EP3236041B1 - Kühlsystem eines brennkraftmotors - Google Patents

Kühlsystem eines brennkraftmotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3236041B1
EP3236041B1 EP17167131.6A EP17167131A EP3236041B1 EP 3236041 B1 EP3236041 B1 EP 3236041B1 EP 17167131 A EP17167131 A EP 17167131A EP 3236041 B1 EP3236041 B1 EP 3236041B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
fluid
cooling
heat
engine
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Active
Application number
EP17167131.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3236041A1 (de
Inventor
Stéphane Ruby
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F01P2003/027—Cooling cylinders and cylinder heads in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/146—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling system of a heat engine and a method of operating such a system.
  • the invention also relates to a heat engine comprising such a cooling system and a vehicle including a motor vehicle comprising such a motor.
  • a heat engine usually comprises a cylinder block closed by a cylinder head cover. For proper operation of the engine, these housings must be cooled. To do this, the engine is provided with a cooling system in which a coolant is circulated by means of a feed pump and which, in turn, is cooled through a radiator.
  • the operating temperature of an engine is normally much higher than the outside temperature, especially in cold weather. Any startup of the latter is therefore accompanied by a preheating phase during which the performance is not optimal, especially during which the emissions of pollutants of carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons are much larger than nominal .
  • a motor 100 is known in the state of the art provided with a so-called double cooling cooling system 101, otherwise known as the Anglo-Saxon "split-cooling" system, in which the coolant circulates independently in first and second fluid circuits 104a, 104b respectively of the cylinder housing 103a and the cylinder head housing 103b, the circulation in the first fluid circuit 104a being established once the preheating phase has been completed from an activation a valve 108 arranged at the output of this first circuit 104a.
  • double cooling cooling system 101 otherwise known as the Anglo-Saxon "split-cooling" system, in which the coolant circulates independently in first and second fluid circuits 104a, 104b respectively of the cylinder housing 103a and the cylinder head housing 103b, the circulation in the first fluid circuit 104a being established once the preheating phase has been completed from an activation a valve 108 arranged at the output of this first circuit 104a.
  • Such a system 101 makes it possible to minimize the heating time of the engine 100 or of a part thereof, by accelerating the rise in temperature of the coolant at the start of the vehicle, in order to reduce piston friction. and segments in engine drums 100, fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.
  • the engine 100 generally comprises a cylinder head gasket 105 provided with orifices for the circulation of heat transfer fluid between the first and second circuits 104a, 104b and this, in order to facilitate degassing mechanisms in this system.
  • the presence of such holes in the cylinder head gasket 105 then impedes the proper functioning and effectiveness of the double cooling, since a residual parasitic flow rate 106a of heat transfer fluid is present between these two circuits 104a, 104b.
  • the passage of the heat transfer fluid from the first circuit 104a to the second circuit 104b through these orifices results from a pressure difference of the fluid in the first and second circuits 104a, 104b, and to a thermosiphon effect between the circuits 104a and 104b, because the fluids in these two circuits are at different temperatures.
  • the pressure of the fluid in the first circuit 104a is greater than the pressure of this fluid in the second circuit 104b due to the introduction of fluid by the feed pump 107 at the inlet of this first circuit 104a and the presence of the valve 108 which is closed at the output of this first circuit 104a.
  • the parasitic flow 106a has the consequence that a temperature T2 of the fluid in the first circuit 104a evolves more rapidly than a fluid temperature T3 in the same circuit of a system in which there is no double cooling and more slowly than a temperature T1 of the fluid in a first circuit of a double cooling system in which such a parasitic flow 106a is non-existent. Therefore, the first circuit 104a defined in the cylinder housing 103a therefore no longer operates completely in "zero flow", which reduces the temperature T2 of the cylinder block at the expense of fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.
  • the first circuit 104a defined in the cylinder housing 103a comprises a valve 108 arranged at the inlet of this first circuit 104a and this, after the feed pump 107 of the system 101.
  • this valve 108 at the entrance of the first circuit 104a does not completely eliminate the parasitic flow 106a.
  • this arrangement also generates a parasitic circulation 106b of heat transfer fluid in a loop between these two circuits 104a, 104b in a direction illustrated by the arrow F present on the figure 2 , thus not allowing the cooling system to perform dual cooling operation which is fully effective.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages related to the state of the art.
  • the invention relates to a cooling system according to claim 1.
  • the first regulating element may be a thermostat or a pilot valve.
  • the invention also relates to a method for controlling a cooling system of a combustion engine of a motor vehicle according to claim 3.
  • the invention also relates to a heat engine comprising such a cooling system.
  • the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising this heat engine.
  • the figure 4 is a schematic representation of a cooling system 2 of a heat engine 1 of a motor vehicle.
  • This engine 1 may be a gasoline engine or a diesel engine including supercharged or an engine operating according to a technology called "Flex Fuel” and whose fuel system and carburetion allows it to use indifferently fuels as varied as the gasoline, bioethanol or a mixture of both.
  • the cooling system 2 is implemented in a diesel engine 1 comprising a main circuit 3 provided with components of the engine 1 such as a degassing jar 18, a supercharging module of the engine 1 comprising a turbocharger 20, a heat exchanger 21 such that a heater or a 19 engine oil exchanger better known by the acronym "EMO" to evacuate heat produced at the engine oil sump.
  • a diesel engine 1 comprising a main circuit 3 provided with components of the engine 1 such as a degassing jar 18, a supercharging module of the engine 1 comprising a turbocharger 20, a heat exchanger 21 such that a heater or a 19 engine oil exchanger better known by the acronym "EMO" to evacuate heat produced at the engine oil sump.
  • Such a motor 1 comprises a cylinder casing 6 provided with a plurality of cylinders can be arranged in line. Above the cylinder block 6, along an axis substantially parallel to the vertical axis of the cylinders, is fixed a second housing, said cylinder head cover 5.
  • This cylinder head cover 5 comprises a lower face which is intended to be fixed on an upper face of this cylinder casing 6, which being disposed below this cylinder head housing 5.
  • This cylinder head housing 5 contains in particular the distribution composed mainly of valves and camshafts.
  • This engine 1 also comprises a cylinder head gasket 16 placed between the cylinder head housing 5 and the cylinder casing 6 and in particular between the above-mentioned upper and lower faces.
  • This cooling system 2 may be of the double cooling type, often known as the Anglo-Saxon "split-cooling" mode and in which the coolant circulates independently in a first circuit 7a defined in the cylinder casing 6 and a second circuit 7b included in the cylinder head housing 5, the circulation in the first circuit 7a being established only once a preheating phase of the cylinder block 6 is completed.
  • the main circuit 3 of this cooling system 2 comprises an internal cooling circuit 4 inside the engine 1 which is provided with: a feed pump 9, first and second circuits 7a, 7b of fluid as well as first and second connection areas 8a, 8b.
  • the feed pump 9 is intended to circulate the heat transfer fluid still called cooling fluid in this internal circuit 4 of engine cooling 1.
  • the first and second circuits 7a, 7b are respectively included in the cylinder block 6 and the cylinder head cover 5.
  • These first and second circuits 7a, 7b otherwise called core or chamber of fluid each comprise a hollow space or a recess consisting of circulation channels which is defined in the cylinder block 6 or the cylinder head housing 5 of the engine 1 and in which is intended to circulate this cooling fluid, here water or ethylene glycol with or without adjuvants.
  • the first circuit 7a is substantially isolated from the second fluid circuit 7b, so the cylinder block 6 and the cylinder head housing 5 are cooled separately with a heat transfer fluid which circulates independently in these first and second circuits 7a, 7b .
  • the engine 1 comprises a cylinder head gasket 16 arranged between the cylinder block 6 and the cylinder head housing 5.
  • This cylinder head gasket 16 may comprise orifices made only in a part 14 of this gasket. 16, for circulation of the coolant between the first and second circuits 7a, 7b.
  • Such a cylinder head gasket 16 provided with these orifices contributes to degassing the first circuit 7a defined in the cylinder casing 6.
  • gas bubbles formed in the first circuit 7a must be able to pass from this first circuit 7a towards the second circuit 7b to be discharged out of the internal circuit 4, to the degassing jar 18.
  • Such degassing can take place immediately after the filling of the cooling system 2 in heat transfer fluid, but also during operation of the engine 1 by the creation of bubbles of gas in the coolant under the effect of the thermal generated by the combustion in the first circuit 7a.
  • first and second circuits 7a, 7b each comprise an inlet 10a, 11a through which the coolant is introduced in the flow direction F1 in said circuit and an outlet 10b, 11b through which this fluid is discharged in the direction of circulation F3 .
  • the inputs 10a, 11a of these first and second circuits 7a, 7b are interconnected in the first connection zone 8a of the internal cooling circuit 4.
  • the outputs 10b, 11b of these two circuits 7a, 7b are also interconnected in the second connection zone 8b of this internal cooling circuit 4.
  • the first connection zone 8a is also connected to a fluid inlet duct 12a of the internal circuit 4 connected in particular to an output of a radiator 17 but also to component outputs of the motor 1 mentioned above.
  • This inlet duct 12a comprises the supply pump 9 provided with an outlet connected directly to the first connection zone 8a.
  • the feed pump 9 contributes to circulating the heat transfer fluid that it receives in particular from this radiator 17 and / or the components of the engine 1, in the first and second circuits 7a, 7b via this first zone. connection 8a.
  • the second connection zone 8b is connected to a fluid discharge conduit 12b of the internal circuit 4.
  • This exhaust duct 12b is in particular connected to the inputs of the radiator 17 and the other components of the engine 1 so that the Heat transfer fluid is transmitted to them according to the activation / deactivation of valves 19 and / or thermostats 19 arranged in the main cooling circuit 3.
  • This radiator 17 included in the main circuit 3 constitutes a heat exchanger for cooling the coolant at the outlet of the internal circuit 4 at the exhaust duct 12b. The radiator 17 is then able to return the cooled heat transfer fluid to the internal circuit 4 via the inlet conduit 12a provided with the feed pump 9.
  • the first circuit 7a of the internal circuit 4 comprises first and second regulating elements 15a, 15b of the flow of the fluid. These first and second regulating elements 15a, 15b are respectively arranged at the input 10a and the output 10b of said first circuit 7a. Moreover, these regulation elements 15a, 15b are located between the first and second connection zones. 8a, 8b. More specifically, these first and second elements of regulation 15a, 15b are located in the immediate vicinity respectively of these first and second connection areas 8a, 8b.
  • the first regulation element 15a is defined to allow / prohibit a circulation of the coolant at the inlet 10a of the first circuit 7a as a function of a temperature Tm of said fluid present in the first circuit 7a of said housing.
  • This first regulating element 15a may be a thermostat provided with a temperature sensor immersed in the heat transfer fluid present in this first circuit 7a or watered by this fluid. It may be a temperature sensor included in the body of the thermostat or a remote sensor arranged in this first circuit 7a.
  • This thermostat may for example be a wax thermostat comprising two flaps arranged at both ends of a wax bulb and whose operation is well known in the state of the art.
  • this first regulation element 15a may be a valve controlled for example by a cooling system processing unit 2 which is connected to a temperature sensor located in the first circuit 7a.
  • the second regulating element 15b is defined to allow a circulation of the coolant at the outlet 10b of the first circuit 7a in a single flow direction F2 of said fluid from the first connection zone 8a to the second connection zone 8b of said system 2 or from the input 10a to the output 10b of this first circuit 7a.
  • This second regulating element 15b is a non-return valve.
  • a non-return valve may comprise a hollow cylindrical body enclosing a movable member which here takes the form of a ball, and a spring which constantly urges the ball against a seat.
  • the spring is able to compress under the action of a compressive force exerted by the heat transfer fluid flow on the ball so that the latter moves from an initial rest position where the output 10b of the first circuit 7a is closed. at a position where this output 10b is open and the fluid can then be evacuated from the first circuit 7a. As soon as the fluid no longer exerts such a force, the ball returns to its rest position under the action of a restoring force of the spring.
  • the invention also relates to a method of operating the cooling system 2.
  • This method comprises a step 21 for starting the engine 1.
  • this method provides a step 22 for circulating the heat transfer fluid in the internal circuit 4.
  • the supply pump 9 whose output is connected to the first connection zone 8a is then capable of to supply the fluid supply of the first and second circuits 7a, 7b.
  • the method then comprises a step 23 for controlling the flow rate of the coolant in the first circuit 7a from the first and second fluid flow regulating elements 15a, 15b.
  • a step 23 allows to implement a preheating process of the engine 1 to improve the performance of the latter and thus reduce pollutant emissions and fuel consumption.
  • this step 23 includes a substep prohibition 24 for circulating the coolant in the first circuit 7a by the first and / or the second regulating element 15a, 15b of the flow rate of the fluid when a measured temperature Tm of the fluid present in the first circuit 7a of the cylinder block 6 is substantially lower than a reference temperature Tf.
  • This reference temperature Tf is defined according to the characteristics of the engine 1 and preferably corresponds to a preheating end temperature of the cylinder casing 6.
  • the natural movement of the heat transfer fluid to make a residual parasitic circulation loop is then eliminated due to the arrangement of the first and second regulating elements 15a, 15b respectively at the entrance and the output of this first circuit 7a. More specifically, this arrangement of these regulating elements 15a, 15b limits or eliminates the effects that may result from the fluid pressure difference in the first and second circuits 7a, 7b and / or the difference in fluid temperature in the latter. is likely to be at the origin of a phenomenon called "thermosiphon". Under these conditions, the heat transfer fluid flow rate in the first circuit 7a is then zero. In addition, the feed pump 9 supplies only the second circuit 7b which is defined in the breech housing 5.
  • This step 23 also comprises a sub-step 25 of authorization of circulation of the coolant in the first circuit 7a by the first and second fluid flow control elements 15a, 15b when a measured temperature Tm of the fluid present in the first circuit 7a of the cylinder casing 6 is substantially greater than or equal to the reference temperature Tf.
  • the heat transfer fluid circulated by the feed pump 9 flows in both the first and second circuits 7a, 7b.
  • This heat transfer fluid travels in particular the first circuit 7a through the first and second regulating elements 15a, 15b until being discharged from the internal circuit 4 after passing through the second connection zone 8b.
  • the invention accelerates the rise in temperature of the cylinder block 6 and helps reduce vehicle consumption and pollutant emissions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Kühlsystem (2) eines Verbrennungsmotors (1) eines Kraftfahrzeugs, welches Kammern (7a, 7b) für Kühlflüssigkeit umfasst, die in einem Zylindergehäuse (6) bzw. einem Zylinderkopfgehäuse (5) des Motors (1) angeordnet sind, um einen ersten Kreislauf (15a, 7a, 15b) und einen zweiten Kreislauf (7b) zur Kühlung des Zylindergehäuses bzw. des Zylinderkopfes zu bilden, wobei der erste Kreislauf umfasst:
    - ein erstes Regulierungselement (15a) für die Flüssigkeitsdurchflussmenge, das an einem Eingang (10a) des ersten Kreislaufs (7a) angeordnet ist und dafür ausgelegt ist, eine Zirkulation von Kühlflüssigkeit in Abhängigkeit von einer Temperatur der Kühlflüssigkeit, die in dem ersten Kreislauf zirkuliert, nacheinander zuzulassen und zu verhindern,
    - und ein zweites Regulierungselement (15b), das an einem Ausgang (10b) des ersten Kreislaufs (7a) angeordnet ist,
    wobei das System einen ersten Anschlussbereich (8a), der den Eingang (10a) des ersten Kreislaufs mit einem Eingang (11a) des zweiten Kreislaufs verbindet, und einen zweiten Anschlussbereich (8b), der den Ausgang (10b) des ersten Kreislaufs mit dem Ausgang (11b) des zweiten Kreislaufs verbindet, aufweist, wobei sich das erste und das zweite Regulierungselement (15a, 15b) des ersten Kreislaufs zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Anschlussbereich (8a, 8b) befinden,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Regulierungselement (15b) von einem Rückschlagventil gebildet wird, das eine Zirkulation von Flüssigkeit am Ausgang (10b) des ersten Kreislaufs (7a) in einer einzigen Zirkulationsrichtung (F2) zulässt, die vom ersten Anschlussbereich (8a) zum zweiten Anschlussbereich (8b) des Systems (2) führt.
  2. System (2) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Regulierungselement (15a) ein Thermostat oder auch ein gesteuertes Ventil ist.
  3. Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Kühlsystems (2) eines Verbrennungsmotors (1) eines Kraftfahrzeugs nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verfahren einen Schritt der Steuerung (23) der Durchflussmenge der Kühlflüssigkeit im ersten Kreislauf (15a, 7a, 15b) mithilfe des ersten (15a) und des zweiten (15b) Regulierungselements für die Flüssigkeitsdurchflussmenge umfasst, der die folgenden Teilschritte umfasst:
    - Verhinderung (24) einer Zirkulation der Kühlflüssigkeit im ersten Kreislauf (15a, 7a, 15b) durch das erste Regulierungselement (15a) für die Flüssigkeitsdurchflussmenge, wenn eine gemessene Temperatur (Tm) der Flüssigkeit, die im ersten Kreislauf (15a, 7a, 15b) des Zylindergehäuses (6) vorliegt, deutlich niedriger als eine Referenztemperatur (Tf) ist, und
    - Zulassen (25) einer Zirkulation der Kühlflüssigkeit im ersten Kreislauf (7a) durch das erste (15a) und das zweite (15b) Regulierungselement für die Flüssigkeitsdurchflussmenge, wenn eine gemessene Temperatur (Tm) der Flüssigkeit, die im ersten Kreislauf (15a, 7a, 15b) des Zylindergehäuses (6) vorliegt, deutlich höher als die Referenztemperatur (Tf) oder gleich dieser ist.
  4. Verbrennungsmotor (1), welcher ein Kühlsystem (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2 umfasst.
  5. Kraftfahrzeug, welches einen Verbrennungsmotor (1) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch umfasst.
EP17167131.6A 2016-04-19 2017-04-19 Kühlsystem eines brennkraftmotors Active EP3236041B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1653441A FR3050233B1 (fr) 2016-04-19 2016-04-19 Systeme de refroidissement d'un moteur thermique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3236041A1 EP3236041A1 (de) 2017-10-25
EP3236041B1 true EP3236041B1 (de) 2019-09-11

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EP17167131.6A Active EP3236041B1 (de) 2016-04-19 2017-04-19 Kühlsystem eines brennkraftmotors

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EP (1) EP3236041B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3050233B1 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2848248A1 (fr) * 2002-12-06 2004-06-11 Renault Sa Circuit de refroidissement de moteur a combustion interne
WO2012108225A1 (ja) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 アイシン精機株式会社 車両用冷却装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10032184A1 (de) * 2000-07-01 2002-01-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Kühlen einer Brennkraftmaschine
FR2860833B1 (fr) * 2003-10-08 2007-06-01 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Circuit de refroidissement d'un moteur a combustion interne constitue d'au moins trois passages de refroidissement
FR2856426B1 (fr) * 2004-08-19 2006-06-09 Mark Iv Systemes Moteurs Sa Circuit de refroidissement comportant un organe de regulation du flux
DE102010018624B4 (de) * 2010-04-28 2015-12-17 Audi Ag Kühlmittelkreislauf für eine Brennkraftmaschine
JP5699906B2 (ja) * 2011-10-31 2015-04-15 トヨタ自動車株式会社 エンジンの冷却制御装置
DE102013224005A1 (de) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-28 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Kühlsystem

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2848248A1 (fr) * 2002-12-06 2004-06-11 Renault Sa Circuit de refroidissement de moteur a combustion interne
WO2012108225A1 (ja) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 アイシン精機株式会社 車両用冷却装置

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Publication number Publication date
FR3050233A1 (fr) 2017-10-20
FR3050233B1 (fr) 2019-10-11
EP3236041A1 (de) 2017-10-25

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