed without bent edges over their entire length.
  8. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the bent edge-free long sides (5b) extend exclusively in a plane of the respective main surface (5a).
  9. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the long sides (5b) of all struts (5, 5h, 5i) are formed without bent edges.
  10. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that on each long side (5b) of the struts (5, 5h, 5i), a first recess (5c) and a second recess (5d) is provided in the main surfaces (5a), and at least one of the long sides (5b) of the struts (5, 5h, 5i) of a strut pair has bent edges between a crossing region (KB) of the struts (5, 5h, 5i) and the recesses (5c, 5d), and comprises a side surface (5j) with bent edges which adjoins the main surface (5a) and preferably points transversely to the longitudinal direction (LR) of the crane girder (2).
  11. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 10, characterised in that each long side (5b) has bent edges between the crossing region (KB) and the recesses (5c, 5d) and comprises a side surface (5j) with bent edges which adjoins the main surface (5a).
  12. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 10 or 11, characterised in that a further recess (5k, 51) on the long side (5b) is provided between the crossing region (KB) and each side surface (5j).
  13. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the crane girder (2) comprises at least one upper boom (3) extending straight in the longitudinal direction (LR) thereof and at least one lower boom (4) disposed in parallel with the upper boom, wherein the upper boom (3) and the lower boom (4) are connected to one another via a plurality of struts (5, 5h, 5i) disposed in the longitudinal direction (LR) of the crane girder (2).
  14. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the crane (1) comprises two crane girders (2) disposed in parallel with and spaced apart from one another.
EP16703154.1A 2015-02-06 2016-02-05 Crane, in particular bridge crane or gantry crane, having at least one crane girder Active EP3253707B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015101755.5A DE102015101755A1 (en) 2015-02-06 2015-02-06 Crane, in particular overhead crane or gantry crane, with at least one crane girder
PCT/EP2016/052566 WO2016124773A1 (en) 2015-02-06 2016-02-05 Crane, in particular bridge crane or gantry crane, having at least one crane girder

Publications (2)

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EP3253707A1 EP3253707A1 (en) 2017-12-13
EP3253707B1 true EP3253707B1 (en) 2019-12-25

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US (1) US10604383B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3253707B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108025894B (en)
DE (1) DE102015101755A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016124773A1 (en)

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DE102019126399A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-04-01 Konecranes Global Corp. Carrier for a trolley and overhead transport device with such a carrier

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Publication number Publication date
CN108025894A (en) 2018-05-11
EP3253707A1 (en) 2017-12-13
US10604383B2 (en) 2020-03-31
WO2016124773A1 (en) 2016-08-11
DE102015101755A1 (en) 2016-08-11
CN108025894B (en) 2020-12-08
US20180022582A1 (en) 2018-01-25

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