EP3234345B1 - Decoupling element for a fuel injection device - Google Patents

Decoupling element for a fuel injection device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3234345B1
EP3234345B1 EP15781373.4A EP15781373A EP3234345B1 EP 3234345 B1 EP3234345 B1 EP 3234345B1 EP 15781373 A EP15781373 A EP 15781373A EP 3234345 B1 EP3234345 B1 EP 3234345B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
decoupling element
fuel injection
receiving bore
injection valve
decoupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP15781373.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3234345A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Scheffel
Wilhelm Reinhardt
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP3234345A1 publication Critical patent/EP3234345A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/026—Means for reducing the pressure in common rails at power off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/04—Means for damping vibrations or pressure fluctuations in injection pump inlets or outlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/09—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/004—Joints; Sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/30—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines
    • F02M69/36—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines having an enrichment mechanism modifying fuel flow to injectors, e.g. by acting on the fuel metering device or on the valves throttling fuel passages to injection nozzles or overflow passages
    • F02M69/38—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines having an enrichment mechanism modifying fuel flow to injectors, e.g. by acting on the fuel metering device or on the valves throttling fuel passages to injection nozzles or overflow passages using fuel pressure, e.g. by varying fuel pressure in the control chambers of the fuel metering device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a decoupling element for a fuel injection device according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injection device known from the prior art in which a flat intermediate element is provided on a fuel injection valve installed in a receiving bore of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.
  • such intermediate elements are deposited as support elements in the form of a washer on a shoulder of the receiving bore of the cylinder head.
  • manufacturing and assembly tolerances are compensated for and a lateral force-free bearing is ensured even when the fuel injector is slightly inclined.
  • the fuel injection device is particularly suitable for use in fuel injection systems of mixed-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • a support body for a fuel injection device for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber.
  • the fuel injection device comprises at least one fuel injection valve and a receiving bore for the fuel injection valve.
  • the support body is inserted between a valve housing of the fuel injection valve and a wall of the receiving bore.
  • the intermediate element is a washer with a circular cross-section, which is arranged in an area in which both the fuel injector and the wall of the mounting hole in the cylinder head run in the shape of a truncated cone, and serves as a compensating element for mounting and supporting the fuel injector.
  • a multilayer intermediate element is also from the EP 1 223 337 A1 known, this intermediate element is composed of several washers, which consist of a damping material.
  • the damping material made of metal, rubber or PTFE is selected and designed in such a way that noise dampening of the vibrations and noises generated by the operation of the fuel injector is made possible.
  • the intermediate element must comprise four to six layers in order to achieve a desired damping effect.
  • the US 6,009,856 A also propose to surround the fuel injector with a sleeve and to fill the resulting space with an elastic, noise-damping compound.
  • this type of noise reduction is very complex, unfriendly to assemble and expensive.
  • the decoupling element according to the invention for a fuel injection device with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that improved noise damping is achieved in a very simple construction.
  • the decoupling element has a non-linear, progressive spring characteristic, which results in several positive and advantageous aspects when installing the decoupling element in a fuel injector with injectors for direct fuel injection.
  • the low stiffness of the decoupling element at the idling point enables the fuel injector to be decoupled effectively from the cylinder head and thus significantly reduces the noise emitted by the cylinder head in the idle mode which is critical for noise.
  • the fuel injector moves as a whole during vehicle operation, thereby ensuring on the one hand the durability of the sealing rings, which serve as a combustion chamber seal and a seal against the fuel rail, and on the other hand a stable spray point of the fuel spray in the combustion chamber, which is important for the Stability of some combustion processes is crucial.
  • the decoupling element is characterized by a low overall height, which means that it can also be used in a small space.
  • the decoupling element also has great fatigue strength even at high temperatures.
  • the decoupling element is very simple and inexpensive to manufacture. The entire suspension of the system consisting of fuel injector and decoupling element can also be easily and quickly assembled or disassembled.
  • guide elements are also provided on the decoupling element, with the lateral guidance of the decoupling element in the receiving bore of the cylinder head increasing the rigidity in the case of contact at high loads.
  • This special external guidance in the cylinder head with very little play optimally shapes the tolerance situation. If the fuel injector is in operation under load e.g. Tilting more than usual due to temperature-related expansions is possible because the decoupling element cannot move in the radial direction relative to the cylinder head.
  • a valve in the form of an injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixed-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines is shown in a side view.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is part of the fuel injection device.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 which is designed in the form of a direct injection fuel injector for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber 25 of the internal combustion engine, is installed in a receiving bore 20 of a cylinder head 9.
  • a sealing ring 2, in particular made of Teflon TM, ensures an optimal seal of the fuel injection valve 1 with respect to the wall of the receiving bore 20 of the cylinder head 9.
  • a flat intermediate element 24 which is designed as a support element in the form of a washer, is inserted between a shoulder 21 of a valve housing 22 and a shoulder 23 of the receiving bore 20, for example, extending at right angles to the longitudinal extent of the receiving bore 20.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has at its inlet end 3 a plug connection to a fuel rail 4, which is sealed by a sealing ring 5 between a connection piece 6 of the fuel rail 4, which is shown in section, and an inlet pipe 7 of the fuel injector 1.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is inserted into a receiving opening 12 of the connecting piece 6 of the fuel distributor line 4.
  • the connecting piece 6 goes e.g. in one piece from the actual fuel distribution line 4 and upstream of the receiving opening 12 has a smaller-diameter flow opening 15, through which the flow to the fuel injection valve 1 takes place.
  • the fuel injector 1 has an electrical connector 8 for the electrical contact for actuating the fuel injector 1.
  • a hold-down device 10 is provided between the fuel injection valve 1 and the connecting piece 6.
  • the hold-down device 10 is designed as a bow-shaped component, e.g. as a stamped and bent part.
  • the hold-down device 10 has a partially ring-shaped base element 11, from which a hold-down bracket 13 extends, which bears against a downstream end face 14 of the connecting piece 6 on the fuel distributor line 4 in the installed state.
  • the object of the invention is, compared to the known intermediate element solutions, on the one hand to achieve improved noise damping in a simple manner, above all in noise-critical idling operation, by means of a targeted design and geometry of the intermediate element 24, and on the other hand to easily and inexpensively compensate for tolerances that cause tilting of the fuel injector by up to 1 °, and to enable a shear-free operation under the influence of temperature.
  • the decisive source of noise of the fuel injection valve 1 in direct high-pressure injection are the forces (structure-borne noise) introduced into the cylinder head 9 during valve operation, which lead to a structural excitation of the cylinder head 9 and are emitted by the latter as airborne noise.
  • the forces introduced into the cylinder head 9 should therefore be minimized. In addition to reducing the forces caused by the injection, this can be achieved by influencing the transmission behavior between the fuel injection valve 1 and the cylinder head 9.
  • the mounting of the fuel injection valve 1 on the passive intermediate element 24 in the receiving bore 20 of the cylinder head 9 can be represented as a conventional spring-mass damper system, as shown in FIG Figure 2 is shown.
  • the mass M of the cylinder head 9 can be assumed to be infinitely large compared to the mass m of the fuel injector 1.
  • the transmission behavior of such a system is characterized by an amplification at low frequencies in the range of the resonance frequency f R and an isolation range above the decoupling frequency f E (see Figure 3 ).
  • the aim of the invention is the design of an intermediate element 24 with the primary use of elastic insulation (decoupling) for noise reduction, in particular when the vehicle is idling.
  • the invention encompasses on the one hand the definition and design of a suitable spring characteristic taking into account the typical requirements and boundary conditions for direct fuel injection with variable operating pressure and on the other hand the design of an intermediate element 24 which is capable of mapping and using the characteristics of the spring characteristic thus defined a choice of simple geometric parameters can be adapted to the specific boundary conditions of the injection system.
  • the decoupling element 25 In order to be able to implement the noise-decoupling measures under typical boundary conditions of direct fuel injection (small installation space, large forces, low total axial movement of the fuel injection valve 1) in a simple and inexpensive manner, the decoupling element 25 according to the invention, with its cushion-like cross-section, is also designed such that its annular shape a lower, for example largely flat end face 26 is provided, which on a shoulder 23 of the Receiving bore 20 rests in the cylinder head 9, and an upper end face 27 is provided, which extends conically from the radially outside to the radially inside and has contact with a spherically curved or conical or conical shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the upper end face 27 of the decoupling element 25 can also have a spherical bulge, in which case there is a very large radius in the contact area.
  • FIG 4 is a cross section through a decoupling element 25 according to the invention in an installation situation on a fuel injector 1 in the area of the in Figure 1 shown disc-shaped intermediate element 24, wherein the intermediate element 24 is replaced by the decoupling element 25 according to the invention.
  • the decoupling element 25 has on its upper side the conical or conical front face 27, which in the installed state corresponds to the spherical or spherical, convexly curved or conical shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 is formed on a radially outwardly projecting shoulder 28, which already ensures a certain chambering of the decoupling element 25 between itself and the shoulder 23 of the receiving bore 20.
  • the shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 does not have to be spherically arched throughout; such a shape is sufficient in the contact area with the conical end face 27 of the decoupling element 25.
  • the respective transitions of the upper end face 27 and the lower end face 26 to the two inner and outer annular jacket surfaces of the decoupling element 25 can be rounded.
  • the geometry according to the invention with a flat angle or a large radius of curvature on the spherically curved shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 and the conical or tapered end surface 27 of the decoupling element 25, in conjunction with an external guidance of the decoupling element 25, makes it possible, in particular via the illustration in Figure 5 it becomes clear on the wall of the receiving bore 20 in the cylinder head 9 with a relatively large clearance radially inward towards the fuel injector 1 and with a very small clearance radially outward towards the wall of the receiving bore 20 the use of a sprayable plastic element or a cold-formed aluminum element.
  • Such a decoupling element 25 is inexpensive to manufacture and decouples the structure-borne noise in the desired manner.
  • a pivotable or tiltable connection is created for tolerance compensation. If the fuel injection valve 1 and the receiving bore 20 are offset within the scope of the tolerated production fluctuations, the fuel injection valve 1 may be slightly skewed. The pivotable connection between the fuel injection valve 1 and the decoupling element 25 then largely prevents lateral forces when the fuel injection valve 1 is tilted. Cone / cone, cone / ball, ball / cone or ball / ball pairings of valve housing 22 and decoupling element 25 are conceivable according to the invention.
  • An anti-loss device for the decoupling element 25 can be taken over by a locking ring 29 which is arranged below the decoupling element 25 and thereby engages under the decoupling element 25 at a short distance and is fixed to the valve housing 22 of the fuel injection valve 1. In this way it can be ensured that the fuel injection valve 1 can be mounted as a structural unit together with the decoupling element 25 in the receiving bore 20.
  • Figure 5 shows an inventive decoupling element 25 as an individual part in an oblique plan view.
  • the decoupling element 25 can be recognized as a special design feature that at least one guide element 30 protruding radially on the outer circumference, in particular between three and twelve guide elements 30 in the form of nose collars protruding, are provided.
  • This special external guidance of the decoupling element 25 in the receiving bore 20 of the cylinder head 9 with very little play allows the tolerance situation to be optimally designed. If the fuel injection valve 1 tilts more than usual during operation under load, for example due to temperature-related expansions, this is possible because the decoupling element 25 cannot move in the radial direction relative to the cylinder head 9.
  • FIG. 6 shows an optional locking ring 29 as an individual part in an oblique plan view.
  • the locking ring 29 is designed, for example, as a closed ring which has a kinked cross section, an upper, largely flat ring collar 31 being formed all the way round and extending from it a plurality of spreading tabs 32 which are distributed over the circumference and which abut the valve housing 22.
  • the circlip 29 can also be of a different construction and at a different distance from the decoupling element 25 on the outer circumference of the fuel injection valve 1 be arranged.
  • the locking ring 29 can be designed as a compact, solid, continuous plastic ring with different functional areas due to its filigree outer contour.
  • FIG Figures 7 and 8 An alternative decoupling element 25 is shown in FIG Figures 7 and 8 .
  • a collar 38 on the decoupling element 25 which projects over the shoulder 23 of the receiving bore 20 in the direction of the securing ring 29 and is embodied at an angle can ensure even better stabilization of the decoupling element 25 in the event of tilting or enables the very compact design of the securing ring 29, since the decoupling element 25 in Area of the collar 38 is already securely gripped with small radial dimensions of the locking ring 29.
  • an annular guide element 39 can be provided on the outer diameter of the collar 38 with a smaller diameter.
  • the guide element 39 is therefore an outer cylindrical ring region of the collar 38, which corresponds to the wall of the receiving bore 20 in the cylinder head 9 below the shoulder 23 for radial positioning.
  • the radial guide elements 30 with the larger diameter are no longer required. So that the collar 38 with the guide element 39 can be inserted exactly into the receiving bore 20 when the fuel injection valve 1 is mounted with the decoupling element 25, it can be useful that instead of the guide elements 30 several, for example four, pre-centering lugs 30a at the largest diameter of the decoupling element 25 are molded.
  • the securing against loss of the decoupling element 25 can be optimally designed geometrically and functionally via the locking ring 29, since it can be manufactured and assembled inexpensively, requires little installation space and enables a necessary play for slight pivoting.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Entkopplungselement für eine Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a decoupling element for a fuel injection device according to the preamble of the main claim.

In der Figur 1 ist beispielhaft eine aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung gezeigt, bei der an einem in einer Aufnahmebohrung eines Zylinderkopfes einer Brennkraftmaschine eingebauten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ein flaches Zwischenelement vorgesehen ist. In bekannter Weise werden solche Zwischenelemente als Abstützelemente in Form einer Unterlegscheibe auf einer Schulter der Aufnahmebohrung des Zylinderkopfes abgelegt. Mit Hilfe solcher Zwischenelemente werden Fertigungs- und Montagetoleranzen ausgeglichen und eine querkraftfreie Lagerung auch bei leichter Schiefstellung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils sichergestellt. Die Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung eignet sich besonders für den Einsatz in Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen.In the Figure 1 a fuel injection device known from the prior art is shown by way of example, in which a flat intermediate element is provided on a fuel injection valve installed in a receiving bore of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. In a known manner, such intermediate elements are deposited as support elements in the form of a washer on a shoulder of the receiving bore of the cylinder head. With the help of such intermediate elements, manufacturing and assembly tolerances are compensated for and a lateral force-free bearing is ensured even when the fuel injector is slightly inclined. The fuel injection device is particularly suitable for use in fuel injection systems of mixed-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines.

Aus der WO99/00595 A ist ein Stützkörper für eine Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen Brennraum bekannt. Die Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung umfasst dabei wenigstens ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil und eine Aufnahmebohrung für das Brennstoffeinspritzventil. Der Stützkörper ist zwischen einem Ventilgehäuse des Brennstoffeinspritzventils und einer Wandung der Aufnahmebohrung eingebracht.From the WO99 / 00595 A is known a support body for a fuel injection device for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber. The fuel injection device comprises at least one fuel injection valve and a receiving bore for the fuel injection valve. The support body is inserted between a valve housing of the fuel injection valve and a wall of the receiving bore.

Eine andere Art eines einfachen Zwischenelements für eine Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung ist bereits aus der DE 101 08 466 A1 bekannt. Bei dem Zwischenelement handelt es ich um einen Unterlegring mit einem kreisförmigen Querschnitt, der in einem Bereich, in dem sowohl das Brennstoffeinspritzventil als auch die Wandung der Aufnahmebohrung im Zylinderkopf kegelstumpfförmig verlaufen, angeordnet ist und als Ausgleichselement zur Lagerung und Stützung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils dient.Another type of simple intermediate element for a fuel injector is already known from the DE 101 08 466 A1 known. The intermediate element is a washer with a circular cross-section, which is arranged in an area in which both the fuel injector and the wall of the mounting hole in the cylinder head run in the shape of a truncated cone, and serves as a compensating element for mounting and supporting the fuel injector.

Kompliziertere und in der Herstellung deutlich aufwändigere Zwischenelemente für Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtungen sind u.a. auch aus den DE 100 27 662 A1 ,Intermediate elements for fuel injection devices, which are more complicated and much more complex to manufacture, are also known from DE 100 27 662 A1 ,

DE 100 38 763 A1 und EP 1 223 337 A1 bekannt. Diese Zwischenelemente zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass sie allesamt mehrteilig bzw. mehrlagig aufgebaut sind und z.T. Dicht- und Dämpfungsfunktionen übernehmen sollen. Das aus der
DE 100 27 662 A1 bekannte Zwischenelement umfasst einen Grund- und Trägerkörper, in dem ein Dichtmittel eingesetzt ist, das von einem Düsenkörper des Brennstoffeinspritzventils durchgriffen wird. Aus der DE 100 38 763 A1 ist ein mehrlagiges Ausgleichselement bekannt, das sich aus zwei starren Ringen und einem sandwichartig dazwischen angeordneten elastischen Zwischenring zusammensetzt. Dieses Ausgleichselement ermöglicht sowohl ein Verkippen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils zur Achse der Aufnahmebohrung über einen relativ großen Winkelbereich als auch ein radiales Verschieben des Brennstoffeinspritzventils aus der Mittelachse der Aufnahmebohrung. DE 100 38 763 A1 and EP 1 223 337 A1 known. These intermediate elements are characterized by the fact that they are all made up of several parts or several layers, and some of them are supposed to perform sealing and damping functions. That from the
DE 100 27 662 A1 Known intermediate element comprises a base and carrier body, in which a sealant is used, which is penetrated by a nozzle body of the fuel injector. From the DE 100 38 763 A1 a multilayer compensation element is known, which is composed of two rigid rings and an elastic intermediate ring arranged between them in a sandwich-like manner. This compensating element enables both the tilting of the fuel injector to the axis of the receiving bore over a relatively large angular range and also a radial displacement of the fuel injector from the central axis of the receiving bore.

Ein ebenfalls mehrlagiges Zwischenelement ist auch aus der EP 1 223 337 A1 bekannt, wobei dieses Zwischenelement aus mehreren Unterlegscheiben zusammengesetzt ist, die aus einem Dämpfungsmaterial bestehen. Das Dämpfungsmaterial aus Metall, Gummi oder PTFE ist dabei so gewählt und ausgelegt, dass eine Geräuschdämpfung der durch den Betrieb des Brennstoffeinspritzventils erzeugten Vibrationen und Geräusche ermöglicht wird. Das Zwischenelement muss dazu jedoch vier bis sechs Lagen umfassen, um einen gewünschten Dämpfungseffekt zu erzielen.A multilayer intermediate element is also from the EP 1 223 337 A1 known, this intermediate element is composed of several washers, which consist of a damping material. The damping material made of metal, rubber or PTFE is selected and designed in such a way that noise dampening of the vibrations and noises generated by the operation of the fuel injector is made possible. However, the intermediate element must comprise four to six layers in order to achieve a desired damping effect.

Zur Reduzierung von Geräuschemissionen schlägt die US 6,009,856 A zudem vor, das Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit einer Hülse zu umgeben und den entstehenden Zwischenraum mit einer elastischen, geräuschdämpfenden Masse auszufüllen. Diese Art der Geräuschdämpfung ist allerdings sehr aufwändig, montageunfreundlich und kostspielig.To reduce noise emissions, the US 6,009,856 A also propose to surround the fuel injector with a sleeve and to fill the resulting space with an elastic, noise-damping compound. However, this type of noise reduction is very complex, unfriendly to assemble and expensive.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Entkopplungselement für eine Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass in sehr einfacher Bauweise eine verbesserte Geräuschdämpfung erreicht wird. Das Entkopplungselement besitzt eine nicht-lineare, progressive Federkennlinie, durch die sich beim Einbau des Entkopplungselements in einer Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit Injektoren für eine Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung mehrere positive und vorteilhafte Aspekte ergeben. Die niedrige Steifigkeit des Entkopplungselements im Leerlaufpunkt ermöglicht eine effektive Entkopplung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils vom Zylinderkopf und verringert dadurch im geräuschkritischen Leerlaufbetrieb deutlich das vom Zylinderkopf abgestrahlte Geräusch. Die hohe Steifigkeit bei nominalem Systemdruck sorgt für eine während des Fahrzeugbetriebs insgesamt niedrige Bewegung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils und sichert dadurch zum einem die Haltbarkeit der Dichtringe, die als Brennraumdichtung und als Abdichtung gegenüber dem Fuel Rail dienen, und zum anderen einen stabilen Abspritzpunkt des Kraftstoffsprays im Brennraum, was für die Stabilität einiger Brennverfahren entscheidend ist.The decoupling element according to the invention for a fuel injection device with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that improved noise damping is achieved in a very simple construction. The decoupling element has a non-linear, progressive spring characteristic, which results in several positive and advantageous aspects when installing the decoupling element in a fuel injector with injectors for direct fuel injection. The low stiffness of the decoupling element at the idling point enables the fuel injector to be decoupled effectively from the cylinder head and thus significantly reduces the noise emitted by the cylinder head in the idle mode which is critical for noise. The high rigidity At nominal system pressure, the fuel injector moves as a whole during vehicle operation, thereby ensuring on the one hand the durability of the sealing rings, which serve as a combustion chamber seal and a seal against the fuel rail, and on the other hand a stable spray point of the fuel spray in the combustion chamber, which is important for the Stability of some combustion processes is crucial.

Das Entkopplungselement zeichnet sich durch eine geringe Bauhöhe aus, wodurch es auch bei kleinem Bauraum einsetzbar ist. Das Entkopplungselement besitzt zudem eine große Dauerfestigkeit auch bei hohen Temperaturen. Das Entkopplungselement ist fertigungstechnisch sehr einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar. Die gesamte Aufhängung des Systems aus Brennstoffeinspritzventil und Entkopplungselement kann zudem einfach und schnell moniert bzw. demontiert werden.The decoupling element is characterized by a low overall height, which means that it can also be used in a small space. The decoupling element also has great fatigue strength even at high temperatures. The decoupling element is very simple and inexpensive to manufacture. The entire suspension of the system consisting of fuel injector and decoupling element can also be easily and quickly assembled or disassembled.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, dass neben der geometrisch ermöglichten Verkippbarkeit bzw. der Schwenkbarkeit des Brennstoffeinspritzventils zum Toleranzausgleich auch Führungselemente am Entkopplungselement vorgesehen sind, wobei durch die seitliche Führung des Entkopplungselements in der Aufnahmebohrung des Zylinderkopfes die Steifigkeit im Kontaktfall bei hohen Lasten erhöht wird. Durch diese besondere Außenführung im Zylinderkopf mit sehr geringem Spiel wird die Toleranzsituation optimal gestaltet. Sollte das Brennstoffeinspritzventil im Betrieb unter Last z.B. wegen temperaturbedingter Dehnungen weiter als üblich kippen, so ist dies möglich, da sich das Entkopplungselement nicht relativ zum Zylinderkopf in radialer Richtung bewegen kann.It is particularly advantageous that, in addition to the geometrically possible tiltability or the pivotability of the fuel injector to compensate for tolerances, guide elements are also provided on the decoupling element, with the lateral guidance of the decoupling element in the receiving bore of the cylinder head increasing the rigidity in the case of contact at high loads. This special external guidance in the cylinder head with very little play optimally shapes the tolerance situation. If the fuel injector is in operation under load e.g. Tilting more than usual due to temperature-related expansions is possible because the decoupling element cannot move in the radial direction relative to the cylinder head.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung möglich.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the fuel injection device specified in claim 1 are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Figur 1
eine teilweise dargestellte Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung in einer bekannten Ausführung mit einem scheibenförmigen Zwischenelement,
Figur 2
ein mechanisches Ersatzschaltbild der Abstützung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Zylinderkopf bei der Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung, das ein gewöhnliches Feder-Masse-Dämpfer-System wiedergibt,
Figur 3
das Übertragungsverhalten eines in Figur 2 gezeigten Feder-Masse-Dämpfer-Systems mit einer Verstärkung bei niedrigen Frequenzen im Bereich der Resonanzfrequenz fR und einem Isolationsbereich oberhalb der Entkoppelfrequenz fE,
Figur 4
einen Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Entkopplungselement in einer Einbausituation an einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil im Bereich des in Figur 1 gezeigten scheibenförmigen Zwischenelements,
Figur 5
ein erfindungsgemäßes Entkopplungselement als Einzelteil in einer schrägen Draufsicht,
Figur 6
einen Sicherungsring als Einzelteil in einer schrägen Draufsicht und
Figuren 7 und 8
ein alternatives erfindungsgemäßes Entkopplungselement als Einzelteil in einer schrägen Draufsicht bzw. schrägen Unteransicht.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it
Figure 1
a partially illustrated fuel injection device in a known embodiment with a disc-shaped intermediate element,
Figure 2
a mechanical equivalent circuit diagram of the support of the fuel injector in the cylinder head during direct fuel injection, which represents a conventional spring-mass damper system,
Figure 3
the transmission behavior of an in Figure 2 spring-mass-damper system shown with a gain at low frequencies in the range of the resonance frequency f R and an isolation area above the decoupling frequency f E ,
Figure 4
a cross section through a decoupling element according to the invention in an installation situation on a fuel injector in the area of the in Figure 1 disc-shaped intermediate element shown,
Figure 5
a decoupling element according to the invention as an individual part in an oblique plan view,
Figure 6
a circlip as a single part in an oblique plan view and
Figures 7 and 8
an alternative decoupling element according to the invention as a single part in an oblique plan view or oblique bottom view.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Zum Verständnis der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figur 1 eine bekannte Ausführungsform einer Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung näher beschrieben. In der Figur 1 ist als ein Ausführungsbeispiel ein Ventil in der Form eines Einspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen in einer Seitenansicht dargestellt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist Teil der Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung. Mit einem stromabwärtigen Ende ist das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, das in Form eines direkt einspritzenden Einspritzventils zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen Brennraum 25 der Brennkraftmaschine ausgeführt ist, in eine Aufnahmebohrung 20 eines Zylinderkopfes 9 eingebaut. Ein Dichtring 2, insbesondere aus Teflon ™, sorgt für eine optimale Abdichtung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 gegenüber der Wandung der Aufnahmebohrung 20 des Zylinderkopfes 9.To understand the invention, the following is based on the Figure 1 a known embodiment of a fuel injection device described in more detail. In the Figure 1 As an exemplary embodiment, a valve in the form of an injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixed-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines is shown in a side view. The fuel injection valve 1 is part of the fuel injection device. With a downstream end, the fuel injection valve 1, which is designed in the form of a direct injection fuel injector for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber 25 of the internal combustion engine, is installed in a receiving bore 20 of a cylinder head 9. A sealing ring 2, in particular made of Teflon ™, ensures an optimal seal of the fuel injection valve 1 with respect to the wall of the receiving bore 20 of the cylinder head 9.

Zwischen einem Absatz 21 eines Ventilgehäuses 22 und einer z.B. rechtwinklig zur Längserstreckung der Aufnahmebohrung 20 verlaufenden Schulter 23 der Aufnahmebohrung 20 ist ein flaches Zwischenelement 24 eingelegt, das als Abstützelement in Form einer Unterlegscheibe ausgeführt ist. Mit Hilfe eines solchen Zwischenelements 24 werden Fertigungs- und Montagetoleranzen ausgeglichen und eine querkraftfreie Lagerung auch bei leichter Schiefstellung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 sichergestellt.A flat intermediate element 24, which is designed as a support element in the form of a washer, is inserted between a shoulder 21 of a valve housing 22 and a shoulder 23 of the receiving bore 20, for example, extending at right angles to the longitudinal extent of the receiving bore 20. With the help of such an intermediate element 24, manufacturing and assembly tolerances are compensated for and a lateral force-free mounting is ensured even when the fuel injector 1 is slightly skewed.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 weist an seinem zulaufseitigen Ende 3 eine Steckverbindung zu einer Brennstoffverteilerleitung (Fuel Rail) 4 auf, die durch einen Dichtring 5 zwischen einem Anschlussstutzen 6 der Brennstoffverteilerleitung 4, der im Schnitt dargestellt ist, und einem Zulaufstutzen 7 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 abgedichtet ist. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist in eine Aufnahmeöffnung 12 des Anschlussstutzens 6 der Brennstoffverteilerleitung 4 eingeschoben. Der Anschlussstutzen 6 geht dabei z.B. einteilig aus der eigentlichen Brennstoffverteilerleitung 4 hervor und besitzt stromaufwärts der Aufnahmeöffnung 12 eine durchmesserkleinere Strömungsöffnung 15, über die die Anströmung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 erfolgt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 verfügt über einen elektrischen Anschlussstecker 8 für die elektrische Kontaktierung zur Betätigung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1.The fuel injection valve 1 has at its inlet end 3 a plug connection to a fuel rail 4, which is sealed by a sealing ring 5 between a connection piece 6 of the fuel rail 4, which is shown in section, and an inlet pipe 7 of the fuel injector 1. The fuel injection valve 1 is inserted into a receiving opening 12 of the connecting piece 6 of the fuel distributor line 4. The connecting piece 6 goes e.g. in one piece from the actual fuel distribution line 4 and upstream of the receiving opening 12 has a smaller-diameter flow opening 15, through which the flow to the fuel injection valve 1 takes place. The fuel injector 1 has an electrical connector 8 for the electrical contact for actuating the fuel injector 1.

Um das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 und die Brennstoffverteilerleitung 4 weitgehend radialkraftfrei voneinander zu beabstanden und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 sicher in der Aufnahmebohrung des Zylinderkopfes niederzuhalten, ist ein Niederhalter 10 zwischen dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 und dem Anschlussstutzen 6 vorgesehen. Der Niederhalter 10 ist als bügelförmiges Bauteil ausgeführt, z.B. als Stanz-Biege-Teil. Der Niederhalter 10 weist ein teilringförmiges Grundelement 11 auf, von dem aus abgebogen ein Niederhaltebügel 13 verläuft, der an einer stromabwärtigen Endfläche 14 des Anschlussstutzens 6 an der Brennstoffverteilerleitung 4 im eingebauten Zustand anliegt.In order to space the fuel injection valve 1 and the fuel distributor line 4 from one another largely without radial force and to hold the fuel injection valve 1 securely in the receiving bore of the cylinder head, a hold-down device 10 is provided between the fuel injection valve 1 and the connecting piece 6. The hold-down device 10 is designed as a bow-shaped component, e.g. as a stamped and bent part. The hold-down device 10 has a partially ring-shaped base element 11, from which a hold-down bracket 13 extends, which bears against a downstream end face 14 of the connecting piece 6 on the fuel distributor line 4 in the installed state.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, gegenüber den bekannten Zwischenelementelösungen einerseits auf einfache Art und Weise eine verbesserte Geräuschdämpfung, vor allen Dingen im geräuschkritischen Leerlaufbetrieb, durch eine gezielte Auslegung und Geometrie des Zwischenelements 24 zu erreichen, und andererseits einfach und kostengünstig einen Toleranzausgleich, der ein Verkippen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils um bis zu 1° erlaubt, und einen querkraftfreien Betrieb unter Temperatureinfluss zu ermöglichen. Die maßgebliche Geräuschquelle des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 bei der direkten Hochdruckeinspritzung sind die während des Ventilbetriebs in den Zylinderkopf 9 eingeleiteten Kräfte (Körperschall), die zu einer strukturellen Anregung des Zylinderkopfs 9 führen und von diesem als Luftschall abgestrahlt werden. Um eine Geräuschverbesserung zu erreichen, ist daher eine Minimierung der in den Zylinderkopf 9 eingeleiteten Kräfte anzustreben. Neben der Verringerung der durch die Einspritzung verursachten Kräfte kann dies durch eine Beeinflussung des Übertragungsverhaltens zwischen dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 und dem Zylinderkopf 9 erreicht werden.The object of the invention is, compared to the known intermediate element solutions, on the one hand to achieve improved noise damping in a simple manner, above all in noise-critical idling operation, by means of a targeted design and geometry of the intermediate element 24, and on the other hand to easily and inexpensively compensate for tolerances that cause tilting of the fuel injector by up to 1 °, and to enable a shear-free operation under the influence of temperature. The decisive source of noise of the fuel injection valve 1 in direct high-pressure injection are the forces (structure-borne noise) introduced into the cylinder head 9 during valve operation, which lead to a structural excitation of the cylinder head 9 and are emitted by the latter as airborne noise. In order to improve the noise, the forces introduced into the cylinder head 9 should therefore be minimized. In addition to reducing the forces caused by the injection, this can be achieved by influencing the transmission behavior between the fuel injection valve 1 and the cylinder head 9.

Im mechanischen Sinne kann die Lagerung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 auf dem passiven Zwischenelement 24 in der Aufnahmebohrung 20 des Zylinderkopfes 9 als ein gewöhnliches Feder-Masse-Dämpfer-System abgebildet werden, wie dies in Figur 2 dargestellt ist. Die Masse M des Zylinderkopfs 9 kann dabei gegenüber der Masse m des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 in erster Näherung als unendlich groß angenommen werden. Das Übertragungsverhalten eines solchen Systems zeichnet sich durch eine Verstärkung bei niedrigen Frequenzen im Bereich der Resonanzfrequenz fR und einen Isolationsbereich oberhalb der Entkoppelfrequenz fE aus (siehe Figur 3).In the mechanical sense, the mounting of the fuel injection valve 1 on the passive intermediate element 24 in the receiving bore 20 of the cylinder head 9 can be represented as a conventional spring-mass damper system, as shown in FIG Figure 2 is shown. The mass M of the cylinder head 9 can be assumed to be infinitely large compared to the mass m of the fuel injector 1. The transmission behavior of such a system is characterized by an amplification at low frequencies in the range of the resonance frequency f R and an isolation range above the decoupling frequency f E (see Figure 3 ).

Ziel der Erfindung ist die Auslegung eines Zwischenelementes 24 unter der vorrangigen Verwendung der elastischen Isolation (Entkopplung) zur Geräuschminderung, insbesondere im Leerlaufbetrieb des Fahrzeuges. Die Erfindung umfasst dabei zum einen die Definition und Auslegung einer geeigneten Federkennlinie unter Berücksichtigung der typischen Anforderungen und Randbedingungen bei der Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung mit variablem Betriebsdruck und zum anderen die Auslegung eines Zwischenelementes 24, welches in der Lage ist, die Charakteristik der so definierten Federkennlinie abzubilden und über eine Wahl einfacher geometrischer Parameter an die spezifischen Randbedingungen des Einspritzsystems angepasst werden kann.The aim of the invention is the design of an intermediate element 24 with the primary use of elastic insulation (decoupling) for noise reduction, in particular when the vehicle is idling. The invention encompasses on the one hand the definition and design of a suitable spring characteristic taking into account the typical requirements and boundary conditions for direct fuel injection with variable operating pressure and on the other hand the design of an intermediate element 24 which is capable of mapping and using the characteristics of the spring characteristic thus defined a choice of simple geometric parameters can be adapted to the specific boundary conditions of the injection system.

Die Entkopplung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 vom Zylinderkopf 9 mit Hilfe einer geringen Federsteifigkeit c des erfindungsgemäßen Entkopplungselements 25, das ringförmig, insbesondere als geschlossener Ring, und im Querschnitt polsterartig ausgeführt ist, wird neben dem geringen Bauraum durch eine Einschränkung der zulässigen Maximalbewegung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 während des Motorbetriebs erschwert. Im Fahrzeug treten typischerweise folgende quasi-statische Lastzustände auf:

  1. 1. die nach der Montage durch einen Niederhalter 10 aufgebrachte statische Niederhaltekraft FNH,
  2. 2. die bei Leerlauf-Betriebsdruck vorliegende Kraft FL und
  3. 3. die bei nominalem Systemdruck vorliegende Kraft FSys.
The decoupling of the fuel injection valve 1 from the cylinder head 9 with the aid of a low spring stiffness c of the decoupling element 25 according to the invention, which is ring-shaped, in particular as a closed ring, and has a cushion-like cross section, is achieved in addition to the small installation space by restricting the permissible maximum movement of the fuel injection valve 1 during the Engine operation difficult. The following quasi-static load conditions typically occur in the vehicle:
  1. 1. the static hold-down force F NH applied after assembly by a hold-down device 10,
  2. 2. the force F L and at idle operating pressure
  3. 3. the force F Sys present at nominal system pressure .

Um die geräuschentkoppelnden Maßnahmen bei typischen Randbedingungen der Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung (geringer Bauraum, große Kräfte, geringe axiale Gesamtbewegung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1) auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise umsetzen zu können, ist das Entkopplungselement 25 erfindungsgemäß mit seinem polsterartigen Querschnitt über seinen ringförmigen Verlauf weiterhin so gestaltet, dass eine untere, z.B. weitgehend ebene Stirnfläche 26 vorgesehen ist, die auf einer Schulter 23 der Aufnahmebohrung 20 im Zylinderkopf 9 aufliegt, und eine obere Stirnfläche 27 vorgesehen ist, die von radial außen nach radial innen konisch ansteigend verläuft und Anlagekontakt mit einer sphärisch gewölbten oder kegeligen bzw. konisch verlaufenden Schulterfläche 21 des Ventilgehäuses 22 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 hat. Die obere Stirnfläche 27 des Entkopplungselements 25 kann neben ihrem konischen Anstieg dazu noch eine sphärische Auswölbung aufweisen, wobei dann ein sehr großer Radius im Kontaktbereich vorliegt.In order to be able to implement the noise-decoupling measures under typical boundary conditions of direct fuel injection (small installation space, large forces, low total axial movement of the fuel injection valve 1) in a simple and inexpensive manner, the decoupling element 25 according to the invention, with its cushion-like cross-section, is also designed such that its annular shape a lower, for example largely flat end face 26 is provided, which on a shoulder 23 of the Receiving bore 20 rests in the cylinder head 9, and an upper end face 27 is provided, which extends conically from the radially outside to the radially inside and has contact with a spherically curved or conical or conical shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 of the fuel injection valve 1. In addition to its conical rise, the upper end face 27 of the decoupling element 25 can also have a spherical bulge, in which case there is a very large radius in the contact area.

In der Figur 4 ist ein Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Entkopplungselement 25 in einer Einbausituation an einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 im Bereich des in Figur 1 gezeigten scheibenförmigen Zwischenelements 24 dargestellt, wobei das Zwischenelement 24 durch das erfindungsgemäße Entkopplungselement 25 ersetzt ist.In the Figure 4 is a cross section through a decoupling element 25 according to the invention in an installation situation on a fuel injector 1 in the area of the in Figure 1 shown disc-shaped intermediate element 24, wherein the intermediate element 24 is replaced by the decoupling element 25 according to the invention.

In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weist das Entkopplungselement 25 an seiner Oberseite die konisch bzw. kegelig verlaufende Stirnfläche 27 auf, die im eingebauten Zustand mit der ballig bzw. sphärisch ausgeführten, konvex gewölbten oder kegeligen Schulterfläche 21 des Ventilgehäuses 22 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 korrespondiert. Die Schulterfläche 21 des Ventilgehäuses 22 ist dabei an einer radial nach außen stehenden Schulter 28 ausgebildet, die zwischen sich und der Schulter 23 der Aufnahmebohrung 20 bereits für eine gewisse Kammerung des Entkopplungselements 25 sorgt. Die Schulterfläche 21 des Ventilgehäuses 22 muss nicht durchgehend sphärisch gewölbt verlaufen; es genügt eine solche Ausformung im Kontaktbereich mit der konisch verlaufenden Stirnfläche 27 des Entkopplungselements 25. Die jeweiligen Übergänge der oberen Stirnfläche 27 und der unteren Stirnfläche 26 zu den beiden inneren und äußeren Ringmantelflächen des Entkopplungselements 25 können abgerundet sein. Die erfindungsgemäße Geometrie mit einem flachen Winkel bzw. einem großen Radius der Wölbung an der sphärisch gewölbten Schulterfläche 21 des Ventilgehäuses 22 und der konisch bzw. kegelig verlaufenden Stirnfläche 27 des Entkopplungselements 25 ermöglicht in Verbindung mit einer Außenführung des Entkopplungselements 25, die besonders über die Darstellung in Figur 5 deutlich wird, an der Wandung der Aufnahmebohrung 20 im Zylinderkopf 9 mit einem relativ großen Spiel nach radial innen zum Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 hin und mit einem sehr geringen Spiel nach radial außen zur Wandung der Aufnahmebohrung 20 hin den Einsatz eines spritzbaren Kunststoffelements oder eines kaltverformten Aluminiumelements. Ein solches Entkopplungselement 25 ist kostengünstig zu fertigen und entkoppelt den Körperschall in der gewünschten Weise.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the decoupling element 25 has on its upper side the conical or conical front face 27, which in the installed state corresponds to the spherical or spherical, convexly curved or conical shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 of the fuel injection valve 1. The shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 is formed on a radially outwardly projecting shoulder 28, which already ensures a certain chambering of the decoupling element 25 between itself and the shoulder 23 of the receiving bore 20. The shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 does not have to be spherically arched throughout; such a shape is sufficient in the contact area with the conical end face 27 of the decoupling element 25. The respective transitions of the upper end face 27 and the lower end face 26 to the two inner and outer annular jacket surfaces of the decoupling element 25 can be rounded. The geometry according to the invention with a flat angle or a large radius of curvature on the spherically curved shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22 and the conical or tapered end surface 27 of the decoupling element 25, in conjunction with an external guidance of the decoupling element 25, makes it possible, in particular via the illustration in Figure 5 it becomes clear on the wall of the receiving bore 20 in the cylinder head 9 with a relatively large clearance radially inward towards the fuel injector 1 and with a very small clearance radially outward towards the wall of the receiving bore 20 the use of a sprayable plastic element or a cold-formed aluminum element. Such a decoupling element 25 is inexpensive to manufacture and decouples the structure-borne noise in the desired manner.

Zusammen mit der geringfügig konvex gewölbten Schulterfläche 21 des Ventilgehäuses 22 entsteht eine schwenkbare bzw. verkippbare Verbindung zum Toleranzausgleich. Bei Versatz zwischen dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 und der Aufnahmebohrung 20 im Rahmen der tolerierten Fertigungsschwankungen kann es zu einer leichten Schiefstellung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 kommen. Durch die schwenkbare Verbindung zwischen dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 und dem Entkopplungselement 25 werden dann Querkräfte bei einer Schiefstellung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 weitgehend vermieden. Kegel/Kegel-, Kegel/Kugel-, Kugel/Kegel- oder Kugel/Kugel-Paarungen von Ventilgehäuse 22 und Entkopplungselement 25 sind erfindungsgemäß denkbar.Together with the slightly convexly curved shoulder surface 21 of the valve housing 22, a pivotable or tiltable connection is created for tolerance compensation. If the fuel injection valve 1 and the receiving bore 20 are offset within the scope of the tolerated production fluctuations, the fuel injection valve 1 may be slightly skewed. The pivotable connection between the fuel injection valve 1 and the decoupling element 25 then largely prevents lateral forces when the fuel injection valve 1 is tilted. Cone / cone, cone / ball, ball / cone or ball / ball pairings of valve housing 22 and decoupling element 25 are conceivable according to the invention.

Eine Verliersicherung für das Entkopplungselement 25 kann ein Sicherungsring 29 übernehmen, der unterhalb des Entkopplungselements 25 angeordnet ist und dabei das Entkopplungselement 25 mit geringem Abstand untergreift und am Ventilgehäuse 22 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 fixiert ist. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 als Baueinheit zusammen mit dem Entkopplungselement 25 in der Aufnahmebohrung 20 montiert werden kann.An anti-loss device for the decoupling element 25 can be taken over by a locking ring 29 which is arranged below the decoupling element 25 and thereby engages under the decoupling element 25 at a short distance and is fixed to the valve housing 22 of the fuel injection valve 1. In this way it can be ensured that the fuel injection valve 1 can be mounted as a structural unit together with the decoupling element 25 in the receiving bore 20.

Figur 5 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Entkopplungselement 25 als Einzelteil in einer schrägen Draufsicht. Neben der konisch bzw. kegelig verlaufenden oberen Stirnfläche 27 des Entkopplungselements 25 ist als besonderes Designmerkmal erkennbar, dass wenigstens ein radial am Außenumfang abstehendes Führungselement 30, insbesondere zwischen drei und zwölf Führungselemente 30 in Form von nasenartig abstehenden Führungsbunden, vorgesehen sind. Durch diese besondere Außenführung des Entkopplungselements 25 in der Aufnahmebohrung 20 des Zylinderkopfes 9 mit sehr geringem Spiel wird die Toleranzsituation optimal gestaltet. Sollte das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 im Betrieb unter Last z.B. wegen temperaturbedingter Dehnungen weiter als üblich kippen, so ist dies möglich, da sich das Entkopplungselement 25 nicht relativ zum Zylinderkopf 9 in radialer Richtung bewegen kann. Figure 5 shows an inventive decoupling element 25 as an individual part in an oblique plan view. In addition to the conical or tapered upper end face 27 of the decoupling element 25, it can be recognized as a special design feature that at least one guide element 30 protruding radially on the outer circumference, in particular between three and twelve guide elements 30 in the form of nose collars protruding, are provided. This special external guidance of the decoupling element 25 in the receiving bore 20 of the cylinder head 9 with very little play allows the tolerance situation to be optimally designed. If the fuel injection valve 1 tilts more than usual during operation under load, for example due to temperature-related expansions, this is possible because the decoupling element 25 cannot move in the radial direction relative to the cylinder head 9.

Figur 6 zeigt einen optionalen Sicherungsring 29 als Einzelteil in einer schrägen Draufsicht. Der Sicherungsring 29 ist beispielsweise als geschlossener Ring ausgeführt, der im Querschnitt abgeknickt verläuft, wobei ein oberer, weitgehend ebener Ringkragen 31 umlaufend ausgebildet ist und sich davon mehrere, über den Umfang verteilte Verspreizlaschen 32, die am Ventilgehäuse 22 anliegen, abgewinkelt erstrecken. Der Sicherungsring 29 kann auch in einer anderen Bauweise ausgeführt und mit einem anderen Abstand zum Entkopplungselement 25 am Außenumfang des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 angeordnet sein. Insbesondere kann der Sicherungsring 29 als kompakter, massiver, durchgehender Kunststoffring mit verschiedenen Funktionsbereichen durch seine filigrane Außenkontur ausgeführt sein. Figure 6 shows an optional locking ring 29 as an individual part in an oblique plan view. The locking ring 29 is designed, for example, as a closed ring which has a kinked cross section, an upper, largely flat ring collar 31 being formed all the way round and extending from it a plurality of spreading tabs 32 which are distributed over the circumference and which abut the valve housing 22. The circlip 29 can also be of a different construction and at a different distance from the decoupling element 25 on the outer circumference of the fuel injection valve 1 be arranged. In particular, the locking ring 29 can be designed as a compact, solid, continuous plastic ring with different functional areas due to its filigree outer contour.

Ein alternatives Entkopplungselement 25 zeigen die Figuren 7 und 8. Ein über die Schulter 23 der Aufnahmebohrung 20 in Richtung zum Sicherungsring 29 ragender und schräg ausgeführter Kragen 38 am Entkopplungselement 25 kann für eine noch bessere Stabilisierung des Entkopplungselements 25 im Verkippungsfall sorgen bzw. ermöglicht die sehr kompakte Ausführung des Sicherungsrings 29, da das Entkopplungselement 25 im Bereich des Kragens 38 bei geringen radialen Abmessungen des Sicherungsringes 29 bereits sicher untergriffen ist. Anstelle der Führungselemente 30 am durchmessergrößten Erstreckungsbereich des Entkopplungselements 25 kann so ein ringförmiges Führungselement 39 am Außendurchmesser des durchmesserkleineren Kragens 38 vorgesehen sein. Das Führungselement 39 ist also ein äußerer zylindrischer Ringbereich des Kragens 38, der mit der Wandung der Aufnahmebohrung 20 im Zylinderkopf 9 unterhalb der Schulter 23 zur radialen Positionierung korrespondiert. Die radialen Führungselemente 30 am größeren Durchmesser sind nun nicht mehr erforderlich. Damit der Kragen 38 mit dem Führungselement 39 bei der Montage des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 mit dem Entkopplungselement 25 in der Aufnahmebohrung 20 exakt in diese einführbar ist, kann es sinnvoll sein, dass anstelle der Führungselemente 30 mehrere, z.B. vier, Vorzentriernasen 30a am größten Durchmesser des Entkopplungselements 25 angeformt sind. Mit dem Kragen 38 lässt sich die Verliersicherung des Entkopplungselements 25 über den Sicherungsring 29 geometrisch und funktional optimal gestalten, da es kostengünstig herstell- und montierbar ist, geringen Bauraum erfordert und ein erforderliches Spiel zum geringfügigen Schwenken ermöglicht.An alternative decoupling element 25 is shown in FIG Figures 7 and 8 . A collar 38 on the decoupling element 25 which projects over the shoulder 23 of the receiving bore 20 in the direction of the securing ring 29 and is embodied at an angle can ensure even better stabilization of the decoupling element 25 in the event of tilting or enables the very compact design of the securing ring 29, since the decoupling element 25 in Area of the collar 38 is already securely gripped with small radial dimensions of the locking ring 29. Instead of the guide elements 30 at the area with the largest diameter of the decoupling element 25, an annular guide element 39 can be provided on the outer diameter of the collar 38 with a smaller diameter. The guide element 39 is therefore an outer cylindrical ring region of the collar 38, which corresponds to the wall of the receiving bore 20 in the cylinder head 9 below the shoulder 23 for radial positioning. The radial guide elements 30 with the larger diameter are no longer required. So that the collar 38 with the guide element 39 can be inserted exactly into the receiving bore 20 when the fuel injection valve 1 is mounted with the decoupling element 25, it can be useful that instead of the guide elements 30 several, for example four, pre-centering lugs 30a at the largest diameter of the decoupling element 25 are molded. With the collar 38, the securing against loss of the decoupling element 25 can be optimally designed geometrically and functionally via the locking ring 29, since it can be manufactured and assembled inexpensively, requires little installation space and enables a necessary play for slight pivoting.

Claims (9)

  1. Decoupling element for a fuel injection apparatus for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, the fuel injection apparatus comprising at least one fuel injection valve (1) and one receiving bore (20) for the fuel injection valve (1), and the decoupling element being introduced between a valve housing (22) of the fuel injection valve (1) and a wall of the receiving bore (20),
    the decoupling element (25) being of annular configuration, in particular as a closed ring which has a lower end face (26) which lies on a shoulder (23) of the receiving bore (20), and which has an upper end face (27) which, in a manner which rises from the radial outside to the radial inside, runs either conically or in addition with a spherical curvature with a great radius and has bearing contact with a spherically curved or conical shoulder face (21) of the valve housing (22) of the fuel injection valve (1),
    characterized
    in that the decoupling element (25) is installed in such a way that there is guidance of the decoupling element (25) radially to the outside towards the wall of the receiving bore (20) and, to this end, at least one guide element (30) which projects radially on the outer circumference, in particular between three and twelve guide elements (30) in the form of guide flanges which project in a lug-like manner, is/are provided, or an axially projecting collar (38) is provided on the decoupling element (25), which collar (38) has an annular guide element (39) on the outer circumference, which annular guide element (39) is configured on a smaller diameter than the greatest diameter of the decoupling element (25).
  2. Decoupling element according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that the decoupling element (25) has a cushion-like contour in cross section.
  3. Decoupling element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized
    in that the decoupling element (25) is an injection-moulded plastic element or a cold-worked aluminium element.
  4. Decoupling element according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the respective transitions of the upper end face (27) and the lower end face (26) to the two inner and outer annular circumferential faces of the decoupling element (25) are rounded.
  5. Decoupling element according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that a plurality of pre-centring lugs (30a) are integrally formed on the greatest diameter of the decoupling element (25).
  6. Decoupling element according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that a securing ring (29) is provided as a captive securing means for the decoupling element (25), which securing ring (29) is arranged below the decoupling element (25) and is fixed on the valve housing (22) of the fuel injection valve (1).
  7. Decoupling element according to Claim 6,
    characterized
    in that the securing ring (29) has a circumferential, largely planar annular collar (31), from which a plurality of expanding lugs (32) which are distributed over the circumference extend in an angled-away manner.
  8. Decoupling element according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that, in the region of its upper, conically running end face (27), the decoupling element (25) enters into a pivotable and/or tiltable connection with the fuel injection valve (1) for tolerance compensation.
  9. Decoupling element according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the receiving bore (20) for the fuel injection valve (1) is configured in a cylinder head (9), and the receiving bore (20) has a shoulder (23) which runs perpendicularly with respect to the extent of the receiving bore (20) and on which the decoupling element (25) lies.
EP15781373.4A 2014-12-16 2015-10-19 Decoupling element for a fuel injection device Active EP3234345B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014225988.6A DE102014225988A1 (en) 2014-12-16 2014-12-16 Decoupling element for a fuel injection device
PCT/EP2015/074144 WO2016096200A1 (en) 2014-12-16 2015-10-19 Decoupling element for a fuel injection device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3234345A1 EP3234345A1 (en) 2017-10-25
EP3234345B1 true EP3234345B1 (en) 2020-04-29

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ID=54329550

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15781373.4A Active EP3234345B1 (en) 2014-12-16 2015-10-19 Decoupling element for a fuel injection device

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US10641224B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3234345B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6612347B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102447583B1 (en)
CN (1) CN107110099B (en)
DE (1) DE102014225988A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016096200A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2018500499A (en) 2018-01-11
US20170328325A1 (en) 2017-11-16
KR102447583B1 (en) 2022-09-28
CN107110099A (en) 2017-08-29
WO2016096200A1 (en) 2016-06-23
JP6612347B2 (en) 2019-11-27
EP3234345A1 (en) 2017-10-25
CN107110099B (en) 2020-08-18
DE102014225988A1 (en) 2016-06-16
US10641224B2 (en) 2020-05-05
KR20170093851A (en) 2017-08-16

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