Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
  • B60H1/00785—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models by the detection of humidity or frost
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
  • B60H1/00792—Arrangement of detectors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
  • B60H1/008—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models the input being air quality
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
  • B60H3/06—Filtering
  • B60H2003/0683—Filtering the quality of the filter or the air being checked
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
  • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
  • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
  • F24F11/39—Monitoring filter performance

Definitions

• the invention relates to air analysis devices which are intended to equip heating / air conditioning systems equipped with filter (s) and for supplying treated air to an enclosure.
• this invention relates to any system comprising at least one enclosure to be supplied with air treated by a heating / air conditioning system with filter (s) and supply flap to control its air supply from the outside and / or air from the inside of the enclosure (or recirculated air). Therefore, it concerns at least vehicles, possibly of automobile type, and buildings.
• filter is used herein to mean equipment charged with filtering into the air which supplies it with at least one chemical species in solid form (for example fine particles or dust) or in gaseous form (for example CO, O 3 , SO 2 , NO 2 , O 2 or CO 2 ), and / or dehumidify this air which feeds it.
• chemical species for example fine particles or dust
• gaseous form for example CO, O 3 , SO 2 , NO 2 , O 2 or CO 2
• Some heating / air conditioning systems and in particular those that equip vehicles, possibly cars, include an air analysis device responsible for controlling the quality of the air to feed at least one enclosure (such as a passenger compartment).
• This device generally comprises a single sensor responsible for carrying out measurements representative of the concentration of at least one chemical species (generally a gaseous or solid pollutant (particles)) in the air supplying the installation that it equips. .
• the senor When the sensor detects that the concentration of a chemical species is greater than a threshold, it warns its device so that it triggers the implementation of a suitable strategy for supplying the installation and / or cleaning up the water. 'pregnant.
• This strategy depends on the location of the sensor and therefore the air it can analyze. For example, when the sensor is located upstream of the supply flap and responsible for analyzing the outside air, the crossing of a detection threshold triggers a ban on the supply of the outside air chamber (and therefore only recirculated air (that is to say from the enclosure) feeds the installation), except for very short periods intended to regenerate the oxygen internal air.
• the sensor When the sensor is installed downstream of the supply flap, it can analyze the outside air and the recirculated air, and thus makes it possible to know both the level of pollution outside the enclosure and the level of pollution. in the enclosure in certain modes of operation of the installation.
• the aforementioned two locations of the sensor do not make it possible to precisely determine the efficiency of the filtering, for example to inform the persons who are present in the enclosure and / or to request a replacement of the filter when this efficiency becomes lower than a threshold.
• the invention is therefore particularly intended to improve the situation.
• an air analysis device intended to equip a heating / air conditioning system comprising at least one filter, suitable for filtering at least one chemical species contained in a supply air derived from the outside and / or inside of an enclosure and / or dehumidifying this supply air, and adapted to supply treated air to this enclosure, and, secondly, comprising at least one clean sensor to carry out measurements representative of the concentration of this chemical species and / or hygrometry in the air which feeds it.
• This device is characterized by the fact that it also comprises: - a part comprising at least three entries intended to be placed in upstream of the sensor and to be supplied respectively with air coming from the outside, with air coming from inside the enclosure and with filtered air coming from an area of the installation which is located downstream of the filter, and
• Control means adapted to selectively control the passage of air through one of the inputs according to a received instruction so that the sensor analyzes this air.
• the air analysis device according to the invention may comprise other characteristics that can be taken separately or in combination, and in particular:
• its control means can comprise, on the one hand, a rotating disk placed against the entrances and having an opening adapted to allow the passage of air through one of these inputs when it is placed opposite that and, on the other hand, an electric motor capable of driving in rotation the rotary disk to place its opening opposite an input corresponding to the instruction received;
• duct secured to its part and having an internal part in which is housed at least a portion of the sensor and an output adapted to be coupled to the installation upstream of the filter;
• It may also include an electric air pump to suck the air to pass through the selected inlet.
• the invention also proposes a heating / air-conditioning system capable of supplying treated air to an enclosure and comprising at least one filter capable of filtering at least one chemical species contained in an air supply coming from outside and / or from inside the enclosure and / or dehumidify this supply air, and an air analysis device of the type shown above.
• the heating / air conditioning system according to the invention can have other features that can be taken separately or in combination, including:
• the parts and means of control of its air analysis device can be installed upstream of the filter and downstream of a supply flap which is
• a supply duct supplied with air by the supply flap and comprising an outlet secured to the room for supplying at least one of its outlets to outside air and / or in air from the enclosure, a second part, an opening communicating with an area located downstream of the filter, and, thirdly, a connecting conduit providing a connection between this opening and another of the inputs of the room ;
• it may comprise, firstly, an opening 15 communicating with a first zone located upstream of the filter, a second portion, another opening communicating with an area located downstream of the filter, a third part, a connecting conduit providing a connection between this opening and one of the inputs of the part, and, fourthly, another connecting conduit providing a connection between this
• it may also comprise, on the one hand, yet another opening communicating with a second zone situated upstream of the filter, and, on the other hand, yet another connecting conduit providing a connection between this latter opening and another one of the other entrances to the room.
• the invention also proposes a vehicle, possibly of automobile type, and comprising at least one enclosure and a heating / air-conditioning installation of the type presented above.
• FIG. 1 schematically and functionally illustrates an example of a heating / air conditioning installation installed in a vehicle and equipped with an exemplary embodiment of an air analysis device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 schematically illustrates, in a perspective view, the air analysis device of FIG. 1, and
• FIG. 3 schematically illustrates, in a sectional view in a transverse plane, a part of the air analysis device of FIG. 2.
• the purpose of the invention is notably to propose a DA air analysis device intended to equip a heating / air-conditioning system IC with filter (s) FA, itself intended to equip a system S comprising at least one enclosure H .
• the heating / air conditioning system IC is part of a system S arranged in the form of a motor vehicle, such as a car.
• the enclosure H of the vehicle S is therefore its cabin.
• the invention is not limited to this type of system. It concerns in fact any type of land vehicle, maritime (or fluvial), or air, and any type of building, since it comprises at least one enclosure intended to be supplied with air treated by a heating / air-conditioning system. filter (s).
• FIG. 1 shows schematically and functionally an example of a heating / air-conditioning installation IC implanted in a vehicle (or system) S and coupled to an exemplary embodiment of a DA air-analysis device according to FIG. invention.
• the heating / air conditioning system IC is located in the CO engine compartment of the vehicle (or system) S and intended to supply the passenger compartment H with treated air.
• this installation (heating / air conditioning) IC comprises in particular a blower (or motor-fan unit (or GMV)) PU, at least one FA filter, a cold loop (or air conditioning loop) BF, a hot loop ( or heating loop) BC, a VA power shutter, a VM mixing flap, and Vj distribution flaps.
• a blower or motor-fan unit (or GMV)
• GMV motor-fan unit
• the PU blower is supplied with air coming from outside the cockpit H and / or air coming from the interior of the passenger compartment H (or recirculated (or recycled) air) by the supply flap (or air inlet) VA.
• the outside air comes from a first conduit C1
• the recirculated air comes from the passenger compartment H via a second leads C2.
• the air flow rate supplied by the PU blower depends on the power level which has been automatically calculated by a computer CS which manages the installation IC, or else chosen (and possibly programmed) by a passenger of the vehicle S by means of a control member which is installed in the passenger compartment H, generally in the dashboard.
• the FA filter is responsible for filtering into the air which feeds at least one chemical species in solid form (such as for example fine particles or dust) or in gaseous form (for example CO, O 3 , SO 2 , N0 2 , 0 2 or C0 2 ), and / or dehumidify the air that feeds it.
• the filter FA is installed downstream of the PU pulser and upstream of the cold loop BF. But it could be implanted in other places after the CA sensor of the DA analysis device.
• the installation IC could comprise several filters FA (at least two).
• the cold loop BF is supplied with air by the PU blower. It comprises in particular an evaporator EV (traversed by the air which is derived from the PU blower), as well as a compressor, a condenser and a circuit in which circulates a refrigerant and which is coupled to the evaporator EV, to the compressor and to the condenser.
• evaporator EV traversed by the air which is derived from the PU blower
• a compressor a condenser and a circuit in which circulates a refrigerant and which is coupled to the evaporator EV, to the compressor and to the condenser.
• the output of the evaporator EV is coupled to a duct which feeds, on the one hand, a mixing chamber CM having a first input whose access is controlled by the mixing flap VM, and, on the other hand, the hot loop BC whose access is controlled by the mixer VM and the output feeds a second input of the mixing chamber CM.
• the hot loop BC is intended to heat the air which is derived (here) from the evaporator EV and which is intended for the passenger compartment H of the vehicle S, possibly after mixing with the less hot air present in the chamber CM mixing.
• heating means MC comprising, for example, a heater, such as for example a heat exchanger (in which circulates a liquid which is optionally heated by electrical heating resistors (for example of the high-voltage CTP type), or by a heat-combustion heater), and / or an electric radiator, for example consisting of electric heating resistors (for example of the high-voltage CTP type).
• These heating means MC are charged, when they operate, to heat the air passing through them and which is (here) coming from the evaporator EV, in order to deliver heated air to their outlet which supplies the second input of the mixing chamber CM.
• the respective positions of the distribution flaps Vj depend on the distribution outlets at which a passenger of the vehicle S wishes that the treated air from the IC installation is delivered. These dispensing outlets may be chosen by the passenger by means of at least one control member installed in the passenger compartment H, generally in the dashboard.
• the mixing flap VM is intended to control the distribution of air, which is provided by the VA supply flap (and which has here passed through the evaporator EV), between the mixing chamber CM and the heating means MC . It therefore allows to mix (or mix) in a controlled manner part of the air that has passed through the cold loop BF (possibly in operation) and the air that has passed through the hot loop BC. Its position depends on the operating mode of the IC installation. The mode of operation of the installation IC is chosen by a user of the vehicle S or by the computer CS, possibly as a function of choice made by a user of the vehicle S.
• the implementation of the mode selected operating mode is controlled by the computer CS and involves an operation of at least one of the elements that are the PU blower, the cold loop BF, the hot loop BC, the VA supply flap, the mixing flap VM and distribution flaps Vj.
• the air analysis device DA comprises at least one AC sensor, one piece PA and control means MC.
• the part PA comprises, as illustrated in FIG. 2, at least three inputs Ej intended to be placed upstream of the sensor CA and to be supplied respectively with air coming from the outside, with air coming from the interior of the passenger compartment. H (or recirculated air), and filtered air from an area of the IC installation that is located downstream of the FA filter.
• the piece PA is installed downstream of the supply shutter VA and secured to the outlet of a duct of the installation IC which is supplied with outside air and / or in recirculated air by this VA supply flap. Therefore, the first E1 and second E2 inputs directly receive both outdoor air and recirculated air. Therefore, in an alternative embodiment the first E1 and second E2 inputs could be merged to form a single common input.
• the supply of the room PA with outside air or recirculated air depends on the placement of the supply flap VA in a position which only allows the passage of the outside air or in a position which allows only the passage of recirculated air.
• the third input E3 is coupled to the output of a connection duct CL whose input is coupled to an opening defined in a duct of the installation IC which couple the FA filter to the cold loop BF.
• This allows the analysis of the filtered air.
• the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 is in fact intended to allow both a complete integration of the device DA in the installation IC and an offset of the device DA in the immediate vicinity of the installation IC and a coupling between this device DA and IC installation via at least three link conduits.
• each input Ej of the device DA must be coupled to the installation IC via a connecting pipe to be supplied with air to be sampled, and the output of the device DA may be coupled to the IC installation via another connecting pipe, or communicate with the engine compartment CO to evacuate outside the analyzed air.
• the IC installation must include at least three openings for the collection of a portion of the outside air that feeds it, recirculated air that feeds it and air that it has filtered through. by means of its FA filter.
• a first opening may be defined in the first duct C1 and be coupled to the input of a first connecting duct whose output is coupled to the first input E1 of the room PA
• a second opening may be defined in FIG.
• a third opening can be defined in a duct coupling the filter FA to the loop BF cold and be coupled to the input of a third connecting conduit whose output is coupled to the third input E3 of the piece PA.
• the part PA comprises a fourth input E4 which can be powered (via a connection duct) by air taken from a selected zone of the vehicle S or in a other selected area of the IC installation.
• the sensor CA is arranged to perform measurements that are representative of the concentration in the air that feeds it (and more precisely that which sweeps it and which comes from an input Ej) of the species chemical (or of each chemical species) that is filtered by the FA filter and / or hygrometry in the air that feeds it (and more precisely who sweeps it and that comes from an inlet Ej).
• this AC sensor may comprise at least one resistive element in MOX ("Metal Oxide Semiconductor") technology and having a resistance that varies as a function of the concentration of a single odorless gas, such as, for example, nitrogen dioxide. (or NO 2 ) or carbon monoxide (or CO), or odorous, such as a carbon gas type C x H y .
• a single odorless gas such as, for example, nitrogen dioxide. (or NO 2 ) or carbon monoxide (or CO), or odorous, such as a carbon gas type C x H y .
• this AC sensor can be arranged to determine the concentration of particles having diameters greater than a threshold or within a predefined range.
• the AC sensor may, for example, be suitable for measuring the concentration of at least one chemical species selected from at least CO, O 3 , SO 2 , NO 2 , O 2 , CO 2 , PM 10 and PM2.5 (even PM1), and / or the hygrometry in the air that sweeps it.
• the device (air analysis) DA comprises only one AC sensor. But it could include several (at least two).
• the device DA comprises a conduit CD having an inlet secured to the component PA (downstream of its inputs Ej) and having an internal part in which the air circulates. to analyze and is housed at least a portion of the AC sensor.
• This CD conduit also includes an output that is adapted to be coupled to the IC installation upstream of the FA filter. This coupling can be done either directly by securing to an input of a conduit of the installation IC or equipment of the latter (IC), such as for example its PU blower, or indirectly via a connecting conduit.
• the output of the conduit CD could communicate with the engine compartment CO to evacuate outside air analyzed.
• the sensor CA could be attached to a conduit of the installation IC having an input secured to the part PA (downstream of its inputs Ej) and having an internal part in which the air circulates. power supply (outside and / or recirculated).
• the control means MC are adapted to selectively control the passage of air through one of the inputs Ej according to a received instruction so that the sensor AC analyzes this air.
• the instruction may, for example, be issued from the computer CS. But it can come from another calculator of the vehicle S, such as that which is responsible for providing information at least to the driver of the vehicle S via the on-board man / machine interface.
• the phases of analysis of the air may possibly require the placement of the VA supply flap in positions appropriate to each of them.
• the efficiency of the filtering of the outside air and / or the recirculated air can be determined by making a comparison between the result of an analysis of the supply air (outside and / or recirculated) before the filtering by the filter FA and the result of an analysis of the air filtered by the filter FA.
• the results of the measurements carried out by the AC sensor are transmitted to a computer of the vehicle S which is responsible for providing the passengers of the latter (S) with information relating to its operation, to the aerothermal energy in its passenger compartment H and to its external environment. .
• This calculator is then responsible for informing the passengers of the vehicle S at least the level of pollution outside the passenger compartment H, the level of pollution in the passenger compartment H, and the efficiency of the air filtering. outside and / or recirculated air. It can also deduce from the results received the level of saturation or clogging of at least part of the FA filter, and request a replacement at least a part of the filter FA when this level becomes greater than a threshold.
• the computer could trigger the transmission of pollution information (at least outside the vehicle S), by wave (possibly via the Internet) to neighboring or distant vehicles.
• control means MC can be made in different ways. One of these ways is illustrated without limitation in Figures 1 to 3.
• control means MC comprise a rotary disk DR and an electric motor ME.
• the rotary disc DR is placed against the inputs Ej of the part PA and has an opening OV which is adapted to allow the passage of air through one of the inputs Ej when it is placed opposite it.
• the electric motor ME is adapted to rotate the rotary disk DR to place its opening OV opposite an input Ej which corresponds to the instruction received.
• This electric motor ME may, as shown without limitation, be secured to the wall of the conduit CD which is secured to the AC sensor and which is coupled to the rotary disk DR and the workpiece PA.
• the electric motor ME rotates the rotary disk DR to place its opening OV opposite the first input E1, which obstructs all the others.
• inputs E2 to E4 The outside air coming from the first duct C1 can then cross the only first entry E1 and the opening OV (arrow F1), then enter the duct CD to scan the CA sensor (arrow F2) to be analyzed by the latter ( IT).
• the electric motor ME rotates the rotary disc DR to place its opening OV opposite the second input E2, which obstructs all the others. inputs E1, E3 and E4.
• the interior air from the second conduit C2 can then pass through the only second input E2 and OV opening, then enter the conduit CD to scan the CA sensor to be analyzed by the latter (CA). Also likewise, if the instruction received is associated with the analysis of the filtered air, the electric motor ME rotates the rotary disk DR for place its OV opening next to the third input E3, which obstructs all other inputs E1, E2 and E4. The filtered air can then pass through only the third inlet E3 and the OV opening, and then enter the conduit CD to scan the AC sensor for analysis by the latter (CA).
• the rotational drive of the rotary disk DR can be done via a wheel or a coupling gear RC rotated by the electric motor ME. If a coupling wheel is used, its peripheral edge and the peripheral edge of the rotary disc DR are preferably coated with a material facilitating the drive without slipping. If a coupling pinion is used, the peripheral edge of the rotary disk DR must include teeth intended to mesh with its own teeth.
• the vacuum existing upstream of the blower allows automatic sampling of the air to be analyzed and thus the crossing of the inlet Ej selected by this air to be analyzed.
• the device DA when the device DA is deported (and therefore when all its inputs Ej are coupled to the installation IC via connecting conduits), it must also include an electric air pump intended to suck in the air to pass through. Ej input selected.
• This electric air pump may, for example, be a small turbine installed downstream of the AC sensor and whose power supply is controlled by the control means MC, possibly according to instructions from the computer supervising the installation IC or another onboard computer.
• control means MC could comprise solenoid valves (hydraulic or pneumatic or mechanical) or flaps associated respectively with the different inputs Ej, replacing the rotary disk DR.
• control means MC could comprise solenoid valves (hydraulic or pneumatic or mechanical) or flaps associated respectively with the different inputs Ej, replacing the rotary disk DR.
• each entry Ej could be associated with his / her own sensor (s).
• the invention offers several advantages, among which:

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
• Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-01-14 FR FR1550276A patent/FR3031574B1/fr active Active
  • 2015-12-11 CN CN201580073516.1A patent/CN107405976B/zh active Active
  • 2015-12-11 EP EP15819847.3A patent/EP3245081A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-12-11 WO PCT/FR2015/053457 patent/WO2016113478A1/fr active Application Filing

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