EP3250358A1 - Tête de soufflage, procédé de fabrication d'une feuille soufflée et installation pour feuilles soufflées - Google Patents

Tête de soufflage, procédé de fabrication d'une feuille soufflée et installation pour feuilles soufflées

Info

Publication number
EP3250358A1
EP3250358A1 EP15826129.7A EP15826129A EP3250358A1 EP 3250358 A1 EP3250358 A1 EP 3250358A1 EP 15826129 A EP15826129 A EP 15826129A EP 3250358 A1 EP3250358 A1 EP 3250358A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
annular gap
layers
melt streams
blown film
blow head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15826129.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger Schumacher
Bernd Schroeter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Original Assignee
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik filed Critical Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Publication of EP3250358A1 publication Critical patent/EP3250358A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/185—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers comprising six or more components, i.e. each component being counted once for each time it is present, e.g. in a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/3001—Extrusion nozzles or dies characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/336—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die
    • B29C48/3363—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die using a layered die, e.g. stacked discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/337—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging at a common location
    • B29C48/338—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging at a common location using a die with concentric parts, e.g. rings, cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/49—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/695—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates
    • B29C48/70—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows
    • B29C48/71—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows for layer multiplication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/255—Flow control means, e.g. valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2566—Die parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/001—Tubular films, sleeves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a blown head for a blown film line, a method for producing a blown film and a blown film line.
  • Blown film systems are known and proven in the prior art.
  • plastic granules are liquefied and compacted by shearing, ie homogenized.
  • the plastic melt is fed in separate channels a blow head.
  • spiral distributors distribute the plastic melt in various layers into an annular gap leading to an annular gap nozzle. From the annular gap nozzle, a multilayer blown film tube emerges in the form of a melt, which then solidifies on a frost line and then flattened, deflected, partly reversed and finally wound up.
  • Blowing heads are generally divided into two different types: on the one hand axial spiral distributor, designed as a conical spiral distributor or as a cylindrical spiral distributor; on the other hand in plate coil distributors, which are often referred to in the art as “stack die”, “pancake”, radial spiral distributor or horizontal spiral distributor.
  • DE 102007 008844 A1 shows a plate coil distributor.
  • the formation of the multilayer film takes place from bottom to top.
  • a five-layered film is produced.
  • the plastic melt is simultaneously pressed into five plate packs, with one plate pack each forming an in-plane helix. Radially inward, the five melt streams exit into a central annular gap. On the way from bottom to top, this creates a one-layered flow. Around this, a second layer is laid radially outward from the second plate pack, and so on until the end
  • WO 2008/043715 AI also shows in its Fig. 1 a plate coil distributor.
  • EP 1 550 541 B1 discloses in its Fig. 1 also a plate coil distributor, but is classified as generic, because it reveals its invention based only in FIG. 4 on Axialwendelverteiler.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improvement or an alternative to the prior art.
  • this object is achieved by a blowing head for a blown film line, with a plate coil distributor for distributing extruder incoming melt streams and for combining the melt streams in a ring gap flow in several layers in an annular gap, which leads to an annular nozzle the plate coil distributor has a plurality of spirals in superimposed layers, the coil of at least two layers having a combination for precuring the melt streams of at least two layers and being provided by the merger from a common guide to the annular gap for local unification of the pre-unified melt streams with the annular gap current is.
  • multi-layer plate distributors are relevant for the species.
  • annular gap is generally exactly one annular gap in a blow head, which extends coaxially with a construction direction and thus an extrusion direction of the blow head, as a rule, the extrusion direction is from bottom to top with a vertical axis of the spiral distributor.
  • the "superimposed layers” are usually helical courses, which lie in mutually parallel surfaces. The course of the helix is relevant.Each helix is fed upstream of a pre-distributor.The pre-manifolds cause a branching of the melt stream coming from an extruder and are mostly based on binary Splits, although they may be in one plane, but not necessarily in one plane, especially not in a plane with the spiral they feed in.
  • the term “superimposed” refers to the layers facing one another in the direction of extrusion consequences. In the case of a die with a vertical axis and thus a total vertical extrusion direction, the "layers" are actually stacked upwards in vertical extrusion, although other spatial positions can also be assumed.
  • the precombined multilayer flow is either further pre-combined or passed to the annulus.
  • the "annular gap current” is the current prevailing in the annular gap in the direction of the annular nozzle.
  • blowing head can be used in a significantly more universal manner: If, for example, an assembly is designed for two melt streams of identical volume flow, then the operator of the blown film plant can join, for example, with a volume flow ratio of 1: 3 to Drive 3: 1.
  • the helix of exactly second adjacent layers preferably has a merge.
  • the filaments of precisely three layers have a combination, especially of adjacent layers.
  • a plurality of mergings is provided, which have successive inlets to the annular gap.
  • a “successive" arrangement is to be understood as meaning that the inlets of the channel guides leading from the junctions to the annular channel are in the extrusion direction are offset, so cause a successive Aufeinan- deposition of the layers in the annular channel during operation of the Blaskopfes.
  • blowing head is constructed such that only pre-combined flows, ie channels with merges, have a continuation into the annular channel.
  • only pre-combined multi-layer flows are passed into the central annular channel, so that even the last launched melt stream, so that melt stream, which is put into the strongest volume flow in the annular channel, already has a greater strength, than in a simple single-layer feed in the ring channel would be the case.
  • a plate of a plate coil distributor can each have a helix on its top and bottom sides.
  • the Blaskopf then builds very compact, especially if several or even all plates with coils each have on their top and bottom a coil.
  • the stated object is a method for producing a blown film with a blow head as described above, wherein melt streams from extruders are passed through the coil and wherein two melt streams are pre-combined in a merge, whereupon the pre-unified in the further flow path Melting streams are passed into the annular gap and placed there on the inlet ends annular gap current.
  • a preferred embodiment pre-mixes three melt streams in one Swissung, wherein in the merger, a middle layer is provided with two covering layers and is performed only in the covered state in the annular gap.
  • a relatively weak, so for example, soft or very thin layer can be connected in a secure manner with an already flowing ring flow with high flow.
  • the two covering layers can be produced with the same plastic, for example of the same thickness, whereby a symmetrical structure of the pre-combined layer or of the film as a whole is often desirable, but not necessarily mandatory.
  • FIG. 1 Schematically in a longitudinal section one half of a plate spiral distributor according to the prior art for the production of nine layers in a film and
  • FIG. 2 Schematically in an analogous view a longitudinal section through one with the
  • the blow head (1) (only partially reproduced) in Fig. 1 u. a. from a plate-type distributor (2) with an extrusion axis (3).
  • Nine spirals (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J) are arranged successively in parallel planes in the extrusion direction (4), with one helix each between a plate pack of five (exemplarily numbered) two superimposed plates (6, 7) is formed.
  • the helix lead spirally radially inwards towards the extrusion axis (3) into an annular gap (8) leading to an annular nozzle (9).
  • melt flows (not shown) are fed into the nine coils by extruders and run there in each case in one plane, parallel and separated from one another, to the annular gap (8).
  • annular gap (8) thereby a nine-layered film is produced.
  • a single-layer melt flow which rises along the direction of extrusion (4) upwards through the annular gap (8) produced.
  • the melt stream fed from the helix (H) is combined with the incoming melt stream, which hitherto comes only from the melt stream from the helix (J). From the feed point of the reversible ice (H) therefore there is a two-layer melt flow in the annular gap (8).
  • the two-layer melt flow continues to flow through the annular gap (8) along the extrusion direction (4), and upon reaching the plane of the reversible ice (G), a third layer is applied, namely the melt flow flowing through the helix (G).
  • melt stream from the helix (G) in the case of a modification of the film or for a completely different film is to be reduced and, for example, even one or both melt streams from the helical coils (H, J) are to be increased in volume flow, for example because the layer produced from the helix (G) should become thinner and the other two layers should be thicker, then the possibilities of variation of conventional helix distributors in plate helix manifolds are quickly exceeded.
  • blow head (10) according to the invention can be used considerably more variably:
  • the local, modified plate coil distributor (1 1) is also designed to allow a nine-layer plastic film from the annular nozzle (9) to emerge. However, three spirals ( ⁇ ', B' and C; D ', E' and F ';G', H 'and J') lying one above the other in parallel layers are in each case precleared before reaching the annular gap (8).
  • This three-layer melt flow ascends until it encounters a feed height (15) of a following, second feed (16).
  • melt streams from the coils (D ', E', F ') are supplied, after they have already been pre-cleaned at a second merger (17) in three layers.
  • an inventive blowing head can be reduced compared to the conventional design. This also reduces the length of the channel running in the direction of extrusion, which leads to a reduction of the residence time spectrum.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une tête de soufflage, un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille soufflée et une installation pour feuilles soufflées. Elle concerne concrètement l'utilisation de disques distributeurs hélicoïdaux (2) dans des installations pour feuilles soufflées. Selon l'invention, les flux de matière fondue sont d'abord réunis (13, 17, 18) dans un disque distributeur hélicoïdal (2), puis acheminés de manière réunie sous forme de flux de co-extrusion (8) commun.
EP15826129.7A 2015-01-29 2015-11-09 Tête de soufflage, procédé de fabrication d'une feuille soufflée et installation pour feuilles soufflées Withdrawn EP3250358A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015001022.0A DE102015001022A1 (de) 2015-01-29 2015-01-29 Blaskopf, Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Blasfolie sowie Blasfolienanlage
PCT/DE2015/000535 WO2016119767A1 (fr) 2015-01-29 2015-11-09 Tête de soufflage, procédé de fabrication d'une feuille soufflée et installation pour feuilles soufflées

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3250358A1 true EP3250358A1 (fr) 2017-12-06

Family

ID=55182180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15826129.7A Withdrawn EP3250358A1 (fr) 2015-01-29 2015-11-09 Tête de soufflage, procédé de fabrication d'une feuille soufflée et installation pour feuilles soufflées

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20180001535A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3250358A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107107441A (fr)
BR (1) BR112017010656A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2967497A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102015001022A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016119767A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4109369A1 (de) * 1991-03-22 1992-09-24 Reifenhaeuser Masch Werkzeugkopf zum strangpressen von schlauchfoermigen oder rohrfoermigen vorformlingen aus thermoplastifiziertem kunststoff
EP0626246B1 (fr) * 1993-05-25 1997-03-26 General Electric Company Tête d'extrusion pour paraisons multicouches en combinaisons de matériaux instables
US6343919B1 (en) * 2000-02-28 2002-02-05 Ricardo Pablo Rodriguez Modular plastics extrusion die
GB0031720D0 (en) * 2000-12-22 2001-02-07 Rasmussen Ole-Bendt Method and apparatus for joining sheet or ribbon formed flows in a coextrusion process
DE10360360A1 (de) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-28 Kiefel Extrusion Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Mehrschichtblasfolien aus 9 (neun) Schichten
CA2541650A1 (fr) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-16 Rafael Castillo Modules pour matrices de coextrusion
US20060275523A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Domenico Marzano Distribution block for blown-film extrusion die
DE102006047996A1 (de) 2006-10-09 2008-04-10 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Blaskopf mit konzentrischen Wendeln
DE102007008844B4 (de) 2007-02-23 2011-02-10 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Blaskopf und Verfahren für die Herstellung einer mehrschichtigen Blasfolie
US20100072655A1 (en) * 2008-09-23 2010-03-25 Cryovac, Inc. Die, system, and method for coextruding a plurality of fluid layers
US8012572B2 (en) * 2009-03-06 2011-09-06 Cryovac, Inc. Multilayer, heat-shrinkable film comprising a plurality of microlayers

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2016119767A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112015006090A5 (de) 2017-10-12
CN107107441A (zh) 2017-08-29
DE102015001022A1 (de) 2016-07-14
CA2967497A1 (fr) 2016-08-04
US20180001535A1 (en) 2018-01-04
BR112017010656A2 (pt) 2018-02-14
WO2016119767A1 (fr) 2016-08-04

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