EP3252874A1 - Female contact sleeve, connector using the sleeve and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Female contact sleeve, connector using the sleeve and manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3252874A1
EP3252874A1 EP17164470.1A EP17164470A EP3252874A1 EP 3252874 A1 EP3252874 A1 EP 3252874A1 EP 17164470 A EP17164470 A EP 17164470A EP 3252874 A1 EP3252874 A1 EP 3252874A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
contact
contact blades
end portions
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17164470.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3252874B1 (en
Inventor
Mathieu CHEVREAU
Marnix Van Der Mee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaxtron
Original Assignee
Eaxtron
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3252874A1 publication Critical patent/EP3252874A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3252874B1 publication Critical patent/EP3252874B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/10—Sockets for co-operation with pins or blades
    • H01R13/11—Resilient sockets
    • H01R13/111—Resilient sockets co-operating with pins having a circular transverse section
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/10—Sockets for co-operation with pins or blades
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/15—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure
    • H01R13/187—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure with spring member in the socket
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/53—Bases or cases for heavy duty; Bases or cases for high voltage with means for preventing corona or arcing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing contact members, e.g. by punching and by bending
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a metal sleeve that can be used to form a contact of a female electrical connector. It also relates to a method of producing such a sleeve and an electrical connector equipped with the sleeve.
  • Power connectors are connectors capable of transmitting currents of an intensity of a hundred amperes, or even several hundred to a thousand amperes.
  • a particular application of the invention is the production of electrical connectors for connecting electric vehicles to a battery pack, and for connecting the battery pack to a charging unit of the battery.
  • the invention finds particular application in the production of electrical connectors for electric forklifts.
  • the electrical connectors comprise a female contact element, for example a socket and a male contact element, for example a pin, which can be inserted into the socket so as to temporarily establish a contact for the passage of an electric current.
  • the electrical contact is broken when the male element and the female element of the electrical connector are separated.
  • a triple technical problem is traditionally posed when making such electrical connectors.
  • a first and essential technical problem is the quality of the electrical contact between the male and female contact elements when they are assembled. Indeed insufficient or deficient electrical contact is likely to generate electrical resistance to current flow and Joule heating. This problem is all the more critical as the electric currents to be transmitted are important.
  • a second technical problem is that of the hardness or "grammage" of the connectors.
  • a third technical problem is the durability of the connectors. Sustainability is understood as a number of insertion and separation cycles of complementary connectors during which the quality of contact, and the current carrying of a predetermined intensity can be guaranteed. Durability is also related to the hardness of the connectors and the intensity of the currents to be transmitted.
  • Connectors using a female contact element in a socket form comprising contact blades and in particular hyperboloid contact blades are known.
  • Such connectors are known, for example documents CN 104 362 452 or US 5,033,982 .
  • the multi-blade bushing is intended to increase the number of contact points between the female part and the male part of the connectors, while limiting the mutual friction between these parts.
  • the invention is based on the observation that hyperboloid blade connectors may be unsuitable or insufficient for the transmission of high intensity electric currents, especially when the connectors are of modest size.
  • the present invention aims to provide a sleeve for female contact and a connector using the sleeve that allows to transfer a high intensity current, which has a low hardness, and good durability.
  • An object of the invention is still to provide a sleeve for making connectors of reduced size.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a set of male-female connectors adapted to high power applications for vehicles and in particular electric powered forklifts.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing a contact sleeve.
  • the invention more specifically relates to a metal sleeve for female contact.
  • the sleeve is provided with a first end portion and a second end portion respectively having a symmetry of revolution about a common axis and having respectively a first and a second diameter.
  • the first and second end portions are interconnected by a plurality of contact blades.
  • the median portions of the contact blades are parallel to the common axis and are arranged in a central cylinder, centered on said common axis and having a diameter less than the first and second diameters.
  • Each contact blade has connection sections connecting the middle portion of the blade respectively to the first and second end portions, the connection sections of the contact blades extending between the middle cylinder and the first and second parts. end by describing at least one frustoconical surface.
  • the connecting sections of each contact blade form respectively an angle with respect to a plane passing through the contact blade and the common axis.
  • the connecting sections describe a frustoconical surface between the median part of the blades, corresponding to the median cylinder, and each of the first and second end portions.
  • the connecting sections describe a frustoconical surface in only one of the end portions of the sleeve.
  • the median portion of the contact blades is arranged according to the median cylinder when they extend substantially on a surface defined by a generatrix of a cylinder running through a circle centered on the common axis. This surface is therefore parallel to the common axis. Thanks to this characteristic, the blades, and more precisely their median parts are likely to have an optimal contact surface with a cylindrical pin of a corresponding male connector, inserted coaxially with the common axis. It should be emphasized that the median cylinder is not a material cylinder but an immaterial cylinder defined by the middle parts of the blades.
  • connection sections according to a frustoconical surface provides radial flexibility to the contact blades while maintaining the flatness of their median parts and their arrangement according to a substantially cylindrical surface.
  • the flexibility provided by the connection sections makes it possible to slightly increase the diameter of the median cylinder, without deforming the median portion of the blades. This results in a great soft insertion or removal of the spindle while ensuring a quality electrical contact.
  • the frustoconical shape whose large base is turned towards the end portions of larger diameter also provides a guide facilitating the introduction of a male pin in the cylindrical housing defined by the middle portion of the contact blades.
  • connection sections of each contact blade respectively form an angle with respect to a plane passing through the contact blade and the common axis.
  • the middle part and the connecting sections are not coplanar in a plane passing through the common axis.
  • the connection angle is, for example, an angle of between 30 and 60 degrees.
  • This feature makes it possible to further increase the flexibility provided by the connecting sections and the smooth insertion or removal of a pin in the sleeve. It also allows the median portions of the blades to bear on the spindle along their entire length, parallel to the axis of the spindle and without deformation, so as to ensure good electrical contact with the spindle. This also results in an increase in the durability of a connector equipped with the sleeve.
  • the medial portions of the contact blades extend parallel to a generatrix of the median cylinder which they delimit and are parallel to the common axis.
  • the contact blades may have sections of different shapes, but with a preference for a thin, flat shape.
  • the median portions of the contact blades can thus have a wide side perpendicular respectively to a radius of the median cylinder. This wide side, possibly slightly curved according to the curvature of the median cylinder, can in this case be applied tangentially to the surface of a male pin, when such a pin is inserted into the sleeve.
  • the end portions of the sleeve may be cylindrical portions, with respectively a diameter equal to the first and second diameters.
  • the end portions may be frustoconical in shape comparable to the connecting sections.
  • the truncated cone flares then from a small base respectively having the first and the second diameter mentioned above, the small base being turned towards the contact blades.
  • the end portions of the sleeve extend a cone formed by the connecting sections, to guide a pin to be inserted into the sleeve.
  • the end portions of the sleeve can be used to form a permanent electrical contact with other conductors of a connector, and can thus, more generally, have a shape adapting to these conductors.
  • the sleeve may also be equipped with one or more connection terminals for connecting a conductor, and in particular an electric cable.
  • the sleeve is symmetrical with respect to a median plane perpendicular to the common axis. Also the first and second diameters of the end portions may be equal.
  • the number of contact blades is preferably adapted to the intensity of a current that can be transmitted by a connector receiving the sleeve.
  • the number of blades is, for example, between 10 and 18.
  • a connector for a current of 160A can be equipped with a sleeve with 12 contact blades.
  • For a rated current of 320A the number of blades can be increased to 14.
  • the sleeve may be preferably made of a metal such as bronze, bronze-phosphorus, beryllium copper, or nickel silver, for example.
  • the invention also relates to a connector comprising one or more sleeves as described above.
  • the connector may comprise at least one sleeve having a cylindrical bore, the sleeve being housed in the bore.
  • the connector may comprise one or more sockets depending on the number of phases of the current or currents to be transmitted and the number of terminals of the connector.
  • the connector bipolar, may comprise two sockets, each provided with a sleeve as described.
  • Socket means an intermediate metal part for electrically connecting the sleeve to a conductor such as an electric cable for example.
  • a socket is used in particular when the sleeve does not in itself terminal connection for an electric cable.
  • the first and second end portions make it possible to establish permanent electrical contact with the socket and thus conductors connected thereto.
  • the bore may have a shoulder, for example a cylindrical or conical shoulder, forming a stop for at least one of the first and second end portions of the sleeve.
  • the sleeve can be crimped into the sleeve by deformation of the sleeve, including its end, to reduce slightly the diameter.
  • the invention further relates to a male and female connector assembly comprising a female connector as described above, and a male connector with a cylindrical contact pin having a diameter between the diameter of the center cylinder of the sleeve and the smallest of the first and second diameters of the end portions of the sleeve.
  • the connectors may include insulative housings surrounding the socket, the sleeve and possibly other metal parts likely to be live.
  • the insulating housings of the male and female connectors may also include complementary non-metallic parts, contributing to the quality of the connector assembly and the security of the connection.
  • complementary connectors may comprise a connection lock capable of holding the male connector in position in the female connector.
  • rolling has the effect of bringing the contact blades, and in particular their median parts, closer together after cutting.
  • the approach of the blades has the effect of reducing a spacing between the median portions of the blades on the surface of the central cylinder. It promotes the passage of an electric current and the evacuation of the heat produced by the passage of an electric current.
  • the medial portions of the contact blades retain their character perpendicular to the side strips and are thus arranged parallel to the common axis of the central cylinder obtained after rolling.
  • the first and second ends of the metal plate can be joined by welding.
  • the realization of a weld is however not essential.
  • the crimping operation can be used to perfectly fit the first and second ends of the plate forming the sleeve. A weld is then superfluous.
  • the figure 1 shows a metal sleeve 10 according to the invention.
  • the sleeve is usable as a female contact element of a connector.
  • the sleeve 10 has a first end portion 12a and a second end portion 12b respectively having a first and a second diameter.
  • the first and second diameters are equal. This common diameter is greater than the diameter of a male contact pin capable of being accommodated in the sleeve.
  • the end portions 12a and 12b have a symmetry of revolution about an axis 14 designated "common axis". In the particular case of the sleeve of the figure 1 end portions 12a and 12b are cylindrical.
  • the end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve 10 are connected to each other by a plurality of contact strips 20, identical to each other and separated from each other by regular spaces 22.
  • the contact blades 20 each have a flat medial portion 24 and are arranged in a symmetry of revolution about the common axis 14 so that the median portions 24 of the blades define a cylinder 26 designated a central cylinder.
  • the diameter of the median cylinder 26 is smaller than the diameter of the end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve 10.
  • the diameter of the center cylinder is also slightly smaller than the diameter of a conjugate male contact pin that can be received. in the sleeve.
  • the middle portions of the contact blades 20 are respectively connected to the first and second end portions 12a, 12b by connection sections 28.
  • the connection sections extend between the middle cylinder 26 defined by the middle portions of the blades and the end portions 12a, 12b, being arranged in frustoconical surfaces.
  • the truncated cones described by the connection sections have a small base corresponding to the median cylinder 26 and a large base corresponding to the diameter of the cylinders formed by the end portions 12a, 12b.
  • the truncated cones defined by the connecting sections towards each end portion are symmetrical with respect to a median plane perpendicular to the common axis 14.
  • the median portions 26 of the contact blades 20 extend along a generatrix of the median cylinder.
  • the middle portion 24 of the contact blades 20 is thus substantially flat and parallel to the common axis 14.
  • the connecting sections 28 are not in the extension of the contact blades 20 but form respectively an angle relative to these blades. More precisely, the connecting sections form an angle with respect to a plane passing through the contact blades 20, and in particular through the middle of the blades, and the common axis 14. The angle formed at the two ends of each blade is opposite. It should be emphasized that the transitions between the middle portion 24 of the contact blades 20 and the connecting sections 28, as well as the transitions between the connecting sections 28 and the end portions 12a, 12b are smooth transitions, curve. They do not present a sharp stop that can come into contact with a conjugate male contact element.
  • the particular conformation of the blades gives the sleeve flexibility to introduce and remove a male contact element with low mechanical strength while ensuring good electrical contact.
  • the flexibility of the sleeve results from a flexibility of the connection sections 28.
  • the flexibility is accompanied by a limited possibility of twisting each connection section around a torsion point T respectively offset from the middle portion 24 of the corresponding blade. This characteristic promotes a good durability of the sleeve.
  • the flexibility given by the connecting sections makes it possible to slightly vary the diameter of the median cylinder 26 as indicated by dashed lines. This variation of the median cylinder is done without deformation of the middle portion 24 of the contact blades 20. These remain flat and substantially parallel to the common axis and a generatrix of the central cylinder.
  • the figure 3 shows the result of a first step of manufacturing a sleeve as described above.
  • This step comprises cutting a plate 11, for example by punching, to obtain the plate of the figure 3 .
  • the plate 11 has two lateral strips 12a, 12b which after rolling will form the end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve mentioned above. Since they are the same parts, they are designated by the same references.
  • the lateral strips 12a, 12b, parallel to one another, are connected by the contact blades 20 which form spacers.
  • the middle portions 24 of the contact blades are also parallel to each other and regularly spaced. They are also perpendicular to the lateral strips 12a, 12b in the exemplary embodiment illustrated.
  • the median portions 24 of the contact blades 20 are connected to the lateral strips 12a, 12b by connection sections forming an angle with respect to the median portions. It is considered that the connecting sections form an angle with respect to the median portions when this angle is a non-zero and not straight angle.
  • the angle is preferably between 30 and 60 degrees.
  • a second step of the manufacturing process comprises rolling the plate so as to join the ends 41 and 42 of the plate.
  • the rolling makes it possible to arrange the lateral strips 12a, 12b so as to form the corresponding cylindrical end portions of the figure 1 . It also makes it possible to arrange the median portions 24 of the contact blades 20 according to the median cylinder.
  • the figure 4 shows a detail of a set of connectors comprising a female connector 50 and a male connector of which only a cylindrical pin 52 is visible.
  • the female connector comprises a socket 60 of a material such as copper covered with a thin layer of silver, brass, bronze, or aluminum, for example.
  • the bushing 60 is provided with a bore 62 receiving a sleeve 10 as described above.
  • the bore has a diameter substantially adjusted to the diameter of the end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve.
  • the bore 62 of the sleeve comprises a shoulder 64 against which abuts one of the end portions 12b of the sleeve.
  • the other end portion 12a of the sleeve, turned towards the opening 66 of the sleeve is held by a slight conical narrowing of the opening of the sleeve made during a crimping operation of the sleeve in the sleeve.
  • the end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve form a permanent electrical contact between the sleeve 10 and the socket 60 of the female connector.
  • the diameter of the opening 66 of the sleeve is greater than that of the pin 52 of the conjugate male connector.
  • the frustoconical portion of the sleeve 10 formed by the connecting sections 28 in the vicinity of its end 12a turned towards the opening of the bushing 66 constitutes a conical guide allowing, when the pin 52 is inserted, to guide it according to FIG. axis of the sleeve.
  • the connecting sections cooperate with a rounded end 54 of the pin 52.
  • the latter slightly bends the connecting sections 28 of the sleeve 10, so as to adjust the median cylinder defined by the median portions 24 of the contact blades 20 to the diameter of the pin 52 of FIG. male connector. This makes it possible to effortlessly introduce the pin into the socket while ensuring excellent electrical contact between the middle portion 24 of the contact blades with the pin 52.
  • the middle portions 24 of the contact blades 20 are supported flat on the brooch. According to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve, the median portions 24 of the contact strips 20 bear tangentially to the surface of the pin 52, or even slightly curved to fit the surface of the pin 52.
  • the blades have indeed a wide side, visible on the figure 2 substantially perpendicular to a corresponding radius of the center roll, or a radius of the spindle when inserted.
  • the female connector and / or the male connector may be provided with housings of an electrical insulating material, for example plastic, which protect the metal parts.
  • the housings can in particular constitute a protection for a user entering the connectors.
  • the boxes are however not represented on the figure 4 for the sake of simplification.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un manchon pour un contact femelle, et son procédé de fabrication, elle concerne également un connecteur utilisant le manchonThe invention relates to a sleeve for a female contact, and to a method of manufacturing it, it also relates to a connector using the sleeve

Le manchon est pourvu d'une première extrémité (12a) et d'une deuxième d'extrémité (12b) présentant respectivement une symétrie de révolution autour d'un axe commun (14) les extrémités étant reliées entre elles par une pluralité de lames de contact (20). Chaque lame de contact (20) présente des sections de raccordement (28) reliant la partie médiane (24) de la lame respectivement à la première et à la deuxième extrémité. Les sections de raccordement décrivent au moins une surface tronconique.
L'invention trouve des applications pour la réalisation de connecteurs pour courants de forte intensité, utilisables notamment pour des véhicules électriques.

Figure imgaf001
The sleeve is provided with a first end (12a) and a second end (12b) respectively having a symmetry of revolution about a common axis (14) the ends being interconnected by a plurality of blades contact (20). Each contact blade (20) has connecting sections (28) connecting the middle portion (24) of the blade respectively to the first and second ends. The connecting sections describe at least one frustoconical surface.
The invention finds applications for producing connectors for high intensity currents, usable in particular for electric vehicles.
Figure imgaf001

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne un manchon métallique utilisable pour former un contact d'un connecteur électrique femelle. Elle concerne également un procédé de réalisation d'un tel manchon ainsi qu'un connecteur électrique équipé du manchon.The present invention relates to a metal sleeve that can be used to form a contact of a female electrical connector. It also relates to a method of producing such a sleeve and an electrical connector equipped with the sleeve.

L'invention trouve des applications dans le domaine général des connecteurs électriques et en particulier des connecteurs électriques de puissance. On entend par connecteurs de puissance des connecteurs susceptibles de transmettre des courants d'une intensité d'une centaine d'ampères, voire de plusieurs centaines à un millier d'ampères.The invention finds applications in the general field of electrical connectors and in particular electrical power connectors. Power connectors are connectors capable of transmitting currents of an intensity of a hundred amperes, or even several hundred to a thousand amperes.

Une application particulière de l'invention est la réalisation de connecteurs électriques pour relier des véhicules électriques à une batterie d'alimentation, et pour relier la batterie d'alimentation à une unité de charge de la batterie.A particular application of the invention is the production of electrical connectors for connecting electric vehicles to a battery pack, and for connecting the battery pack to a charging unit of the battery.

L'invention trouve notamment une application dans la réalisation de connecteurs électriques pour des chariots élévateurs électriques.The invention finds particular application in the production of electrical connectors for electric forklifts.

Etat de la technique antérieureState of the art

De manière classique, les connecteurs électriques comportent un élément de contact femelle, par exemple une douille et un élément de contact male, par exemple une broche, susceptible d'être inséré dans la douille de manière à établir temporairement un contact pour le passage d'un courant électrique. Le contact électrique est rompu lorsque l'élément mâle et l'élément femelle du connecteur électrique sont séparés. Un triple problème technique se pose traditionnellement lors de la réalisation de tels connecteurs électriques.
Un premier problème technique, primordial, est la qualité du contact électrique entre les éléments de contact mâle et femelle lorsqu'ils sont assemblés. En effet un contact électrique insuffisant ou déficient, est susceptible de générer une résistance électrique au passage du courant et un échauffement par effet Joule. Ce problème est d'autant plus critique que les courants électriques à transmettre sont importants.
Un deuxième problème technique, est celui de la dureté ou du "grammage" des connecteurs. Il s'agit de la force qu'il est nécessaire d'exercer sur les connecteurs complémentaires pour insérer ou extraire les éléments de contact mâles et femelles. Une dureté importante des connecteurs rend leur utilisation peu aisée. Cette difficulté augmente également avec l'intensité du courant électrique à transmettre. En effet, un courant électrique important conduit à de plus grandes dimensions des éléments de contact et une plus grande surface de contact. Il en résulte des frottements plus importants et une plus grande difficulté d'insertion ou de retrait des éléments de contact. Accessoirement, la recherche d'une amélioration de la qualité du contact électrique peut conduire à réduire un jeu entre les éléments de contact mâle et femelle et augmenter également la dureté des connecteurs. En d'autres termes la qualité du contact, et la facilité d'insertion ou de retrait des connecteurs apparaissent comme des objectifs antagonistes.
Un troisième problème technique est la pérennité des connecteurs. La pérennité s'entend comme un nombre de cycles d'insertion et de séparation de connecteurs complémentaires au cours desquels la qualité de contact, et le transport de courant d'une intensité prédéterminée peuvent être garantis. La pérennité est également liée à la dureté des connecteurs et à l'intensité des courants à transmettre.Conventionally, the electrical connectors comprise a female contact element, for example a socket and a male contact element, for example a pin, which can be inserted into the socket so as to temporarily establish a contact for the passage of an electric current. The electrical contact is broken when the male element and the female element of the electrical connector are separated. A triple technical problem is traditionally posed when making such electrical connectors.
A first and essential technical problem is the quality of the electrical contact between the male and female contact elements when they are assembled. Indeed insufficient or deficient electrical contact is likely to generate electrical resistance to current flow and Joule heating. This problem is all the more critical as the electric currents to be transmitted are important.
A second technical problem is that of the hardness or "grammage" of the connectors. This is the force that it is necessary to exert on the complementary connectors to insert or extract the male and female contact elements. A high hardness of the connectors makes their use difficult. This difficulty also increases with the intensity of the electric current to be transmitted. Indeed, a large electrical current leads to larger contact elements and a larger contact area. This results in greater friction and greater difficulty of insertion or withdrawal of the contact elements. Incidentally, the search for an improvement in the quality of the electrical contact can lead to reducing a clearance between the male and female contact elements and also increase the hardness of the connectors. In other words the quality of the contact, and the ease of insertion or removal of the connectors appear as antagonistic objectives.
A third technical problem is the durability of the connectors. Sustainability is understood as a number of insertion and separation cycles of complementary connectors during which the quality of contact, and the current carrying of a predetermined intensity can be guaranteed. Durability is also related to the hardness of the connectors and the intensity of the currents to be transmitted.

On connait des connecteurs utilisant un élément de contact femelle sous une forme de douille comprenant des lames de contact et en particulier des lames de contact hyperboloïdes. De tels connecteurs sont connus, par exemple des documents CN 104 362 452 ou US 5 033 982 . La douille à lames multiples vise à augmenter le nombre de points de contact entre la partie femelle et la partie mâle des connecteurs, tout en limitant le frottement mutuel entre ces parties.Connectors using a female contact element in a socket form comprising contact blades and in particular hyperboloid contact blades are known. Such connectors are known, for example documents CN 104 362 452 or US 5,033,982 . The multi-blade bushing is intended to increase the number of contact points between the female part and the male part of the connectors, while limiting the mutual friction between these parts.

Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention

L'invention part d'un constat que les connecteurs à lames hyperboloïdes peuvent s'avérer inadaptés ou insuffisants pour la transmission de courants électriques de forte intensité, notamment lorsque les connecteurs sont de taille modeste.The invention is based on the observation that hyperboloid blade connectors may be unsuitable or insufficient for the transmission of high intensity electric currents, especially when the connectors are of modest size.

En outre il s'avère qu'un certain nombre de connecteurs à lames de contact tels que mentionnés précédemment présentent une pérennité insuffisante. Les lames subissent après un certain nombre de connexions/déconnexions une déformation qui, même légère, ne permet plus de garantir la qualité du contact et la transmission de courants élevés.In addition, it turns out that a number of contact blade connectors as mentioned above have insufficient durability. The blades undergo, after a certain number of connections / disconnections, a deformation which, even if slight, no longer makes it possible to guarantee the quality of the contact and the transmission of high currents.

La présente invention a pour but de proposer un manchon pour contact femelle et un connecteur utilisant le manchon qui permette de transférer un courant de forte intensité, qui présente une faible dureté, et une bonne pérennité.The present invention aims to provide a sleeve for female contact and a connector using the sleeve that allows to transfer a high intensity current, which has a low hardness, and good durability.

Un but de l'invention est encore de proposer un manchon permettant de réaliser des connecteurs de taille réduite.An object of the invention is still to provide a sleeve for making connectors of reduced size.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un ensemble de connecteurs mâle-femelle adapté à des applications de forte puissance pour des véhicules et en particulier des chariots élévateurs à propulsion électrique.Another object of the invention is to provide a set of male-female connectors adapted to high power applications for vehicles and in particular electric powered forklifts.

Enfin l'invention a pour but de proposer un procédé de fabrication d'un manchon de contact.Finally, the object of the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing a contact sleeve.

Pour atteindre ces buts l'invention concerne plus précisément un manchon métallique pour contact femelle. Le manchon est pourvu d'une première partie d'extrémité et d'une deuxième partie d'extrémité présentant respectivement une symétrie de révolution autour d'un axe commun et présentant respectivement un premier et un deuxième diamètre. La première et la deuxième partie d'extrémité sont reliées entre elles par une pluralité de lames de contact. Les parties médianes des lames de contact sont parallèles à l'axe commun et sont agencées selon un cylindre médian, centré sur ledit axe commun et présentant un diamètre inférieur au premier et au deuxième diamètre. Chaque lame de contact présente des sections de raccordement reliant la partie médiane de la lame respectivement à la première et à la deuxième partie d'extrémité, les sections de raccordement des lames de contact s'étendant entre le cylindre médian et les première et deuxième parties d'extrémité en décrivant au moins une surface tronconique. Par ailleurs, les sections de raccordement de chaque lame de contact forment respectivement un angle par rapport à un plan passant par la lame de contact et l'axe commun.To achieve these aims, the invention more specifically relates to a metal sleeve for female contact. The sleeve is provided with a first end portion and a second end portion respectively having a symmetry of revolution about a common axis and having respectively a first and a second diameter. The first and second end portions are interconnected by a plurality of contact blades. The median portions of the contact blades are parallel to the common axis and are arranged in a central cylinder, centered on said common axis and having a diameter less than the first and second diameters. Each contact blade has connection sections connecting the middle portion of the blade respectively to the first and second end portions, the connection sections of the contact blades extending between the middle cylinder and the first and second parts. end by describing at least one frustoconical surface. Moreover, the connecting sections of each contact blade form respectively an angle with respect to a plane passing through the contact blade and the common axis.

Dans le cas d'un manchon symétrique, les sections de raccordement décrivent une surface tronconique entre la partie médiane des lames, correspondant au cylindre médian, et chacune des première et deuxième parties d'extrémité. Il est toutefois envisageable que les sections de raccordement ne décrivent une surface tronconique qu'en une seule des parties d'extrémité du manchon.In the case of a symmetrical sleeve, the connecting sections describe a frustoconical surface between the median part of the blades, corresponding to the median cylinder, and each of the first and second end portions. However, it is conceivable that the connecting sections describe a frustoconical surface in only one of the end portions of the sleeve.

On considère que la partie médiane des lames de contact est agencée selon le cylindre médian lorsqu'elles s'étendent sensiblement sur une surface définie par une génératrice d'un cylindre parcourant un cercle centré sur l'axe commun. Cette surface est donc parallèle à l'axe commun. Grace à cette caractéristique, les lames, et plus précisément leurs parties médianes sont susceptibles de présenter une surface de contact optimale avec une broche cylindrique d'un connecteur mâle correspondant, inséré coaxialement à l'axe commun. Il convient de souligner que le cylindre médian n'est pas un cylindre matériel mais un cylindre immatériel défini par les parties médianes des lames.It is considered that the median portion of the contact blades is arranged according to the median cylinder when they extend substantially on a surface defined by a generatrix of a cylinder running through a circle centered on the common axis. This surface is therefore parallel to the common axis. Thanks to this characteristic, the blades, and more precisely their median parts are likely to have an optimal contact surface with a cylindrical pin of a corresponding male connector, inserted coaxially with the common axis. It should be emphasized that the median cylinder is not a material cylinder but an immaterial cylinder defined by the middle parts of the blades.

Par ailleurs, l'agencement des sections de raccordement selon une surface tronconique procure une flexibilité radiale aux lames de contact tout en maintenant la planéité de leurs parties médianes et leur agencement selon une surface sensiblement cylindrique. Ainsi à l'insertion d'une broche mâle la flexibilité procurée par les sections de raccordement permet d'augmenter légèrement le diamètre du cylindre médian, sans déformer la partie médiane des lame.
Il en résulte une grande douceur d'insertion ou de retrait de la broche tout en garantissant un contact électrique de qualité.Moreover, the arrangement of the connection sections according to a frustoconical surface provides radial flexibility to the contact blades while maintaining the flatness of their median parts and their arrangement according to a substantially cylindrical surface. Thus, at the insertion of a male pin the flexibility provided by the connection sections makes it possible to slightly increase the diameter of the median cylinder, without deforming the median portion of the blades.
This results in a great soft insertion or removal of the spindle while ensuring a quality electrical contact.

La forme tronconique dont la grande base est tournée vers les parties d'extrémité de plus grand diamètre procure en outre un guide facilitant l'introduction d'une broche male dans le logement cylindrique défini par la partie médiane des lames de contact.The frustoconical shape whose large base is turned towards the end portions of larger diameter also provides a guide facilitating the introduction of a male pin in the cylindrical housing defined by the middle portion of the contact blades.

Comme évoqué précédemment, les sections de raccordement de chaque lame de contact forment respectivement un angle par rapport à un plan passant par la lame de contact et l'axe commun. En d'autres termes, pour chaque lame, la partie médiane et les sections de raccordement ne sont pas coplanaires dans un plan passant par l'axe commun. L'angle de raccordement est, par exemple, un angle compris entre 30 et 60 degrés.As mentioned above, the connection sections of each contact blade respectively form an angle with respect to a plane passing through the contact blade and the common axis. In other words, for each blade, the middle part and the connecting sections are not coplanar in a plane passing through the common axis. The connection angle is, for example, an angle of between 30 and 60 degrees.

Cette caractéristique, permet d'augmenter encore la flexibilité procurée par les sections de raccordement et la douceur d'insertion ou de retrait d'une broche dans le manchon. Elle permet également aux parties médianes des lames de venir en appui sur la broche sur toute leur longueur, parallèlement à l'axe de la broche et sans se déformer, de manière à assurer un contact électrique de qualité avec la broche. Il en résulte également une augmentation de la pérennité d'un connecteur équipé du manchon.This feature makes it possible to further increase the flexibility provided by the connecting sections and the smooth insertion or removal of a pin in the sleeve. It also allows the median portions of the blades to bear on the spindle along their entire length, parallel to the axis of the spindle and without deformation, so as to ensure good electrical contact with the spindle. This also results in an increase in the durability of a connector equipped with the sleeve.

Les parties médianes des lames de contact s'étendent parallèlement à une génératrice du cylindre médian qu'elles délimitent et sont parallèles à l'axe commun.The medial portions of the contact blades extend parallel to a generatrix of the median cylinder which they delimit and are parallel to the common axis.

Les lames de contact peuvent présenter des sections de différentes formes, avec une préférence cependant pour une forme mince et plate. Les parties médianes des lames de contact peuvent ainsi présenter un côté large perpendiculaire respectivement à un rayon du cylindre médian. Ce côté large, éventuellement légèrement incurvé selon la courbure du cylindre médian, peut dans ce cas venir s'appliquer tangentiellement à la surface d'une broche mâle, lorsqu'une telle broche est insérée dans le manchon.The contact blades may have sections of different shapes, but with a preference for a thin, flat shape. The median portions of the contact blades can thus have a wide side perpendicular respectively to a radius of the median cylinder. This wide side, possibly slightly curved according to the curvature of the median cylinder, can in this case be applied tangentially to the surface of a male pin, when such a pin is inserted into the sleeve.

Les parties d'extrémité du manchon peuvent être des parties cylindriques, avec respectivement un diamètre égal au premier et au deuxième diamètre.The end portions of the sleeve may be cylindrical portions, with respectively a diameter equal to the first and second diameters.

Selon une autre possibilité, les parties d'extrémité peuvent présenter une forme tronconique, de manière comparable aux sections de raccordement. Les troncs de cône s'évasent alors à partir d'une petite base présentant respectivement le premier et le deuxième diamètre mentionnés précédemment, la petite base étant tournée vers les lames de contact. Dans ce cas, les parties d'extrémité du manchon prolongent un cône formé par les sections de raccordement, pour guider une broche devant être insérée dans le manchon.Alternatively, the end portions may be frustoconical in shape comparable to the connecting sections. The truncated cone flares then from a small base respectively having the first and the second diameter mentioned above, the small base being turned towards the contact blades. In this case, the end portions of the sleeve extend a cone formed by the connecting sections, to guide a pin to be inserted into the sleeve.

Comme décrit plus loin, les parties d'extrémité du manchon peuvent être mises à profit pour former un contact électrique permanent avec d'autres conducteurs d'un connecteur, et peuvent ainsi, de manière plus générale, présenter une forme s'adaptant à ces conducteurs.As described later, the end portions of the sleeve can be used to form a permanent electrical contact with other conductors of a connector, and can thus, more generally, have a shape adapting to these conductors.

Accessoirement, le manchon peut aussi être équipé d'une ou de plusieurs bornes de connexion permettant d'y relier un conducteur, et en particulier un câble électrique.Incidentally, the sleeve may also be equipped with one or more connection terminals for connecting a conductor, and in particular an electric cable.

Dans une réalisation préférée du manchon, le manchon est symétrique par rapport à un plan médian perpendiculaire à l'axe commun. Aussi les premier et deuxième diamètres des parties d'extrémités peuvent être égaux.In a preferred embodiment of the sleeve, the sleeve is symmetrical with respect to a median plane perpendicular to the common axis. Also the first and second diameters of the end portions may be equal.

Le nombre de lames de contact est de préférence adapté à l'intensité d'un courant susceptible d'être transmis par un connecteur recevant le manchon. Le nombre de lames est compris, par exemple, entre 10 et 18.
A titre d'illustration, un connecteur pour un courant de 160A peut être équipé d'un manchon avec 12 lames de contact. Pour un courant nominal de 320A le nombre de lames peut être porté à 14.The number of contact blades is preferably adapted to the intensity of a current that can be transmitted by a connector receiving the sleeve. The number of blades is, for example, between 10 and 18.
As an illustration, a connector for a current of 160A can be equipped with a sleeve with 12 contact blades. For a rated current of 320A the number of blades can be increased to 14.

Le manchon peut être réalisé de préférence en un métal tel que du bronze, du bronze-phosphore, du cuivre au béryllium, ou du maillechort, par exemple.The sleeve may be preferably made of a metal such as bronze, bronze-phosphorus, beryllium copper, or nickel silver, for example.

Comme évoqué précédemment, l'invention concerne également un connecteur comprenant un ou plusieurs manchons tels que décrits ci-dessus.As mentioned above, the invention also relates to a connector comprising one or more sleeves as described above.

Dans une réalisation particulière du connecteur, celui-ci peut comporter au moins une douille présentant un alésage cylindrique, le manchon étant logé dans l'alésage. Le connecteur peut comporter une ou plusieurs douilles selon le nombre de phases du ou des courants à transmettre et du nombre de bornes du connecteur. Pour un courant continu le connecteur, bipolaire, peut comporter deux douilles, pourvues chacune d'un manchon tel que décrit.In a particular embodiment of the connector, it may comprise at least one sleeve having a cylindrical bore, the sleeve being housed in the bore. The connector may comprise one or more sockets depending on the number of phases of the current or currents to be transmitted and the number of terminals of the connector. For a direct current, the connector, bipolar, may comprise two sockets, each provided with a sleeve as described.

On entend par douille une pièce métallique intermédiaire destinée à relier électriquement le manchon à un conducteur tel qu'un câble électrique par exemple. Une telle douille est utilisée notamment lorsque le manchon ne présente pas en lui-même de borne de connexion pour un câble électrique.Socket means an intermediate metal part for electrically connecting the sleeve to a conductor such as an electric cable for example. Such a socket is used in particular when the sleeve does not in itself terminal connection for an electric cable.

Lorsque le manchon est inséré dans l'alésage de la douille, les première et deuxième parties d'extrémité permettent d'établir un contact électrique permanent avec la douille et donc des conducteurs qui y sont reliés.When the sleeve is inserted into the bore of the socket, the first and second end portions make it possible to establish permanent electrical contact with the socket and thus conductors connected thereto.

Afin de maintenir le manchon dans l'alésage, l'alésage peut présenter un épaulement, par exemple un épaulement cylindrique ou conique, formant une butée pour au moins l'une des première et deuxième parties d'extrémité du manchon. Par ailleurs, après l'introduction du manchon dans l'alésage de la douille, le manchon peut être serti dans la douille par déformation de la douille, et notamment de son extrémité, pour en réduire légèrement le diamètre.In order to maintain the sleeve in the bore, the bore may have a shoulder, for example a cylindrical or conical shoulder, forming a stop for at least one of the first and second end portions of the sleeve. Furthermore, after the introduction of the sleeve into the bore of the sleeve, the sleeve can be crimped into the sleeve by deformation of the sleeve, including its end, to reduce slightly the diameter.

L'invention concerne encore un ensemble de connecteur mâle et femelle comprenant un connecteur femelle tel que décrit ci-dessus, et un connecteur mâle avec une broche cylindrique de contact présentant un diamètre compris entre le diamètre du cylindre médian du manchon et le plus petit des premier et deuxième diamètres des parties d'extrémité du manchon.The invention further relates to a male and female connector assembly comprising a female connector as described above, and a male connector with a cylindrical contact pin having a diameter between the diameter of the center cylinder of the sleeve and the smallest of the first and second diameters of the end portions of the sleeve.

Les connecteurs peuvent comporter des boîtiers isolant entourant la douille, le manchon et éventuellement d'autres parties métalliques susceptibles d'être sous tension électrique. Les boitiers isolants des connecteurs mâle et femelle peuvent comporter également des parties non métalliques complémentaires, contribuant à la qualité de l'assemblage des connecteurs et la sécurité de la connexion.The connectors may include insulative housings surrounding the socket, the sleeve and possibly other metal parts likely to be live. The insulating housings of the male and female connectors may also include complementary non-metallic parts, contributing to the quality of the connector assembly and the security of the connection.

En particulier des connecteurs complémentaires peuvent comporter un verrou de connexion apte à maintenir le connecteur mâle en position dans le connecteur femelle.In particular, complementary connectors may comprise a connection lock capable of holding the male connector in position in the female connector.

L'invention concerne enfin un procédé de fabrication d'un manchon de contact femelle, en particulier d'un manchon tel que décrit ci-dessus.
Le procédé comprend :

  • le découpage à plat d'une plaque métallique selon un motif comprenant deux bandes latérales pleines s'étendant entre une première et une deuxième extrémité de la plaque, les bandes latérales étant parallèles entre elles, et reliées entre-elles par une pluralité de lames de contact formant entretoises, uniformément espacées les unes des autres et reliées respectivement aux bandes latérales par des sections de raccordement, les parties médianes des lames de contact étant perpendiculaires aux bandes latérales et les sections de raccordement des lames de contact formant un angle avec la partie médiane des lames de contact, et
  • le roulage de la plaque métallique de manière à rejoindre les première et deuxième extrémités de la plaque métallique et agencer la partie médiane des lames de contact selon un cylindre.
Ce cylindre correspond au cylindre médian mentionné en référence à la description du manchon.
Lors du roulage les bandes latérales peuvent être agencées respectivement selon un deuxième cylindre, ou selon un tronc de cône présentant un rayon supérieur au cylindre médian.The invention finally relates to a method of manufacturing a female contact sleeve, in particular a sleeve as described above.
The method comprises:
  • flat cutting of a metal plate in a pattern comprising two solid side strips extending between a first and a second end of the plate, the side strips being parallel to each other, and interconnected by a plurality of blades; contact forming spacers, uniformly spaced from each other and respectively connected to the sidebands by connecting sections, the middle portions of the contact blades being perpendicular to the sidebands and the connection sections of the contact blades forming an angle with the middle part contact blades, and
  • rolling the metal plate so as to join the first and second ends of the metal plate and arrange the middle portion of the contact blades in a cylinder.
This cylinder corresponds to the median cylinder mentioned with reference to the description of the sleeve.
During rolling, the lateral strips may be arranged respectively in a second cylinder, or in a truncated cone having a radius greater than the median cylinder.

De manière avantageuse, comme le cylindre médian présente un diamètre inférieur à celui des parties d'extrémité, le roulage a pour effet de rapprocher les lames de contact, et en particulier leurs parties médianes, après leur découpage. Le rapprochement des lames a notamment pour effet de réduire un espacement entre les parties médianes des lames à la surface du cylindre médian. Il favorise le passage d'un courant électrique et l'évacuation de la chaleur produite par le passage d'un courant électrique. Par ailleurs, les parties médianes des lames de contact conservent leur caractère perpendiculaire aux bandes latérales et sont ainsi agencées parallèlement à l'axe commun du cylindre médian obtenu après roulage.Advantageously, as the median cylinder has a diameter smaller than that of the end portions, rolling has the effect of bringing the contact blades, and in particular their median parts, closer together after cutting. The approach of the blades has the effect of reducing a spacing between the median portions of the blades on the surface of the central cylinder. It promotes the passage of an electric current and the evacuation of the heat produced by the passage of an electric current. Furthermore, the medial portions of the contact blades retain their character perpendicular to the side strips and are thus arranged parallel to the common axis of the central cylinder obtained after rolling.

Après le roulage, les première et deuxième extrémités de la plaque métallique peuvent être rendues solidaires par soudage. La réalisation d'une soudure n'est toutefois pas indispensable. En particulier lorsque le manchon est serti dans une douille, de la manière indiqué ci-dessus, l'opération de sertissage peut être mise à profit pour rendre parfaitement jointives les première et deuxième extrémités de la plaque formant le manchon. Une soudure est alors superflue.After rolling, the first and second ends of the metal plate can be joined by welding. The realization of a weld is however not essential. In particular when the sleeve is crimped in a sleeve, as indicated above, the crimping operation can be used to perfectly fit the first and second ends of the plate forming the sleeve. A weld is then superfluous.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortent de la description qui suit, en référence aux figures des dessins. Cette description est donnée à titre illustratif et non limitatif.Other features and advantages of the invention emerge from the description which follows, with reference to the figures of the drawings. This description is given for illustrative and not limiting.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

  • La figure 1 est une vue latérale d'un manchon métallique pour contact femelle, conforme à l'invention.The figure 1 is a side view of a metal sleeve for female contact, according to the invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue axiale du manchon de la figure 1.The figure 2 is an axial view of the sleeve of the figure 1 .
  • La figure 3 est une vue de face d'une plaque métallique utilisée pour la fabrication d'un manchon conforme à l'invention.The figure 3 is a front view of a metal plate used for the manufacture of a sleeve according to the invention.
  • La figure 4 est une vue partielle d'un ensemble de connecteurs mâle et femelle conformes à l'invention et utilisant le manchon des figures 1 ou 2 The figure 4 is a partial view of a set of male and female connectors according to the invention and using the sleeve of figures 1 or 2
Description détaillée de modes de mise en oeuvre de l'inventionDetailed description of embodiments of the invention

Dans la description qui suit des parties identiques similaires ou équivalentes des différentes figures sont identifiées avec les mêmes signes de référence de manière à pouvoir se reporter d'une figure à l'autre.In the following description of the same or equivalent identical parts of the different figures are identified with the same reference characters so as to be able to refer from one figure to another.

La figure 1 montre un manchon métallique 10 conforme à l'invention. Le manchon est utilisable comme élément de contact femelle d'un connecteur.
Le manchon 10 présente une première partie d'extrémité 12a et une deuxième partie d'extrémité 12b présentant respectivement un premier et un deuxième diamètre. Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 1, le premier et le deuxième diamètre sont égaux. Ce diamètre commun est supérieur au diamètre d'une broche de contact mâle susceptible d'être accueillie dans le manchon.
Les parties d'extrémité 12a et 12b présentent une symétrie de révolution autour d'un axe 14 désigné par "axe commun". Dans le cas particulier du manchon de la figure 1 les parties d'extrémité 12a et 12b sont cylindriques.
Les parties d'extrémité 12a et 12b du manchon 10 sont reliées, entre elles, par une pluralité de lames de contact 20, identiques les unes aux autres et séparées les unes des autres par des espaces réguliers 22.
Les lames de contact 20 présentent chacune une partie médiane plane 24 et sont agencées selon une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe commun 14 de manière que les parties médianes 24 des lames définissent un cylindre 26 désigné par cylindre médian.
Le diamètre du cylindre médian 26, est inférieur au diamètre des parties d'extrémité 12a et 12b du manchon 10. Le diamètre du cylindre médian est également inférieur, légèrement, au diamètre d'une broche de contact mâle conjuguée, susceptible d'être reçue dans le manchon.
Les parties médianes des lames de contact 20 sont respectivement reliées à la première et à la deuxième partie d'extrémité 12a, 12b par des sections de raccordement 28. Les sections de raccordement s'étendent entre le cylindre médian 26 défini par les parties médianes des lames et les parties d'extrémité 12a, 12b, en étant agencées selon des surfaces tronconiques. Les troncs de cône décrits par les sections de raccordement présentent une petite base correspondant au cylindre médian 26 et une grande base correspondant au diamètre des cylindres formés par les parties d'extrémité 12a, 12b. Dans l'exemple de la figure 1 les troncs de cône définis par les sections de raccordement vers chaque partie d'extrémité sont symétriques par rapport à un plan médian perpendiculaire à l'axe commun 14.
Par ailleurs, et toujours dans l'exemple de la figure 1 les parties médianes 26 des lames de contact 20 s'étendent selon une génératrice du cylindre médian. La partie médiane 24 des lames de contact 20 est ainsi sensiblement plane et parallèle à l'axe commun 14.The figure 1 shows a metal sleeve 10 according to the invention. The sleeve is usable as a female contact element of a connector.
The sleeve 10 has a first end portion 12a and a second end portion 12b respectively having a first and a second diameter. In the exemplary embodiment of the figure 1 the first and second diameters are equal. This common diameter is greater than the diameter of a male contact pin capable of being accommodated in the sleeve.
The end portions 12a and 12b have a symmetry of revolution about an axis 14 designated "common axis". In the particular case of the sleeve of the figure 1 end portions 12a and 12b are cylindrical.
The end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve 10 are connected to each other by a plurality of contact strips 20, identical to each other and separated from each other by regular spaces 22.
The contact blades 20 each have a flat medial portion 24 and are arranged in a symmetry of revolution about the common axis 14 so that the median portions 24 of the blades define a cylinder 26 designated a central cylinder.
The diameter of the median cylinder 26 is smaller than the diameter of the end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve 10. The diameter of the center cylinder is also slightly smaller than the diameter of a conjugate male contact pin that can be received. in the sleeve.
The middle portions of the contact blades 20 are respectively connected to the first and second end portions 12a, 12b by connection sections 28. The connection sections extend between the middle cylinder 26 defined by the middle portions of the blades and the end portions 12a, 12b, being arranged in frustoconical surfaces. The truncated cones described by the connection sections have a small base corresponding to the median cylinder 26 and a large base corresponding to the diameter of the cylinders formed by the end portions 12a, 12b. In the example of the figure 1 the truncated cones defined by the connecting sections towards each end portion are symmetrical with respect to a median plane perpendicular to the common axis 14.
Moreover, and always in the example of the figure 1 the median portions 26 of the contact blades 20 extend along a generatrix of the median cylinder. The middle portion 24 of the contact blades 20 is thus substantially flat and parallel to the common axis 14.

On peut observer sur la figure 1 que les sections de raccordement 28 ne sont pas dans le prolongement des lames de contact 20 mais forment respectivement un angle par rapport à ces lames. Plus précisément les sections de raccordement forment un angle par rapport à un plan passant par les lames de contact 20, et notamment par le milieu des lames, et l'axe commun 14. L'angle formé aux deux extrémités de chaque lame est opposé.
Il convient de souligner que les transitions entre la partie médiane 24 des lames de contact 20 et les sections de raccordement 28, de même que les transitions entre les sections de raccordement 28 et les parties d'extrémité 12a, 12b sont des transitions douces, en courbe. Elles ne présentent pas d'arrête vive susceptible de venir en contact avec un élément de contact mâle conjugué.We can observe on the figure 1 that the connecting sections 28 are not in the extension of the contact blades 20 but form respectively an angle relative to these blades. More precisely, the connecting sections form an angle with respect to a plane passing through the contact blades 20, and in particular through the middle of the blades, and the common axis 14. The angle formed at the two ends of each blade is opposite.
It should be emphasized that the transitions between the middle portion 24 of the contact blades 20 and the connecting sections 28, as well as the transitions between the connecting sections 28 and the end portions 12a, 12b are smooth transitions, curve. They do not present a sharp stop that can come into contact with a conjugate male contact element.

La conformation particulière des lames confère au manchon une souplesse permettant une introduction et un retrait d'un élément de contact mâle avec une résistance mécanique faible tout en garantissant un bon contact électrique.The particular conformation of the blades gives the sleeve flexibility to introduce and remove a male contact element with low mechanical strength while ensuring good electrical contact.

Comme le montre la figure 2, la souplesse du manchon résulte d'une flexibilité des sections de raccordement 28. La flexibilité est accompagnée d'une possibilité limitée de torsion de chaque section de raccordement autour d'un point de torsion T respectivement décalé par rapport à la partie médiane 24 de la lame correspondante. Cette caractéristique favorise une bonne pérennité du manchon. La flexibilité donnée par les sections de raccordement permet de faire varier légèrement le diamètre du cylindre médian 26 comme indiqué par des lignes en trait discontinu. Cette variation du cylindre médian se fait sans déformation de la partie médiane 24 des lames de contact 20. Celles-ci restent ainsi planes et sensiblement parallèles à l'axe commun et à une génératrice du cylindre médian.As shown in figure 2 , the flexibility of the sleeve results from a flexibility of the connection sections 28. The flexibility is accompanied by a limited possibility of twisting each connection section around a torsion point T respectively offset from the middle portion 24 of the corresponding blade. This characteristic promotes a good durability of the sleeve. The flexibility given by the connecting sections makes it possible to slightly vary the diameter of the median cylinder 26 as indicated by dashed lines. This variation of the median cylinder is done without deformation of the middle portion 24 of the contact blades 20. These remain flat and substantially parallel to the common axis and a generatrix of the central cylinder.

La figure 3 montre le résultat d'une première étape de fabrication d'un manchon tel que décrit précédemment. Cette étape comprend le découpage d'une plaque 11, par exemple par poinçonnage, pour obtenir la plaque de la figure 3. La plaque 11 présente deux bandes latérales 12a, 12b qui après roulage formeront les parties d'extrémité 12a et 12b du manchon évoquées précédemment. Comme il s'agit des mêmes parties, elles sont désignées par les mêmes références.The figure 3 shows the result of a first step of manufacturing a sleeve as described above. This step comprises cutting a plate 11, for example by punching, to obtain the plate of the figure 3 . The plate 11 has two lateral strips 12a, 12b which after rolling will form the end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve mentioned above. Since they are the same parts, they are designated by the same references.

La plaque 11, et notamment les bandes latérales 12a, 12b, s'étendent entre une première et une deuxième extrémité de la plaque. Ces extrémités sont repérées avec les références 41, 42.The plate 11, and in particular the lateral strips 12a, 12b, extend between a first and a second end of the plate. These ends are identified with references 41, 42.

Les bandes latérales 12a, 12b, parallèles entre elles sont reliées par les lames de contact 20 qui forment des entretoises. Les parties médianes 24 des lames de contact sont également parallèles entre elles et régulièrement espacées. Elles sont aussi perpendiculaires aux bandes latérales 12a, 12b dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré.The lateral strips 12a, 12b, parallel to one another, are connected by the contact blades 20 which form spacers. The middle portions 24 of the contact blades are also parallel to each other and regularly spaced. They are also perpendicular to the lateral strips 12a, 12b in the exemplary embodiment illustrated.

On peut observer enfin que les parties médianes 24 des lames de contact 20 sont reliées aux bandes latérales 12a, 12b par des sections de raccordement formant un angle par rapport aux parties médianes. On considère que les sections de raccordement forment, un angle par rapport aux parties médianes lorsque cet angle est un angle non nul et non droit. L'angle est de préférence compris entre 30 et 60 degrés.Finally, it can be observed that the median portions 24 of the contact blades 20 are connected to the lateral strips 12a, 12b by connection sections forming an angle with respect to the median portions. It is considered that the connecting sections form an angle with respect to the median portions when this angle is a non-zero and not straight angle. The angle is preferably between 30 and 60 degrees.

Une deuxième étape du procédé de fabrication comprend le roulage de la plaque de manière à rejoindre les extrémités 41 et 42 de la plaque. Le roulage permet d'agencer les bandes latérales 12a, 12b de manière à former les parties d'extrémité cylindriques correspondantes de la figure 1. Il permet également d'agencer les parties médianes 24 des lames de contact 20 selon le cylindre médian.A second step of the manufacturing process comprises rolling the plate so as to join the ends 41 and 42 of the plate. The rolling makes it possible to arrange the lateral strips 12a, 12b so as to form the corresponding cylindrical end portions of the figure 1 . It also makes it possible to arrange the median portions 24 of the contact blades 20 according to the median cylinder.

La figure 4 montre un détail d'un ensemble de connecteurs comprenant un connecteur femelle 50 et un connecteur mâle dont seule une broche cylindrique 52 est visible.
Le connecteur femelle comprend une douille 60 en un matériau tel que du cuivre recouvert d'une fine couche d'argent, du laiton, du bronze, ou de l'aluminium, par exemple. La douille 60 est pourvue d'un alésage 62 recevant un manchon 10 tel que décrit précédemment. L'alésage présente un diamètre sensiblement ajusté sur le diamètre des parties d'extrémité 12a et 12b du manchon.
L'alésage 62 de la douille comprend un épaulement 64 contre lequel vient en appui l'une des parties d'extrémité 12b du manchon. L'autre partie d'extrémité 12a du manchon, tourné vers l'ouverture 66 de la douille est maintenue par un léger rétrécissement conique de l'ouverture de la douille réalisé lors d'une opération de sertissage du manchon dans la douille. Les parties d'extrémité 12a et 12b du manchon forment un contact électrique permanent entre le manchon 10 et la douille 60 du connecteur femelle.The figure 4 shows a detail of a set of connectors comprising a female connector 50 and a male connector of which only a cylindrical pin 52 is visible.
The female connector comprises a socket 60 of a material such as copper covered with a thin layer of silver, brass, bronze, or aluminum, for example. The bushing 60 is provided with a bore 62 receiving a sleeve 10 as described above. The bore has a diameter substantially adjusted to the diameter of the end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve.
The bore 62 of the sleeve comprises a shoulder 64 against which abuts one of the end portions 12b of the sleeve. The other end portion 12a of the sleeve, turned towards the opening 66 of the sleeve is held by a slight conical narrowing of the opening of the sleeve made during a crimping operation of the sleeve in the sleeve. The end portions 12a and 12b of the sleeve form a permanent electrical contact between the sleeve 10 and the socket 60 of the female connector.

Le diamètre de l'ouverture 66 de la douille, légèrement inférieur au diamètre des parties d'extrémité du manchon après sertissage de ce dernier, est supérieur à celui de la broche 52 du connecteur mâle conjugué.The diameter of the opening 66 of the sleeve, slightly smaller than the diameter of the end portions of the sleeve after crimping thereof, is greater than that of the pin 52 of the conjugate male connector.

La partie tronconique du manchon 10 formé par les sections de raccordement 28 au voisinage de son extrémité 12a tournée vers l'ouverture de la douille 66 constitue un guidage conique permettant, lors de l'introduction de la broche 52, de la guider selon l'axe du manchon. Les sections de raccordement, coopèrent avec une extrémité arrondie 54 de la broche 52.
Lors de l'insertion de la broche 52, celle-ci vient légèrement fléchir les sections de raccordement 28 du manchon 10, de manière à ajuster le cylindre médian défini par les parties médianes 24 des lames de contact 20 au diamètre de la broche 52 du connecteur mâle. Ceci permet d'introduire sans effort la broche dans la douille tout en assurant un excellent contact électrique entre la partie médiane 24 des lames de contact avec la broche 52. Les parties médianes 24 des lames de contact 20 sont en appui à plat, sur la broche. Selon un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du manchon les parties médianes 24 des lames de contact 20 sont en appui tangentiel à la surface de la broche 52, voire légèrement incurvées pour épouser la surface de la broche 52. Les lames présentent en effet un côté large, visible sur la figure 2, sensiblement perpendiculaire à un rayon correspondant du cylindre médian, ou un rayon de la broche lorsqu'elle est insérée.The frustoconical portion of the sleeve 10 formed by the connecting sections 28 in the vicinity of its end 12a turned towards the opening of the bushing 66 constitutes a conical guide allowing, when the pin 52 is inserted, to guide it according to FIG. axis of the sleeve. The connecting sections cooperate with a rounded end 54 of the pin 52.
When the pin 52 is inserted, the latter slightly bends the connecting sections 28 of the sleeve 10, so as to adjust the median cylinder defined by the median portions 24 of the contact blades 20 to the diameter of the pin 52 of FIG. male connector. This makes it possible to effortlessly introduce the pin into the socket while ensuring excellent electrical contact between the middle portion 24 of the contact blades with the pin 52. The middle portions 24 of the contact blades 20 are supported flat on the brooch. According to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve, the median portions 24 of the contact strips 20 bear tangentially to the surface of the pin 52, or even slightly curved to fit the surface of the pin 52. The blades have indeed a wide side, visible on the figure 2 substantially perpendicular to a corresponding radius of the center roll, or a radius of the spindle when inserted.

Le connecteur femelle et/ou le connecteur mâle peuvent être pourvus de boîtiers en un matériau isolant électrique, par exemple en matière plastique, qui protègent les parties métalliques. Les boîtiers peuvent en particulier constituer une protection pour un utilisateur saisissant les connecteurs. Les boîtiers ne sont toutefois pas représentés sur la figure 4 dans un souci de simplification.The female connector and / or the male connector may be provided with housings of an electrical insulating material, for example plastic, which protect the metal parts. The housings can in particular constitute a protection for a user entering the connectors. The boxes are however not represented on the figure 4 for the sake of simplification.

Claims (13)

Manchon métallique (10) pour contact femelle, le manchon étant pourvu d'une première partie d'extrémité (12a) et d'une deuxième partie d'extrémité (12b) présentant respectivement une symétrie de révolution autour d'un axe commun (14) et présentant respectivement un premier et un deuxième diamètre, la première et la deuxième partie d'extrémité étant reliées, entre elles, par une pluralité de lames de contact (20), présentant chacune une partie médiane (24) et des sections de raccordement (28) reliant la partie médiane (24) respectivement à la première et à la deuxième partie d'extrémité, les parties médianes (24) des lames de contact, parallèles à l'axe commun, étant agencées selon un cylindre médian (26), centré sur ledit axe commun (14), et présentant un diamètre inférieur au premier et au deuxième diamètre, et les sections de raccordement (28) des lames de contact (20) s'étendant de entre le cylindre médian et les première et deuxième parties d'extrémité (12a, 12b) en décrivant au moins une surface tronconique,
caractérisé en ce que : les sections de raccordement (28) de chaque lame de contact (20) forment respectivement un angle par rapport à un plan passant par la lame de contact et l'axe commun (14). Metal sleeve (10) for female contact, the sleeve being provided with a first end portion (12a) and a second end portion (12b) respectively having a symmetry of revolution about a common axis (14). ) and having respectively a first and a second diameter, the first and second end portions being connected to one another by a plurality of contact blades (20), each having a middle portion (24) and connection sections (28) connecting the middle portion (24) respectively to the first and second end portions, the middle portions (24) of the contact blades parallel to the common axis being arranged in a central cylinder (26) , centered on said common axis (14), and having a diameter smaller than the first and second diameters, and the connecting sections (28) of the contact blades (20) extending from between the middle cylinder and the first and second by end portions (12a, 12b) describing at least one frustoconical surface,
characterized in that the connecting sections (28) of each contact blade (20) respectively form an angle with respect to a plane passing through the contact blade and the common axis (14). Manchon selon l'une des revendications 1, dans lequel les parties médianes (24) des lames de contact (20) s'étendent parallèlement à une génératrice du cylindre médian (26).Sleeve according to one of claims 1, wherein the middle portions (24) of the contact blades (20) extend parallel to a generatrix of the central cylinder (26). Manchon selon l'une des revendications 1, dans lequel les parties médianes (24) des lames de contact (20) s'étendent hélicoïdalement le long du cylindre médian (26).Sleeve according to one of claims 1, wherein the middle portions (24) of the contact blades (20) extend helically along the central cylinder (26). Manchon selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel les parties médianes (24) des lames de contact (20) présentent respectivement un côté large perpendiculaire à un rayon du cylindre médian.Sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the middle portions (24) of the contact blades (20) respectively have a broad side perpendicular to a radius of the central cylinder. Manchon selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les parties d'extrémité (12a, 12b) du manchon (10) sont cylindriques.Sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the end portions (12a, 12b) of the sleeve (10) are cylindrical. Manchon selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les parties d'extrémité (12a, 12b) du manchon (10) présentent une forme tronconique avec une petite base présentant respectivement le premier et le deuxième diamètre, la petite base étant tournée vers les lames de contact.Sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the end portions (12a, 12b) of the sleeve (10) have a frustoconical shape with a small base respectively having the first and second diameter, the small base being rotated towards the contact blades. Manchon selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le premier et le deuxième diamètre sont égaux.Sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first and second diameters are equal. Manchon selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un nombre de lames de contact compris entre 10 et 18.Sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a number of contact blades between 10 and 18. Connecteur femelle (50) comprenant au moins un manchon (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.A female connector (50) comprising at least one sleeve (10) according to any one of the preceding claims. Connecteur selon la revendication 9, comprenant au moins une douille (60) avec un alésage cylindrique (62), le manchon (10) étant logé dans ledit alésage.Connector according to claim 9, comprising at least one bushing (60) with a cylindrical bore (62), the sleeve (10) being housed in said bore. Connecteur selon la revendication 10, dans lequel l'alésage (62) présente un épaulement (64) formant une butée pour au moins l'une des première et deuxième parties d'extrémité du manchon.The connector of claim 10, wherein the bore (62) has a shoulder (64) forming a stop for at least one of the first and second end portions of the sleeve. Ensemble de connecteur mâle et femelle comprenant un connecteur femelle (50) selon l'une des revendication 9 et 10, et un connecteur mâle avec une broche cylindrique (52) de contact présentant un diamètre compris entre le diamètre du cylindre médian du manchon (10) et le plus petit des premier et deuxième diamètres des parties d'extrémité du manchon.A male and female connector assembly comprising a female connector (50) according to one of claims 9 and 10, and a male connector with a cylindrical contact pin (52) having a diameter between the diameter of the center cylinder of the sleeve (10). ) and the smallest of the first and second diameters of the end portions of the sleeve. Procédé de fabrication d'un manchon de contact femelle, comprenant : - le découpage à plat d'une plaque métallique (11) selon un motif comprenant deux bandes latérales (12a,12b) pleines s'étendant entre une première et une deuxième extrémité (41, 42) de la plaque (11), les bandes latérales étant parallèles entre elles, et reliées entre-elles par une pluralité de lames de contact (20) formant entretoises, uniformément espacées les unes des autre, et reliées respectivement aux bandes latérales par des sections de raccordement (28), les parties médianes (24) des lames de contact étant perpendiculaires aux bandes latérales (12a,12b) et les sections de raccordement des lames de contact formant un angle avec la partie médiane des lames de contact, et - le roulage de la plaque métallique de manière à rejoindre les première et deuxième extrémités de la plaque métallique et agencer la partie médiane des lames de contact selon un cylindre. A method of manufacturing a female contact sleeve, comprising: - the flat cutting of a metal plate (11) in a pattern comprising two solid side strips (12a, 12b) extending between a first and a second end (41, 42) of the plate (11), the strips lateral sections being parallel to each other, and connected to each other by a plurality of contact strips (20) forming spacers, uniformly spaced apart from one another, and respectively connected to the lateral strips by connecting sections (28), the median parts ( 24) contact blades being perpendicular to the side strips (12a, 12b) and the connection sections of the contact blades forming an angle with the middle portion of the contact blades, and - The rolling of the metal plate so as to join the first and second ends of the metal plate and arrange the middle part of the contact blades in a cylinder.
EP17164470.1A 2016-05-03 2017-04-03 Female contact sleeve, connector using the sleeve and manufacturing method Active EP3252874B1 (en)

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FR1654007A FR3051078B1 (en) 2016-05-03 2016-05-03 SLEEVE FOR FEMALE CONTACT, CONNECTOR USING SLEEVE, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SAME.

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US10050366B2 (en) 2018-08-14
FR3051078A1 (en) 2017-11-10
US20170324181A1 (en) 2017-11-09
CN107342472B (en) 2020-10-30
ES2729150T3 (en) 2019-10-30
CN107342472A (en) 2017-11-10
FR3051078B1 (en) 2018-09-21
EP3252874B1 (en) 2019-03-06

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