EP3234271B1 - Railing system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a railing system with a railing plate front that is continuous over the railing course and consists of a plurality of (all-glass) railing plates that are adjacent to one another and which, if the railing is erected as intended, with their lower edge area in a holding profile that is attached to a building and designed as a floor profile or in a recording made in a building are let in upright and a handrail profile is placed on the upper edge area.

Instead of the DE 26 57 600 A1 , the US 2006/0284154 A1 or the US 2007/0163189 A1 Well-known classic handrails, in which handrail plates are mounted on or between posts that are embedded in the ground, have recently been increasingly installed in which (all-glass) handrail plates are used that are largely free-standing and only with their lower edge are used in a retaining profile anchored to a building part. Here, the side-by-side (all-glass) railing panels, apart from the gap of a few millimeters between adjacent glass panels, form a visually pleasing, continuous glass front. Such railings are from the US 2001/0025953 A1 and the US 7 866 636 B1 known.

With such floor-to-ceiling (all-glass) railings, it is not only the retaining profile that has to be securely anchored to the structure. The heavy glass plates themselves must be held firmly in the retaining profile and be able to absorb sufficient forces to be able to serve as reliable fall protection and to be able to support a larger number of people leaning against the railing. The forces that act on the retaining profile via the glass plate, for example when one or more people lean against the railing, can be due to the leverage ratio can be significant. The glass panes preferably used as railing panels are, depending on the application, very heavy and thick as well as multi-layered as laminated glass panes.

At the same time, such all-glass railings are viewed as design objects and high demands are placed on the visual appeal and the impression of quality of such a railing. On the one hand, this applies to the requirement to install guardrail panels that are adjacent to one another without any misalignment so as not to create any optical breaks in the front of the guardrail panel. On the other hand, the visually pleasing impression of the continuous railing plate front should not be interrupted by additional railing system components that protrude from the plate plane defined by the railing plate front.

Since such railings are also being used more and more frequently in public spaces - for example, airports, train stations or sports facilities are increasingly being subject to additional requirements that go beyond the requirements already described. A requirement that has recently come into focus is advantageous behavior and increased resistance to detonations of explosive devices. Here it is desirable that the railing system as a whole is built so stable that that it is affected as little as possible by the force of a detonation. In the event that the railing is destroyed by a blast wave or torn from its anchorage, it is important to avoid that the railing breaks apart as a result of a detonation into a large number of individual parts, which can cause additional damage as individual parts flying around.

The documents US 2001/025953 A1 and US 7 866 636 B1 each disclose a railing system which, when the railing is erected as intended, comprises, apart from a gap between adjacent railing plates, a railing plate front that is continuous over the course of the railing and made up of a plurality of adjacent railing plates, with the lower edge area of the railing plates with their lower edge area in a floor profile attached to a building structure are let in upright and a handrail profile is placed on the upper edge area.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a railing system that - apart from the gap between adjacent glass plates and the use of a floor-to-ceiling retaining profile - enables the installation of a continuous, floor-to-ceiling railing plate front and manages with slim-dimensioned railing system components to create a pleasing, slim appearance to ensure, but at the same time additional resilience and security in the Case of detonation of an explosive device in its vicinity. In addition, despite the additional requirements, it should be possible to set up the railing system with simple means and with as little effort as possible.

To solve this problem, the invention provides a railing system of the type mentioned in which an additional securing element is provided which extends between the handrail profile and the structure or between the handrail profile and the floor profile and which connects the handrail profile to the structure or the floor profile.

This construction ensures that, in the event of a detonation, the components of the railing, in particular the railing plates which are the main attack surface for a pressure wave, are additionally secured by the securing element arranged between the handrail and the retaining profile or structure. Both the structure or the retaining profile on the one hand and the handrail profile on the other side encompass the railing plates on the top and bottom in a form-fitting manner through the design of a receiving groove in the retaining profile or structure on the one hand and an edging groove in the retaining profile on the other. In addition to encompassing the handrail plates, the securing element also secures the handrail profile placed on the top of the handrail plates so that it does not become detached from the handrail plates and can fly around as a single component after a detonation.

For a further understanding of the invention, it should be explained that the structure is formed by a part of the structure which receives the railing panels or to which the retaining profile receiving the railing panels is anchored, i.e. in particular from a floor or the end face or the edge area of a balustrade or a Balconies. The receptacle for the handrail plates can be made directly in the structure, in particular in the form of a receiving groove extending along the handrail into which the handrail plates are directly embedded and cast or in which they are braced. However, it is preferably provided that a retaining profile is first attached to the structure, in which the railing panels are then fixed.

The securing element is preferably formed by a high-strength cable, in particular a steel cable, or a high-strength rod or a high-strength tube, in particular a steel rod or a steel tube. In addition to the use of steel, other materials with high tensile strength can of course also be considered, such as aramid or carbon fibers. Advantages of such securing elements are in particular that they can be accommodated within the gap between the individual railing plates due to their elongated narrow dimensions.

To connect the securing element to the handrail profile, the securing element preferably engages in the handrail profile in a form-fitting manner. In particular, screw connections or tie rods which can be introduced via an opening provided in the handrail tube and engage behind the handrail tube on the inside can be used. In particular when using a rope and a handrail tube having an inner cavity as a handrail profile, it is also conceivable to guide the rope into the interior of the handrail tube at a first point, in particular in the area of a first gap located between the railing plates, and to guide it at a second point, in particular in the area of a second gap adjacent to the first gap, to lead out of the handrail tube again, with both ends of the rope then being connected to the structure or the retaining profile at a different point in each case.

To connect the securing element to the building structure, it can be provided that the end of the securing element facing the building structure is anchored directly in the building structure.

However, it is preferably provided that the end of the securing element facing the structural body has a securing anchor which interacts with the retaining profile. The securing anchor preferably engages in the retaining profile in a form-fitting manner.

For this purpose, a separate anchoring point can be subsequently incorporated in the retaining profile, which for the purpose of positive engagement of the securing anchor in the Holding profile forms an undercut acting in the loading direction in a material area forming the holding profile. "Subsequently introduced" in this context means that the anchoring points are only introduced into the material of the retaining profile after the original production of the retaining profile - as a rule, the retaining profiles are extruded metal profiles - for example by means of material removal after extrusion Milling and / or drilling.

Such an undercut can be formed, for example, by a passage opening made in the holding profile material, through which the securing element can be passed in order to effectively engage behind the holding profile at the anchoring point in the loading direction. Such a through opening, preferably stepped in the load direction, can be provided in a vertically aligned side leg of the retaining profile, which preferably forms a U-shaped receiving channel, which enables better accessibility of the lower end of the securing element even after the retaining profile has been installed on the structure and the railing plates have been inserted. However, it is also conceivable to provide the passage opening in the lower horizontal leg of a retaining profile with a U-shaped cross-section, directly facing the structure.

In connection with the anchoring of the securing element on the retaining profile, it can also be provided that the retaining profile or the receptacle in the structure and the securing anchor interact via an anchor bridge. If the securing anchor has an anchor bridge which, due to its effective width, is able to wedge itself positively within the retaining profile in the loading direction of the securing element, this in particular secures the securing element in the retaining profile. Such an anchor bridge can be inserted in a first orientation, in particular in a direction opposite to the loading direction, into the retaining profile or the building receptacle, and in a second orientation within the retaining profile or the building receptacle can be a material section that forms an undercut acting in the loading direction of the securing element, reach behind. The use of an anchor bridge as part of the securing anchor has the particular advantage of that this can engage behind a section of material provided on the retaining profile during the original production of the retaining profile. The subsequent introduction of an undercut by means of a production step following the original production process, in particular extrusion, is not necessary. Such a construction with an anchor bridge can of course also be considered in the case of anchoring points subsequently introduced into the retaining profile.

So that the securing element is largely centered and guided parallel to the railing plate surfaces within a gap existing between two adjacent railing plates, a centering element can be provided through which the securing element is passed. The centering element can be formed by a centering insert which can be inserted into the receiving channel, in particular a centering insert which extends between the opposing inner walls of a U-shaped receiving channel and which can preferably be braced between these two inner walls. However, depending on the design of the anchor bridge described above and its intended positioning within the railing plate receptacle, this can also form the centering element.

A pretensioning mechanism can be provided to keep the securing element under tension so that the securing element does not "hang" slack and therefore in an undefined orientation between the railing plates, especially when it is formed by a cable loaded with tension. Such a pretensioning mechanism can in particular have a spring mechanism which ensures the pretensioning. In addition or as an alternative to this, a pretensioning mechanism with actuators, in particular pretensioning screws, can be provided, by means of which the securing element can be put on tension.

In particular, an actuator acting on the anchor bridge comes into consideration as the pretensioning mechanism, which is preferably accessible from the outside when the railing is erected as intended. It can be in one of the most vertically oriented Legs of a U-shaped receiving profile can be provided with an adjusting screw which acts on the anchor bridge positioned within the receiving groove.

In the drawings shows

Fig. 1

a railing system with a railing plate front that is continuous over the railing,

Fig. 2

a first possible sectional view of a first embodiment along the in Figure 1 indicated section AA, and

Fig. 3

a second, for the embodiment of Figure 2 alternatively possible sectional view of a second embodiment along the in Figure 1 indicated section AA.

Figure 1 shows a railing in which a plurality of railing panels 1 made of glass, arranged next to one another, form a railing filling. The railing plates 1 form a continuous glass surface which is only interrupted by gaps S which inevitably exist between two adjacent railing plates 1 at regular intervals for a few millimeters. The railing plates 1 stand at floor level in a retaining profile 2 that is designed as a standing, U-shaped floor profile 2, which is firmly anchored to a structure, for example a floor area, via an anchor. The railing plates 1 are firmly fixed in the soil profile 2 in a manner known per se and are thus securely supported on the structure with the interposition of the soil profile 2.

The floor profile 2, which is preferably an extruded (solid) aluminum profile, has a U-shaped receiving channel which extends along the railing and is open at the top, which forms the railing plate receptacle into which the lower edge of the railing plate 1 is inserted.

A continuous handrail profile 3, preferably extending over individual gaps S, is placed on the upper end face of the railing plates 1, which, as shown below in FIGS Figure 2 and Figure 3 can be seen, is preferably formed by a grooved tube.

Figure 2 illustrates a first embodiment of the invention. In a side leg 4 of the preferably solid floor profile 2, a stepped passage opening 5 is made by means of a bore into which a safety anchor 6 of a safety element engages, which has a steel cable 7 in addition to the safety anchor 6.

The securing anchor 6 can be formed by a steel cable holding device, as for example in the German utility model DE 20 2013 101 806.6 U1 is disclosed, the content of which, insofar as it is meaningfully applicable to the present invention, is made the subject of this application. Of course, other types of securing anchor 6 can also be considered, which are capable of effectively absorbing a suddenly occurring, jerky tensile load on the wire rope 7 and supporting it on the retaining profile 2.

The end of the wire rope 7 facing away from the floor profile 2 engages positively with an engagement part in a handrail profile 8, which is placed on the front side of the railing plate 1 at the upper edge of the handrail plate 1 and encompasses the railing plate 1 on both sides with an edging groove formed by the handrail profile 3. In Figure 2 The use of a blind rivet nut 9, into which a thread arranged on the said end of the wire rope 7 engages, is shown by way of example.

An example of the in Figure 2 illustrated embodiment clarified that the in Figure 2 Securing anchors 6 interacting with the floor profile can also be used as a form-fitting engagement part engaging in the handrail profile 3 and the thread / blind rivet nut pairing can also be used as securing anchors 6 interacting with the floor profile.

A centering element in the form of a centering aid 10 through which the wire rope 7 is passed is also provided in the bottom profile 2. The centering aid 10 is preferably designed in the form of a bridge-like clasp extending over the width of the receiving channel. This ensures that the securing element, in particular the steel cable 7, is guided centered in the gap S between the adjacent handrail plates 1 and not laterally out of the handrail plate plane protrudes. A positioning of the securing element that may be detrimental to the visual appearance can thus be avoided in particular in cases in which the attachment of the securing element to the railing system does not by itself guarantee centering.

Out Figure 2 it can be seen that the steel cable 7 functioning as a securing element connects the retaining profile 2 and the handrail profile 3 placed on the upper edge of the railing plates 1 with one another. The handrail tube and floor profile encompassing the railing plates 1 on the top and bottom sides effectively enclose the railing plates 1 between them, whereby they each encompass the end faces of the railing plates 1 on both sides. The handrail profile 3 is held on the retaining profile 2 via the securing element (steel cable 7). The separation of the individual components of the railing system from one another by the pressure wave of a detonation is made considerably more difficult.

Figure 3 , in which the handrail profile 3 and the railing plates 1 are not shown for the sake of clarity, shows as an alternative to that in FIG Figure 2 The embodiment shown is a variant of the invention in which - unlike in FIG Figure 2 - No passage opening 5 is provided for a securing anchor 6 in the material of the floor profile. Rather, a securing anchor 6 with an anchor bridge 11 is used, which is wedged within the receiving groove of the retaining profile 2. The effective width of the securing element is greater than the effective width of the receiving channel located at the anchoring point. In the intended installation position, the anchor bridge 11 engages behind a material area of the retaining profile 2 protruding inward within the receiving channel on a first side. With the other, second side, the anchor bridge 11 is supported on the inner wall of the floor profile 2. When the securing element is loaded in the loading direction B, the anchor bridge 11 is thus effectively wedged within the receiving groove. The anchor bridge 11 has a receptacle for a holding device 6, which is preferably centered on the railing plate plane.

Figure 3 also exemplifies the use of an optional pretensioning device in the form of a pretensioning screw 12. In the vertically oriented A pretensioning screw 12 is provided on the side leg 4 of the U-shaped receiving channel, which, by increasingly pressing it against the second side of the anchor bridge 11, ensures that the second side pivots downward, thereby stretching or pretensioning the steel cable 7.

Figure 4 shows a further alternative embodiment of the railing system, which can be used in particular in a railing to be attached to the side of a balustrade or a parapet (side mounting). In the following, the differences compared to the embodiments shown in the previous figures are mainly dealt with.

The securing element, which is designed as a high-strength rope 7, engages via a securing anchor 6 in the lower horizontal leg of the holding profile 2, which is U-shaped in cross section. For this purpose, a passage opening 5 is made in the lower horizontal leg of the holding profile 2. In the case of side mounting for which the in Figure 4 illustrated embodiment is provided in particular, the securing anchor 6 remains accessible from below. Nevertheless, the in Figure 4 embodiment shown basically also for a standing assembly.

Unlike the in Figure 2 The embodiment shown, the securing element is held centered relative to the railing plate 1 via the centered in the horizontal leg of the retaining profile 2 introduced passage opening 5, so that the nonetheless Figure 4 apparent centering aid 10 'would not be absolutely necessary at least for centering the securing element relative to the railing plates 1 or the retaining profile 2.

Nonetheless shows Figure 4 several centering aids 10 ', which in particular also serve to center a tubular sleeve 13 relative to the railing plates 1 and to the securing element. The pipe sleeves 13 are held in a defined position with respect to the neighboring components via one or two opposing extensions 14, so that the pipe sleeves 13 are always optically flawlessly positioned with respect to the neighboring components within the gap S ( Figure 1 ) between the railing plates 1 results. Hide the pipe sleeves 13 in addition, the safety elements guided therein, preferably designed as wire ropes, so that their function and structure cannot be guessed from the outside. They also protect the security elements and the system components that interact with them from vandalism.

Of course, instead of the in Figure 4 The extensions 14 shown, and depressions into which the tubular sleeves 13 can be inserted for the purpose of centering, may also be provided. The cross-sectional shape of the pipe sleeves 13 and the projections 14 or depressions adapted to them on the centering aids 10 'can be largely freely selected, so that via the centering aids 10', for example, pipe sleeves 13 with a rectangular basic cross-section in the gap S ( Figure 1 ) can be positioned between two railing plates 1 in a defined and visually pleasing position and can be held securely over the long term.

Because the tube sleeves 13 are designed as metal or plastic tubes, within which the steel cable 7, which is preferably used as part of the securing element, is guided, they help the steel cable 7, which is not independently buckling-resistant, to become rigid. This is because if the steel cable 7 that is not buckling-resistant alone is guided over the largely entire inner system height L within a pipe sleeve 13 that is suitably adapted to its diameter, the wire rope can, despite its own lack of buckling rigidity, be guided within the pipe sleeve 13 in a largely kink-resistant manner, so that it can also after assembly the retaining profiles 2 on the building structure and the pre-installation of the railing plates 1 can be inserted from above (against the direction of tensile loading) into the securing anchor 6 previously inserted into the retaining profile 2 from below.

List of reference symbols

1

Railing panels

2

Retaining profile (floor profile)

3

Handrail profile (handrail tube)

4th

Side thighs

5

Passage opening

6th

Securing anchor

7th

Steel cable

9

Blind rivet nut

10.10 '

Centering aid

11

Anchor bridge

12th

Preload screw

13th

Pipe sleeve

14th

Appendages

S.

Gap between two neighboring handrail plates

B.

Load direction

Claims (15)

1. A railing system which, when the railing is erected as intended, comprises, apart from a gap (S) between adjacent railing panels (1), a railing panel front comprising a plurality of mutually adjacent railing panels (1) which is continuous over the course of the railing,
   wherein
   the railing panels, when the railing is erected in accordance with the intended use, are inserted upright with their lower edge region in a floor profile (2), which is fastened to a structural body, and a handrail profile (3) is placed on their upper edge region, a securing element being provided which, when the railing is erected in accordance with the intended use, extends within the gap (S) between two adjacent railing panels (1) and between the handrail profile and the floor profile (2) and connects the handrail profile (3) to the floor profile (2),
   or wherein
   the railing panels, when the railing is erected in accordance with the intended use, are inserted upright with their lower edge region in a receptacle introduced into a structural body and a handrail profile (3) is placed on their upper edge region, a securing element being provided which, when the railing is erected in accordance with the intended use, extends within the gap (S) between two adjacent railing panels (1) and between the handrail profile (3) and the structural body and connects the handrail profile (3) to the structural body.
2. Railing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the securing element is formed by a rope, in particular a steel rope (7), or a rod or a tube.
3. Railing system according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that, in order to connect the securing element to the handrail profile (3), the securing element engages positively in the handrail profile (3) when the railing is erected as intended.
4. Railing system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end of the securing element facing the structural body or the floor profile (2) is anchored directly in the structural body or in the floor profile (2) when the railing is erected as intended.
5. Railing system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the end of the securing element facing the floor profile (2) is in operative connection with the floor profile (2) via a securing anchor (6) engaging in the floor profile (2) when the railing is erected as intended.
6. Railing system according to claim 5, characterized in that an anchoring point is provided on the floor profile (2), at which an undercut acting in the loading direction (B) is formed in a material region of the floor profile (2) for the purpose of positive engagement of the securing anchor (6) in the floor profile (2).
7. Railing system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a passage opening (5) through a material section forming the floor profile (2) is provided as an anchoring point for the securing anchor (6).
8. Railing system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the passage opening (5) is provided in the lower horizontal leg, facing the structure, of a floor profile (2) having a U-shaped cross-section.
9. Railing system according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the securing anchor (6) comprises an anchor bridge (11) capable of wedging in the loading direction (B) of the securing element within the floor profile (2) or the receptacle in the structural body.
10. Railing system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the anchor bridge (11) is designed in such a way that, in a first orientation, it can be introduced into the floor profile (2) or the receptacle on the structural body and, in a second orientation, engages within the floor profile (2) or the receptacle on the structural body, at least on one side, behind a material section of the floor profile (2) or the receptacle on the structural body which acts in the loading direction (B).
11. Railing system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a centering element (10) is provided, via which the securing element is held centered in the gap S existing between two adjacent railing panels (1).
12. Railing system according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that a pretensioning mechanism is provided by means of which the part of the securing element extending between the handrail profile (3) and the floor profile (2) or the receptacle in the structural body can be set to pretensioned.
13. Railing system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing element is guided in one or more tubular sleeves (13).
14. Railing system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that one or more centering aids (10') are provided, by means of which the one or more tubular sleeves (13) are held in a defined position with respect to adjacent components over an inner system height (L).
15. Railing system according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that one or more centering aids (10') are provided, by means of which a plurality of tubular sleeves (13) are connected to one another over an inner system height (L).

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