EP3247812B1 - Grain refining method for aluminium alloys - Google Patents
Grain refining method for aluminium alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3247812B1 EP3247812B1 EP15728214.6A EP15728214A EP3247812B1 EP 3247812 B1 EP3247812 B1 EP 3247812B1 EP 15728214 A EP15728214 A EP 15728214A EP 3247812 B1 EP3247812 B1 EP 3247812B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- added
- aluminum alloy
- grain
- strontium
- alloys
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017143 AlSr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 AIB compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100150279 Caenorhabditis elegans srb-6 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910016459 AlB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021365 Al-Mg-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Definitions
- Invention relates to a method which ensures that grain refinement can be made more efficiently in aluminum cast alloys.
- the invention particularly relates to a method which ensures grain refinement of aluminum alloys by adding sufficient amount of strontium (Sr) and boron (B) into the ladle containing aluminum alloy while the rotor is rotating after flux effect neutralized in degassing process.
- Al-Ti-B master alloys are commonly used for grain refinement in Al-Si cast alloys. Nucleating mechanism in alloy is provided by TiB 2 and Al 3 Ti compounds as a result of using Al-Ti-B master alloys.
- SrB 6 has positive effect on the modification of eutectic phase as well.
- Mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of the material are improved through grain structure with finer grain size and well-modified eutectic phase. Higher number of grains and finer size of grain particularly cause the elongation values to be improved.
- the other positive effect is that the impact strength of alloy increases with the increase in toughness of the material. Improvements occur in mechanical properties.
- the grain size may vary depending on cooling speed in the range specified above and type of grain refining master alloys used.
- Grain size on commercial vehicles aluminum alloy wheels in the market are as mentioned above.
- Minimum grain size which can be formed by present commercial grain refiners, aluminum alloy wheels which are produced with low pressure die casting, metallurgical and mechanical properties have reached the limit in current design inputs and section thickness. Additionally, current grain size does not allow designs with higher strength to be made or finer and complex designs to be made.
- Present average grain size which is in the range of 500 ⁇ m - 1000 ⁇ m causes the porosities to be present on the product with larger and segregated form.
- the invention relates to a pressure casting alloy comprised of a suitable aluminum alloy for pressure casting of structure parts having high expansion character in case of casting, in addition to aluminum and unpreventable contamination, silicon with a weight percentage of 8.5 and 10.5, manganese with a weight percentage of 0.3 and 0.8, magnesium with maximum weight percentage of 0.06, iron with maximum weight percentage of 0.15, copper with maximum weight percentage of 0.03, zinc with maximum weight percentage of 0.10, titanium with maximum weight percentage of 0.15, molybdenum with a weight percentage of 0.05 and 0.5 and 30 and 300 ppm strontium for continuous enrichment or 5 and 30 ppm sodium and/or 1 and 30 ppm calcium.
- the invention relates to a method for grain refinement and structure modification for Al-Mg-Si alloys used in sand casting containing Ca, Na and Sr less than 0.001%, 5.0-10.0% Mg, 1.0-5.0% Si, 0.001-1.0% Mn, 0.01-0.2% Ti as main alloy or hard casting.
- Objective of the invention is to introduce an embodiment having different technical properties introducing a new development in this field considering the applications used in present art.
- Another objective of the invention is to obtain an embodiment having finer grain size in aluminum alloys with Sr and B elements.
- Another objective of the invention is that grain sizes, obtained in production of aluminum alloy wheels by low pressure casting method, are in the range of 50 ⁇ m-500 ⁇ m.
- Another objective of the invention is that aluminum alloy is formed in homogeneous macrostructure.
- Another objective of the invention is reduction of defects in casting such as shrinkage and gas porosity in alloy.
- Another objective of the invention is increase in fluidity during casting process and capability of cast feeding.
- Another objective of the invention is filling narrow sections easier during casting process.
- Another objective of the invention is reduction of shrinkage-distortion problems depending on contraction during thermal process.
- Another objective of the invention is to reduce the number of scrap ratio in production.
- Another objective of the invention is to be able to reduce heat treatment process time by increase in surface area of grain boundaries due to grain refining; in other words, increase in the number of grains in per unit volume.
- Another objective of the invention is to obtain improvements in energy consumption and production period regarding to reduction in heat treatment process time.
- Another objective of the invention is increase in mechanical properties of final product and accordingly, improvement and moderation in design as a result of finer grain structure of aluminum alloys.
- Another objective of the invention is to obtain commercially successful product with higher mechanical properties according to all these improvements.
- Another objective of the invention is reducing the amount of additive elements for the aluminum alloy grain refinement up to 1/5-1/7 ratio.
- the invention relates to a method which ensures refining of grain structure of aluminum alloys. It is comprised of process steps for grain refining which sufficient amount of strontium (Sr) is added to the ladle containing aluminum alloy and boron (B) is added to said ladle after flux influence in degassing process is completed while the rotor is still rotating.
- Sr strontium
- B boron
- this method follows the steps in which total titanium content of aluminum alloy is controlled under 0.005% by weight, SrB 6 is formed by binding of boron(B) and strontium (Sr) in aluminum alloy at the rate of 1:1.35 by weight, free strontium (Sr) at the rate of 0.015% or more by weight remain in aluminum alloy for eutectic modification following SrB 6 formation.
- Boron (B) is added to the aluminum alloy as AIB compound.
- Strontium (Sr) is added to the aluminum alloy as AlSr compound.
- Invention relates to a method which ensures refining of grain structure of aluminum casting alloys. It comprises the processes in which sufficient amount of strontium (Sr) is added to the ladle containing aluminum alloy and boron (B) is added to the ladle after flux effect in degassing process is finished while the rotor continues rotating for grain refining.
- Sr strontium
- B boron
- This method follows the steps in which total titanium content of aluminum alloy is controlled under 0.005% by weight, SrB 6 is formed by binding of boron(B) and strontium (Sr) in aluminum alloy at the rate of 1:1.35 by weight, free strontium (Sr) at the rate of 0.015% or more by weight remain in aluminum alloy for eutectic modification following SrB 6 formation.
- Boron (B) is added to the aluminum alloy as AIB compound.
- Strontium (Sr) is added to the aluminum alloy as AlSr compound.
- AlSi7Mg is used as common aluminium alloy in wheel manufacturing.
- this process is likely to be successful in Al-Si, Al-Cu and Al-Mg alloys too.
- the Boron amount in the cast piece can be examined via spectrometer to have a better understanding of SrB 6 amount in the alloy but the obtained value comprises also AlB 2 and TiB 2 phases.
- minimum 35ppm B and 150 ppm Sr should be measured in any section of cast piece.
- any existing Ti element in the master alloy leads to form TiB 2
- TiB 2 is known to be one of the existing grain refining methods in aluminum alloys, the SrB6 formation is reduced significantly by the existence of Ti in the master alloy resulting loss in grain refining effectiveness. Therefore rather Ti free master alloys or master alloys containing Ti below 50ppm should be preferred to have an accomplished grain refining by SrB6.
- This method can be used in aluminum alloys which includes Titanium element by an appropriate holding ladle and mixing system.
- AlSr is added to the ladle beforehand and then, AIB is added after flux effect passes in degassing process while rotor is rotating. Afterwards, this ladle is transferred to casting bench.
- Desired fine grained and modified structure can be maintained in a single charge. Totally, Xppm B + 1.35XppmSr + 100-200 ppm Sr (for modification) is added to the ladle.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL15728214T PL3247812T3 (pl) | 2015-03-10 | 2015-03-10 | Sposób rozdrabniania ziarna dla stopów aluminium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/TR2015/000097 WO2016144274A1 (en) | 2015-03-10 | 2015-03-10 | Grain refining method for aluminum alloys |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3247812A1 EP3247812A1 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
| EP3247812B1 true EP3247812B1 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
Family
ID=53373526
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15728214.6A Active EP3247812B1 (en) | 2015-03-10 | 2015-03-10 | Grain refining method for aluminium alloys |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3247812B1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2724953T3 (es) |
| PL (1) | PL3247812T3 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2016144274A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111289514B (zh) * | 2020-03-16 | 2022-02-11 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | 一种显示铝合金宏观晶粒及流线的方法 |
| CN111996409B (zh) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-07-02 | 湘潭大学 | 一种预防铝硅合金硅毒化的细化晶粒方法 |
| CN115896552A (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-04-04 | 兰州理工大学 | 一种合金添加剂及其应用、Al-Si合金及其细化变质的方法 |
| CN117210724B (zh) * | 2023-09-13 | 2024-04-02 | 山东迈奥晶新材料有限公司 | 用于降低铝合金中过渡族元素含量的Al-MB6合金及其制备方法 |
| CN117660792B (zh) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-04-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种金属熔炼复合搅拌除气装置 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE502004009801D1 (de) | 2003-01-23 | 2009-09-10 | Rheinfelden Aluminium Gmbh | Druckgusslegierung aus Aluminiumlegierung |
| US20080299001A1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Alcan International Limited | Aluminum alloy formulations for reduced hot tear susceptibility |
| AT511397B1 (de) | 2011-05-03 | 2013-02-15 | Sag Motion Ag | Verfahren zur raffination und gefügemodifikation von aimgsi-legierungen |
| US9771635B2 (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2017-09-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Cast aluminum alloy for structural components |
| CN103981386B (zh) * | 2014-04-30 | 2016-04-06 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | 亚共晶和共晶铝硅合金变质及细化的方法 |
-
2015
- 2015-03-10 ES ES15728214T patent/ES2724953T3/es active Active
- 2015-03-10 EP EP15728214.6A patent/EP3247812B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-10 WO PCT/TR2015/000097 patent/WO2016144274A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-03-10 PL PL15728214T patent/PL3247812T3/pl unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2724953T3 (es) | 2019-09-18 |
| EP3247812A1 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
| PL3247812T3 (pl) | 2019-08-30 |
| WO2016144274A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
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