EP3247965A1 - Improved heat exchanger with tubes and fins and method for producing such a heat exchanger - Google Patents
Improved heat exchanger with tubes and fins and method for producing such a heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- EP3247965A1 EP3247965A1 EP16700929.9A EP16700929A EP3247965A1 EP 3247965 A1 EP3247965 A1 EP 3247965A1 EP 16700929 A EP16700929 A EP 16700929A EP 3247965 A1 EP3247965 A1 EP 3247965A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- fin
- heat exchanger
- collar
- tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012781 shape memory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2235/00—Means for filling gaps between elements, e.g. between conduits within casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/02—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/02—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
- F28F2275/025—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials by using adhesives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
- F28F2275/125—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by bringing elements together and expanding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly to a mechanical type heat exchanger.
- a heat exchanger generally comprises tubes, in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and heat exchange elements connected to these tubes.
- Brazed and mechanical type heat exchangers are usually distinguished by their manufacturing process.
- the heat exchange elements are connected to the tubes by soldering.
- the heat exchange elements are connected to the tubes by crimping, without soldering, that is to say without adding material.
- the heat exchange elements are connected to the tubes in the following manner.
- Each tube and / or interlayer is coated with a solder layer.
- the tubes and spacers are placed in a common support by arranging them relative to each other in their substantially definitive relative positions. This support is necessary to keep between them the tubes and the interleaves because they are not yet interconnected.
- placing the assembly comprising the support and the various elements it contains in an oven so as to heat the assembly, cause the solder to melt and thus connect the tubes and the spacers between them. Note that this last heating step is in a neutral and confined atmosphere.
- the heat exchange elements are connected to the tubes in the following manner.
- the holes are formed in the fins passage tubes. These passage holes are generally delimited each by a fallen edge forming a neck.
- the fins are arranged substantially parallel to each other and each tube is threaded into a series of aligned holes of the fins.
- it causes a radial expansion of the tubes by passing an expansion tool inside these tubes so as to mechanically bind the tubes and fins by crimping, the necks defining the passage holes of the tubes then forming tight collars around the tubes.
- the method of manufacturing a mechanical type heat exchanger does not require, for the assembly of fins and tubes together, solder, that is to say material supply. Moreover, such a method does not include a complex heating step in a neutral and confined atmosphere.
- a mechanical type heat exchanger is generally less expensive to manufacture than a brazed type heat exchanger.
- the purpose of the invention is to eliminate as much as possible the undesirable interstices between the tubes and the fins that are clamped around the tubes of a mechanical heat exchanger, this with inexpensive means, and without having to significantly modify the method of manufacture of this heat exchanger.
- the subject of the invention is a heat exchanger comprising at least one tube and at least one fin, the tube being connected to the fin by crimping this tube in a collar formed in the fin, characterized in that that the tube and / or the fin is coated with a layer of a material distinct from those of the tube and fin, this layer forming a reserve of sealing material for a possible defect of contact between the tube and collar, the sealing material being activatable by fusion.
- the fins are connected to the tubes by crimping, as is usual for a mechanical type heat exchanger.
- the main steps of a method for manufacturing a mechanical type heat exchanger are therefore preserved.
- each tube and / or each fin of the heat exchanger allows effective clogging of a possible defect of contact between the tube and the collar.
- the exchanger according to the invention has no or only very few gaps between the fin and the tube into which air can infiltrate.
- the performance of the heat exchanger is greatly improved. It has been possible to note a power gain potential of the order of 8% on average and of the order of 15% in the case of a large flow of the fluid flowing in the tube.
- the thickness of the clogging material layer is less than 50 micrometers.
- the plug material has a melting temperature below 300 ⁇ C.
- the sealing material has a melting temperature of less than
- 300 ⁇ ensures its melting at a much lower temperature than those used in a soldering process of a brazed type heat exchanger.
- the tubes and fins of the heat exchanger being made generally in an aluminum alloy whose melting temperature is well greater than 300 ⁇ , the heating of the caulking material does not risk causing unwanted local fusions of the tubes and fins or an alteration of their mechanical characteristics by thermal action.
- the heating temperature of the sealing material therefore does not affect the mechanical strength of a mechanical heat exchanger, the tubes are crimped in the fins, as could be done against the temperatures involved in the processes brazing which are of the order of 500 ⁇ or more.
- the clogging material is an alloy comprising essentially tin.
- An alloy consisting essentially of tin has a low melting point, is inexpensive and a good conductor of heat. The use of this alloy therefore lends itself well to the implementation of the invention.
- the collar is formed by a fallen edge of the fin.
- the tube and the fin are made of the same single-alloy material, for example an alloy material mainly comprising aluminum.
- the tube and the fin are each made of two different materials, each of these materials nevertheless being an alloy material comprising mainly aluminum.
- the subject of the invention is also a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger comprising at least one tube and at least one fin, of the type in which the tube is connected to the fin by crimping this tube in a collar provided in a the fin, characterized in that
- this tube or fin is coated with a layer of a material distinct from that of the tubes and fins, this layer forming a reserve of sealing material for a possible defect of contact between the tube and the collar, this sealing material being activatable by fusion, and
- the sealing material is heated so as to cause it to melt so as to seal any defect of contact between the tube and the collar.
- the melt sealing material easily fills the gaps forming contact defects between the tube and the collar.
- the sealing material is heated to cause melting by means of a hot air flow.
- the tube is threaded into a hole in the fin intended to form the collar
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a detail view along the arrow II of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the line III-III of FIG. 2.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 show a heat exchanger according to the invention designated by the general reference 10.
- the heat exchanger 10 is intended to equip a motor vehicle.
- the heat exchanger 10 comprises tubes 12, in which a conventional heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, and heat exchange elements 14 connected to these tubes 12.
- the heat exchanger 10 is of the mechanical type. More particularly, the tubes 12 are connected to the heat exchange elements, referred to in this case as fins 14, by crimping the tubes 12 in flanges 16 formed in the fins 14. Crimp here is the embedding of the tubes in the fins as previously described so that the tubes are found tight in the fins at the fins.
- the fins are provided with holes 18 through which the tubes 12 pass. These passage holes 18 are each delimited by a dropped edge forming a neck 20.
- the tubes 12 each have a generally elongated shape and have a substantially oval section.
- the tubes 12 are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so as to form a single row.
- the fins 14 have a substantially flat general shape and are arranged in the heat exchanger 10 substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the tubes 12.
- Each tube 12 is threaded into a series of holes 18 aligned with the fins 14.
- the tubes 12 are clamped in the necks 20 through which they pass, so that these necks 20 form the collars 16.
- the tubes 12 and the fins 14 are made of the same mono-alloy material, more particularly an alloy material comprising mainly aluminum.
- each tube 12 is coated with a layer of material 22 separate from the materials of the tubes and fins.
- this layer of material 22 is represented on only one of the tubes 12 of FIG. According to another embodiment, it is the fins which are coated with a layer of material 22 distinct from the materials of the tubes and fins. According to yet another embodiment, the tubes and the fins are coated with a layer of material 22 distinct from the materials of the tubes and fins.
- this layer of material 22 is less than 50 micrometers.
- This layer 22 forms a reserve of clogging material 22 of a possible fault of contact between the tube 12 that it covers and each collar 16 through which the tube 12.
- This sealing material 22 is melt-activatable.
- the sealing material 22 has a melting temperature of less than 300 ° C.
- the clogging material 22 is for example an alloy comprising essentially tin.
- the clogging material 22 When the clogging material 22 is activated by melting, it flows, by capillarity, into the interstices 24 and the mouth. Thus, as can be seen in FIG. 2, the clogging material 22 clogs the interstices 24 so as to ensure a quality thermal junction between the tube 12 and the collar 16.
- the filling of the interstices can be observed under an optical microscope.
- the fact that the sealing material 22 filling the interstices 24 results from solidification of this material after melting can be observed by micrography, the melting having modified its microstructure.
- the heat exchanger 10 according to the invention is simple to manufacture because it takes up most of the steps of a conventional manufacturing process of a mechanical type exchanger.
- each tube 12 Prior to the connection of each tube 12 to the fins 14, this tube 12 is coated with a layer of clogging material 22.
- the clogging material layer 22 may be applied over the entire outer surface of the tube or only a portion thereof. Similarly, in the modes of wherein the fins are coated with a layer of material, the layer of clogging material 22 may be applied over the entire surface of the fin or only a portion thereof.
- each tube 12 is first inserted into the aligned through holes 18 of the fins 14.
- the sealing material 22 is heated so as to cause its fusion and the clogging of a possible defect of contact between the tube 12 and each collar 16.
- the sealing material 22 has a melting temperature of less than 300 °, it is generally possible to carry out the heating step by means of a hot air flow, which is sufficient to cause the sealing material 22 to melt.
- This heating mode has the advantage of not requiring an expensive or complex installation. In addition, it does not call into question the rigidity of the structure of the heat exchanger 10, which avoids the use of support means for the tubes 12 and the fins 14.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1550415A FR3031804B1 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2015-01-19 | IMPROVED HEAT EXCHANGER WITH TUBES AND FINS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH A HEAT EXCHANGER |
PCT/EP2016/051041 WO2016116464A1 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | Improved heat exchanger with tubes and fins and method for producing such a heat exchanger |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3247965A1 true EP3247965A1 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
EP3247965B1 EP3247965B1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
Family
ID=52807984
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16700929.9A Active EP3247965B1 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | Improved heat exchanger with tubes and fins and method for producing such a heat exchanger |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3247965B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3031804B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016116464A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4520774B2 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2010-08-11 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | Heat exchanger |
US20060108104A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-05-25 | Jia-Hao Li | Heat-dissipating fin set in combination with thermal pipe |
US20130014917A1 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-17 | Tsung-Hsien Huang | Heat pipe-attached heat sink with bottom radiation fins |
-
2015
- 2015-01-19 FR FR1550415A patent/FR3031804B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-01-19 WO PCT/EP2016/051041 patent/WO2016116464A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-01-19 EP EP16700929.9A patent/EP3247965B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3247965B1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
FR3031804B1 (en) | 2018-07-27 |
FR3031804A1 (en) | 2016-07-22 |
WO2016116464A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
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