EP3233461B1 - Method and machine for producing bags - Google Patents
Method and machine for producing bags Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3233461B1 EP3233461B1 EP15820494.1A EP15820494A EP3233461B1 EP 3233461 B1 EP3233461 B1 EP 3233461B1 EP 15820494 A EP15820494 A EP 15820494A EP 3233461 B1 EP3233461 B1 EP 3233461B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pair
- bag
- cylinders
- tubular body
- separation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012421 spiking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/005—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags involving a particular layout of the machinery or relative arrangement of its subunits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/14—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming
- B31B70/146—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming using tools mounted on a drum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/14—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming
- B31B70/16—Cutting webs
- B31B70/18—Cutting webs longitudinally
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2150/00—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2150/00—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes
- B31B2150/003—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes made from tubular sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
- B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
- B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents
- B31B2160/102—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents obtained from essentially rectangular sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
- B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents
- B31B2160/106—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents obtained from sheets cut from larger sheets or webs before finishing the bag forming operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/14—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming
- B31B70/148—Cutting-out portions from the sides of webs or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/14—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming
- B31B70/16—Cutting webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/26—Folding sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B70/262—Folding sheets, blanks or webs involving longitudinally folding, i.e. along a line parallel to the direction of movement
- B31B70/266—Folding sheets, blanks or webs involving longitudinally folding, i.e. along a line parallel to the direction of movement involving gusset-forming
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing bags according to which, starting from a hose having transverse perforation lines delimiting legs of the future bag, two separation steps are carried out along the perforation lines to separate two successive bags and a waste remaining on one of the bags between the two legs. It also relates to a machine implementing said method.
- a technique which consists in forming a casing from a sheet of rolled paper, separating sections from this casing and closing one end of the section to form a bag.
- the hose can also be formed with a plastic part, for example transparent, assembled by gluing with the paper by covering the respective edges.
- the document FR 786 579 shows several examples of this technique. It shows in particular on figures 7 to 10 a manufacturing process in which the paper strip is provided at regular intervals with transverse perforation lines, with a single line in the center and two lines, respectively of opening and bottom, offset on either side with respect to the central line on each side of the sheet, the bottom line being seen as arriving after the central line in the direction of movement of the paper, the opening line being seen as arriving before the central line.
- Perforation lines connect the bottom line and the opening line to the center line at an angle.
- the hose is formed by folding each edge over the central part and gluing the two edges between them along a central junction.
- the hose thus formed passes between a pair of drive rollers which drive the hose at a constant speed.
- the hose passes between a pair of separation rollers rotating with a peripheral speed greater than that of the drive rollers before being driven to a folding device.
- One of the rollers of the pair of separation rollers is hollowed out over a large part of its periphery so as to come into contact with the other roller only intermittently. During this contact, which occurs between the opening line and the central line, the hose is tensioned between the drive rollers and the separation rollers so as to obtain the separation of a section from the hose at the level of the central perforation line and the bottom lines.
- the front part of the section which has just been separated is then gripped by the folding device which rotates with a peripheral speed greater than that of the pair of separation rollers.
- the pair of separation rollers maintains at this time the separate section between the central line and the bottom line, that is to say only the upper part of the section, so that the part of the section between the line of opening and the bottom line is separated from the section forming a waste.
- the waste is driven downwards by the lower roller of the pair of separation rollers provided for this purpose with pins which are planted in the waste between the central line and the bottom line.
- a rear tab is thus formed on the section, as is a front tab at the end of the hose. This front leg will be found on the next section.
- the front and rear legs are located on the same side of the section, that is to say at the bottom.
- the front tab is glued and folded by the folding device to close the front part of the section.
- peripheral speed ratios between the drive rollers, those of separation and the folding device are generally fixedly determined by mechanical drives from the same drive motor.
- Seizure of waste from the rear side imposes limitations on the speed of operation of the machine. Indeed, the front part of the waste can turn over because it is not maintained. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable with a long length of waste and with a high rate. When the front part turns over, it can cause the detachment of the waste which then risks getting stuck on the way of its evacuation.
- the document FR 829 591 proposes adding a pair of cylinders between the pair of separation rollers and the folding device, in order to be able to perform the separation function in place of the folding device. This document also proposes to add a pair of auxiliary rollers between the drive rollers and the separation rollers, pinching the hose only during the tearing operation.
- the document FR 1,159,929 proposes to distinguish the two separation operations by providing two stations between which takes place the separation between the section and the hose and two other stations between which the second separation takes place between the section and the waste. This arrangement tends to make the manufacturing machine bulky and expensive due to the multiplication of the number of stations. It can only be applied to a machine the dimensions of which have been designed to accommodate additional stations, which is not the case as standard.
- the invention aims to provide an alternative arrangement which simplifies the construction of the machine implementing the manufacturing process, which allows a compact machine and which facilitates the implementation of the process during adjustment according to the format of the bags to be produced. It also aims to be able to be applied to existing machines the size of which does not allow receiving additional stations. The invention also aims to solve the problem of disposing of waste at high speed.
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a bag according to which, from a hose comprising lines of transverse perforations delimiting a rear end of a first bag and at least one front tab of a second bag following the first between a central line and a bottom line, in a first step, the first and second bags are separated and, in a second step, a waste remaining on one of the bags between the rear end and the front leg, characterized in that the first and second stages are carried out between on the one hand a first pair of separation cylinders and on the other hand a second pair of separation cylinders downstream of the first pair of separation cylinders relative to the direction of travel of the hose, the waste being pinched between the central line and the bottom line between the cylinders of the first pair during the first step to be retained on the second bag, could is pinched and torn off by the second pair during the second step, the first pair of cylinders being driven by a peripheral speed lower than that of the second pair at least during the first and the second step
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce the bags according to the same principle as in the prior art, but with only two pairs of separation cylinders, while the prior art required at least one additional pair of cylinders to perform the second separation .
- the machine implementing the method according to the invention can thus be more compact since it uses the same two pairs of cylinders to carry out the two separation steps. Therefore it is less expensive by reducing the number of pairs of cylinders and by reducing the size of the machine.
- Another advantage is that the waste is carried at the front of the second bag, which makes it possible to grasp it from the front for its evacuation. Even if it is long, its evacuation is not affected, the long part being behind and not likely to turn over or come off. Indeed, in the prior art, when the waste remains attached to the rear of the first bag, the only possibility for grasping it is the rearmost part, and it becomes difficult to guide it during its evacuation, in particular in case of great length of the waste.
- the hose is driven upstream of the first pair of cylinders by a pair of drive rollers rotating at constant peripheral speed called the reference speed, the peripheral speed of the first pair of cylinders being less than the speed of reference during the first and second stage.
- the hose is thus retained by the first pair of cylinders, the part of the hose between the pair of drive rollers and the first pair of cylinders being relaxed and until sometimes can temporarily form a ripple. This possible ripple is subsequently absorbed when the first pair of cylinders no longer pinches the hose.
- the speed of at least one of the cylinders of the first pair of cylinders is adjusted between the second and the first step so that the clamping of the waste between the cylinders of the first pair is synchronized with the clamping and the tearing of the first bag by the second pair of cylinders.
- the length of the bag must be adjustable on the machine.
- the length of hose which runs between the pinching on the bag during the first and then the second step corresponds substantially to the distance between the first and the second pair of cylinders.
- the pinching by the first pair of cylinders takes place at the level of the waste between the central line and the bottom line, to maintain it with the second bag.
- the pinching during the second step takes place when the waste maintained on the second bag is at the level of the second pair of cylinders, therefore after a course of a substantially fixed distance, which does not depend on the length of the bag.
- the interval between the tightening of the second step and that of the first step for the next bag is a function of the length of the bag. It may therefore be advantageous to adjust the speed of rotation of the first pair of cylinders between the second and the first step to adapt the cycle to the length of the bag.
- the rotation speed of the cylinders is adjusted, for example, by the use of a controlled synchronous electric motor.
- the means for adjusting the speed of the first pair of cylinders can also be used to adapt the peripheral speed during the first and second stages so as to limit the difference with the speed of travel of the hose.
- the end of the hose has very little delay after the first separation step with respect to the normal travel, and it is then not necessary to provide take-up rollers downstream of the first pair of cylinders.
- the speed difference can be adjusted for each type of production, depending on the size of the bags and the nature of the casing material.
- the speed of at least one of the cylinders of the second pair of cylinders is adjusted between the second and the first step so that the tightening of the first bag between the cylinders of the second pair is synchronized with the pinching of the waste from the first pair of cylinders.
- the peripheral speed of the second pair of cylinders is always higher than the peripheral speed of the first pair of cylinders during the first and second stages, but evolves freely between the stages and can be faster and slower than the first cylinders and may be different depending on the size of the bags.
- the perforation lines further delimit a rear tab at the rear end of the first bag opposite the front tab of the second bag.
- the invention also relates to a bag making machine comprising means for forming a hose comprising lines of transverse perforations delimiting a rear end of a first bag and at least one front tab of a second bag according to the first, separation means for, in a first step, to separate the first and the second bag and, in a second step, to separate a waste remaining on one of the bags between the rear end and the front tab, the machine being characterized in that the separation means comprise a first pair of separation cylinders, driven by first drive means, and a second pair of separation cylinders, driven by second drive means, the separation means being configured to pinch the waste between the cylinders of the first pair during the first step and retain it on the second bag while the first bag is pinched between the second e pair of separation cylinders, and to pinch the waste and tear it off with the cylinders of the second pair during the second step while the second bag is pinched between the first pair of separation cylinders, the first and second means drive imparting a peripheral speed to the first pair of cylinders
- a main cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders comprises gripping means for gripping the waste during the second step.
- the gripping means make it possible to carry the waste in the rotation of the cylinder which comprises these means. These are conventionally a row of pins, but it can also be a suction cup or an adherent surface. Other means are provided for then removing the waste from the gripping means.
- the main cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders comprises a bar for pinching the hose, the gripping means being retractable so as to be retracted during the first step.
- the same bar performs the tightening during the first and the second step, which requires that the gripping means be retracted during the tightening of the first step.
- the main cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders comprises a first tear-off bar for pinching the hose during the first step and a second tear-off bar for pinching the hose during the second step, the gripping means being arranged in the environment of the second tear bar.
- Each of the bars is dedicated to one of the stages, which makes it possible to carry out the two stages during a rotation cycle of the main cylinder.
- the main cylinder of the second pair of cylinders comprises at least two tear-off bars, the gripping means being arranged in the environment of all the tear-off bars or of a tear-off bar out of two to pinch the hose during the first stage with a bar not fitted with a gripping device or whose gripping system is retracted and a second pull-out bar with a functional gripping device to pinch the hose during the second step and grab the waste.
- the second drive means it is possible using the second drive means to carry out the pinching steps for the first step either with the same bars or with bars different from those used during the second step.
- the two stages can be carried out, depending on the settings adopted, in less than one revolution of the main cylinder, one revolution or even more than one revolution, which allows a high rate over the entire range of formats.
- the tear-off bars can be arranged regularly or offset differently.
- a main cylinder of the first pair of separation cylinders comprises a retaining bar for pinching the hose during the first and the second step. Tightening on the bar is limited to carrying out the separation steps, which leaves the possibility of giving the main cylinder which carries it or the pair of cylinders an unconstrained speed of rotation outside these steps.
- the same bar is used for the first and for the second stage, which allows a compact production with a small diameter for the first pair of cylinders.
- a main cylinder of the first pair of separation cylinders comprises a first holding bar for pinching the hose during the first step and a second holding bar for pinching the hose during the second step.
- the two stages are carried out during the same revolution of the main cylinder, which allows a high rate.
- the two retaining bars can be arranged opposite one another or offset differently.
- a counter-cylinder of the first or of the second pair of cylinders comprises an eroded zone, the corresponding drive means being configurable so that the first tear-off bar or the second tear-off bar is opposite the area eroded intermittently during the rotation of the main cylinder.
- the eroded area can take the form of a groove, a flat or any other form locally reducing the radius of the cylinder and extending along a generatrix of the cylinder.
- the counter-cylinder may include several eroded zones.
- a machine is shown schematically on the figure 1 . It successively comprises, in the direction of unwinding, a reeling device 1 receiving a strip of paper 2 on a reel to unwind it, a punching station 3 for making perforations transversely on the paper strip 2 which is unwinding, a training station for 'a hose 4, separation means 5 for separating the hose 20 into successive bag blanks, a folding device 6 to form the bottom of each bag and a receiving table 7 for stacking the bags produced.
- the hose formation station 4 ends with a pair of drive rollers 40 rotating at a constant peripheral speed called the reference speed.
- the machine further comprises means of transport, not shown, arranged between the different stations to guide and transport the hose 20 or the blanks between the stations. Only the separation means 5 are modified in the context of this invention, the other equipment will therefore not be described in detail.
- the hose 20 shown has gussets 21, but it should be understood that the invention also applies to a hose 20 simple, for bags provided without gussets.
- the hose 20 has an upper face 22 facing a lower face 23, the faces 22, 23 being connected together by the side gussets 21.
- the hose 20 is produced by gluing together the edges of the original paper strip 2, the superimposed edges being found substantially in the middle 24 of the upper face 22.
- the hose 20 is intended to be separated into a first bag 27, a waste 26 and a second bag 28 following the first bag 27, knowing that in the next cycle, the first bag 27 will be replaced by the second bag 28 and so on.
- the first bag 27 has a rear tab 232 coming from the lower face 23 of the hose 20, and delimited by a central line 233 in the transverse direction and two oblique lines 234 joining the gussets 21.
- the gussets 21 and the upper face 22 are cut at the same transverse level with an opening line 235 from which the rear tab 232 projects rearwards.
- the second bag 28 has a front tab 231 coming from the lower face 23 of the hose 20, and delimited by the central line 233 in the transverse direction and two oblique lines 234 joining the gussets 21.
- the gussets 21 and the upper face 22 are cut at the same transverse level of a bottom line 236 from which the front tab 231 projects forward.
- the part of the hose 20 delimited between the oblique lines 234 and between the bottom 236 and opening 235 lines on the upper face 22 forms the waste 26 which will be extracted.
- the rear tab 232 of the first bag 27 is thus opposite the front tab 231 of the second bag 28.
- the perforation station 3 performs perforations over the entire width of the paper strip 2, at regular intervals.
- the perforations extend along the central line 233, oblique lines 234, the opening line 235 and the bottom line 236 delimiting the bags on the upper face 22 and the gussets 21.
- the separation means 5 of the manufacturing machine comprise a first pair of separation cylinders 51 driven by first drive means 53, and a second pair of separation cylinders 52, driven by second drive means 54.
- the cylinders of the same pair in the upper part rotate at the same peripheral speed as the cylinders in the lower part but in opposite directions, so as to accompany the passage of the hose 20 between them.
- the first pair of separating cylinders 51 comprises a first retaining bar 511 and a second retaining bar 512.
- the second pair of separating cylinders 52 comprises a first tearing bar 521 and a second tearing bar 522
- the holding bars 511, 512 and tearing bars 521, 522 are fixed to the main cylinder of the corresponding pair, in this case on the cylinder facing the upper face 22 of the hose 20, in a direction of generator of the cylinder and forms a protruding part relative to the surface of the cylinder, so as to form a clamp which clamps the hose when the bar passes opposite the other cylinder, called a counter-cylinder.
- the counter cylinders are smooth.
- Gripping means 523 in the form of a row of pins are arranged near the second tear-off bar 522.
- the process implemented by the machine will now be described, starting with an arbitrary position, knowing that each position is also found in the next cycle.
- the process is a succession of cycles, a bag being produced for each cycle.
- first and the second bag 27, 28 are in one piece in the extension of the hose 20.
- the first bag 27 is located between the cylinders of the second pair of cylinders 52 while the second bag 28 is located upstream of the first pair of cylinders 51.
- the hose 20 moves in the direction of arrow F1, namely from the first pair of cylinders 51 to the second pair of cylinders 52.
- the pairs of cylinders 51, 52 driven by the first and second drive means 53, 54, bring the first retaining bar 511 into contact with the front tab 231 of the second bag 28 and the waste 26 by pinching them between the central line 233 and the bottom line 236 while the first tear-off bar 521 comes into contact with the upper and lower faces 22, 23 of the second bag 28 by pinching them.
- each pair of cylinders 51, 52 namely a peripheral speed lower than the reference speed for the first pair of cylinders 51, induce traction between the first and the second bag 27, 28 so as to obtain their separation along the perforations of the central line 233, the opening line 235 and the oblique lines 236 connecting them, as shown on the Figures 6 and 7 .
- the rear tab 232 of the first bag 27 is thus formed.
- the waste 26 remains attached to the second bag 28.
- the differential peripheral speeds of each pair of cylinders induce a traction between the waste 26 and the second bag 28 so as to obtain their separation along the oblique perforation lines 234 and bottom 236, as shown on the figures 12 and 13 .
- the front tab 231 of the second bag 28 is thus formed.
- the waste 26 is rammed forward by the gripping means 523 and removed with the rotation of the main cylinder, in a manner known per se.
- the folding device 6 glues and then flaps the front tab 231 on the upper face 22 in order to close the end of the bag.
- This device is conventional and is not described in more detail here.
- the bars do not exert any clamping on the other cylinder of the pair. Also, these periods without position constraint are used to accelerate or slow down the rotational speeds of the cylinders so that the following toe-in occurs at the chosen time with respect to the position of the hose 20 and at the desired speed. These speed adjustments are adapted for each length of bag.
- a diagram represents on a first curve c1 the peripheral position of the first pair of cylinders as a function of the scrolling of the rod, on a second curve c2 the peripheral position of the second pair of cylinders and on a third curve the reference position cR for the sausage.
- the curves c1 and c2 are synchronous, the peripheral speed of the second pair of cylinders 52 being greater than that of the first 51.
- the speeds, corresponding to the slopes of the curves are such that the speed of the first curve c1 is lower than the speed of the second curve c2 and that of the reference curve cR to achieve the separation between the first and the second bag.
- the cylinders in the lower part rotate at a constant speed and only the speed of the cylinders which carry the bars are adjusted. It follows a lower inertia of the mobile part which undergoes accelerations. It is however necessary to provide at least one other engine for the counter-cylinders.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described.
- the bars can be arranged in pairs on both of the cylinders of the same pair. It is also possible to provide only one bar per pair of cylinders, the cylinders performing two rotations per cycle to carry out the pinching for both the first and the second step. This solution can be applied to one or both pairs of cylinders. When it applies to the second pair of cylinders, the gripping means must be retractable so as to be active only during the second step.
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Description
La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de fabrication de sacs selon lequel, à partir d'un boyau comportant des lignes de perforations transversales délimitant des pattes du futur sac, on procède à deux étapes de séparation le long des lignes de perforations pour séparer deux sacs successifs et un déchet restant sur l'un des sacs entre les deux pattes. Elle concerne également une machine mettant en œuvre ledit procédé.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing bags according to which, starting from a hose having transverse perforation lines delimiting legs of the future bag, two separation steps are carried out along the perforation lines to separate two successive bags and a waste remaining on one of the bags between the two legs. It also relates to a machine implementing said method.
Pour former industriellement des sacs, en particulier en papier, on connaît une technique consistant à former un boyau à partir d'une feuille de papier en rouleau, à séparer des tronçons à partir de ce boyau et à fermer l'une des extrémités du tronçon pour former un sac. Le boyau peut aussi être constitué avec une partie en matière plastique, par exemple transparente, assemblée par collage avec le papier par recouvrement des bords respectifs.To form bags industrially, in particular out of paper, a technique is known which consists in forming a casing from a sheet of rolled paper, separating sections from this casing and closing one end of the section to form a bag. The hose can also be formed with a plastic part, for example transparent, assembled by gluing with the paper by covering the respective edges.
Le document
Il existe un cas particulier d'un sac sans patte arrière pour laquelle la ligne d'ouverture traverse toute la bande de papier et est décalée de la ligne centrale.There is a particular case of a bag without a rear tab for which the opening line crosses the entire strip of paper and is offset from the center line.
Le boyau est formé en repliant chaque bord par-dessus la partie centrale et en collant entre eux les deux bords le long d'une jonction centrale. Le boyau ainsi formé passe entre une paire de galets d'entraînement qui entraînent le boyau à une vitesse constante. Le boyau passe entre une paire de galets de séparation tournant avec une vitesse périphérique supérieure à celle des galets d'entraînement avant d'être entraîné vers un dispositif de pliage. L'un des galets de la paire de galets de séparation est évidé sur une grande partie de sa périphérie de sorte à n'entrer en contact avec l'autre galet que par intermittence. Lors de ce contact, qui se produit entre la ligne d'ouverture et la ligne centrale, le boyau est mis en tension entre les galets d'entraînement et les galets de séparation de manière à obtenir la séparation d'un tronçon issu du boyau au niveau de la ligne de perforation centrale et des lignes de fond. La partie avant du tronçon qui vient d'être séparée est alors saisie par le dispositif de pliage qui tourne avec une vitesse périphérique supérieure à celle de la paire de galets de séparation. La paire de galets de séparation maintient à ce moment le tronçon séparé entre la ligne centrale et la ligne de fond, c'est-à-dire uniquement la partie supérieure du tronçon, de telle sorte que la partie du tronçon entre la ligne d'ouverture et la ligne de fond est séparée du tronçon en formant un déchet. Le déchet est entraîné vers le bas par le galet inférieur de la paire de galets de séparation muni à cet effet de picots qui se plantent dans le déchet entre la ligne centrale et la ligne de fond. Une patte arrière est ainsi formée sur le tronçon, de même qu'une patte avant à l'extrémité du boyau. Cette patte avant se retrouvera sur le tronçon suivant. Les pattes avant et arrière sont situées du même côté du tronçon, c'est-à-dire en partie inférieure. La patte avant est encollée et repliée par le dispositif de pliage pour fermer la partie avant du tronçon.The hose is formed by folding each edge over the central part and gluing the two edges between them along a central junction. The hose thus formed passes between a pair of drive rollers which drive the hose at a constant speed. The hose passes between a pair of separation rollers rotating with a peripheral speed greater than that of the drive rollers before being driven to a folding device. One of the rollers of the pair of separation rollers is hollowed out over a large part of its periphery so as to come into contact with the other roller only intermittently. During this contact, which occurs between the opening line and the central line, the hose is tensioned between the drive rollers and the separation rollers so as to obtain the separation of a section from the hose at the level of the central perforation line and the bottom lines. The front part of the section which has just been separated is then gripped by the folding device which rotates with a peripheral speed greater than that of the pair of separation rollers. The pair of separation rollers maintains at this time the separate section between the central line and the bottom line, that is to say only the upper part of the section, so that the part of the section between the line of opening and the bottom line is separated from the section forming a waste. The waste is driven downwards by the lower roller of the pair of separation rollers provided for this purpose with pins which are planted in the waste between the central line and the bottom line. A rear tab is thus formed on the section, as is a front tab at the end of the hose. This front leg will be found on the next section. The front and rear legs are located on the same side of the section, that is to say at the bottom. The front tab is glued and folded by the folding device to close the front part of the section.
Les rapports de vitesse périphérique entre les galets d'entraînement, ceux de séparation et le dispositif de pliage sont en général déterminés de manière fixe par des entraînements mécaniques à partir d'un même moteur d'entraînement.The peripheral speed ratios between the drive rollers, those of separation and the folding device are generally fixedly determined by mechanical drives from the same drive motor.
La saisie du déchet du côté de l'arrière impose des limitations dans la vitesse de fonctionnement de la machine. En effet, la partie avant du déchet peut se retourner car elle n'est pas maintenue. Ce phénomène est particulièrement sensiblement avec une grande longueur de déchet et avec une cadence élevée. Lorsque la partie avant se retourne, elle peut entraîner le détachement du déchet qui risque alors de se coincer sur le chemin de son évacuation.Seizure of waste from the rear side imposes limitations on the speed of operation of the machine. Indeed, the front part of the waste can turn over because it is not maintained. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable with a long length of waste and with a high rate. When the front part turns over, it can cause the detachment of the waste which then risks getting stuck on the way of its evacuation.
Des variantes ont été apportées à cette technique. Le document
Le document
Il a par ailleurs été proposé d'ajouter une paire de galets de rattrapage disposée en aval de la paire de cylindres de séparation, entraînée en survitesse par rapport à la vitesse du boyau. Ceci permet de saisir l'extrémité avant du boyau après la séparation et de rattraper l'éventuel retard que l'extrémité a pu prendre du fait de la retenue par la paire de cylindre de séparation. Cependant, une fois le rattrapage effectué, la survitesse induit un frottement des galets de rattrapage sur le boyau et une usure desdits galets qui peut être rapide.It has also been proposed to add a pair of take-up rollers disposed downstream of the pair of separation cylinders, driven in overspeed relative to the speed of the hose. This makes it possible to grasp the front end of the hose after the separation and to make up for any delay that the end may have had due to the retention by the pair of separation cylinders. However, once the take-up has been carried out, the overspeed induces friction of the take-up rollers on the hose and wear of said rollers which can be rapid.
Le document
L'invention vise à fournir une disposition alternative qui simplifie la construction de la machine mettant en œuvre le procédé de fabrication, qui permette une machine compacte et qui facilite la mise en œuvre du procédé lors du réglage en fonction du format des sacs à réaliser. Elle vise également à pouvoir s'appliquer sur des machines existantes dont la dimension ne permet pas de recevoir de stations supplémentaires. L'invention vise aussi à résoudre le problème d'évacuation du déchet à haute cadence.The invention aims to provide an alternative arrangement which simplifies the construction of the machine implementing the manufacturing process, which allows a compact machine and which facilitates the implementation of the process during adjustment according to the format of the bags to be produced. It also aims to be able to be applied to existing machines the size of which does not allow receiving additional stations. The invention also aims to solve the problem of disposing of waste at high speed.
Avec ces objectifs en vue, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'un sac selon lequel, à partir d'un boyau comportant des lignes de perforations transversales délimitant une extrémité arrière d'un premier sac et au moins une patte avant d'un deuxième sac suivant le premier entre une ligne centrale et une ligne de fond, on procède dans une première étape à une séparation du premier et du deuxième sac et, dans une deuxième étape, on sépare un déchet restant sur l'un des sacs entre l'extrémité arrière et la patte avant, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise la première et la deuxième étape entre d'une part une première paire de cylindres de séparation et d'autre part une deuxième paire de cylindres de séparation en aval de la première paire de cylindres de séparation par rapport au sens de défilement du boyau, le déchet étant pincé entre la ligne centrale et la ligne de fond entre les cylindres de la première paire lors de la première étape pour être retenu sur le deuxième sac, puis pincé et arraché par la deuxième paire lors de la deuxième étape, la première paire de cylindres étant animée d'une vitesse périphérique inférieure à celle de la deuxième paire au moins pendant la première et la deuxième étape.With these objectives in view, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a bag according to which, from a hose comprising lines of transverse perforations delimiting a rear end of a first bag and at least one front tab of a second bag following the first between a central line and a bottom line, in a first step, the first and second bags are separated and, in a second step, a waste remaining on one of the bags between the rear end and the front leg, characterized in that the first and second stages are carried out between on the one hand a first pair of separation cylinders and on the other hand a second pair of separation cylinders downstream of the first pair of separation cylinders relative to the direction of travel of the hose, the waste being pinched between the central line and the bottom line between the cylinders of the first pair during the first step to be retained on the second bag, could is pinched and torn off by the second pair during the second step, the first pair of cylinders being driven by a peripheral speed lower than that of the second pair at least during the first and the second step.
Le procédé selon l'invention permet de réaliser les sacs selon le même principe que dans l'art antérieur, mais avec seulement deux paires de cylindres de séparation, alors que la technique antérieure nécessitait au moins une paire supplémentaire de cylindres pour réaliser la deuxième séparation. La machine mettant en œuvre le procédé selon l'invention peut ainsi être plus compacte puisqu'elle utilise les deux mêmes paires de cylindres pour réaliser les deux étapes de séparation. De ce fait elle est moins onéreuse par la réduction du nombre de paires de cylindres et par la réduction de la taille de la machine. Un autre avantage est que le déchet est porté à l'avant du deuxième sac, ce qui permet de le saisir par l'avant pour son évacuation. Même s'il est long, son évacuation n'en est pas affectée, la partie longue se trouvant en arrière et ne risquant pas de se retourner ni de se détacher. En effet, dans l'art antérieur, lorsque le déchet reste attaché à l'arrière du premier sac, la seule possibilité pour le saisir est la partie la plus en arrière, et il devient difficile de le guider pendant son évacuation, en particulier en cas de grande longueur du déchet.The method according to the invention makes it possible to produce the bags according to the same principle as in the prior art, but with only two pairs of separation cylinders, while the prior art required at least one additional pair of cylinders to perform the second separation . The machine implementing the method according to the invention can thus be more compact since it uses the same two pairs of cylinders to carry out the two separation steps. Therefore it is less expensive by reducing the number of pairs of cylinders and by reducing the size of the machine. Another advantage is that the waste is carried at the front of the second bag, which makes it possible to grasp it from the front for its evacuation. Even if it is long, its evacuation is not affected, the long part being behind and not likely to turn over or come off. Indeed, in the prior art, when the waste remains attached to the rear of the first bag, the only possibility for grasping it is the rearmost part, and it becomes difficult to guide it during its evacuation, in particular in case of great length of the waste.
Selon une disposition originale, on entraîne le boyau en amont de la première paire de cylindres par une paire de rouleaux d'entraînement tournant à vitesse périphérique constante dite vitesse de référence, la vitesse périphérique de la première paire de cylindres étant inférieure à la vitesse de référence pendant la première et la deuxième étape. Lors de chaque étape, le boyau est ainsi retenu par la première paire de cylindres, la partie du boyau entre la paire de rouleaux d'entraînement et la première paire de cylindres se trouvant détendue et jusqu'à quelquefois pouvoir former temporairement une ondulation. Cette éventuelle ondulation est absorbée par la suite lorsque la première paire de cylindres ne pince plus le boyau.According to an original arrangement, the hose is driven upstream of the first pair of cylinders by a pair of drive rollers rotating at constant peripheral speed called the reference speed, the peripheral speed of the first pair of cylinders being less than the speed of reference during the first and second stage. During each step, the hose is thus retained by the first pair of cylinders, the part of the hose between the pair of drive rollers and the first pair of cylinders being relaxed and until sometimes can temporarily form a ripple. This possible ripple is subsequently absorbed when the first pair of cylinders no longer pinches the hose.
Selon une autre disposition, la vitesse d'au moins l'un des cylindres de la première paire de cylindres est ajustée entre la deuxième et la première étape pour que le serrage du déchet entre les cylindres de la première paire soit synchronisé avec le serrage et l'arrachement du premier sac par la deuxième paire de cylindres. La longueur du sac doit pouvoir être ajustée sur la machine. Cependant, la longueur de boyau qui défile entre le pincement sur le sac lors de la première puis de la deuxième étape correspond sensiblement à la distance entre la première et la deuxième paire de cylindres. En effet, lors de la première étape, le pincement par la première paire de cylindres a lieu au niveau du déchet entre la ligne centrale et la ligne de fond, pour le maintenir avec le deuxième sac. Le pincement lors de la deuxième étape a lieu lorsque le déchet maintenu sur le deuxième sac est au niveau de la deuxième paire de cylindres, donc après un parcours d'une distance sensiblement fixe, qui ne dépend pas de la longueur du sac. Par contre, l'intervalle entre le serrage de la deuxième étape et celui de la première étape pour le sac suivant est fonction de la longueur du sac. Il peut être donc intéressant d'ajuster la vitesse de rotation de la première paire de cylindres entre la deuxième et la première étape pour adapter le cycle à la longueur du sac. L'ajustement de la vitesse de rotation des cylindres est réalisé par exemple par l'utilisation d'un moteur électrique synchrone asservi. Les moyens d'ajustage de la vitesse de la première paire de cylindres peuvent également être mis à profit pour adapter la vitesse périphérique lors de la première et la deuxième étape de manière à limiter l'écart avec la vitesse de défilement du boyau. Ainsi, l'extrémité du boyau a très peu de retard après la première étape de séparation par rapport au défilement normal, et il n'est alors pas nécessaire de prévoir des galets de rattrapage en aval de la première paire de cylindres. L'écart de vitesse peut être ajusté à chaque type de production, en fonction du format des sacs et de la nature du matériau du boyau.According to another arrangement, the speed of at least one of the cylinders of the first pair of cylinders is adjusted between the second and the first step so that the clamping of the waste between the cylinders of the first pair is synchronized with the clamping and the tearing of the first bag by the second pair of cylinders. The length of the bag must be adjustable on the machine. However, the length of hose which runs between the pinching on the bag during the first and then the second step corresponds substantially to the distance between the first and the second pair of cylinders. In fact, during the first step, the pinching by the first pair of cylinders takes place at the level of the waste between the central line and the bottom line, to maintain it with the second bag. The pinching during the second step takes place when the waste maintained on the second bag is at the level of the second pair of cylinders, therefore after a course of a substantially fixed distance, which does not depend on the length of the bag. On the other hand, the interval between the tightening of the second step and that of the first step for the next bag is a function of the length of the bag. It may therefore be advantageous to adjust the speed of rotation of the first pair of cylinders between the second and the first step to adapt the cycle to the length of the bag. The rotation speed of the cylinders is adjusted, for example, by the use of a controlled synchronous electric motor. The means for adjusting the speed of the first pair of cylinders can also be used to adapt the peripheral speed during the first and second stages so as to limit the difference with the speed of travel of the hose. Thus, the end of the hose has very little delay after the first separation step with respect to the normal travel, and it is then not necessary to provide take-up rollers downstream of the first pair of cylinders. The speed difference can be adjusted for each type of production, depending on the size of the bags and the nature of the casing material.
De manière similaire, la vitesse d'au moins l'un des cylindres de la deuxième paire de cylindres est ajustée entre la deuxième et la première étape pour que le serrage du premier sac entre les cylindres de la deuxième paire soit synchronisé avec le pincement du déchet par la première paire de cylindres. La vitesse périphérique de la deuxième paire de cylindres est toujours supérieure à la vitesse périphérique de la première paire de cylindres lors de la première et la deuxième étape, mais évolue librement entre les étapes et pourra être plus rapide comme plus lente que les premiers cylindres et pourra être différente selon les formats des sacs.Similarly, the speed of at least one of the cylinders of the second pair of cylinders is adjusted between the second and the first step so that the tightening of the first bag between the cylinders of the second pair is synchronized with the pinching of the waste from the first pair of cylinders. The peripheral speed of the second pair of cylinders is always higher than the peripheral speed of the first pair of cylinders during the first and second stages, but evolves freely between the stages and can be faster and slower than the first cylinders and may be different depending on the size of the bags.
Selon une application du procédé, les lignes de perforations délimitent en outre une patte arrière à l'extrémité arrière du premier sac en regard de la patte avant du deuxième sac.According to one application of the method, the perforation lines further delimit a rear tab at the rear end of the first bag opposite the front tab of the second bag.
L'invention a aussi pour objet une machine de fabrication de sacs comportant des moyens de formation d'un boyau comportant des lignes de perforations transversales délimitant une extrémité arrière d'un premier sac et au moins une patte avant d'un deuxième sac suivant le premier, des moyens de séparation pour, dans une première étape, réaliser une séparation du premier et du deuxième sac et, dans une deuxième étape, séparer un déchet restant sur l'un des sacs entre l'extrémité arrière et la patte avant, la machine étant caractérisée en ce que les moyens de séparation comportent une première paire de cylindres de séparation, entraînés par des premiers moyens d'entraînement, et une deuxième paire de cylindres de séparation, entraînés par des deuxièmes moyens d'entraînement, les moyens de séparation étant configurés pour pincer le déchet entre les cylindres de la première paire lors de la première étape et le retenir sur le deuxième sac pendant que le premier sac est pincé entre la deuxième paire de cylindres de séparation, et pour pincer le déchet et l'arracher avec les cylindres de la deuxième paire lors de la deuxième étape pendant que le deuxième sac est pincé entre la première paire de cylindres de séparation, les premiers et les deuxièmes moyens d'entraînement conférant une vitesse périphérique à la première paire de cylindres inférieure à celle de la deuxième paire au moins pendant la première et la deuxième étape.The invention also relates to a bag making machine comprising means for forming a hose comprising lines of transverse perforations delimiting a rear end of a first bag and at least one front tab of a second bag according to the first, separation means for, in a first step, to separate the first and the second bag and, in a second step, to separate a waste remaining on one of the bags between the rear end and the front tab, the machine being characterized in that the separation means comprise a first pair of separation cylinders, driven by first drive means, and a second pair of separation cylinders, driven by second drive means, the separation means being configured to pinch the waste between the cylinders of the first pair during the first step and retain it on the second bag while the first bag is pinched between the second e pair of separation cylinders, and to pinch the waste and tear it off with the cylinders of the second pair during the second step while the second bag is pinched between the first pair of separation cylinders, the first and second means drive imparting a peripheral speed to the first pair of cylinders lower than that of the second pair at least during the first and the second step.
Selon une caractéristique complémentaire, un cylindre principal de la deuxième paire de cylindres de séparation comporte des moyens d'agrippement pour saisir le déchet lors de la deuxième étape. Les moyens d'agrippement permettent d'emporter le déchet dans la rotation du cylindre qui comporte ces moyens. Ce sont classiquement une rangée de picots, mais ce peut être aussi une ventouse ou une surface adhérente. D'autres moyens sont prévus pour retirer ensuite le déchet hors des moyens d'agrippement.According to an additional characteristic, a main cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders comprises gripping means for gripping the waste during the second step. The gripping means make it possible to carry the waste in the rotation of the cylinder which comprises these means. These are conventionally a row of pins, but it can also be a suction cup or an adherent surface. Other means are provided for then removing the waste from the gripping means.
Selon une première disposition, le cylindre principal de la deuxième paire de cylindres de séparation comporte une barrette pour pincer le boyau, les moyens d'agrippement étant escamotables pour être escamotés lors de la première étape. La même barrette effectue le serrage lors de la première et de la deuxième étape, ce qui nécessite que les moyens d'agrippement soient escamotés lors du serrage de la première étape. Cette disposition permet de réaliser le cylindre principal avec un petit diamètre, ce qui permet d'optimiser l'encombrement et de réduire la taille minimale des sacs.According to a first arrangement, the main cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders comprises a bar for pinching the hose, the gripping means being retractable so as to be retracted during the first step. The same bar performs the tightening during the first and the second step, which requires that the gripping means be retracted during the tightening of the first step. This arrangement makes it possible to produce the main cylinder with a small diameter, which makes it possible to optimize the bulk and to reduce the minimum size of the bags.
Selon une deuxième disposition, le cylindre principal de la deuxième paire de cylindres de séparation comporte une première barrette d'arrachement pour pincer le boyau lors de la première étape et une deuxième barrette d'arrachement pour pincer le boyau lors de la deuxième étape, les moyens d'agrippement étant disposés dans l'environnement de la deuxième barrette d'arrachement. Chacune des barrettes est dédiée à l'une des étapes, ce qui permet de réaliser les deux étapes lors d'un cycle de rotation du cylindre principal. Une telle disposition permet d'obtenir des cadences élevées et permet de se dispenser du mécanisme d'escamotage des moyens d'agrippement.According to a second arrangement, the main cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders comprises a first tear-off bar for pinching the hose during the first step and a second tear-off bar for pinching the hose during the second step, the gripping means being arranged in the environment of the second tear bar. Each of the bars is dedicated to one of the stages, which makes it possible to carry out the two stages during a rotation cycle of the main cylinder. Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain high rates and makes it possible to dispense with the retraction mechanism of the gripping means.
Selon une autre disposition constructive, le cylindre principal de la deuxième paire de cylindres comporte au moins deux barrettes d'arrachement, les moyens d'agrippement étant disposés dans l'environnement de toutes les barrettes d'arrachement ou d'une barrette d'arrachement sur deux pour pincer le boyau pendant la première étape avec une barrette non pourvue de dispositif d'agrippement ou dont le système d'agrippement est escamoté et une deuxième barrette d'arrachement avec un dispositif d'agrippement opérationnel pour pincer le boyau pendant la deuxième étape et agripper le déchet. Dans cette disposition, il est possible à l'aide des deuxièmes moyens d'entraînement de réaliser les étapes de pincement pour la première étape soit avec les mêmes barrettes soit avec des barrettes différentes de celles utilisées lors de la deuxième étape. Les deux étapes peuvent être réalisées, selon les réglages adoptés, en moins d'un tour du cylindre principal, un tour ou même plus d'un tour, ce qui permet une grande cadence sur l'ensemble de la gamme de format. Les barrettes d'arrachement peuvent être disposées de façon régulière ou décalées différemment.According to another constructive arrangement, the main cylinder of the second pair of cylinders comprises at least two tear-off bars, the gripping means being arranged in the environment of all the tear-off bars or of a tear-off bar out of two to pinch the hose during the first stage with a bar not fitted with a gripping device or whose gripping system is retracted and a second pull-out bar with a functional gripping device to pinch the hose during the second step and grab the waste. In this arrangement, it is possible using the second drive means to carry out the pinching steps for the first step either with the same bars or with bars different from those used during the second step. The two stages can be carried out, depending on the settings adopted, in less than one revolution of the main cylinder, one revolution or even more than one revolution, which allows a high rate over the entire range of formats. The tear-off bars can be arranged regularly or offset differently.
Selon une disposition constructive, un cylindre principal de la première paire de cylindres de séparation comporte une barrette de maintien pour pincer le boyau pendant la première et la deuxième étape. Le serrage sur la barrette est limité à la réalisation des étapes de séparation, ce qui laisse la possibilité de conférer au cylindre principal qui le porte ou à la paire de cylindres une vitesse de rotation sans contrainte en dehors de ces étapes. La même barrette est utilisée pour la première et pour la deuxième étape, ce qui permet une réalisation compacte avec un petit diamètre pour la première paire de cylindres.According to a constructive arrangement, a main cylinder of the first pair of separation cylinders comprises a retaining bar for pinching the hose during the first and the second step. Tightening on the bar is limited to carrying out the separation steps, which leaves the possibility of giving the main cylinder which carries it or the pair of cylinders an unconstrained speed of rotation outside these steps. The same bar is used for the first and for the second stage, which allows a compact production with a small diameter for the first pair of cylinders.
Selon une autre disposition constructive, un cylindre principal de la première paire de cylindres de séparation comporte une première barrette de maintien pour pincer le boyau pendant la première étape et une deuxième barrette de maintien pour pincer le boyau pendant la deuxième étape. Les deux étapes sont réalisées lors du même tour de révolution du cylindre principal, ce qui permet une grande cadence. Les deux barrettes de maintien peuvent être disposées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre ou décalées différemment.According to another constructive arrangement, a main cylinder of the first pair of separation cylinders comprises a first holding bar for pinching the hose during the first step and a second holding bar for pinching the hose during the second step. The two stages are carried out during the same revolution of the main cylinder, which allows a high rate. The two retaining bars can be arranged opposite one another or offset differently.
Dans une variante, un contre-cylindre de la première ou de la deuxième paire de cylindres comporte une zone érodée, les moyens d'entraînement correspondant étant configurables pour que la première barrette d'arrachement ou la deuxième barrette d'arrachement soit en regard de la zone érodée par intermittence lors de la rotation du cylindre principal. On donne ainsi de nombreuses possibilités de réglage, en permettant de réaliser au moins un passage de l'une des barrettes en regard du contre-cylindre sans qu'elle soit active car ne pouvant pas pincer le sac ou le boyau du fait d'être en regard de la zone érodée. La zone érodée peut prendre la forme d'une rainure, d'un méplat ou toute autre forme réduisant localement le rayon du cylindre et s'étendant le long d'une génératrice du cylindre. Le contre-cylindre pourra comporter plusieurs zones érodées.In a variant, a counter-cylinder of the first or of the second pair of cylinders comprises an eroded zone, the corresponding drive means being configurable so that the first tear-off bar or the second tear-off bar is opposite the area eroded intermittently during the rotation of the main cylinder. This gives numerous adjustment possibilities, allowing at least one passage of one of the bars opposite the counter-cylinder to be made without it being active since it cannot pinch the bag or the hose due to being next to the eroded area. The eroded area can take the form of a groove, a flat or any other form locally reducing the radius of the cylinder and extending along a generatrix of the cylinder. The counter-cylinder may include several eroded zones.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres particularités et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, la description faisant référence aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une machine mettant en œuvre le procédé selon l'invention ; - la
figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un boyau sur lequel sont représentées les limites des sacs à réaliser ; - la
figure 3 est une vue latérale du boyau de lafigure 2 ; - la
figure 4 est une vue schématique des moyens de séparation dans une position au début de la première étape de séparation ; - la
figure 5 est une vue schématique du boyau dans la position de lafigure 4 ; - les
figures 6 sont des vues similaires auxet 7figures 4 dans une position finale de l'étape 1 ;et 5 - les
figures 8 et 9 sont des vues similaires auxfigures 4 dans une position entre la première et la deuxième étape ;et 5 - les
figures 10 et 11 sont des vues similaires auxfigures 4 dans une position au début de la deuxième étape ;et 5 - les
figures 12 et 13 sont des vues similaires auxfigures 4 dans une position à la fin de la deuxième étape ;et 5 - la
figure 14 montre un diagramme temporel des vitesses de rotation d'une première et d'une deuxième paire de cylindres.
- the
figure 1 is a schematic view of a machine implementing the method according to the invention; - the
figure 2 is a perspective view of a hose on which the limits of the bags to be produced are shown; - the
figure 3 is a side view of the hose from thefigure 2 ; - the
figure 4 is a schematic view of the separation means in a position at the start of the first separation step; - the
figure 5 is a schematic view of the hose in the position of thefigure 4 ; - the
Figures 6 and 7 are views similar tofigures 4 and 5 in a final position of step 1; - the
Figures 8 and 9 are views similar tofigures 4 and 5 in a position between the first and the second step; - the
figures 10 and 11 are views similar tofigures 4 and 5 in a position at the start of the second stage; - the
figures 12 and 13 are views similar tofigures 4 and 5 in a position at the end of the second stage; - the
figure 14 shows a time diagram of the rotational speeds of a first and a second pair of cylinders.
Une machine conforme à un mode de réalisation de l'invention est montrée de manière schématique sur la
Sur les
Le deuxième sac 28 comporte une patte avant 231 issue de la face inférieure 23 du boyau 20, et délimitée par la ligne centrale 233 dans la direction transversale et deux lignes obliques 234 rejoignant les goussets 21. Les goussets 21 et la face supérieure 22 sont coupés au même niveau transversal d'une ligne de fond 236 de laquelle la patte avant 231 dépasse vers l'avant. La partie de boyau 20 délimitée entre les lignes obliques 234 et entre les lignes de fond 236 et d'ouverture 235 sur la face supérieure 22 forme le déchet 26 qui sera extrait. La patte arrière 232 du premier sac 27 est ainsi en regard de la patte avant 231 du deuxième sac 28.The
La station de perforation 3 réalise des perforations sur toute la largeur de la bande de papier 2, à intervalle régulier. Les perforations s'étendent le long de la ligne centrale 233, des lignes obliques 234, de la ligne d'ouverture 235 et de la ligne de fond 236 délimitant les sacs sur la face supérieure 22 et les goussets 21.The
En se référant à la
Le procédé mis en œuvre par la machine va maintenant être décrit en commençant par une position arbitraire, sachant que chaque position se retrouve également au cycle suivant. Le procédé est une succession de cycles, un sac étant produit pour chaque cycle.The process implemented by the machine will now be described, starting with an arbitrary position, knowing that each position is also found in the next cycle. The process is a succession of cycles, a bag being produced for each cycle.
Dans la position représentée sur les
Le défilement du boyau 20 et du premier sac 27 continue dans le sens de la flèche F1 jusqu'à la position montrée sur les
Les vitesses périphériques différentielles de chaque paire de cylindres induisent une traction entre le déchet 26 et le deuxième sac 28 de manière à obtenir leur séparation le long des lignes de perforations obliques 234 et de fond 236, comme montré sur les
Une fois le premier sac 27 séparé du boyau 20, il est transféré vers le dispositif de pliage 6 qui encolle puis rabat la patte avant 231 sur la face supérieure 22 afin de fermer l'extrémité du sac. Ce dispositif est classique et n'est pas décrit plus en détail ici.Once the
En dehors de la première et de la deuxième phase, les barrettes n'exercent pas de serrage sur l'autre cylindre de la paire. Aussi, ces périodes sans contrainte de position sont utilisées pour accélérer ou ralentir les vitesses de rotation des cylindres afin que le pincement suivant se passe au moment choisi par rapport à la position du boyau 20 et à la vitesse voulue. Ces ajustements de vitesses sont adaptés pour chaque longueur de sac.Apart from the first and second phases, the bars do not exert any clamping on the other cylinder of the pair. Also, these periods without position constraint are used to accelerate or slow down the rotational speeds of the cylinders so that the following toe-in occurs at the chosen time with respect to the position of the
On considère une machine dont les paires de cylindres 51, 52 tournent de manière synchrone, à un tour par sac produit. Les cylindres de la première paire ont un développé de 320 mm tandis que ceux de la deuxième paire ont un développé de l'ordre de 430 mm. Les contre-cylindres sont lisses tandis que le cylindre principal de chaque paire porte deux barrettes diamétralement opposée. Le rapport de développé détermine en principe le rapport des vitesses pendant la première et la deuxième phase, afin d'obtenir la séparation du boyau ou du déchet. En référence à la
Si les barrettes d'arrachement n'avaient pas une position angulaire relative identique à celle des barrettes de maintien, il serait nécessaire de faire évoluer les vitesses de rotation de chaque paire de cylindres de manière indépendante.If the tear-off bars did not have a relative angular position identical to that of the holding bars, it would be necessary to change the rotational speeds of each pair of cylinders independently.
Dans une variante, non représentée, les cylindres en partie inférieure tournent à une vitesse constante et seule la vitesse des cylindres qui portent les barrettes sont ajustées. Il s'ensuit une inertie plus faible de la partie mobile qui subit des accélérations. Il est cependant nécessaire de prévoir au moins un autre moteur pour les contre-cylindres.In a variant, not shown, the cylinders in the lower part rotate at a constant speed and only the speed of the cylinders which carry the bars are adjusted. It follows a lower inertia of the mobile part which undergoes accelerations. It is however necessary to provide at least one other engine for the counter-cylinders.
L'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit. Les barrettes peuvent être disposées par paires sur l'un et l'autre des cylindres d'une même paire. Il est également possible de ne prévoir qu'une barrette par paire de cylindres, les cylindres effectuant deux rotations par cycle pour effectuer le pincement à la fois pour la première et la deuxième étape. Cette solution peut s'appliquer à l'une des paires de cylindres ou aux deux. Lorsqu'elle s'applique à la deuxième paire de cylindres, il faut que les moyens d'agrippement soient escamotables pour n'être actifs que pendant la deuxième étape.The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described. The bars can be arranged in pairs on both of the cylinders of the same pair. It is also possible to provide only one bar per pair of cylinders, the cylinders performing two rotations per cycle to carry out the pinching for both the first and the second step. This solution can be applied to one or both pairs of cylinders. When it applies to the second pair of cylinders, the gripping means must be retractable so as to be active only during the second step.
Claims (12)
- A method for producing a bag according to which, starting from a tubular body (20) designed to be separated into a first bag (27), a waste piece (26) and a second bag (28) following the first bag (27),
the first bag (27) includes a rear tab (232) coming from a lower face (23) of the tubular body (20), and delimited by a central line (233) in the transverse direction and two diagonal lines (234) reaching lateral sides of the lower face (23) of the first bag (27);
the second bag (28) includes a front tab (231) facing the rear tab (232) of the first bag (27), coming from the lower face (23) of the tubular body (20), and delimited by the central line (233) in the transverse direction and two diagonal lines (234) reaching lateral sides of the lower face (23) of the second bag (28); an upper face (22) of the tubular body (20) and lateral sides of the second bag (28), when the tubular body (20) includes gussets (21), being cut at the same transverse level as a bottom line (236) of which the front tab (231) projects forward;
said tubular body including perforations extending along the central line (233), diagonal lines (234) of the first bag (27) and the second bag (28), the bottom line (236) delimiting the bags on the upper face (22) and the lateral sides of bags, when the tubular body (20) includes gussets (21);- a first step occurs consisting of a separation of the first and the second bag (27, 28) and;- in a second step, separating the waste piece (26) remaining on one of the bags (28) between the rear end and the front tab (231);wherein the first and the second step are accomplished between, on the one hand, a first pair of separation cylinders (51) and, on the other hand, a second pair of separation cylinders (52) downstream of the first pair of separation cylinders (51) with respect to the scrolling direction of the tubular body (20), the waste piece (26) being clamped between the central line (233) and the bottom line (236) between the cylinders of the first pair (51) during the first step to be retained on the second bag (28), then clamped and torn off by the second pair (52) during the second step, the first pair of cylinders (51) being driven with a lower peripheral speed than that of the second pair (52) at least during the first and the second step. - The production method according to claim 1, according to which the tubular body (20) is driven upstream of the first pair of cylinders (51) using a pair of drive rollers (40) turning at a constant peripheral speed, called the reference speed, the peripheral speed of the first pair of cylinders (51) being less than the reference speed during the first and the second step.
- The method according to one of claims 1 or 2, according to which the speed of at least one of the cylinders of the first pair of cylinders (51) is adjusted between the second and the first step so that the gripping of the waste piece (26) between the cylinders of the first pair (51) is synchronized with the gripping and the tearing off of the first bag (27) by the second pair of cylinders (52).
- The method according to one of the foregoing claims, according to which the speed of at least one of the cylinders of the second pair of cylinders (52) is adjusted between the second and the first step so that the gripping of the first bag (27) between the cylinders of the second pair (52) is synchronized with the clamping of the waste piece (26) by the first pair of cylinders (51).
- A machine for producing bags including means for forming a tubular body (20)) designed to be separated into a first bag (27), a waste piece (26) and a second bag (28) following the first bag (27),
the first bag (27) includes a rear tab (232) coming from a lower face (232) of the tubular body (20), and delimited by a central line (233) in the transverse direction and two diagonal lines (234) reaching lateral sides of the lower face (23) of the first bag (27);
the second bag (28) includes a front tab (231) facing the rear tab (23) of the first bag (27), coming from the lower face (23) of the tubular body (20), and delimited by the central line (233) in the transverse direction and two diagonal lines (234) reaching lateral sides of the lower face (23) of the second bag (28); an upper face (22) of the tubular body (20) and lateral sides of the second bag (28), when the tubular body (20) includes gussets (21), being cut at the same transverse level as a bottom line (236) of which the front tab (231) projects forward;
said tubular body including perforations extending along the central line (233), diagonal lines (234) of the first bag (27) and the second bag (28), the bottom line (236) delimiting the bags on the upper face (22) and the lateral sides of bags, when the tubular body (20) includes gussets (21);
the machine comprising separation means (5) for, in a first step, accomplishing a separation of the first and of the second bag (27, 28) and, in a second step, separating a waste piece (26) remaining on one of the bags (28) between the rear end and the front tab (231),
the machine being characterized in that the separation means (5) include a first pair of separation cylinders (51), driven by first drive means (53), and a second pair of separation cylinders (52), driven by second drive means (54), the separation means (5) being configured to clamp the waste piece (26) between the central line (233) and the bottom line (236) between the cylinders of the first pair (51) during the first step and to retain the waste piece (26) on the second bag (28) while the first bag (27) is clamped between the second pair of separation cylinders, and to clamp the waste piece (26) and tear it off with the cylinders of the second pair (52) during the second step while the second bag (28) is clamped between the first pair of separation cylinders (51), the first and the second drive means (53, 54) conferring a peripheral speed to the first pair of cylinders (51) that is less than that of the second pair (52) at least during the first and the second step. - The machine according to claim 5, wherein a principal cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders (52) includes grasping means (523) for spiking the waste piece (26) during the second step.
- The machine according to claim 6, wherein the principal cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders (52) includes a tear-off clip (521) for clamping the tubular body (20), the grasping means (523) being retractable so as to be retracted during the first step.
- The machine according to claim 6, wherein the principal cylinder of the second pair of separation cylinders (52) includes a first tear-off clip (521) for clamping the tubular body (20) during the first step and a second tear-off clip (522) for clamping the tubular body (20) during the second step, the grasping means (523) being positioned in proximity to the second tear-off clip (522).
- The machine according to claim 6, wherein the principal cylinder of the second pair of cylinders (52) includes at least two tear-off clips (522), the grasping means (523) being positioned in the environment of all the tear-off clips (522) or of one of two tear-off clip to clamp the tubular body (20) during the first step with a clip not provided with a grasping device or the grasping device whereof is retracted, and a second tear-off clip with an operational grasping device for clamping the tubular body during the second step and grasping the waste piece (26).
- The machine according to one of claims 5 through 9, wherein a principal cylinder of the first pair of separation cylinders (51) includes a holding clip for clamping the tubular body (20) during the first and the second step.
- The machine according to one of claims 5 through 8, wherein a principal cylinder of the first pair of separation cylinders (51) includes a first holding clip (511) for clamping the tubular body (20) during the first step and a second holding clip (512) for clamping the tubular body (20) during the second step.
- The machine according to one of claims 5 through 11, wherein a counter-cylinder of the first or of the second pair of cylinders includes an eroded zone, the corresponding drive means being configurable so that the first tear-off clip or the second tear-off clip faces the eroded zone intermittently during the rotation of the principal cylinder.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1462928A FR3030352B1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | METHOD AND MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BAGS |
PCT/EP2015/080531 WO2016097310A1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2015-12-18 | Method and machine for producing bags |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3233461A1 EP3233461A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
EP3233461B1 true EP3233461B1 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
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ID=52589653
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EP15820494.1A Active EP3233461B1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2015-12-18 | Method and machine for producing bags |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US10792881B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3233461B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3030352B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016097310A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR3089860B1 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2020-12-04 | Holweg Group | Special Bottom Flexible Bag Forming Method and Machine |
FR3090589B1 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | Holweg Group | Method and machine for separating sections for forming flexible bags |
FR3113036B1 (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2022-07-01 | Holweg Group | Reusable envelope with pre-cut closure flap, method and machine for manufacturing such an envelope |
FR3122847B1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Holweg Group | Process and machine for manufacturing a flexible bag of the envelope type, in particular with reinforcement |
FR3122867B1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Holweg Group | Envelope with closure tab, method and machine for manufacturing such an envelope |
EP4337457A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2024-03-20 | Holweg Group | Flexible bag having a convertible bottom, method and machine for manufacturing same |
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-
2015
- 2015-12-18 EP EP15820494.1A patent/EP3233461B1/en active Active
- 2015-12-18 WO PCT/EP2015/080531 patent/WO2016097310A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-12-18 US US15/537,621 patent/US10792881B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3030352B1 (en) | 2018-09-07 |
EP3233461A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
US10792881B2 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
US20180036987A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
WO2016097310A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
FR3030352A1 (en) | 2016-06-24 |
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