EP3240648B1 - Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisée - Google Patents

Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3240648B1
EP3240648B1 EP15820178.0A EP15820178A EP3240648B1 EP 3240648 B1 EP3240648 B1 EP 3240648B1 EP 15820178 A EP15820178 A EP 15820178A EP 3240648 B1 EP3240648 B1 EP 3240648B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
electrode
forming device
tank
revolution
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP15820178.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3240648A1 (fr
Inventor
Gilles Avrillaud
Julien FUZEAU
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ADM28 SARL
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ADM28 SARL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
    • B21D26/12—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves initiated by spark discharge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electro-hydroforming device with optimized chamber.
  • a hydroforming process is a process of manufacture by deformation. It allows the plastic deformation of a metal part of a relatively small thickness. To achieve this deformation, a fluid is used which, when pressurized, allows the deformation of said piece on a mold. Several techniques are used to pressurize the fluid.
  • electro-hydroforming process One of the processes used is a so-called electro-hydroforming process. This process is based on the principle of an electric discharge in the fluid stored in a tank. The amount of electrical energy released generates a pressure wave whose propagation in the fluid is very fast and allows the plastic deformation of the mechanical part against the mold. Electrodes positioned in the fluid thus make it possible to release an electric charge stored in energy storage capacities.
  • the patent US 6591649 presents an electro-hydroforming device. It comprises a substantially elliptical shaped vessel closed by a mold and a set of electrodes coupled to an electrical energy storage device. The set of electrodes is placed in the tank parallel to the mold and is adapted to generate an electric arc allowing the creation of pressure waves that will directly deform a workpiece placed facing the mold.
  • the manufacture of parts with details of high accuracy is possible by electro-hydroforming but it requires a significant amount of energy or to achieve several electrical discharges. Optimize the quantity of energy to be delivered makes it possible both to reduce the size of the generator and therefore the necessary investments, but also to reduce the mechanical stresses applied to the tools, in particular the discharge chamber and the electrodes.
  • the repetition of landfills significantly increases production times and thus increases production costs.
  • the results obtained for the realization of pieces with large form factor by electro-hydroforming are sometimes not very good and some details of a great precision can not be obtained only with great difficulty.
  • the form factor is defined by a ratio between a surface occupied by the workpiece to be formed and a height of said workpiece.
  • the present invention therefore aims to provide an electro-hydroforming device that allows the manufacture of parts of high accuracy and / or with a high form factor, with less energy or reducing the number of discharges required . Thus, investments, production costs and possibly production times are reduced.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-hydroforming device having improved reliability and service life over prior art devices.
  • it will be easy to use and will have a competitive manufacturing cost.
  • the present invention provides an electro-hydroforming device comprising a mold, a tank having a first wall, a first electrode, a second electrode both placed in the tank and adapted to generate an electric discharge to create at least a pressure wave, the first wall having a shape of revolution about an axis of revolution and a concavity oriented towards the mold.
  • the electrodes have axes of revolution coinciding with the axis of revolution of the first wall
  • the tank comprises a second wall located between the mold and the first wall.
  • the first wall is of conical or frustoconical shape allowing an improvement in the concentration of indirect pressure waves in order to increase a pressure moment applied to the part to be formed.
  • the first wall has a half-angle at the apex having a value between 20 ° and 35 °.
  • the second wall is preferably of frustoconical shape.
  • the second wall has an apex half-angle having a value between 20 ° and 35 °.
  • the second wall is of paraboloid shape for delaying the arrival of indirect waves on the workpiece.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the electrodes are arranged in the extension of one another, an inter-electrode space remaining between them.
  • the arcs formed between the electrodes connect the two electrodes and are substantially parallel thereto and therefore also to the axis of revolution of the first wall.
  • the electrodes are advantageously arranged at the height of the first wall relative to the axis of revolution. This arrangement favors the fact that the pressure waves that arrive at the mold are mainly waves reflected on the first wall.
  • the inter-electrode gap separating the first electrode from the second electrode is adjustable so that the device can be adapted to different molds.
  • the attached drawing relates to an electro-hydroforming device 2 which comprises a mold 4 positioned on a vessel 6 containing a fluid 18, at least a first electrode 10 and a second electrode 12 positioned in the vessel 6.
  • the figure 1 has a simplified sectional view of this electro-hydroforming device 2.
  • the mold 4 comprises a lower part 38 and a mold center 40. It is shaped to allow the realization of a forming part 16 can have a large form factor with details of great accuracy. Depending on the conformation of the workpiece 16, the mold 4 may for example be cylindrical. Preferably, the mold 4 is positioned on an upper portion 20 of the vessel 6 and is removable.
  • the mold 4 comprises a pipe 22 coupled to means for evacuating (not shown in the figures) to eliminate any presence of air between the workpiece 16 and the mold 4.
  • evacuating not shown in the figures
  • the tank 6 is adapted to contain the fluid 18 which here is preferably water.
  • a pipe (not shown in the figures) can be used to maintain a constant fluid level 18 in the tank 6.
  • the tank 6 is composed of a high density material such as a metal or a metal alloy .
  • the tank 6 has a first wall 8 and a bottom 24 positioned at a lower portion 26. It also has a second wall 14 positioned at the top 20 ( figure 1 ). The first wall 8 and the second wall 14 meet in a junction zone as shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the bottom 24 is of planar shape and is parallel to a separation plane between the tank 6 and the mold 4.
  • the first wall 8 and the second wall 14 have a shape of revolution relative to an axis of revolution AA ' as shown on the figure 1 .
  • the first wall 8 has a concave shape.
  • the concavity of this wall is oriented towards the mold 4.
  • the first wall 8 then forms, possibly with the bottom of tank 24, a hollow space oriented towards the mold 4.
  • the first wall 8 is frustoconical of axis AA 'and has a half-angle at the apex ⁇ 1 ( figure 1 ).
  • the second wall 14 is also of frustoconical shape with axis AA 'and has a half-angle at the apex ⁇ 2 ( figure 1 ).
  • the value of the half-angle at the apex ⁇ 1 is between 20 ° and 35 °.
  • the value of the half-angle at the apex ⁇ 2 is between 20 ° and 35 ° and may be different from the value of the half-angle at the vertex ⁇ 1. From the bottom of the tank 24, the first wall 8 is not parallel to the axis of revolution AA 'but because of its concavity is diverging towards the mold 4 while the second wall 14 converges towards the mold 4.
  • the first wall 8 has a height h1 and the second wall 14 has a height h2 ( figure 1 ).
  • the heights h1 and h2 are determined during the manufacture of the tank 6 so that the characteristics of the electro-hydroforming device 2 correspond to the characteristics of a given specification.
  • the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 each have an axis of revolution.
  • the revolutions axes of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 merge with the axis of revolution AA 'of the first wall 8.
  • the electrodes are in the extension of one another so that the arc electrical generated between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 is thus close to the axis of revolution A-A '.
  • the first electrode 10 is a high voltage electrode (several tens of kV). It is held on the axis of revolution AA 'using at least two holding arms 34.
  • the holding arms 34 may be made of metal or synthetic material and are fixed to the tank 6. When the arms 34 are made of metal, they are isolated from the tank 6 to prevent parasitic arcing arcing between the holding arms 34 and the tank 6.
  • the second electrode 12 is fixed on the bottom of the tank 24. It is made of a metal part and is at the same potential as the tank 6.
  • An insulator 36 can be installed between the tank 6 and the second electrode 12. In an example of realization, the tank 6 and the second electrode 12 are coupled to the electrical ground.
  • the first electrode 10 has a first end 30 and the second electrode 12 has a second end 32.
  • An adjustable inter-electrode space corresponding to the spacing between the first end 30 and the second end 32 makes it possible to control a trigger electric arc between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12.
  • the inter-electrode space is adjusted so that it is less than a distance separating the first end 30 of the first wall 8.
  • an electrical storage device (not shown in the figures) adapted to store a sufficient amount of electrical energy under a voltage which is also sufficient (typically from 1kV to 100kV) in order to generate at least one electric arc between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 and to deform the workpiece 16.
  • a pulse generator (not shown in the figures) is coupled to the storage device of energy.
  • the pulse generator and the electrical storage device being known to those skilled in the art, they will not be presented in the following description.
  • the Figures 2 to 5 schematically and schematically represent the first electrode 10, the second electrode 12, the tank 6, and the mold 4.
  • the electric arc between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 has also been schematized.
  • the electric arc is never straight or identical from one time to another but globally, the electrodes are arranged such that the electric arc is substantially parallel to the axis of revolution A-A '.
  • the electric arc generated between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 gives rise to direct pressure waves.
  • These direct pressure waves move concentrically around the inter-electrode space and a direct pressure wave (OD1 on the figure 2 ) is propagated towards the first wall 8.
  • These direct pressure waves are represented on the Figures 2 to 5 by arrows in continuous lines.
  • an electro-hydroforming device 2 with its first wall 8 whose half-angle at the top ⁇ 1 is such that a maximum direct pressure waves striking the first wall 8 of the tank 6 give rise to indirect pressure waves (represented schematically by discontinuous lines) which propagate towards the axis of revolution AA 'towards the lower part 38 of the mold 4.
  • a direct pressure wave from the first end 30 ( figure 2 ) which moves parallel to the bottom of the tank 24 towards the first wall 8 is reflected (angle ⁇ 1) and gives rise to an indirect wave which moves towards the axis of revolution AA 'towards the lower part 38 of the mold 4.
  • the reflection towards the mold 4 is obtained thanks to the concave shape of the first wall 8 which converges the pressure waves towards the mold 4.
  • This first wall 8 acts in a manner similar to a concave mirror with light rays.
  • the half-angle ⁇ 1 at the top of the first frustoconical wall 8 makes it possible to direct the indirect pressure waves towards the axis of revolution AA 'towards the lower part 38 of the mold 4.
  • the half-angle ⁇ 2 at the top of the the second frustoconical wall 14 is adapted to confine a part of the indirect pressure waves on the axis of AA 'revolution towards the lower part 38 of the mold 4.
  • a direct pressure wave has a direct pressure wave power and an application time on the workpiece 16.
  • An indirect pressure wave has an indirect pressure wave power and an application time on the workpiece 16. The time of application of a wave corresponds to the time when the part to be formed is applied the pressure corresponding to said wave.
  • a pressure moment (Pa.s) also called pulse can be determined. It corresponds to an integration over time of the pressure exerted by a pressure wave on the part to be formed. The pressure moments of the direct pressure waves and the pressure moments of the indirect pressure waves exerted on a given surface of the part to be formed 16 are added.
  • the workpiece 16 is applied a pressure moment that can be three times greater than a pressure moment of an electro-hydroforming device of the art prior art which essentially uses the pressure moments of the direct waves.
  • the figure 6 represents pressure moments, as a function of the application time of the direct and indirect pressure waves for different vessel shapes 6.
  • a curve shows the pressure moment for a device of the prior art and a curve C shows the moment pressure for the embodiment described above ( figure 2 ).
  • the half-angle at the apex ⁇ 1 of the first wall 8 makes it possible to direct the indirect pressure waves towards the axis of revolution AA 'towards the center of the mold 40.
  • the half-angle at the apex ⁇ 2 of the second wall 14 is adapted to confine the indirect pressure waves on the axis of revolution AA 'towards the center of the mold 40.
  • a curve B presents the pressure moment for the embodiment presented above ( figure 3 ).
  • the bottom of tank 24 is pointed giving a conical shape to the first wall 8.
  • the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 are positioned near the bottom of tank 24 (still on the axis of revolution A- AT'). Due to the conical shape of the first wall 8, and the slope (angle ⁇ 2) of the second wall 14, the indirect pressure waves are reflected several times by the second wall 14 before recombining to obtain a time difference between the direct pressure wave and the different indirect pressure waves.
  • the second wall 14 may be of paraboloid form whose dimension h2 ( figure 5 ) and the position of its focus are adapted to reflect several times the indirect pressure waves in order to shift the arrival of these on the workpiece 16 ( figure 6 ; curve D).
  • the tank 6 may not have a second wall 14 or an upper portion 20.
  • the mold 4 is coupled to the first wall 8 for the manufacture of a forming part 16 of relatively flat shape.
  • an electric arc is formed substantially parallel to an axis of revolution, thus forming direct pressure waves which are reflected on a concave wall directing the pressure waves towards the mold and the workpiece to be deformed.
  • the second wall which is optional is however advantageous because it guides the pressure waves after reflection on the first wall having a concavity towards the mold.
  • an electro-hydroforming device for forming parts having significant detail levels and / or large form factor. Thanks to the first wall 8 of concave shape and the position of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12, the workpiece is mainly formed using indirect pressure waves. The performances of the electro-hydroforming device according to the invention are improved compared to the performance of the devices of the prior art.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
EP15820178.0A 2014-12-29 2015-12-29 Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisée Active EP3240648B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1463411A FR3031054B1 (fr) 2014-12-29 2014-12-29 Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisee
PCT/EP2015/081377 WO2016107884A1 (fr) 2014-12-29 2015-12-29 Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3240648A1 EP3240648A1 (fr) 2017-11-08
EP3240648B1 true EP3240648B1 (fr) 2019-02-06

Family

ID=53200044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15820178.0A Active EP3240648B1 (fr) 2014-12-29 2015-12-29 Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisée

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10953450B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3240648B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6677744B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN107206455B (zh)
FR (1) FR3031054B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2016107884A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3062586B1 (fr) * 2017-02-08 2020-02-28 Adm28 S.Ar.L Dispositif d'electrohydroformage

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US2559227A (en) * 1947-05-24 1951-07-03 Interval Instr Inc Shock wave generator
US3232085A (en) * 1959-08-31 1966-02-01 Inoue Kiyoshi Machining apparatus utilizing electro discharge pressure
US3195334A (en) * 1960-12-27 1965-07-20 William S Filler Explosive forming of metals employing a conical shock tube
US3358487A (en) * 1961-12-28 1967-12-19 American Can Co Electro-hydraulic forming apparatus
US3188844A (en) * 1962-01-17 1965-06-15 Robert J Schwinghamer Electrical discharge apparatus for forming
US3163141A (en) 1963-07-15 1964-12-29 Gen Dynamics Corp Metal forming
US3491564A (en) * 1967-11-24 1970-01-27 Electro Form Inc Electro-hydraulic flat forming system
US3631700A (en) * 1968-08-10 1972-01-04 Shimadzu Corp Electrohydraulic metal-forming machine
US3486062A (en) * 1969-01-13 1969-12-23 Gen Electric Electrohydraulic shock-wave generating apparatus with directing and shaping means
SU575161A1 (ru) * 1975-05-11 1977-10-05 Физико-технический институт АН Белорусской ССР Устройство дл штамповки листовых заготовок жидкостью высокого давлени
JPS5223776A (en) 1975-08-15 1977-02-22 Sanwa Kigyo Kk In-the-fluid-discharge shock waves generating and conducting device
US4068514A (en) * 1976-07-12 1978-01-17 Viktor Nikolaevich Chachin Device for electrohydraulic die-forging
US5256430A (en) * 1991-05-29 1993-10-26 Nkk Corporation Method for generating a detonation pressure
IL122795A (en) 1997-12-29 2002-02-10 Pulsar Welding Ltd Combined pulsed magnetic and pulsed discharge forming of a dish from a planar plate
CN2714222Y (zh) * 2004-08-09 2005-08-03 苏州群伦精密机电工业有限公司 一种成型放电加工机
US7493787B2 (en) * 2006-12-11 2009-02-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electro-hydraulic forming tool having two liquid volumes separated by a membrane
US7827838B2 (en) * 2008-05-05 2010-11-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Pulsed electro-hydraulic calibration of stamped panels
US7802457B2 (en) 2008-05-05 2010-09-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electrohydraulic forming tool and method of forming sheet metal blank with the same
US8127582B2 (en) * 2008-12-19 2012-03-06 Medtronic, Inc. High velocity forming of medical device casings
US20140053622A1 (en) 2012-08-21 2014-02-27 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for electro-hydraulic forming
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2018501116A (ja) 2018-01-18
CN107206455A (zh) 2017-09-26
US20180021837A1 (en) 2018-01-25
WO2016107884A1 (fr) 2016-07-07
FR3031054B1 (fr) 2017-01-27
US10953450B2 (en) 2021-03-23
JP6677744B2 (ja) 2020-04-08
FR3031054A1 (fr) 2016-07-01
EP3240648A1 (fr) 2017-11-08
CN107206455B (zh) 2018-12-14

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