EP3240648A1 - Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisée - Google Patents
Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage avec chambre optimiséeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3240648A1 EP3240648A1 EP15820178.0A EP15820178A EP3240648A1 EP 3240648 A1 EP3240648 A1 EP 3240648A1 EP 15820178 A EP15820178 A EP 15820178A EP 3240648 A1 EP3240648 A1 EP 3240648A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- electrode
- electro
- mold
- revolution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005323 electroforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
- B21D26/12—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves initiated by spark discharge
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electro-hydroforming device with optimized chamber.
- a hydroforming process is a process of manufacture by deformation. It allows the plastic deformation of a metal part of a relatively small thickness. To achieve this deformation, a fluid is used which, when pressurized, allows the deformation of said piece on a mold. Several techniques are used to pressurize the fluid.
- electro-hydroforming process One of the processes used is a so-called electro-hydroforming process. This process is based on the principle of an electric discharge in the fluid stored in a tank. The amount of electrical energy released generates a pressure wave whose propagation in the fluid is very fast and allows the plastic deformation of the mechanical part against the mold. Electrodes positioned in the fluid thus make it possible to release an electric charge stored in energy storage capacities.
- US-6,591,649 discloses an electro-hydroforming device. It comprises a substantially elliptical shaped vessel closed by a mold and a set of electrodes coupled to an electrical energy storage device. The set of electrodes is placed in the tank parallel to the mold and is adapted to generate an electric arc allowing the creation of pressure waves that will directly deform a workpiece placed facing the mold.
- the manufacture of parts with details of high accuracy is possible by electro-hydroforming but it requires a significant amount of energy or to achieve several electrical discharges. Optimizing the amount of energy to be delivered makes it possible both to reduce the size of the generator and thus the necessary investments, but also to reduce the constraints mechanical tools, including the discharge chamber and electrodes.
- the repetition of landfills significantly increases production times and thus increases production costs.
- the results obtained for the realization of large form factor parts by electroforming are sometimes not very good and some details of great precision can not be obtained. be obtained only with great difficulty.
- the form factor is defined by a ratio between a surface occupied by the workpiece to be formed and a height of said workpiece.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electro-hydroforming device which allows the manufacture of parts of high precision and / or with a high form factor, with less energy or by reducing the number of discharges required. . Thus, investments, production costs and possibly production times are reduced.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-hydroforming device having improved reliability and service life over prior art devices.
- it will be easy to use and will have a competitive manufacturing cost.
- the present invention provides an electro-hydroforming device comprising a mold, a vessel having a first wall, a first electrode, a second electrode both placed in the vessel and adapted to generate an electric discharge to create at least one a pressure wave.
- the first wall has a form of revolution along an axis of revolution
- the electrodes have axes of revolution coinciding with the axis of revolution of the first wall
- the first wall has a concavity oriented towards the mold.
- the first wall is of conical or frustoconical shape allowing an improvement in the concentration of indirect pressure waves in order to increase a pressure moment applied to the part to be formed.
- the first wall has a half-angle at the apex having a value between 20 ° and 35 °.
- the vessel advantageously comprises a second wall located between the mold and the first wall.
- the second wall is preferably of frustoconical shape.
- the second wall has an apex half-angle having a value between 20 ° and 35 °.
- the second wall is of paraboloid shape for delaying the arrival of indirect waves on the workpiece.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the electrodes are arranged in the extension of one another, an inter-electrode space remaining between them.
- the arcs formed between the electrodes connect the two electrodes and are substantially parallel thereto and therefore also to the axis of revolution of the first wall.
- the electrodes are advantageously arranged at the height of the first wall relative to the axis of revolution. This arrangement favors the fact that the pressure waves that arrive at the mold are mainly waves reflected on the first wall.
- the inter-electrode gap separating the first electrode from the second electrode is adjustable so that the device can be adapted to different molds.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electro-hydroforming device according to the present invention
- Figures 2 to 5 are each a simplified schematic view of a chamber according to each time an alternative embodiment of the electroforming device of Figure 1, and
- FIG. 6 is a comparative graph showing the performances of an electro-hydroforming device of the prior art, and for each of the variant embodiments presented in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5.
- the attached drawing relates to an electro-hydroforming device 2 which comprises a mold 4 positioned on a vessel 6 containing a fluid 18, at least a first electrode 10 and a second electrode 12 positioned in the vessel 6.
- FIG. in simplified section of this electro-hydroforming device 2.
- the mold 4 comprises a lower part 38 and a mold center 40. It is shaped to allow the realization of a forming part 16 can have a large form factor with details of great accuracy. Depending on the conformation of the workpiece 16, the mold 4 may for example be cylindrical. Preferably, the mold 4 is positioned on an upper portion 20 of the vessel 6 and is removable.
- the mold 4 comprises a pipe 22 coupled to means for evacuating (not shown in the figures) to eliminate any presence of air between the workpiece 16 and the mold 4.
- evacuating not shown in the figures
- the tank 6 is adapted to contain the fluid 18 which here is preferably water.
- a pipe (not shown in the figures) can be used to maintain a constant fluid level 18 in the tank 6.
- the tank 6 is composed of a high density material such as a metal or a metal alloy .
- the tank 6 has a first wall 8 and a bottom 24 positioned at a lower portion 26. It also has a second wall 14 positioned at the top 20 ( Figure 1). The first wall 8 and the second wall 14 meet in a junction zone as shown in FIG.
- the bottom of the tank 24 is of planar shape and is parallel to a plane of separation between the tank 6 and the mold 4.
- the first wall 8 and the second wall 14 have a shape of revolution relative to an axis of revolution AA 'as shown in Figure 1.
- the first wall 8 has a concave shape.
- the concavity of this wall is oriented towards the mold 4.
- the first wall 8 then forms, possibly with the bottom of tank 24, a hollow space oriented towards the mold 4.
- the first wall 8 is frustoconical AA 'axis and has a half-angle at the apex cc1 ( Figure 1).
- the second wall 14 is also of frustoconical shape with axis A-A 'and has a half-angle at the apex cc2 (FIG. 1).
- the value of the half-angle at the apex cc1 is between 20 ° and 35 °.
- the value of the half-angle at the apex cc2 is between 20 ° and 35 ° and may be different from the value of the half-angle at the apex cc1. From the bottom of the tank 24, the first wall 8 is not parallel to the axis of revolution A-A 'but because of its concavity is diverging towards the mold 4 while the second wall 14 converges towards the mold 4.
- the first wall 8 has a height h1 and the second wall 14 has a height h2 ( Figure 1).
- the heights h1 and h2 are determined during the manufacture of the tank 6 so that the characteristics of the electro-hydroforming device 2 correspond to the characteristics of a given specification.
- the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 each have an axis of revolution.
- the revolutions axes of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 merge with the axis of revolution AA 'of the first wall 8.
- the electrodes are in the extension of one another so that the arc electrical generated between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 is thus close to the axis of revolution A-A '.
- the first electrode 10 is a high voltage electrode (several tens of kV). It is held on the axis of revolution AA 'using at least two holding arms 34.
- the holding arms 34 may be made of metal or synthetic material and are fixed to the tank 6. When the arms 34 are made of metal, they are isolated from the tank 6 to prevent parasitic arcing arcing between the holding arms 34 and the tank 6.
- the second electrode 12 is fixed on the bottom of the tank 24. It is made of a metal part and is at the same potential as the tank 6.
- An insulator 36 can be installed between the tank 6 and the second electrode 12. In an example of realization, the tank 6 and the second electrode 12 are coupled to the electrical ground.
- the first electrode 10 has a first end 30 and the second electrode 12 has a second end 32.
- An adjustable interelectrode space corresponding to the spacing between the first end 30 and the second end 32, makes it possible to control a tripping of the arc between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12.
- the inter-electrode space is adjusted so that it is less than a distance separating the first end 30 of the first wall 8.
- an electrical storage device (not shown in the figures) adapted to store a sufficient amount of electrical energy at a voltage that is also sufficient (typically from 1 kV to 100 kV) in order to generate at least one electric arc between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 and to deform the workpiece 16.
- a pulse generator (not shown in the figures) is coupled to the storage device of energy.
- the pulse generator and the electrical storage device being known to those skilled in the art, they will not be presented in the following description.
- FIGS. 2 to 5 schematically and schematically represent the first electrode 10, the second electrode 12, the tank 6, and the mold 4.
- the electric arc between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 has also been schematized.
- the electric arc is never straight or identical from one time to another but globally, the electrodes are arranged such that the electric arc is substantially parallel to the axis of revolution A-A '.
- an electro-hydroforming device 2 with its first wall 8 whose half-angle at the top cc1 is such that a maximum direct pressure waves striking the first wall 8 of the tank 6 give rise to indirect pressure waves (represented schematically by discontinuous lines) which propagate towards the axis of revolution AA 'towards the lower part 38 of the mold 4.
- a direct pressure wave from the first end 30 (FIG. 2) that moves parallel to the bottom of the tank 24 towards the first wall 8 is reflected (angle 1 1) and gives rise to an indirect wave that moves towards the axis of revolution AA 'in the direction of the lower part 38 of the mold 4.
- the reflection towards the mold 4 is obtained thanks to the concave shape of the first wall 8 which converges the pressure waves towards the mold 4.
- This first wall 8 acts in a manner similar to a concave mirror with light rays.
- the half angle ⁇ 1 at the top of the first frustoconical wall 8 makes it possible to direct the indirect pressure waves towards the axis of revolution AA 'towards the lower part 38 of the mold 4.
- the half angle ⁇ 2 at the top of the second frustoconical wall 14 is adapted to confine a part of the indirect pressure waves on the axis of AA 'revolution towards the lower part 38 of the mold 4.
- a direct pressure wave has a direct pressure wave power and an application time on the workpiece 16.
- An indirect pressure wave has an indirect pressure wave power and an application time on the workpiece 16. The time of application of a wave corresponds to the time when the part to be formed is applied the pressure corresponding to said wave.
- a pressure moment (Pa.s) also called pulse can be determined. It corresponds to an integration over time of the pressure exerted by a pressure wave on the part to be formed. The pressure moments of the direct pressure waves and the pressure moments of the indirect pressure waves exerted on a given surface of the part to be formed 16 are added.
- the workpiece 16 is given a pressure moment that can be three times greater than a pressure moment of an electro-hydroforming device of the art.
- prior art which essentially uses the pressure moments of the direct waves.
- FIG. 6 represents pressure moments, as a function of the application time of the direct and indirect pressure waves for different vessel shapes 6.
- a curve shows the pressure moment for a device of the prior art and a curve C presents the pressure moment for the previously described embodiment (FIG. 2).
- the half-angle at the apex cc1 of the first wall 8 makes it possible to direct the indirect pressure waves towards the axis of revolution AA 'toward the center of the mold 40.
- cc2 apex angle of the second wall 14 is adapted to confine the indirect pressure waves on the axis of revolution AA 'toward the center of the mold 40.
- Curve B shows the pressure moment for the embodiment presented above (FIG. 3).
- the bottom of the tank 24 is pointed giving a conical shape to the first wall 8.
- the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12 are positioned near the bottom of the tank 24 ( always on the axis of revolution A-A '). Due to the conical shape of the first wall 8, and the slope (angle cc2) of the second wall 14, the indirect pressure waves are reflected several times by the second wall 14 before recombining to obtain a time difference between the direct pressure wave and the different indirect pressure waves.
- the second wall 14 may be of paraboloidal shape whose dimension h2 (FIG. 5) and the position of its focus are adapted to reflect several times the indirect pressure waves in order to offset the arrival of those ci on the workpiece 16 ( Figure 6, curve D).
- the tank 6 may not have a second wall 14 or an upper portion 20.
- the mold 4 is coupled to the first wall 8 for the manufacture of a forming part 16 of relatively flat shape.
- an electric arc is formed substantially parallel to an axis of revolution, thus forming direct pressure waves which are reflected on a concave wall directing the pressure waves towards the mold and the workpiece to be deformed.
- the second wall which is optional is however advantageous because it guides the pressure waves after reflection on the first wall having a concavity towards the mold.
- an electro-hydroforming device for forming parts having significant detail levels and / or large form factor. Thanks to the first wall 8 of concave shape and the position of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 12, the workpiece is mainly formed using indirect pressure waves. The performances of the electro-hydroforming device according to the invention are improved compared to the performance of the devices of the prior art.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1463411A FR3031054B1 (fr) | 2014-12-29 | 2014-12-29 | Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisee |
PCT/EP2015/081377 WO2016107884A1 (fr) | 2014-12-29 | 2015-12-29 | Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisee |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3240648A1 true EP3240648A1 (fr) | 2017-11-08 |
EP3240648B1 EP3240648B1 (fr) | 2019-02-06 |
Family
ID=53200044
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15820178.0A Active EP3240648B1 (fr) | 2014-12-29 | 2015-12-29 | Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage avec chambre optimisée |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10953450B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3240648B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP6677744B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN107206455B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3031054B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016107884A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3062586B1 (fr) * | 2017-02-08 | 2020-02-28 | Adm28 S.Ar.L | Dispositif d'electrohydroformage |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2559227A (en) * | 1947-05-24 | 1951-07-03 | Interval Instr Inc | Shock wave generator |
US3232085A (en) * | 1959-08-31 | 1966-02-01 | Inoue Kiyoshi | Machining apparatus utilizing electro discharge pressure |
US3195334A (en) * | 1960-12-27 | 1965-07-20 | William S Filler | Explosive forming of metals employing a conical shock tube |
US3358487A (en) * | 1961-12-28 | 1967-12-19 | American Can Co | Electro-hydraulic forming apparatus |
US3188844A (en) * | 1962-01-17 | 1965-06-15 | Robert J Schwinghamer | Electrical discharge apparatus for forming |
US3163141A (en) | 1963-07-15 | 1964-12-29 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Metal forming |
US3491564A (en) * | 1967-11-24 | 1970-01-27 | Electro Form Inc | Electro-hydraulic flat forming system |
US3631700A (en) * | 1968-08-10 | 1972-01-04 | Shimadzu Corp | Electrohydraulic metal-forming machine |
US3486062A (en) * | 1969-01-13 | 1969-12-23 | Gen Electric | Electrohydraulic shock-wave generating apparatus with directing and shaping means |
SU575161A1 (ru) * | 1975-05-11 | 1977-10-05 | Физико-технический институт АН Белорусской ССР | Устройство дл штамповки листовых заготовок жидкостью высокого давлени |
JPS5223776A (en) | 1975-08-15 | 1977-02-22 | Sanwa Kigyo Kk | In-the-fluid-discharge shock waves generating and conducting device |
US4068514A (en) * | 1976-07-12 | 1978-01-17 | Viktor Nikolaevich Chachin | Device for electrohydraulic die-forging |
US5256430A (en) * | 1991-05-29 | 1993-10-26 | Nkk Corporation | Method for generating a detonation pressure |
IL122795A (en) | 1997-12-29 | 2002-02-10 | Pulsar Welding Ltd | Combined pulsed magnetic and pulsed discharge forming of a dish from a planar plate |
CN2714222Y (zh) * | 2004-08-09 | 2005-08-03 | 苏州群伦精密机电工业有限公司 | 一种成型放电加工机 |
US7493787B2 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2009-02-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electro-hydraulic forming tool having two liquid volumes separated by a membrane |
US7827838B2 (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2010-11-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Pulsed electro-hydraulic calibration of stamped panels |
US7802457B2 (en) | 2008-05-05 | 2010-09-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electrohydraulic forming tool and method of forming sheet metal blank with the same |
US8127582B2 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2012-03-06 | Medtronic, Inc. | High velocity forming of medical device casings |
US20140053622A1 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2014-02-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for electro-hydraulic forming |
FR3013243B1 (fr) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-01-01 | Adm28 S Ar L | Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage |
-
2014
- 2014-12-29 FR FR1463411A patent/FR3031054B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-12-29 JP JP2017552237A patent/JP6677744B2/ja active Active
- 2015-12-29 CN CN201580074187.2A patent/CN107206455B/zh active Active
- 2015-12-29 WO PCT/EP2015/081377 patent/WO2016107884A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-12-29 US US15/540,940 patent/US10953450B2/en active Active
- 2015-12-29 EP EP15820178.0A patent/EP3240648B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2018501116A (ja) | 2018-01-18 |
CN107206455A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
US20180021837A1 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
WO2016107884A1 (fr) | 2016-07-07 |
FR3031054B1 (fr) | 2017-01-27 |
US10953450B2 (en) | 2021-03-23 |
JP6677744B2 (ja) | 2020-04-08 |
FR3031054A1 (fr) | 2016-07-01 |
EP3240648B1 (fr) | 2019-02-06 |
CN107206455B (zh) | 2018-12-14 |
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