EP3239397A1 - Method and assembly for producing a flat impregnated fibre product - Google Patents
Method and assembly for producing a flat impregnated fibre product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3239397A1 EP3239397A1 EP17168108.3A EP17168108A EP3239397A1 EP 3239397 A1 EP3239397 A1 EP 3239397A1 EP 17168108 A EP17168108 A EP 17168108A EP 3239397 A1 EP3239397 A1 EP 3239397A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibrous web
- unit
- impregnating
- impregnation
- impregnating agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001046 Nanocellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/09—Sulfur-containing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/64—Alkaline compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/66—Salts, e.g. alums
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/32—Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with an excess of material, e.g. from a reservoir or in a manner necessitating removal of applied excess material from the paper
- D21H23/34—Knife or blade type coaters
- D21H23/38—Knife or blade type coaters the fluid material being applied with a special device, e.g. with a roll in a flooded-nip inverted blade coater
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/50—Spraying or projecting
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/52—Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with a device carrying the material
- D21H23/56—Rolls
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/06—Vegetable or imitation parchment; Glassine paper
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of flat pulp products such as finished papers. These are the starting products for packaging of goods, in particular of food or cosmetics, at least of sensitive goods.
- the packaging has a protective function. It protects the contents against outside influences, for example against dirt, bacteria, decomposition by light, penetration of moisture.
- the packaging must also be such that it does not itself adversely affect its contents. This may be the case with any type of plastic, for example, whether in the form of plastic film or in the form of coatings on a substrate such as paper or cardboard.
- the packaging should maintain the consistency of the contents, for example, avoid the escape of moisture in aqueous or gaseous or vaporous form.
- packaging must be environmentally friendly. It must be disposed of inexpensively and in a harmless manner. Finally, it must be inexpensive to produce.
- WO 2008/084 139 A1 describes a method for producing packaging material with improved strength and barrier properties for food. This involves treating a fibrous web with a liquid that dissolves cellulose. These are aqueous solutions of alkalis, acids and their salts.
- DE 502 129 A describes the application of liquids on fibrous webs in dipping baths or in nips or through nozzles.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and a system with which the above problems are solved, that is with what packaging materials can be produced that meet the aforementioned protective function with respect to the content, and which are inexpensive in every respect.
- the end product should have a high strength and at the same time be pore-free and leak-tight, so that it offers the longest possible protection for the goods to be packaged.
- the fibers or cellulose-containing material are dissolved, but not dissolved.
- the term "fibers” in the context of the invention generally refers to cellulose-containing material, since it does not necessarily have fiber structure. If fibers are mentioned here, this also means microfibrillated or nanocrystalline cellulose. When dissolved, a certain amount of dissolved cellulose is formed. This quantum fills in the spaces between adjacent fibers. The pores in the finished pulp product disappear with it.
- This process is perfected by the pressing according to the invention. The pressing must take place shortly before or during or shortly after impregnation. It takes place best during the impregnation, that is, during the presence of impregnating agent. It is crucial that the pressing increases the wet strength of the product.
- the period of impregnation plays a role. If the impregnation time is too low, the amount of cellulose that has gone into solution is insufficient to completely fill the spaces between adjacent fibers. This is disadvantageous in various uses of the final product, e.g. when used as packaging material. Other uses are conceivable, for example as a building material. If the impregnation time is too long, a closed film of dissolved cellulose is formed. This leads to a cellulose film or a cellulose film as the end product. The final product has a certain brittleness.
- the impregnating agent can always dissolve or dissolve only a limited amount of cellulose. If a larger amount of impregnating agent is allowed to act on the web of cellulosic fibers for a long time, for example several days, the said cellulose film is formed.
- the long impregnation period also means a long duration of the production process. The product properties do not get better by such a process, but rather worse.
- known system comprises a roller frame 1. It can be seen three roles, which are mounted vertically one above the other. They each carry an untreated fibrous web. They are freely rotatable so that the individual fibrous web can be unrolled in the direction of the arrow.
- roller frame 1 is followed by a trough 2 for receiving an impregnating bath. It can be seen deflecting rollers over which the three fibrous webs are led out on their way from the roller frame 1 to the tub 2 and 2 from the tub.
- the untreated fibrous webs contain cellulose or hemicellulose of any kind, produced from any plants.
- the individual web can consist of pure cellulose, but also of mixtures or of materials such as groundwood, which contains, inter alia, cellulose and lignin. They may also be regenerated cellulose filaments, films, woven fabrics, nonwovens, composite fibers, or functional materials of protein / cellulose, chitin / cellulose, konjacglucomannan / cellulose, nano-crystallized particles / cellulose, etc.
- known plant may be part of a paper machine, optionally in a modified form namely the drying section of a paper machine.
- the dryer section comprises a plurality of cylinders of a dryer section of a paper machine.
- the drying cylinders are in turn wrapped by a fibrous web 3, such that they form a kind of meander.
- the drying cylinders are flowed through by superheated steam, so that the lateral surfaces of the cylinders assume a high temperature and the moist fibrous web is heated when the cylinders are wrapped around it and thus dried.
- known plant again represents a combination of parts of a paper machine and a plant for impregnating a fibrous web.
- a fibrous web is brought to a felt, which was previously produced in the usual way, by means of a so-called headbox and one subsequent wire section.
- the fibrous web is passed through a first press 4, between felt webs 4.1 and 4.2.
- the fibrous web is then delivered to an impregnating station, which in turn comprises an impregnating trough 2.
- a felt loop 2.1 serves to remove the fibrous web from the first press 4, to pass through the impregnating bath and to transfer to a felt web 40.1 of a second pressing station 40.
- a partial dissolution (dissolution) of the cellulose takes place in the case of the substances mentioned here. It is a plasticizing process.
- the temperature of the impregnation process is between minus 0 and minus 20 ° C. Also, a range between these two values is conceivable, for example between minus 2 and minus 18 ° C, or minus 10 and minus 15 ° C or any other intermediate value.
- the application of the cold solution to the fibrous web leads to a rapid dissolution of the pulp.
- the dissolved cellulose fills and closes spaces between the particles of the fibrous web, that is, between adjacent fibers. The process significantly increases the tensile strength of the fibrous web and its extensibility.
- the first four cylinders 6.1 - 6.4 can be connected to a coolant so that the fibrous web is not heated but cooled.
- the system also has a trough 2 for receiving an impregnating bath.
- a press 4 formed of two parallel juxtaposed press rollers, which form a press nip with each other.
- the press rolls are thus in the impregnating bath.
- the increased tensile stress is generated in that a roller looped around by the fibrous web has a higher rotational speed than an upstream roller, which is likewise looped around by the fibrous web.
- the speed difference may e.g. between 0.1 and 3%.
- washing station 5 Furthermore, a washing station 5 can be seen.
- the downstream three cylinders 6.5, 6.6, 6.7 are steam-heated, just like in normal operation of a paper machine.
- the cylinders are normal drying cylinders that can be switched on and off or cooled.
- the plant operates as follows: First, the fibrous web 3 passes through the cooling section, formed from the four cooled cylinders 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4. Not all four have to be cooled. Rather, it may also be sufficient to cool only one, two or three of these, in any case, those rollers should be cooled, to which the impregnating agent is applied. Then, the fibrous web runs into the trough 2 (impregnation station), and in this case through the nip of the press 4. It is thereby impregnated by impregnating agent, which is located in the tub 2, and at the same time pressed.
- the washing station 5 contains water or another neutralizing agent. Here again a neutralization of the fibrous web 3 takes place. In the last three cylinders 6.5, 6.6 and 6.7, the impregnated fibrous web 3 is dried.
- the impregnating bath has the great advantage that the fibrous web to be treated is impregnated completely with impregnating agent.
- a disadvantage of the impregnating bath is that due to the relatively large mass of the bath, the cooling capacity must be quite considerable. It is very energy consuming.
- FIG. 4 A first alternative is in FIG. 4 shown.
- a paper machine comprising a first unit 1 for providing a fibrous web.
- the unit 1 comprises a headbox 1.1. This has - seen perpendicular to the plane - an extension equal to the width of the fibrous web to be produced.
- the headbox injects a suspension of fibers into a gap between two mesh loops 1.2 and 1.3.
- the fibrous web is dewatered between these two wire loops and passed through two press rolls at the upper end of the unit 1.
- the fibrous web thus formed is still very moist. It is sent to a pressing station 4 with two Press rollers 4.1 and 4.2 delivered, again led by felting two felt loops.
- the fibrous web then passes to a dryer section 6 analogous to that according to FIG. 2 , with five drying cylinders 5.1 to 5.5.
- the decisive treatment according to the invention takes place through a first nozzle unit 20.
- the nozzle unit comprises a plurality of nozzles which extend across the width of the fibrous web to be treated - perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
- an impregnating agent is applied by being sprayed directly onto the fibrous web.
- the impregnating agent in turn has the above-cited very low temperatures of between minus 1 ° and minus 20 ° C.
- the impregnating nozzles 20 are followed by neutralizing nozzles 50, which can be designed in the same way as the impregnating nozzles.
- the nozzle principle is much less expensive than the trough principle, because the cooling process is limited only to the cooling of the sprayed impregnating agent, thus a comparatively small amount of impregnating agent. In any case, a sump of impregnant should form. See the FIGS. 5 to 7 ,
- FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 are each provided two rollers, which are arranged parallel to each other and together form a gap.
- the two rollers are in the same horizontal plane, so that the fibrous web 3 runs vertically from top to bottom or from bottom to top through the gap.
- the two rollers in different horizontal planes, so that the fibrous web runs at an angle to the horizontal.
- the gap may be a press nip, so the passed-through fibrous web 3 is simultaneously subjected to a squeezing or pressing process.
- an impregnating agent In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 is placed in the nip on both sides of the fibrous web 3, an impregnating agent. This is absorbed by the fibrous web 3 by the fiber web soaks it. The amount of impregnating agent in the gap must be continuously refilled, which is done by a feed unit, not shown.
- the fibrous web is thus according to the embodiment according to FIG. 5 impregnated on both sides with impregnating agent.
- the two rollers are again arranged such that the fibrous web 3 extends at a certain inclination against the horizontal (and at the same time against the vertical) through the nip.
- impregnating agent is applied to the lateral surface of each roller. See the two impregnation nozzles 2.1, which extend over the entire length of each roller.
- the applied layer of the impregnating agent is transported to the nip during circulation of the rolls and applied there to both sides of the fibrous web 3.
- the amount of impregnating agent can be particularly sparingly and accurately metered applied to the fibrous web 3.
- the application nozzles 2.1 and thus also the impregnating agent can be cooled.
- a fibrous web 3 is passed through the nip.
- Each roller is associated with a spray nozzle 2.1.
- This can also be a slot nozzle. It may comprise a tube which is parallel to the roll axes and has a slot which extends over the working width of the roll and supplies impregnating agent to the shell surface of the roll.
- a fibrous web to be impregnated can be produced according to the invention in any way, for example by the so-called foaming process.
- a foam of water and cellulose-containing materials is placed in a paper machine on the rotating screen belt.
- the remaining process steps or features are designed as indicated in this document.
- a plant in which cellulose fibers are assumed to be foam-like, thus has the features as specified in the claims, in particular an impregnating unit, a cooling unit, optionally a drying unit and a neutralization unit.
- the impregnating agent itself can be cooled or heated.
- the involved mechanical engineering elements can be set in a corresponding temperature, for example when using a roller press the rollers.
- the entire impregnation unit may be enclosed by a housing that either cools or heats.
- the impregnating agent can be recycled. This applies, for example, to the impregnation unit with a dip tank. It also applies to those impregnating units used in the FIGS. 5 to 7 are shown, with two rollers forming a nip with each other.
- the impregnating agent Over the course of the operating life there is always a loss of impregnating agent. Thus, a substantial proportion of the impregnating agent is absorbed by the fibrous web. Another part evaporates. In the impregnating units according to the FIGS. 5 to 7 Another part of the impregnating agent is taken along at the exit from the nip of the fibrous web. This portion can be collected in a tub and returned to the entry of the nip. In such a recycling process (circulation circuit), the impregnating agent is enriched with dissolved cellulose over a certain period of operation. The degree of enrichment can be measured. On the basis of the measurement result, the composition of the impregnating agent or its throughput (amount per unit time) can be regulated.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines flächigen imprägnierten Faserstoffproduktes, umfassend die folgenden Verfahrensschritte: - Bereitstellen einer Faserstoffbahn, hergestellt aus einer Suspension, die eine Flüssigkeit sowie Cellulose enthält; - Imprägnieren der Faserstoffbahn mit einem celluloselösenden Imprägniermittel bei einer das Lösen fördernden Temperatur, die bei einem basischen Imprägniermittel wie Harnstoff, Thioharnstoff, NaOH von minus 5 bis minus 18° C liegt; - vor, während oder nach dem Imprägnieren wird die Faserstoffbahn einer Pressung unterworfen.The invention relates to a method for producing a sheet-like impregnated pulp product, comprising the following method steps: - Providing a fibrous web made of a suspension containing a liquid and cellulose; - Impregnating the fibrous web with a cellulose-dissolving impregnating agent at a dissolving-promoting temperature, which is at a basic impregnating agent such as urea, thiourea, NaOH from minus 5 to minus 18 ° C; - Before, during or after impregnation, the fibrous web is subjected to a pressure.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft das Gebiet flächiger Faserstoffprodukte wie veredelter Papiere. Diese sind Ausgangsprodukt für Verpackungen von Waren, insbesondere von Lebensmitteln oder Kosmetika, jedenfalls von empfindlichen Gütern.The invention relates to the field of flat pulp products such as finished papers. These are the starting products for packaging of goods, in particular of food or cosmetics, at least of sensitive goods.
Papier und Karton sind bis heute die Basis solcher Verpackungen.Paper and cardboard are still the basis of such packaging today.
Die Verpackung hat eine Schutzfunktion. Sie schützt den Inhalt gegen Einflüsse von außen, so zum Beispiel gegen Schmutz, Bakterien, Zersetzung durch Licht, Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit. Die Verpackung muss ferner derart beschaffen sein, dass von ihr selbst keine nachteiligen Wirkungen auf ihren Inhalt ausgehen. Dies kann beispielsweise bei jeglicher Art von Plastik der Fall sein, sei es in Gestalt von Plastikfolie oder in Gestalt von Beschichtungen auf einem Substrat wie Papier oder Karton. Auch soll die Verpackung die Konsistenz des Inhaltes erhalten, zum Beispiel das Austreten von Feuchtigkeit in wässriger oder gas- oder dampfförmiger Form vermeiden.The packaging has a protective function. It protects the contents against outside influences, for example against dirt, bacteria, decomposition by light, penetration of moisture. The packaging must also be such that it does not itself adversely affect its contents. This may be the case with any type of plastic, for example, whether in the form of plastic film or in the form of coatings on a substrate such as paper or cardboard. Also, the packaging should maintain the consistency of the contents, for example, avoid the escape of moisture in aqueous or gaseous or vaporous form.
Ein weiteres wichtiges Thema bei der Verpackung sind Gesichtspunkte der Umwelt. Die Verpackung muss umweltfreundlich sein. Sie muss sich kostengünstig und auf unschädliche Weise entsorgen lassen. Schließlich muss sie kostengünstig herstellbar sein.Another important issue in packaging is environmental considerations. The packaging must be environmentally friendly. It must be disposed of inexpensively and in a harmless manner. Finally, it must be inexpensive to produce.
Im Jahre 2013 betrug in Europa der Gesamtverbrauch an Verpackungen mit einer Plastik-Komponente 600 000 t. Man ist bestrebt, einen möglichst großen Anteil dieser Menge zu ersetzen durch Verpackungen aus natürlichen Rohstoffen, die auf umweltfreundliche Weise herstellbar und biologisch abbaubar sind. Die Verbreitung solcher "grüner" Rohstoffe wird umso schneller durchsetzbar sein, je geringer deren Preis ist, und zwar wohlgemerkt für die Herstellung selbst als auch für die Entsorgung.In 2013, the total consumption of plastic packaging in Europe was 600 000 t. The aim is to replace the largest possible proportion of this amount by packaging made of natural raw materials, which are produced in an environmentally friendly manner and biodegradable. The distribution of such "green" raw materials will be the faster enforceable, the lower their price is, and mind you for the production itself as well as for disposal.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie eine Anlage anzugeben, mit welcher die genannten Probleme gelöst werden, das heißt womit Verpackungsmaterialen herstellbar sind, die die eingangs genannte Schutzfunktion bezüglich des Inhaltes erfüllen, und die in jeder Beziehung kostengünstig sind. Das Endprodukt soll eine hohe Festigkeit haben und gleichzeitig porenfrei und dicht sein, sodass es für das zu verpackende Gut einen möglichst lang dauernden Schutz bietet.The invention has for its object to provide a method and a system with which the above problems are solved, that is with what packaging materials can be produced that meet the aforementioned protective function with respect to the content, and which are inexpensive in every respect. The end product should have a high strength and at the same time be pore-free and leak-tight, so that it offers the longest possible protection for the goods to be packaged.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren beziehungsweise mit einer Anlage gemäß der selbständigen Ansprüche gelöst.This object is achieved by a method or with a system according to the independent claims.
Die Erfinder sind von folgenden Fakten ausgegangen:
- Ein auf einer Papiermaschine erzeugtes Papierblatt weist Poren auf, die zwischen den einzelnen Fasern verbleiben. Die Poren können dadurch verschlossen werden, dass der Papierstoffsuspension Füllstoffe zugegeben werden. Damit werden Zwischenräume zwischen einander benachbarten Fasern verschlossen. Der Füllstoff ist jedoch nicht gleichmäßig im Faserstoffblatt verteilt. Vielmehr kommt es zu lokalen Anhäufungen, aber auch zu Bereichen, in denen wenig oder zumindest zu wenig Füllstoff vorhanden ist. Ist zu viel Füllstoff vorhanden, so bedeutet dies eine Verschwendung an dem verhältnismäßig teuren Füllstoff, und ist zu wenig Füllstoff vorhanden, so sind die Poren zwischen den Cellulosefasern offen, was dazu führt, dass das Endprodukt keinen perfekten Schutz des verpackten Gutes bietet.
- A paper sheet produced on a paper machine has pores remaining between the individual fibers. The pores can be closed by adding fillers to the paper stock suspension. This closes spaces between adjacent fibers. However, the filler is not evenly distributed in the fibrous sheet. Rather, it comes to local clusters, but also to areas where little or at least too little filler is present. If too much filler is present, it means a waste of the relatively expensive filler, and if there is too little filler, the pores are between the cellulose fibers open, which means that the final product does not provide perfect protection of the packaged goods.
Gemäß der Erfindung werden die Fasern beziehungsweise cellulosehaltiges Material angelöst, nicht aber aufgelöst. Man beachte, dass unter dem Ausdruck "Fasern" im Rahmen der Erfindung ganz allgemein cellulosehaltiges Material verstanden wird, da es nicht unbedingt Faserstruktur aufweist. Wenn hier von Fasern die Rede ist, so ist hierunter auch mikrofibrillierte oder nanokristallene Cellulose zu verstehen. Beim Anlösen entsteht ein gewisses Quantum gelöster Cellulose. Dieses Quantum füllt die Zwischenräume zwischen einander benachbarten Fasern aus. Die Poren im fertigen Faserstoffprodukt verschwinden damit. Dieser Prozess wird durch das erfindungsgemäße Pressen perfektioniert. Das Pressen muss stattfinden kurz vor oder während oder kurz nach dem Imprägnieren. Am besten findet es während des Imprägnierens statt, das heißt während der Anwesenheit von Imprägniermittel. Entscheidend ist, dass das Pressen die Nassfestigkeit des Produktes erhöht.According to the invention, the fibers or cellulose-containing material are dissolved, but not dissolved. It should be noted that the term "fibers" in the context of the invention generally refers to cellulose-containing material, since it does not necessarily have fiber structure. If fibers are mentioned here, this also means microfibrillated or nanocrystalline cellulose. When dissolved, a certain amount of dissolved cellulose is formed. This quantum fills in the spaces between adjacent fibers. The pores in the finished pulp product disappear with it. This process is perfected by the pressing according to the invention. The pressing must take place shortly before or during or shortly after impregnation. It takes place best during the impregnation, that is, during the presence of impregnating agent. It is crucial that the pressing increases the wet strength of the product.
Auch spielt die Zeitspanne des Imprägnierens eine Rolle. Ist die Imprägnierdauer zu gering, so reicht die Menge der in Lösung gegangenen Cellulose nicht aus, um die Zwischenräume zwischen einander benachbarten Fasern vollständig auszufüllen. Dies ist bei verschiedenen Verwendungsarten des Endproduktes nachteilig, z.B. bei Verwendung als Verpackungsmaterial. Andere Verwendungen sind denkbar, zum Beispiel als Baumaterial. Ist die Imprägnierdauer zu lang, so entsteht ein geschlossener Film aus gelöster Cellulose. Dieser führt zu einem Cellulosefilm oder einer Cellulosefolie als Endprodukt. Das Endprodukt weist eine gewisse Brüchigkeit auf.Also, the period of impregnation plays a role. If the impregnation time is too low, the amount of cellulose that has gone into solution is insufficient to completely fill the spaces between adjacent fibers. This is disadvantageous in various uses of the final product, e.g. when used as packaging material. Other uses are conceivable, for example as a building material. If the impregnation time is too long, a closed film of dissolved cellulose is formed. This leads to a cellulose film or a cellulose film as the end product. The final product has a certain brittleness.
Generell gilt folgendes: Das Imprägniermittel kann stets nur eine begrenzte Menge von Cellulose lösen oder anlösen. Lässt man eine größere Menge von Imprägniermittel eine lange Zeit auf die Bahn aus Cellulosefasern einwirken, beispielsweise mehrere Tage, so entsteht der genannte Cellulosefilm. Die lange Imprägnierdauer bedeutet außerdem eine lange Dauer des Produktionsprozesses. Die Produkteigenschaften werden durch einen solchen Prozess nicht besser, sondern eher schlechter.In general, the following applies: The impregnating agent can always dissolve or dissolve only a limited amount of cellulose. If a larger amount of impregnating agent is allowed to act on the web of cellulosic fibers for a long time, for example several days, the said cellulose film is formed. The long impregnation period also means a long duration of the production process. The product properties do not get better by such a process, but rather worse.
Die wesentlichen Merkmale der Erfindung lassen sich wie folgt definieren:
- Der Imprägnierprozess findet bei mit Imprägniermittel durchtränkter oder benetzter Faserstoffbahn statt, am besten in tauchendem Zustand;
- Beim Imprägnierprozess wird die Faserstoffbahn gepresst, am besten in tauchendem Zustand;
- Der Imprägnierprozess ist auf eine Höchstdauer beschränkt;
- Der Imprägnierprozess wird bei einer bestimmten Temperatur durchgeführt, bei Verwendung von Harnstoff oder Thioharnstoff oder NaOH oder deren Metallsalzen in der Kälte, und zwar zwischen -5 bis -18° C.
- The impregnation process takes place in impregnated or impregnated fiber web, preferably in a submerged condition;
- In the impregnation process, the fibrous web is pressed, preferably in a submersed state;
- The impregnation process is limited to a maximum duration;
- The impregnation process is carried out at a certain temperature, when using urea or thiourea or NaOH or their metal salts in the cold, between -5 to -18 ° C.
Der Stand der Technik sowie die Erfindung sind anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin ist im Einzelnen Folgendes dargestellt:
- Figur 1
- zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Anlage gemäß dem Stande der Technik zum Herstellen eines Faserproduktes.
Figur 2- zeigt in Seitenansicht eine Papiermaschine gemäß dem Stand der Technik.
Figur 3- zeigt in Seitenansicht eine Papiermaschine mit einem Imprägniereinheit und mit Neutralisationsdüsen gemäß dem Stand der Technik.
Figur 4- zeigt in Seitenansicht einen Ausschnitt aus einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage mit einem Imprägnierbad und einem Waschbad.
Figur 5- veranschaulicht ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Prinzip des Imprägnierens einer Faserstoffbahn, umfassend zwei zueinander parallele Walzen, die einen Walzenspalt miteinander bilden.
Figur 6- zeigt eine Einrichtung gemäß der Erfindung, ähnlich jener gemäß
Fig. 5 , jedoch zur einseitigen Beschichtung. - Figur 7
- zeigt wiederum eine Walzenpresse, durch deren Walzenspalt eine Faserstoffbahn hindurchgeführt wird. Es wird Imprägniermittel auf beide Seiten der Faserstoffbahn aufgebracht, und zwar durch Sprühdüsen. Die Sprühdüsen können aus einem einzigen Schlitz gebildet sein, somit eine Schlitzdüse darstellen.
- FIG. 1
- shows a perspective view of a plant according to the prior art for producing a fiber product.
- FIG. 2
- shows a side view of a paper machine according to the prior art.
- FIG. 3
- shows in side view a paper machine with an impregnating unit and with neutralization nozzles according to the prior art.
- FIG. 4
- shows a side view of a section of a plant according to the invention with an impregnating bath and a washing bath.
- FIG. 5
- illustrates another inventive principle of impregnating a fibrous web, comprising two parallel rollers forming a nip with each other.
- FIG. 6
- shows a device according to the invention, similar to that according to
Fig. 5 , but for one-sided coating. - FIG. 7
- again shows a roller press, through the nip of a fibrous web is passed. Impregnating agent is applied to both sides of the fibrous web by means of spray nozzles. The spray nozzles can be formed from a single slot, thus representing a slot nozzle.
Die in
Dem Rollengestell 1 ist eine Wanne 2 zur Aufnahme eines Imprägnierbades nachgeschaltet. Man erkennt Umlenkwalzen, über die die drei Faserstoffbahnen auf ihrem Wege vom Rollengestell 1 zur Wanne 2 und aus der Wanne 2 herausgeführt sind.The roller frame 1 is followed by a
Die unbehandelten Faserstoffbahnen enthalten Cellulose oder Hemicellulose beliebiger Art, erzeugt aus jeglichen Pflanzen. Dabei kann die einzelne Bahn aus reiner Cellulose bestehen, aber auch aus Gemischen oder aus Stoffen wie Holzschliff, der u.a. Cellulose und Lignin enthält. Auch kann es sich um regenerierte Cellulose-Filamente, Filme, Gewebe, Nonwoven-Gebilde, Kompositfasern handeln, oder funktionale Materialien aus Protein/Cellulose, Chitin/Cellulose, Konjacglucomannan/Cellulose, nano-kristallisierte Partikel/Cellulose usw.The untreated fibrous webs contain cellulose or hemicellulose of any kind, produced from any plants. The individual web can consist of pure cellulose, but also of mixtures or of materials such as groundwood, which contains, inter alia, cellulose and lignin. They may also be regenerated cellulose filaments, films, woven fabrics, nonwovens, composite fibers, or functional materials of protein / cellulose, chitin / cellulose, konjacglucomannan / cellulose, nano-crystallized particles / cellulose, etc.
Die in
Auch die in
Die bekannten Anlagen gemäß der
- das Imprägnieren in tauchendem Zustand der Faserstoffbahn;
- das Pressen der Faserstoffbahn während des tauchenden Zustandes;
- das Imprägnieren bei den genannten Temperaturbereichen;
- das Durchführen des Imprägnierprozesses während einer Höchstdauer.
- the impregnation in the dipping state of the fibrous web;
- pressing the fibrous web during the dipping condition;
- the impregnation at said temperature ranges;
- performing the impregnation process for a maximum period.
Die genannten erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale werden angewandt bei den Ausführungen gemäß der
- Verwenden einer Lösung aus Natriumhydroxid oder Harnstoff oder Thioharnstoff, oder einer Kombination aus zwei oder mehreren dieser Stoffe bei Tauchen des Faserstoffes, bei gleichzeitiger Pressung des Faserstoffes, bei Minustemperaturen und während der angegebenen kurzen Imprägnierdauer.
- Using a solution of sodium hydroxide or urea or thiourea, or a combination of two or more of these substances on immersion of the pulp, while pressing the pulp, at minus temperatures and during the specified short impregnation period.
Die bekannten Anlagen gemäß der
Die Gewichtsanteile der genannten Stoffe am Gesamtgewicht der wässrigen Lösung liegen in den folgenden Bereichen:
Natriumhydroxid zwischen 3 und 18 %,besser 5 und 15 %, oder ein Bereich dazwischen.- Der Anteil an Thioharnstoff
oder Harnstoff zwischen 2 und 12% oder besser 3 und 10 % oder einem dazwischen liegenden Bereich.
- Sodium hydroxide between 3 and 18%, better 5 and 15%, or a range in between.
- The proportion of thiourea or urea between 2 and 12% or better 3 and 10% or an intermediate range.
Im Imprägnierbad findet bei den hier genannten Stoffen ein teilweises Lösen (Anlösen) der Cellulose statt. Es handelt sich um einen Plastifizierprozess. Die Temperatur des Imprägnierprozesses liegt zwischen minus 0 und minus 20° C. Auch ist ein Bereich zwischen diesen beiden Werten denkbar, zum Beispiel zwischen minus 2 und minus 18° C, oder minus 10 und minus 15° C oder jeder andere dazwischen liegende Wert. Das Aufbringen der kalten Lösung auf die Faserstoffbahn führt zu einem raschen Anlösen des Faserstoffes. Die angelöste Cellulose füllt Zwischenräume zwischen den Partikeln der Faserstoffbahn, das heißt zwischen einander benachbarten Fasern, aus und schließt diese. Der Prozess steigert die Zugfestigkeit der Faserstoffbahn sowie deren Dehnbarkeit erheblich.In the impregnating bath, a partial dissolution (dissolution) of the cellulose takes place in the case of the substances mentioned here. It is a plasticizing process. The temperature of the impregnation process is between minus 0 and minus 20 ° C. Also, a range between these two values is conceivable, for example between
Das Ergebnis des Plastifizierens der Faserstoffbahn 3 in den Anlagen gemäß den
- Die Temperatur des Imprägnierbades, so wie oben erwähnt, ist wichtig.
- Die Zusammensetzung des Bades spielt eine entscheidende Rolle.
- Die Verweilzeit der Faserstoffbahn im Imprägnierbad ist von großer Bedeutung. Sie kann bis zu 60 s betragen. Es ist wünschenswert, die in das Imprägnierbad einlaufende, unbehandelte Faserstoffbahn total zu durchtränken, sodass sie mit Imprägnierflüssigkeit gesättigt ist. Ist dies der Fall, so kann die Verweildauer dramatisch reduziert werden auf ganz wenige Sekunden. So kommen
zwischen 3 und 7 s Verweildauer in Betracht. Im Extremfall kann die Verweildauer noch unter dem genannten Bereich liegen. Im Extremfall kann sie unter 1 s liegen. Die Kürze der Verweildauer hat den weiteren Vorteil, dass dieFaserstoffbahn 3 mit hoher Geschwindigkeit die Anlage durchlaufen kann, und dass somit die Mengenleistung der Anlage in [t/24 h] relativ hoch, und damit die Herstellungskosten gering sind. - Die Zugspannung, die auf die
Faserstoffbahn 3 vor oder während oder nach dem Imprägnierprozess einwirkt. Die Zugspannung kann beispielweise wie folgt beeinflusst werden: InWanne 2 sind die drei Einzelbahnen um Umlenkwalzen herumgeführt, und zwar jede Einzelbahn um zwei im Bad befindliche Umlenkwalzen. Durch Verändern der Position einer oder zweier Umlenkwalzen lässt sich die Zugspannung in der Faserstoffbahn verändern. - Auch der Trockengehalt der Faserstoffbahn 3 beim Einlaufen in die Imprägnierstation kann von Bedeutung sein. Er wird im Allgemeinen bei 5 - 7 % liegen.
- Die Imprägnierung und sonstige Behandlung kann in einer online-Papiermaschine oder Streichmaschine betrieben werden, aber auch in einer offline-Maschine der genannten Art.
- The temperature of the impregnating bath as mentioned above is important.
- The composition of the bath plays a crucial role.
- The residence time of the fibrous web in the impregnating bath is of great importance. It can be up to 60 s. It is desirable to completely impregnate the untreated fibrous web entering the impregnating bath so that it is saturated with impregnating liquid. If this is the case, the dwell time can be dramatically reduced to just a few seconds. So come between 3 and 7 s residence time into consideration. In extreme cases, the residence time may still be below the stated range. In extreme cases, it can be less than 1 s. The shortness of the residence time has the further advantage that the
fibrous web 3 can pass through the plant at high speed, and thus that the quantity output of the plant in [t / 24 h] is relatively high, and thus the production costs are low. - The tensile stress acting on the
fibrous web 3 before or during or after the impregnation process. The tensile stress can be influenced, for example, as follows: Intrough 2, the three individual webs are guided around guide rollers, namely each individual web around two guide rollers located in the bath. By changing the position of one or two deflection rollers, the tension in the fibrous web can be changed. - The dry content of the
fibrous web 3 when entering the impregnation station can also be important. He will generally be 5-7%. - The impregnation and other treatment can be operated in an online paper machine or coating machine, but also in an offline machine of the type mentioned.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage gemäß
Die Anlage weist weiterhin eine Wanne 2 zum Aufnehmen eines Imprägnierbades auf. In der Wanne befindet sich eine Presse 4, gebildet aus zwei parallel nebeneinander liegenden Presswalzen, die einen Pressspalt miteinander bilden. Die Presswalzen liegen somit im Imprägnierbad. Die erhöhte Zugspannung wird dadurch erzeugt, dass eine von der Faserstoffbahn umschlungene Walze eine höhere Drehzahl hat als eine vorgeschaltete Walze, die ebenfalls von der Faserstoffbahn umschlungen ist. Die Drezahldifferenz kann z.B. zwischen 0,1 und 3% liegen.The system also has a
Man erkennt weiterhin eine Waschstation 5.Furthermore, a
Die nachgeschalteten drei Zylinder 6.5, 6.6, 6.7 sind dampfbeheizt, genau wie beim Normalbetrieb einer Papiermaschine. Die Zylinder sind normale Trockenzylinder, die ein- und ausgeschaltet oder gekühlt werden können.The downstream three cylinders 6.5, 6.6, 6.7 are steam-heated, just like in normal operation of a paper machine. The cylinders are normal drying cylinders that can be switched on and off or cooled.
Die Anlage arbeitet wie folgt: Zunächst durchläuft die Faserstoffbahn 3 die Kühlpartie, gebildet aus den vier gekühlten Zylindern 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4. Es müssen nicht alle vier gekühlt sein. Vielmehr kann es auch ausreichen, nur einen, zwei oder drei hiervon zu kühlen jedenfalls sollten jene Walzen gekühlt sein, auf die das Imprägniermittel aufgetragen wird. Sodann läuft die Faserstoffbahn in die Wanne 2 (Imprägnierstation) ein, und hierbei durch den Walzenspalt der Presse 4. Sie wird dabei von Imprägniermittel, das sich in der Wanne 2 befindet, imprägniert und zugleich gepresst.The plant operates as follows: First, the
Die Waschstation 5 enthält Wasser oder ein anderes Neutralisierungsmittel. Hier findet wiederum eine Neutralisierung der Faserstoffbahn 3 statt. In den drei letzten Zylindern 6.5, 6.6 und 6.7 wird die imprägnierte Faserstoffbahn 3 getrocknet.The
Das Integrieren einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage in eine konventionelle Papiermaschine ist außerordentlich vorteilhaft. Eine existierende Papiermaschine ganz üblichen Baumusters lässt sich leicht umwandeln, sodass sie imprägnierte Faserstoffbahnen erzeugen kann. Dies ist möglich durch geringfügige Umbauten beziehungsweise Anbauten, nämlich einer Imprägnierwanne und einer Neutralisierwanne, sowie durch ein anderes Betreiben der Teile der Papiermaschine, nämlich der Zylinder. Ein Teil der Zylinder kann mit einem Kühlmittel gekühlt werden. Es wird somit in den Zylindern 6.1 - 6.4 eine Vorkühlung erreicht. Eine weitere Abkühlung auf die genannten Temperaturen von bis zu minus 20° C kann durch entsprechendes Kühlen der Imprägnierflüssigkeit erzielt werden.The integration of a system according to the invention into a conventional paper machine is extremely advantageous. An existing paper machine of quite common type can be easily converted so that it can produce impregnated fibrous webs. This is possible by means of minor modifications or additions, namely an impregnating trough and a neutralizing trough, as well as by a different operation of the parts of the paper machine, namely the cylinder. A part of the cylinders can be cooled with a coolant. It is thus achieved in the cylinders 6.1 - 6.4 a pre-cooling. A further cooling to the stated temperatures of up to minus 20 ° C can be achieved by appropriate cooling of the impregnating liquid.
Es versteht sich, dass auch hier eine Kühlung der Faserstoffbahn vorgenommen werden muss, und zwar kurz vor dem Eintritt in das Imprägnierbad, oder während des Durchlaufens durch das Imprägnierbad.It is understood that also here, a cooling of the fibrous web must be made, and shortly before entering the impregnating, or while passing through the impregnating.
Das Imprägnierbad hat den großen Vorteil, dass die zu behandelnde Faserstoffbahn mit Imprägniermittel voll und ganz getränkt wird. Ein Nachteil des Imprägnierbades besteht jedoch darin, dass durch die relativ große Masse des Bades die Kühlleistung ganz erheblich sein muss. Sie ist sehr energieaufwändig.The impregnating bath has the great advantage that the fibrous web to be treated is impregnated completely with impregnating agent. A disadvantage of the impregnating bath, however, is that due to the relatively large mass of the bath, the cooling capacity must be quite considerable. It is very energy consuming.
Es gibt zwei Alternativen, um den Prozess zu verbilligen durch Verringerung des Kühlaufwandes. Eine erste Alternative ist in
Die Faserstoffbahn gelangt sodann zu einer Trockenpartie 6 analog jener gemäß
Die entscheidende erfindungsgemäße Behandlung findet statt durch eine erste Düseneinheit 20. Die Düseneinheit umfasst eine Vielzahl von Düsen, die sich über die Breite der zu behandelnden Faserstoffbahn erstrecken - senkrecht zur Zeichenebene. Hier wird ein Imprägniermittel aufgebracht, indem es unmittelbar auf die Faserstoffbahn aufgespritzt wird. Das Imprägniermittel hat wiederum die oben zitierten sehr tiefen Temperaturen von zwischen minus 1° und minus 20° C.The decisive treatment according to the invention takes place through a first nozzle unit 20. The nozzle unit comprises a plurality of nozzles which extend across the width of the fibrous web to be treated - perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. Here, an impregnating agent is applied by being sprayed directly onto the fibrous web. The impregnating agent in turn has the above-cited very low temperatures of between minus 1 ° and minus 20 ° C.
Auf die Imprägnierdüsen 20 folgen Neutralisierdüsen 50, die in gleicher Weise wie die Imprägnierdüsen gestaltet sein können.The impregnating nozzles 20 are followed by neutralizing nozzles 50, which can be designed in the same way as the impregnating nozzles.
Es wird hiermit derselbe Effekt angestrebt wie mit dem Wannenprinzip. Das Düsenprinzip ist weit weniger aufwändig als das Wannenprinzip, weil sich der Kühlprozess lediglich auf das Kühlen des aufgespritzten Imprägniermittels beschränkt, somit auf eine vergleichsweise geringe Menge an Imprägniermittel. Auf jeden Fall soll sich ein Sumpf aus Imprägniermittel bilden. Siehe die
Was für den Imprägnierprozess gilt, gilt auch für den Neutralisierprozess.What applies to the impregnation process also applies to the neutralization process.
In den
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß
Bei der Walzenpresse gemäß
Es versteht sich, dass auf den Imprägniervorgang ein Neutralisiervorgang folgen muss. Dieser ist hier nicht gezeigt.It is understood that the impregnation process must be followed by a neutralization process. This one is not shown here.
Eine Faserstoffbahn, die imprägniert werden soll, kann gemäß der Erfindung auf jegliche Weise erzeugt werden, beispielsweise nach dem sogenannten Schaumverfahren. Dabei wird in einer Papiermaschine auf deren umlaufendes Siebband ein Schaum aus Wasser und cellulosehaltigen Materialen aufgegeben. Die übrigen Verfahrensschritte beziehungsweise Merkmale sind so gestaltet, wie in dieser Schrift angegeben. Eine Anlage, bei welcher von Cellulosefasern in Schaumform ausgegangen wird, weist somit die Merkmale auf, wie in den Ansprüchen angegeben, insbesondere eine Imprägniereinheit, eine Kühleinheit, gegebenenfalls eine Trockeneinheit und eine Neutralisationseinheit.A fibrous web to be impregnated can be produced according to the invention in any way, for example by the so-called foaming process. In this case, a foam of water and cellulose-containing materials is placed in a paper machine on the rotating screen belt. The remaining process steps or features are designed as indicated in this document. A plant in which cellulose fibers are assumed to be foam-like, thus has the features as specified in the claims, in particular an impregnating unit, a cooling unit, optionally a drying unit and a neutralization unit.
Zum Bilden einer Faserstoffbahn kann aber auch das sogenannte Air-Laid-Verfahren angewandt werden, wobei vorwiegend unter Mitwirkung von Luft kontinuierlich ein Fasergelege erzeugt wird, aus dem eine Faserstoffbahn gebildet wird.For forming a fibrous web but also the so-called air-laid method can be used, wherein mainly with the cooperation of air continuously a fiber fabric is produced, from which a fibrous web is formed.
Es gibt verschiedene Arten, die Temperatur des Imprägnierprozesses einzustellen. Führt man zum Imprägnieren die Faserstoffbahn beispielsweise durch ein Tauchbad, so kann das Imprägniermittel selbst gekühlt oder erwärmt werden. Auch können die beteiligten maschinenbaulichen Elemente in eine entsprechende Temperatur versetzt werden, beispielsweise bei Anwendung einer Walzenpresse die Walzen. Auch kann die gesamte Imprägniereinheit von einem Gehäuse umschlossen sein, das entweder kühlt oder erwärmt.There are several ways to adjust the temperature of the impregnation process. If the fibrous web is impregnated, for example, by an immersion bath, the impregnating agent itself can be cooled or heated. Also, the involved mechanical engineering elements can be set in a corresponding temperature, for example when using a roller press the rollers. Also, the entire impregnation unit may be enclosed by a housing that either cools or heats.
Bei jeglichen Bauarten von Imprägniereinheiten kann das Imprägniermittel im Kreislauf geführt werden. Dies gilt zum Beispiel für die Imprägniereinheit mit einer Tauchwanne. Es gilt auch für jene Imprägniereinheiten, die in den
Im Laufe der Betriebsdauer tritt stets ein Verlust von Imprägniermittel auf. So wird ein wesentlicher Anteil des Imprägniermittels von der Faserstoffbahn aufgenommen. Ein weiterer Teil verdunstet. Bei den Imprägniereinheiten gemäß der
Auch ist es denkbar, für die Faserstoffbahn verschiedene Cellulosesorten zu verwenden, die eine unterschiedliche Löslichkeit aufweisen. Damit lässt sich die Qualität des Endproduktes variieren.It is also conceivable to use different celluloses for the fibrous web, which have a different solubility. This allows the quality of the final product to be varied.
Bei dem Verfahren sowie bei der Anlage gemäß der Erfindung kann eine einzige Faserstoffbahn behandelt werden. Jedoch können auch zwei oder mehrere Bahnen gleichzeitig behandelt werden. Eine solche Mehrzahl von Faserstoffbahnen kann beispielsweise gemeinsam durch ein Tauchbad hindurchgeführt werden, oder gemeinsam durch eine Neutralisationseinheit, oder durch eine Imprägniereinheit mit zwei Walzen, die parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und einen Walzenspalt bilden. Wie beschrieben, kann eine Anlage der beschriebenen Art - Ansprüche 11 bis 15 - mehrere Stationen oder Einheiten umfassen, z.B.
- Eine Blattbildungseinheit (natürlich nicht bei offline-Maschinen)
- Eine Imprägniereinheit
- Eine Presseinheit
- Eine Kühleinheit
- Eine Presse zum abschließenden Pressen der Faserstoffbahn innerhalb oder nach der Imprägniereinheit.
- A sheet forming unit (of course not for offline machines)
- An impregnation unit
- A press unit
- A cooling unit
- A press for the final pressing of the fibrous web inside or after the impregnating unit.
Wird eine Mehrzahl von Faserstoffbahnen verwendet, so können einzelne Faserstoffbahnen nicht sämtliche der genannten Stationen durchlaufen, sondern beispielsweise nur die Imprägniereinheit.If a plurality of fibrous webs are used, then individual fibrous webs can not pass through all of the said stations, but, for example, only the impregnation unit.
Es können auch mehrere der genannten Einheiten oder Stationen vorgesehen werden, die in Reihe geschaltet sind.It is also possible to provide a plurality of said units or stations which are connected in series.
Die einzelnen Verfahrensmerkmale oder Vorrichtungsmerkmale, die in dieser Anmeldung beschrieben sind, lassen sich in beliebiger Weise miteinander kombinieren. Dies gilt für sämtliche Merkmale, die in den Ansprüchen aufgeführt sind, aber auch für jene, die in den Ansprüchen nicht erfasst sind.The individual process features or device features described in this application can be combined in any manner. This applies to all the features listed in the claims, but also to those that are not covered in the claims.
Claims (15)
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PL17168108T PL3239397T3 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2017-04-26 | Method and assembly for producing a flat impregnated fibre product |
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DE102016205954.8A DE102016205954A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Method and plant for producing a flat impregnated pulp product |
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EP3239397B1 EP3239397B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
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EP (1) | EP3239397B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016205954A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3239397T3 (en) |
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CN113403851A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-17 | 安徽钟南人防工程防护设备有限公司 | High-breathability protective clothing and production method thereof |
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WO2022226192A1 (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-10-27 | Westrock Mwv, Llc | Method and system for reducing porosity of a surface of a paperboard substrate |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE502129C (en) | 1928-04-15 | 1930-07-08 | Linke Hofmann Busch Werke Akt | Method and device for parchmenting paper |
US2972220A (en) * | 1955-08-04 | 1961-02-21 | Indian Head Mills Inc | Treatment of fibers |
WO2008084139A1 (en) | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-17 | Ahlstrom Corporation | A method of forming a reinforced parchmented nonwoven product, and the product |
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DE503954C (en) * | 1929-05-25 | 1930-07-31 | Gumal Knopp Dipl Ing | Acid part of a fabric finishing machine, in particular a parchment machine or vulcanized fiber machine |
DE531127C (en) * | 1930-01-22 | 1931-08-07 | Heinrich Nicolaus & Co G M B H | Device for acid or lye treatment, in particular for parchment of paper |
DE902427C (en) * | 1948-10-12 | 1955-04-04 | Dr Otto Eisenhut | Process for the production of strong, washable, fabric-like, felted fabrics from cellulose fibers without spinning and weaving |
BE605701A (en) * | 1960-07-07 | 1962-01-15 | Serlachius Oy | Parchment paper preparation process |
GB1190256A (en) * | 1967-10-12 | 1970-04-29 | Wiggins Teape Res Dev | Method of Preparing Parchmentised Webs |
US6824599B2 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2004-11-30 | The University Of Alabama | Dissolution and processing of cellulose using ionic liquids |
EP2876202A1 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | CEPI aisbl | Use of deep eutectic solvents in the production of paper |
-
2016
- 2016-04-28 DE DE102016205954.8A patent/DE102016205954A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-04-26 EP EP17168108.3A patent/EP3239397B1/en active Active
- 2017-04-26 PL PL17168108T patent/PL3239397T3/en unknown
- 2017-04-26 DK DK17168108.3T patent/DK3239397T3/en active
- 2017-04-26 ES ES17168108T patent/ES2744811T3/en active Active
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE502129C (en) | 1928-04-15 | 1930-07-08 | Linke Hofmann Busch Werke Akt | Method and device for parchmenting paper |
US2972220A (en) * | 1955-08-04 | 1961-02-21 | Indian Head Mills Inc | Treatment of fibers |
WO2008084139A1 (en) | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-17 | Ahlstrom Corporation | A method of forming a reinforced parchmented nonwoven product, and the product |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113403851A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-17 | 安徽钟南人防工程防护设备有限公司 | High-breathability protective clothing and production method thereof |
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DK3239397T3 (en) | 2019-09-23 |
ES2744811T3 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
PT3239397T (en) | 2019-09-26 |
DE102016205954A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
EP3239397B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
PL3239397T3 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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