EP3244150B1 - Dryer for web of textile fabric with a device for operation using minimal energy and method for same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dryer for a textile material web with at least one dryer space, in which at least one air-permeable drum is rotatably arranged, which is partially wrapped by the web and wherein the web with heated drying air can be flowed through, and wherein a fan is provided with the moist air drying from an opening of the drum from the inside of the drum sucked and a circulation of the drying air back into the dryer room can be formed, and wherein a heat supply is arranged, with the drying air heat can be supplied.

The DE 10 2012 109 878 B4 discloses a dryer for a textile web having a dryer space in which a plurality of air-permeable drums are rotatably arranged, which are partially wrapped by the web and wherein the web is passed through with heated drying air. Furthermore, each fan is associated with a fan, with the humid drying air from the inside of the drum can be sucked from an opening of the drum and a circulation of the drying air back into the dryer room is formed and wherein a heat supply is arranged, with the drying air heat can be supplied.

The DE 4325915 A1 discloses a drum dryer in which a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the region of the circulating end of the web around the drum to close indirectly on the residual moisture of the web.

The US 2015/0198368 A1 describes a drum dryer for a web, which is preceded by a further drying device. The upstream drying device is after the extraction of a Hydroentangling plant arranged, from which the web runs out with a high moisture. The web runs first through this upstream drying device, then to the drum dryer. The saturated with high humidity exhaust air from the drum dryer flows through the web in the upstream drying device, wherein water is eliminated in the drying device. The moisture measurement takes place behind the drying device in the extracted air.

For heat input, which is necessary for heating the drying air, serve heating elements, which are arranged in the heating and fan room. The heating elements are arranged so that they are flowed around by the air flow of the fan radially or tangentially flowing drying air. If, for example, three drums are provided, around which the textile web is guided one after the other, three drying air circulations, which are at least partially separated from each other, are also provided, and each drying air circuit is generated by an associated fan. In this case, each heating air circuit own heating elements are assigned, so that the heat is supplied separately in each drying air circuit.

If the textile material web runs over an inlet roller and wraps around the drums one after the other, then the drying of the textile material web occurs stepwise one after the other. The removal of the moisture of the textile web is not uniform in each dryer room and with a constant Trocknungsgradienten, but the textile web passes through a drying cascade with several dryer rooms, and the degree of drying of the textile web that leaves the dryer on a discharge roll again, should have a required Have residual moisture. The drying is ideally carried out with a minimum energy input into the dryer, so for example, a residual moisture content of 8% in the textile web when leaving the dryer, and so that the energy input via the heat and the operation of the fan for the entire dryer should be minimal ,

In order to operate a dryer energy-minimally, it must be operated with different parameter settings for individual qualities and initial moistures of the textile web, and the energy consumption must be determined to achieve a required residual moisture. Known are dryers with several drums, which, however, only for the entire dryer, the drying performance can be determined. This determination is made by measuring the initial moisture content of the web when entering the dryer and by measuring the final moisture content of the web when exiting the dryer.

Known measurements of the product temperature, in particular the cooling limit temperature, are unsuitable for a drum dryer, since the temperature measurement is usually non-contact and predominantly the temperature of the drum itself is measured and not the temperature of the web. The reason for this is that, as a rule, the mass of the product is many times smaller compared to the mass of the drum. Consequently, a measurement of the temperature of the mantle surface of the drum rather than a measurement of the temperature of the textile web takes place.

To reduce the energy input per mass of fabric to be dried fabric heat recovery facilities are known, by which a part of the energy loss through the hot exhaust air to the drying process can be fed again, as in DE 10 2012 109 878 B4 described. However, the device for heat recovery does not allow optimization of the humidity climate in the dryer rooms in such a way that a further energy reduction to operate the drying process is possible.

The object of the invention is the development of a dryer for drying a textile web and the development of a method for operating such a dryer, wherein the dryer and the method to allow drying of the textile web with the least possible use of energy.

The invention includes the technical teaching that a moisture measuring element is arranged in or downstream of the opening of the drum, with which the degree of moisture of the sucked drying air from the inside can be measured, and according to the invention, the dryer has a control that is designed to at least to control the heat input as a function of the measured moisture level of the extracted from the inside drying air.

The core idea of the invention is the optimization of the drying process, which is based on an assessment of the degree of drying in each drying zone of the dryer, wherein each drying zone is formed by a separate dryer space. The procedure according to the invention is the development of a dryer with at least one moisture measuring element, which measures the degree of moisture of the drying air extracted from the inside of the drum after the textile web has been passed through by the drying air. On the basis of the required residual moisture of the textile web when leaving the dryer, the drying performance for each individual drying space is consequently assessed and optimized. For this purpose, according to the invention, the control is used, which is designed to control the heat supply as a function of the measured moisture level of the extracted from the inside drying air. In addition, the controller is also designed to control the electric power of the fan, which also constitutes a consumer.

So that the specific evaporation power can be determined by the textile web in relation to the flow rate of the drying air, in addition to the moisture measurement in or behind the opening of the drum in the direction of the fan, a flow measuring element is provided which measures the flow velocity and which measurement signal is transmitted to the control.

An advantageous development of the dryer provides that it has a plurality of drums with a plurality of fans associated with the drums, wherein in the openings of the drums each a humidity measuring element is arranged, and wherein the controller is adapted to at least the heat supply to the respective circulating drying air in dependence to control the measured moisture level of the drying air from the drums. The heat supply is formed by heating elements, by the drying chambers associated hot gas supply means or the like, and according to the invention the control is further developed to set the individual heating outputs of the respective heat supply to the dryer rooms to each other. For this purpose, the measured moisture value is taken as the basis for each heating power, whereby optimal control of the heat input is calculated by taking into account further measured data, so that the required residual moisture of the textile material web with which it leaves the dryer is finally achieved with minimum energy input. Thus, for example, with respect to a total heating capacity of the dryer, a higher percentage of partial heating power is introduced in the first dryer room, and lower partial heating capacities prevail for the middle and rear dryer rooms. Consequently, by applying an appropriate algorithm, the controller must adjust the respective heat output of the heat supplies, the adjustment preferably also being variable over a continuous drying process. In particular, the adaptation also takes place on the textile material web, so that the textile type, the quality, the input moisture and the like of the textile material web are used as the basis for the control process for introducing different energy inputs into the dryer rooms.

With further advantage, the dryer has at least one intermediate chamber, which is assigned to the drum or the respective drums are assigned and in the sucked from the inside of the drum or the drums drying air can be flowed, wherein the moisture measuring element is arranged behind the opening in the intermediate chamber. If a plurality of intermediate chambers are provided, a moisture measuring element is arranged behind the opening in front of or in each intermediate chamber. The intermediate chambers serve in particular for the diversion of the exhaust air from the respective drying air and / or for the supply of supply air by a supply air device.

With further advantage, the dryer has an exhaust device for branching off an exhaust air from the moist drying air, wherein a moisture measuring element is arranged in the exhaust device. The measured value of the air humidity in the exhaust air device is also provided to the controller.

It is also conceivable that in the dryer room or in the dryer rooms or in the intermediate chamber or in the intermediate chambers or in each case a temperature measuring element is arranged, which is adapted to output a temperature value to the controller.

For example, the controller has an energy module and a process module, wherein the energy module is designed to monitor at least the heat supply and / or the fan, and wherein the process module is designed to monitor the at least one moisture measurement element and / or the temperature measurement element. Advantageously, the control is developed such that at a required residual moisture of the textile web when leaving the dryer, the heat and / or fans of the successively traversed by the textile web Drying rooms are supplied with respective energy flows so that a minimum total energy demand is achieved.

Advantageously, a volume flow measuring element is arranged in or downstream of the opening, with which the volume flow of the extracted from the inside drying air can be measured. The volume flow measuring element is advantageously also connected to the controller, and a volume flow signal serves, for example, to support the control of the fans.

A further advantageous embodiment of the dryer provides that a volume flow measuring element is arranged in the Zulufteinrichtung, and another volume flow measuring element is arranged in the exhaust device. By means of the detection of the volume flows of the supply air and the exhaust air control of the heat recovery can be controlled improved, wherein the exhaust air is adjusted depending on the residual moisture of the textile web, and wherein the volume flow of the supply air is readjusted in dependence of the volume flow of the exhaust air.

The dryer has, with further advantage, a heat exchanger device with which the heat of the exhaust air from the exhaust air device can be transmitted to a supply air of a supply air device.

The invention is further directed to a method for operating a dryer for a textile fabric web having at least one dryer space in which at least one air-permeable drum is rotatably arranged, which is partially wrapped by the web and wherein the web is passed through with heated drying air, and wherein a fan is provided, is sucked with the drying air from the inside of the drum from an opening of the drum and a circulation of the drying air is formed back into the dryer room, and wherein a heat supply is arranged, with the drying air heat is supplied. The process sees the following steps before: providing a humidity measuring element in or downstream of the opening; Measuring the degree of moisture of the drying air sucked from the inside and controlling at least the heat supply as a function of the measured moisture level of the extracted from the inside drying air with a controller. Further features and associated advantages, which are described above in connection with the dryer according to the invention, are also used for the process according to the invention.

In particular, the controller has an energy module and a process module, wherein at least the heat supply and the fan is monitored and controlled by the energy module, and wherein the energy module interacts with the process module such that the energy requirement for operating the dryer is minimal, to a required residual moisture to achieve the textile web.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Trockners, in der die Merkmale der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt sind,

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Trockners mit einer detaillierteren Darstellung der Komponenten,

Figur 3

eine Querschnittsansicht des Trockners durch einen Trocknerraum mit einer im Trocknerraum aufgenommenen Trommel,

Figur 4

eine schematische Ansicht des Trockners mit einer Ablufteinrichtung und mit einer Zulufteinrichtung, wobei eine Wärmetauschereinrichtung zwischen der Ablufteinrichtung und der Zulufteinrichtung gezeigt ist und

Figur 5

ein Diagramm, das die Steuerung mit dem Energiemodul und dem Prozessmodul zeigt, wobei die Überwachungs- und Steuerungsströme zwischen den Komponenten des Trockners und dem Energiemodul und dem Prozessmodul schematisch gezeigt sind.

Further, measures improving the invention will be described in more detail below together with the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to FIGS. Show it:

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a dryer, in which the features of the invention are shown schematically,

FIG. 2

a perspective view of the dryer with a more detailed representation of the components,

FIG. 3

a cross-sectional view of the dryer through a dryer room with a recorded in the dryer room drum,

FIG. 4

a schematic view of the dryer with an exhaust device and with a Zulufteinrichtung, wherein a heat exchange device between the exhaust device and the air supply device is shown and

FIG. 5

a diagram showing the control with the power module and the process module, wherein the monitoring and control currents between the components of the dryer and the power module and the process module are shown schematically.

FIG. 1 shows in a perspective view of a dryer 100 for a textile web 1, and the dryer 100 has four successive dryer rooms 10, which passes through the web 1 successively.

The dryer 100 is shown with a closed housing, and a drying device 19 moist drying air in the form of an exhaust air 20 is removed from the dryer 100 and via a supply air 21 dry supply air 22 is fed to the dryer 100.

In a schematic way, several moisture measuring elements 16 are indicated, wherein each of the dryer rooms 10 is assigned at least one moisture measuring element 16. Furthermore, there is a moisture measuring element 26 in the exhaust device 19 to measure the degree of moisture of the branched moist exhaust air 20.

FIG. 2 shows a further perspective view of the dryer 100 for drying the textile web 1 with, for example, three dryer rooms 10, and the view shows the exhaust device 19 for discharging the exhaust air 20 and the air supply device 21 for supplying the supply air through the transparent representation of the housing Dryer rooms 10 visible, and in each of the dryer rooms 10, an air-permeable drum 11 is rotatably received, and the drums 11 are successively looped by the textile web 1 partially.

In order to introduce drying air into the dryer chambers 10, antechambers 28 are formed on the side above and on the side below the dryer chambers 10, and through air-permeable screen covers 29 the heated drying air is distributed uniformly into the dryer rooms 10.

In a schematic way, 28 moisture measuring elements 30 are arranged in the lower antechambers, in addition to the Moisture measuring elements 16 according to FIG. 1 Measure the moisture of the drying air flowing from the antechambers 28 into the dryer chambers 10 through the screen covers 29 therethrough. In a manner not shown in detail further moisture measuring elements 30 may be arranged in the upper-side antechambers 28.

On the rear side of the dryer chambers 10, respective intermediate chambers 18 are arranged, and from the inside 14 of the respective drum 11, the drying air is sucked into the intermediate chambers 18, which has flowed through the web 1 and has a corresponding humidity. A cross-sectional view is shown in FIG FIG. 3 the structure of the dryer 100 in the region of the intermediate chambers 18th

FIG. 3 shows in a cross-sectional view of a drying room 10 with the overlying and underlying antechambers 28 and the screen covers 29. Via an opening 13, the inner side 14 of the drums 11 is connected to the intermediate chamber 18, and with the fan 12 on the rear side of the intermediate chamber 18 the moist drying air is sucked through the intermediate chamber 18 and transferred into a fan room 36.

In the intermediate chamber 18 is the moisture measuring element 16, which is directly impinged with the drying air, which is sucked out of the inner side 14 of the drum 11. Furthermore, located in the intermediate chamber 18, a temperature measuring element 23, with which the temperature of the drying air is measured. Furthermore, a volumetric flow measuring element 37, which measures the volumetric flow of the drying air, is likewise located in the intermediate chamber 18, wherein the measured value likewise depends on the flow rate measured in FIG FIG. 1 shown control 17 is detected.

In the fan room 36 heating elements for forming a heat supply 15 are arranged, via which the drying air is heated.

Behind the cutting plane is the Zulufteinrichtung 21, is introduced via the supply air into the intermediate chamber 18.

FIG. 4 1 shows the illustration of the dryer 100 in a schematic manner with four dryer chambers 10 and with four drums 11 arranged in the respective dryer chambers 10. In a manner not shown in detail, each dryer chamber 10 is associated with heat supply, which are preferably operated with the controller 17 at different energy levels.

The illustration shows the exhaust device 19 for discharging the exhaust air 20 from the dryer 100 and it is the air supply device 21 for supplying the supply air 22 shown. Both air streams of the exhaust air 20 and the supply air 22 pass through the heat exchanger device 27, so that the warm exhaust air 20 heats the cold supply air 22. A supply air fan 33 in the supply air device 21 and an exhaust air fan 34 in the exhaust air device 19 serve to generate the corresponding air flows.

For the operation of the controller 17 according to the invention, several measuring points are used for measuring physical quantities of the air streams, which can additionally be set up for the moisture measurement according to the invention with the moisture measuring elements 16 in the dryer 100. For example, a moisture measuring element 26 for measuring the degree of humidity of the exhaust air 20 is in the exhaust air device 19 In the supply air device 21 is another temperature measuring element 32, wherein the respective measuring elements 26, 31 and 32 are electrically connected to the controller 17. The air supply device 21 further includes a supply air flap 35, via which the amount of supplied supply air 22 is set to the dryer 100.

The exemplary embodiment furthermore has a volume flow measuring element 38 in the air supply device 21, and another one Volume flow measuring element 39 is arranged in the exhaust air device 19. By means of the detection of the volume flows of the supply air 22 and the exhaust air 20, a control of the heat recovery can be controlled improved, the exhaust air 22 is adjusted depending on the residual moisture of the textile web, and wherein the volume flow of the supply air 22 in response to the volume flow of the exhaust air 20 readjusted becomes.

Finally shows FIG. 5 a schematic view of the control structure of the controller 17 in interaction with the dryer chambers 10 of the dryer 100, wherein exemplary four dryer rooms 10 are shown.

The controller 17 has an energy module 24 and a process module 25. The energy module 24 is designed to monitor at least the heat supply 15 and / or the fan 12 and the process module 25 is designed to monitor the at least one moisture measuring element 16 and / or the temperature measuring element 23. Furthermore, the process module 25 monitors the measured values of the moisture measuring element 26 in the exhaust air 20.

With the inventively designed controller 17, the possibility is created that at a required residual moisture of the textile web 1 as it passes through the dryer 100, the heat sources 15 and / or the fans 12 of the successively traversed by the textile web drying chambers 10 are supplied with respective energy streams in that a minimum total energy requirement is achieved. Thus, with the power module 24, a control of the heat supply 15 and also the fan 12 is made so that each dryer room 10 is supplied with a minimum required energy, while an ideal drying process is achieved, which is possible for each dryer room 10 achieved a drying air with at least a proportion of superheated steam.

In carrying out the method for operating the dryer 100 with the controller 17 in the manner described above, therefore, a dryer 100 which adjusts itself with minimum energy is created. The controller 17 of the dryer 100 ensures a minimum energy flow into the respective dryer rooms 10, so that the energy consumption is minimized to achieve the required residual moisture of the textile web 1. The respective operating states are dependent on the quality and the input moisture of the textile web, so that empirical values can be entered, for example via a control panel of the dryer 100, which control values are necessary for conditioning the individual dryer rooms 10. These values depend, for example, on the quality, the density, the weight per unit area and the thickness of the textile web 10, wherein preferably the input moisture and initial moisture content of the textile web 10 are taken into account as an input for programming the controller 17 and for running a corresponding dryer program of the dryer 100 become.

The invention is not limited in its execution to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment. Rather, a number of variants is conceivable, which makes use of the illustrated solution even with fundamentally different types of use. All of the claims, the description or the drawings resulting features and / or advantages, constructive details or spatial arrangements may be essential to the invention both in itself and in various combinations.

reference numeral

100

dryer

1

textile web

10

drying room

11

drum

12

fan

13

opening

14

inside

15

heat

16

Measuring element

17

control

18

intermediate chamber

19

exhaust device

20

exhaust

21

air device

22

supply air

23

Temperature sensing element

24

power module

25

process module

26

Measuring element

27

heat exchanger device

28

anteroom

29

screen cover

30

Measuring element

31

Temperature sensing element

32

Temperature sensing element

33

supply air fan

34

exhaust fan

35

inlet flap

36

fan room

37

Volume flow measuring element

38

Volume flow measuring element

39

Volume flow measuring element

Claims (12)

1. A dryer (100) for a web of textile material (1), with at least one dryer compartment (10), in which at least one air-permeable cylinder (11) is rotatably disposed, around which the web of material (1) may partially loop, and wherein heated air may flow through the web of material (1), and wherein a fan (12) is provided, by means of which humid drying air from the inside (14) of the cylinder (11) may be suctioned from an opening (13) of the cylinder (11), and a circulation of the drying air back into the dryer compartment may be formed, and wherein a heat supply (15) is set-up, by means of which heat may be supplied to the drying air,
   characterized in that a hygrometer element (16) is disposed in or downstream behind the opening (13),
   with which is measurable the degree of humidity of the drying air suctioned from the inside (14), and in that the dryer (100) includes a control (17), which is formed to control at least the heat supply (15) depending on the measured degree of humidity of the drying air suctioned from the inside (14).
2. The dryer (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the dryer (100) includes several cylinders (11) with several fans (12) associated to the cylinders (11), wherein respectively one hygrometer element (16) is disposed in the openings (13) of the cylinders (11), and in that the control (17) is formed for controlling at least the heat supply (15) to the respective circulated drying air depending on the respectively measured degree of humidity of the drying air from the cylinders (11).
3. The dryer (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dryer (100) includes at least one intermediate compartment (18), which is associated to the cylinder (11) or which are respectively associated to the cylinders (11) and into which the drying air suctioned from the inside (14) of the cylinder (11) may flow, wherein the hygrometer element (16) is disposed behind the opening (13) in the intermediate compartment (18).
4. The dryer (100) according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the dryer (100) includes an outgoing air device (19) for branching of outgoing air (20) from the humid drying air, wherein a hygrometer element (16) is disposed in the outgoing air device (19).
5. The dryer (100) according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that a, respectively one thermometer element (23), which is adapted for emitting a temperature value to the control (17), is disposed in the dryer compartment/s (10) or in the intermediate compartment/s (18).
6. The dryer (100) according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the control (17) includes an energy module (24) and a process module (25), wherein the energy module (24) is formed for monitoring at least the heat supply (15) and/or the fan (12), and wherein the process module (25) is formed for monitoring the at least one hygrometer element (16, 26, 30) and/or the thermometer element (23).
7. The dryer (100) according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the control (17) is formed such that for a required residual humidity of the web of textile material (1) upon leaving the dryer (100) the heat supplies (15) and/or the fans (12) of the dryer compartments (10) which the webs of textile material (1) pass one after the other are supplied with respective energy flows such that a minimum overall energy demand is achieved.
8. The dryer (100) according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that a volume flow meter element (37) is disposed in or downstream behind the opening (13), by means of which the volume flow of the drying air suctioned from the inside (14) is measurable.
9. The dryer (100) according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that a volume flow meter element (38) is disposed in the ingoing air device (21) and/or a volume flow meter element (39) is disposed in the outgoing air device (19).
10. The dryer (100) according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the dryer (100) includes a heat exchanger device (27), by means of which heat of the outgoing air (20) from the outgoing air device (19) is transferable to ingoing air (22) of an ingoing air device (21).
11. A method for operating a dryer (100) for a web of textile material (1) with at least one dryer compartment (10), in which at least one air-permeable cylinder (11) is rotatably disposed, around which the web of material (1) partially loops, and wherein heated drying air may flow through the web of material (1), and wherein a fan (12) is provided, by means of which humid drying air is suctioned from the inside (14) of the cylinder (11) from an opening (13) of the cylinder (11), and a circulation of the drying air back into the dryer compartment (10) is formed, and wherein a heat supply (15) is set-up, by means of which heat is supplied to the drying air, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps:

    - providing a hygrometer element (16) in or downstream behind the opening (13),

    - measuring the degree of humidity of the drying air suctioned from the inside (14), and

    - controlling with a control (17) at least the heat supply (15) depending on the measured degree of humidity of the drying air suctioned from the inside (14).
12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the control (17) includes an energy module (24) and a process module (25), wherein at least the energy supply (15) and the fan (12) are monitored and controlled with the energy module (24), and wherein the energy module (24) interacts with the process module (25) in such a manner that the energy demand for operating the dryer (100) becomes minimum in order to achieve a required residual humidity of the web of textile material (1).

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